ING04 Sesion01

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http://fpdistancia.educa.jcyl.es/file.php/295/ING04/ING04_Sesion01...
THE TASK AT HAND. Session 1.- Heading to the

office!
Situation
Read the text and listen to the situation.
Script
Lourdes and Susana get to the office at 8.00 o'clock like every
day. Today they had to run a little bit since, for a change, it was
raining. They are quite used to living in London. However, there is
still something they are unable to cope with: the weather.
Susana: Ugh, look at me! My hair is all
tangled up! No matter
how many hours I spend in front of the mirror trying to make it
look nice, it always looks
messy!
buns or
Lourdes: Well, don't worry Susana, mine looks the same! I

believe that's the reason why most women here wear their hair in
ponytails! Maybe we should do the same.
The girls sit down at their desks and they turn on their computers. In the meantime, Mr. Parker enters
the office with the girls' new task for the week.
Mr. Parker: Good morning girls! How are you doing? It seems somebody got a little bit wet this
morning! Doesn't it? He, he, he (Mr. Parker laughs at Susana). Well, here you've got your new task for
the week. As you may have heard, working in a comfortable environment does not only make workers
happy, but it also increases production. At British Corporation we are very
concerned about
production, but we also want our workers to be happy at work. For this reason, I would like you to
come up with some ideas about how to create a positive atmosphere at work and how to prevent
possible
illnesses like stress, depression etc. You're doing a great job and I'm sure this new task
won't be an exception. Any questions? OK! If you have any problem, I'll be in my office. By the way!
Susana, don't worry about your hair, you always look beautiful! See you later girls!
Susana: Oh thanks! (She answers timidly).
Think about it
Enter the forum and tell your classmates:
Have you ever heard that working on a positive atmosphere increases production at work?
What do you think about it? Do you agree with this statement?
Name different illnesses that a worker may suffer from working in a negative environment at
work.
Have you ever suffered a problem of the kind?
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1.- What to say: Illnesses at work.
Quotation
"In order that people may be happy in their work, these three things are needed: They
must be fit for it. They must not do too much of it. And they must have a sense of
success in it."
John Ruskin
Situation
Susana: Did you hear that? Oooh! He's so cute! he thinks I'm
beautiful!!!" Susana says excitedly.
Lourdes: Yeah... let's start to work.
Susana: Ooh! Do you think he will fall in love with me someday?
Susana
sighs.
Lourdes: Come on, don't be silly Susana! It was just a
compliment, anything else! She answers irritatedly.
Susana: OK! I was just dreaming for a second! (she says
angrily) where should we start?
Lourdes: I think we should do some research on the Internet about the topic, learn about possible
illnesses and from there we should move on to possible solutions, what do you think?
Susana: That you're always right! Look! (Susana points at a piece of printed paper) I just printed this
article and it seems quite interesting. It's about one of the main reasons of stress at work (She reads
aloud):
"
BULLYING. Bullying takes place behind closed doors with no witnesses and no
evidence (in
the traditional sense). When called to account, the bully uses charm and their Jekyll and Hyde nature to
lie convincingly. Bullies are
clever, but you can be clever too. Here's how to deal with bullying at
work."
Lourdes: Yes! It sounds really interesting!
Think about it
Give your opinion in the forum:
Have you ever heard about bullying? Have you ever suffered it at work or school?
Do you know anyone who suffered it?
put an end to bullying?
What would you do to
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1.1.- Bullying at work.

Bullying at work takes places when someone tries to
intimidate another worker,
often in front of the rest of colleagues. It is usually, though not always, done to
someone in a less
senior position, creating a constant pattern of destructive
behaviour.
The number of people who suffer forms of bullying such as
teasing, intimidation
and physical abuse at work has doubled in the last decade, according to new figures
from the big
union "Unison".
Many employers have introduced
policies to try to deal with the problem, but now
a new law is needed to protect staff against bullies.
faced by young people at school,
Many people think of bullying as a problem
college or on
social networking sites and expect things to be different when they
enter the "professional" world of work.
But the latest research by "Unison" suggests that more than a third of workers have experienced bullying in the last
six months.
Lyn Witheridge from the Andrea Adams Trust, the first charity association to deal with work place bullying, has said:
"Bullying is a brutal form of psychological torture. It is to be constantly criticized, openly humiliated, professionally
undermined and
isolated day after day."
Jessica, 27, from Southampton says she has experienced psychological abuse from her manager.
put under was mental" she said. "But the boss would also throw office us equipment
"A lot of the stress I was
in anger because things had gone wrong. Things like
hole-punchers and staplers, anything that was near at
the time."
Being bullied at work may not just affect people's physical and mental health , but it can also affect their personal
life. Sarah, who worked in a hospital explained: "I felt really tired, I used to
lose my appetite and get
headaches and I didn't have the time to be with my friends or go out because I
was stressed-out about
having to face the next day."
More than 13 million working days a year are lost in the UK because of stress, anxiety and depression, according to
recent research.
"If you're bullied, you have difficulties concentrating, making decisions, and become
socially withdrawn. People
who are bullied miss more days at work than people who haven't been bullied,"psychologist Carey Cooper
explained.
There are laws to protect employees from discrimination covering race, gender and religion. But Hugh Robertson
from the union group the "TUC" is just one of the campaigners who don't think they're enough.
"There is a need for a strong
legal framework," he said. "We'd like to see a specific duty on employers to deal
with bullying, and that at the moment it doesn't exist."
The government department which deals with this problem made this statement: "Bullying and
never acceptable in the workplace and a change in work culture rather than legislation is key."
harassment is
Note: Some names have been changed to protect the identity of bullying victims.
Text adapted from The New York Times. March , 24th, 2008.
A step ahead
For more information about Bullying and its origin check the following link:
The origin of Bullying.
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1.2.- Now you put it into practice.
Now it's your turn

Read the previous text again and answer these questions:
What is bullying?
Absence from work.
A way of intimidating a worker.
Stress at work.
What is the difference between bullying and aggression?
There is no difference.
Aggression is physical.
Bullying involves a pattern of repeated aggression.
Bullying affects peoples ...
physical and mental health.
personal life.
physical health.
How do bullied people feel according to psychologist Carey Cooper?
They have difficulty concentrating.
They make quick decisions.
They are very sociable.
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Now it's your turn

Match the people mentioned in the text above to the things they mention.
Matching exercise.
PEOPLE
MENTIONED
MATCH
THINGS MENTIONED
Jessica.
1. "More than a third of of workers have experienced bullying in

the last six months."
Sarah.
2. "Bullying can be a real psychological torture."
Lyn Witheridge.
3. "The key to the problem is to change work culture rather than

legislation."
Unison.
4. "There are not enough laws to protect employees."
Hugh Robertson.
5. This person experienced psychological and physical

aggressions.
Government
department.
6. This person didn't even feel like going out with friends.
Submit
A step ahead
Who do you think are bigger bullies, men or women? Read the following article and answer the
question.
Some curiosities about bullying. Are men or women bigger bullies?
According to the text, although in different ways, men are just as aggressive as women.
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1.3.- Saying no.

One of the main problems of people being bullied at work is that they are
unable to say "no".
There are times when you want to say "no" politely, times when you have to be more
forceful in your refusal, and times when you really have to put people in their place.
The degree of politeness versus assertiveness of a refusal depends not only on
your relationship with the person who is asking you to do something, but also on the
attitude of the person who is asking. Here you have some useful ways of "saying
no".
To say "no" politely in English, we often begin with what may sound like an apology
"I'm sorry, you've come to the wrong person. You'll have to ask Joseph to do that."
or "I'm afraid I don't have the information you are asking for."
We can use: "I'm sorry" or "I'm afraid" followed by the reason why we cannot do something.
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Ways of saying "no" in English.

1. The direct "no."
Sometimes, saying sorry, then saying no is not necessary or even appropriate. If that's the case,
use the direct 'no'. For example:
A: Are you
joining us for lunch?
B: No, no thank you.

2. The reasoned "no."
Sometimes you feel it would be polite to offer a reason for your refusal but, on the other hand,
you don't want to
open up any
sort of negotiation. In this case, use the
reasoned 'no'.
Example:
A: We're leaving now. Are you coming with us for a drink?
B: I can't come for a drink tonight. I've got to get this report out for tomorrow.
3. The reflecting "no."
You want to acknowledge the request but still want to say "no" quite
A: Do you have time to
firmly. Example:
go through some things now?
B: I know you want to talk to me about the
meeting arrangements but I can't do it today.
4. The
raincheck "no."
This is similar to the reflecting 'no'. It's not so much saying 'no' as saying this is not a good time.
Example:
A: Could you check through these figures for me?
B: I can't right now, but I could some time tomorrow.
Be careful! only use this if you really do want to accept the request at a later date. Don't use it if
you really mean 'no'.
5. The
unwavering 'no'
This is how you have to deal with
pests people who don't hear 'no'.
A: Come on let's go for lunch.

B: No, I'm not going out for lunch today.
A: Oh, please, it won't take long.
A: Oh, go on, I'll pay.
Text adapted from English for Personal Assistants by Annie Broadhead and Ginni Light.
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1.4.- Now you put it into practice.
Think about it
Say 'no' politely in these situations:
notices are all
1. Frank asks you to check that the fire exit
correct and in place. This is not your job; Naomi is in
charge of health and
safety matters.
2. A pile of heavy boxes with photocopier paper has been
left in the
corridor. Sarah asks you to put them in the
paper store. You have a bad back.
3. A colleague asks you if you could read through the
minutes she took of a recent meeting before she
distributes them. You simply do not have the time.
Now it's your turn

Match these ways of saying no to the types 1 5 above. There may be more than one
answer for some of the expressions:
Matching exercise.
WAYS OF SAYING "NO"
MATCH
"No I can't do it right now, but what about Tuesday?"

"That's not possible today. It's my day to get the monthly starts
out."
TYPES
1. The direct 'no'.
2. The reasoned
'no'.
"No, no thank you."
3. The reflecting
'no'.
"No, it's not my scene". "No, really, it's not my scene."
4. The raincheck
'no'.
"I can see it would be helpful to

crosscheck with someone,
but I can't put this report aside right now."
5.
The
unwavering 'no'.
Submit
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Now it's your turn

Complete the dialogue below with appropriate words or phrases from the box. Be careful,
there are two phrases which do not fit.
Background: Paula is responsible for organising your company's attendance at a trade fair.
You have had nothing to do with the arrangements. Paula is prone to offloading work,
especially when problems start appearing, and you really want to discourage this.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
but that shouldn't be necessary, anyway

you've asked me to pick up the pieces
I really must point out that
Why don't you find out where the problem lies
but aren't you the best person to deal with that
Paula: I've just been looking at the map of the trade fair and I noticed that our name is not next to our
stand. Could you look into it? I'm not sure where the problem lies, with the printers, the trade fair
organisers
You:
I'm
sorry,
as you've been in charge of all the arrangements for that trade fair?
Paula: Well, I'm really snowed under with work at the moment so could you just chase up what's
happened about the map?
You:
Actually,
Paula,
this
isn't
the
first
time
start
to
go
wrong,
and
think
you
should
follow
this
when things
up
yourself.
and then take it from there?

Paula: Well, OK, but I don't know how I'm going to find time to do everything. ( she walks away).
Submit
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2.- How to say it: Past Simple vs. Present Perfect.
Think about it
Read the following sentences and answer what's the main difference between them?
My boss purchased new computers for the office last week.
We have had the same computers in the office for ten years.
Translation
Click here to read the Spanish version.
As we studied in unit number 2, we use the Simple Past to talk about

complete actions. Examples:
We travelled to London last week.
Mr. Parker finished the project on Monday.
When dealing with actions which began in the past and continue at the
present moment, we use the Present Perfect. Examples:
I have waited for my client for 30 minutes.
It's formulae is the following: Subject + Have/Has +Past Participle.
Example:
Mr. Parker has worked here for two years.
TIME EXPRESSIONS.
We use time expressions like 'yesterday', 'ago', 'last year', 'in 1999' with the past simple.
We spoke to our client in Dublin yesterday.
He got fired two years ago.
She joined the company in 1999.
We use time expressions like are 'ever', 'never', 'since' with the present perfect.
I've never seen so many people here before.
Have you ever heard about it?
I've worked in the project since 2010.
Translation
Click here to read the Spanish version.
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Think about it
These are common mistakes made when using the Present Perfect or
Simple Past:
I have written to him yesterday.
We have visited them last week.
He has died two years ago.
I have had some cookies for breakfast this morning.
Can you correct them?
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2.1.- Common Present Perfect Time Expressions.

JUST: It means a short time ago. Example: I have just talked to my boss about it.
ALREADY: It means something has happened sooner than expected. Example: I have
already handed in the project.
YET: It is used only in questions and negative sentences. It shows that the speaker is
expecting something to happen. Example: I haven't told him about the accident yet.
SINCE: It refers to a specific point in time. She has lived in Paris since 1996.
FOR: It implies a certain amount of time. I have waited for you for two hours!
HOW LONG? It's used to ask about time. How long have you worked in this company
for?
Translation
Click here to read the Spanish translation.
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2.2.- Now you put it into practice (I).
Now it's your turn

Complete this exercise with the Present Perfect.
a. I
years.
(work) for this company for the last three
b. Our boss
times.
(travel) to the U.S.A many
c. I think you
check it up!
(not make) a mistake. Let's
d. The saleswoman
e. The company
f. Dennis
(treat) me rudely.
(paid) us a bonus for our efficiency.
(live) in New York for several months.
g. Many companies
advertising.
(reduce) costs in
h. Mercedes Benz
car model.
i. IBM
launch) a new model of electrical car electric
(not increase) its marketing activities in Asia.
j. I
(delete) all the information by mistake.
Submit
Now it's your turn

Put the sentences in the correct tense.
A: I
Sack last week .
B: Oh, really ? I
A: We
him for ages!

to the cinema last Saturday.
B: Oh! Well,
A: Well, I
B: What
the film?
it much. I
it boring.
afterwards?
A: We went to a pub and met Susan there. You know, I

B: Yes, I remember her. She
doing?
A: She is fine. She
change her job.
her since school.
one of your best friends for a long time. How is she

for the British Museum for some time but finally she decided to
Submit
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2.2.1.- Now you put it into practice (II).
Now it's your turn

Fill in the gaps using How long / already / yet / since / for / just.
1. A: Can I speak to Susan, please?
B: I'm sorry she hasn't arrived
.
2. A: Have you ever thought of expanding your business?
B: Well, yes. In fact, I have
to the bank.
3. A:
have you had this Blackberry for?
B: I have had it
last year.
4. A: Has she
told you about her new idea?
B: Yes, she has
told me about it a minute ago.
5. A: Have you
B: No, not
asked for a loan
been promoted?
!
6. A: Mr. Green has worked for this company
24 years.
B: Yes, he's been here

he was 34.
7. A: How about a nice drink at the pub?
B: Well, it sounds great but I haven't finished my work
Submit
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2.3.- Revision of grammar.
A piece of advice
Why don't we revise some of the main grammar points we've seen in this unit? Take a look at the
following presentation. You might find it interesting.
Revision of grammar.
Text summary
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3.- Words you need: The Bullying Phenomenon.

In this section you will learn some useful vocabulary related to Bullying.
Bullying
Words related to Bullying
Translation
Ally.
Aliado, aliada.
Bully.
Matn/matona.
Bystander.
Testigo, transente.
Discrimination.
Discriminacin.
Harrass.
Acoso.
Hate crime.
Delito motivado por discriminacin.
Humiliate.
Humillacin.
Prejudice.
Prejuicio.
Respect.
Respeto.
Slur.
Comentario racista, denigrante.
Stereotype.
Estereotipo.
Sympathy.
Compasin, lstima.
Target.
Blanco, objeto de burla.
To bully.
Intimidar, amenazar.
To put someone down.
Humillar, rebajar a alguien.
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3.1.- Common verbs, nouns and adjectives.

Take a look at these common verbs, nouns and adjectives.
Bullying Vocabulary: Common verbs, nouns and adjectives.

Common words
Dolor constante, menos severo que "pain". "achaque" o "dolor continuo." (verbo y
sustantivo).
Ache.
Body's
system.
Translation
immune
Sistema inmunolgico.
Health.
Salud.
Hurt.
"Doler", "lastimar" y "herir". (verbo).
Ill.
Enfermo o enferma. (adjetivo).
Illness / Disease.
Enfermedad. (sustantivo).
Pain.
Dolor causado por una herida, enfermedad o problemas emocionales. (sustantivo).
Sick.
Malestar. (adjective).
Sore. (E.g:
throat).
sore
Irritacin. (sustantivo / siempre con el artculo "a"). (Ejemplo dolor de garganta).
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3.2.- Effects of bullying: Common illnesses and Symptoms.

Take a look at the following words.
Bullying Vocabulary: Common illnesses and

Symptoms.
Illnesses and Symptoms
Translation
Anxiety.
Ansiedad.
Backacke.
Dolor de espalda.
CFS. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome).
Sndrome de Fatiga Crnica.
Constant tiredness.
Cansancio continuo.
Depression.
Depresin.
Fatigue.
Fatiga.
Irregular heart beat.
Arritmias cardacas.
Irritability.
Irritabilidad.
Lack of motivation.
Falta de motivacin.
Loss of self-esteem.
Prdida de autoestima.
Panic attacks.
Ataques de pnico.
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. (PTSD).
Estrs post-traumtico.
Severe headaches.
Dolores fuertes de cabeza.
Sleeplessness.
Insomnio.
Stress.
Estrs.
Suicidal thoughts.
Pensamientos de suicidio.
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3.3.- Moods, States and Feelings.

Bullying Vocabulary: Moods, States and Feelings.
Moods, States and
Feelings
Translation
Ambitious.
Ambicioso, ambiciosa.
Bad manner.
Maleducado, maleducada.
Cruel / Unkind.
Cruel, despiadado, despiadada.
Gifted.
Con talento.
Moody.
Malhumorado, cambiante.
Nostalgic.
Nostlgico, nostlgica.
Relieved.
Aliviado, aliviada.
Selfish.
Egosta.
Tense.
Tenso, tensa.
Terrific.
Genial, magnfico, magnfica.
Vain.
Vanidoso,
vanidosa,
presuntuosa.
presuntuoso,
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3.4.- Now you put it into practice (I).
Now it's your turn

Bullying may cause different illnesses and symptoms. Classify the ones mentioned above
into Physical or Psychological. You must write them in alphabetical order in the correct
column.
Illnesses and symptoms.

PHYSICAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Submit
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Now it's your turn

What's wrong with you? Complete the exercise with the words given. Be careful, there are
more words than you need.
Ache / Health / Hurt / Ill / Disease / Pain / Sick / Sore / Illness.
She can't hardly speak. She has a
Alzheimer's
senile dementia.
My back
throat.
is the most common form of

is getting worse. I'll have to go to the doctor.
He
her feelings and she doesn't want to see him
anymore.
He loves eating hearty meals, but afterwards, he often has
stomach
Mary is pregnant and she often feels
in the mornings.
There are specific departments in hospitals to treat chronic

Mental disorders are quite dangerous for our
.
.
Submit
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3.4.1.- Now you put it into practice (II).
Now it's your turn

Complete the sentences using the words from the box. Be careful there are more words than
you need!
depressed / vain / nostalgic / relieved / tense / ambitious / gifted / mature / bad / mannered /
selfish.
The new assistant is quite
for his age.
You are so
world.
, you think you are the centre of the
It is difficult to work with her. She is always

relaxed.
and never
If you feel
, you should talk to someone you
trust.
Oh, thank goodness I had saved all my work on the computer. I am
so
. I thought I had lost it all.
My boss is such a rude and

Our department will present an
Patrick is a
person. I can't stand him.

project to improve sales.
communicator who strongly believes that actions speak louder than words.
Submit
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Now it's your turn

Match the words in A to their definition in B.
Matching exercise.
A
MATCH
Bystander
1. A person who is on your side or helps you in a situation.
Sympathy
2. To threaten or try to scare someone with words or action.
Slur
3. A feeling of knowing how a person feels.
Target
4. To deeply embarrass or ridicule someone to make him or her feel lower

as a person.
To bully
5. A combination of people of different backgrounds.
Diversity
6. A person picked on or bullied by others.
Humiliate
7. An inappropriate word of term that is to put someone down.
Ally
8. A person who witnesses an act or an event without participating.
Submit
A step ahead
Click on the link below to listen to the pronunciation of the words and definitions in the previous
exercise.
Bullying: Words and definitions.
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3.5.- Business Idioms.

Read the idioms below, do you know the meaning of the any of them?
To be paid peanuts.
To be on the dole.
To be rolling in it.
To do some belt- tightening.
To face the music.
To be in the red.
Now it's your turn

Match the following idioms with their meaning.
Matching exercise.
Idioms
Match
Meaning
To be paid peanuts.
1. Reduction of expenses.
To be on the dole.
2. To admit that there's a problem; to deal with an unpleasant

situation realistically.
To be rolling in it.
3. To be paid very little money.
To
do
belt-tightening.
4. A person who receives financial assistance from the

government when they are unemployed.
some
To face the music.
5. To be very rich.
To be in the red.
6. Losing money. Having lots of debts.
Submit
Now it's your turn

Do you know their equivalent into Spanish? Surf the net and look for their translation into
Spanish. Then, try to learn then by heart! Good luck!
1. To be paid peanuts:
2. To be on the dole:
3. To be rolling in it:
4. To do some belt- tightening:
5. To face the music:

6. To be in the red:
.
.
Submit
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Appendix.- Licenses of Resources.

Licenses of Resources used in session 1. "Heading to the office!"
Resource (1)
Resource information (1)
Resource (2)
Resource information (2)
By: MrSchuReads.
License: CC by-nc-sa 2.0.
From: http://www.flickr.com
/photos/litandmore
/2312869091
By: Bullyinguk.
/photos/bullyinguk
/3404568440/
By: Teresatrimm.
License: CC by-sa 2.0.
/photos/ttrimm
/5351309838/
By: Tomt6788.
License: CC by 2.0.
/photos/ttdesign
/343167587/
By: Stewf.
/photos/stewf/82286956
By: Aftab.
License: CC by nc.
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20/09/2012 9:54

ING04 Sesion01

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ING04 Sesion01

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ING04_Sesion01

THE TASK AT HAND. Session 1.- Heading to the

Lourdes: Well, don't worry Susana, mine looks the same! I

1.- What to say: Illnesses at work.

1.1.- Bullying at work.

1.2.- Now you put it into practice.

Now it's your turn

Now it's your turn

1. "More than a third of of workers have experienced bullying in

2. "Bullying can be a real psychological torture."

3. "The key to the problem is to change work culture rather than

4. "There are not enough laws to protect employees."

5. This person experienced psychological and physical

1.3.- Saying no.

Ways of saying "no" in English.

joining us for lunch?

B: No, no thank you.

go through some things now?

B: I know you want to talk to me about the

meeting arrangements but I can't do it today.

pests people who don't hear 'no'.

A: Come on let's go for lunch.

1.4.- Now you put it into practice.

Now it's your turn

"No I can't do it right now, but what about Tuesday?"

"No, no thank you."

"No, it's not my scene". "No, really, it's not my scene."

"I can see it would be helpful to

Now it's your turn

but that shouldn't be necessary, anyway

and then take it from there?

2.- How to say it: Past Simple vs. Present Perfect.

As we studied in unit number 2, we use the Simple Past to talk about

2.1.- Common Present Perfect Time Expressions.

2.2.- Now you put it into practice (I).

Now it's your turn

(work) for this company for the last three

(travel) to the U.S.A many

(not make) a mistake. Let's

launch) a new model of electrical car electric

(not increase) its marketing activities in Asia.

(delete) all the information by mistake.

Now it's your turn

Sack last week .

him for ages!

A: We went to a pub and met Susan there. You know, I

her since school.

one of your best friends for a long time. How is she

2.2.1.- Now you put it into practice (II).

Now it's your turn

have you had this Blackberry for?

told you about her new idea?

B: Yes, she has

told me about it a minute ago.

asked for a loan

6. A: Mr. Green has worked for this company

B: Yes, he's been here

2.3.- Revision of grammar.

3.- Words you need: The Bullying Phenomenon.

Delito motivado por discriminacin.

Comentario racista, denigrante.

Blanco, objeto de burla.

To put someone down.