ECE473

EXAM #2 SOLUTIONS

FALL 2012

Instructions:
1. Closed-book, closed-notes, open-mind exam.
2. Work each problem on the exam booklet in the space provided.
3. Write neatly and clearly for partial credit. Cross out any material you do not want graded.

Name:

Problem 1:

/20

Problem 2:

/20

Problem 3:

/20

Problem 4:

/40

Total:

/100

Innitely-Long Wire Carrying a Current i (A) or Charge q (C/m):

B = o H

o i
,
2x

q
,
2o x
Transmission Line Parameters:
l
R =
A
R2
T2 + T
=
R1
T1 + T
R3 R2
R 2 R1
=
T3 T2
T2 T1
E =

L = 2 107 ln

o = 4 107 H/m
o = 8.854 1012 F/m
=

GMD
H/m
GMR

2o
F/m
ln GMD/GMR
= re1/4
= 0.7788r

C =
r

1 mi = 1609 m
1 ft = 12 in
1 in = 2.54 cm
1

1
F/m
36 109

Problem 1 (20 Points)

D
q

D 2

+q

H 2

The above diagram depicts a single-phase two-wire transmission line at a height H from the ground.
The distance between the two conductors is D.
(a) Show the magnitude EA of the electric eld at point A is given by
[

EA =

q
1
H
2
o H
H + D2

V
m

Using the method of images,

EA =
=
=

(q)
q
q
(q)

sin +
sin
2
2
2o H
2o H
2o H + D
2o H 2 + D2
2q
H
2q

2
2
2
2o H
2o H + D
H + D2
[
]
1
H
V
q
2
2
o H
H +D
m

(b) Compute EA in kV/cm if q = 1 C/m, D = 1 m, H = 10 m, and o

= 1/(36 109 ) F/m.
[

EA

(c) Find EC in kV/cm.

EC

106
1
10

=
=

= 36 103 0.00099
9
1/(36 10 ) 10 101
1 kV
1m
V

= 0.3564 103 kV/cm

= 36 0.99
= 35.64 V/m = 35.64
m 1000 V 100 cm
q
1
H
2
o H
H + D2

= EA
= 0.3564 103 kV/cm

(d) Find EB in kV/cm.

EB = 0 kV/cm

Problem 2 (20 Points)

r
r

Compute the GMR of the above unconventional conductor in terms of r, the radius of each of the
four strands.

GMR =
=

44

16

= r

(r 2r 2r 2r)2 (r 2r 2r 2r 3)2

(re1/4 2r 2r 2r)2 (re1/4 2r 2r 2r 3)2

16

16

3e1 212

= r 12288e1

= 1.69219r

Problem 3 (20 Points)

a1

b1

c1

1m

1m

a2

12m

b2

1m

c2

1m

A double-circuit three-phase line is shown above with conductors a1 and a2 , b1 and b2 , and c1 and
c2 belonging to phases a, b, and c, respectively. For this type of conguration, the geometric mean
distance GMD must be computed exactly. Find the GMD in meters.
Solution #1:
GMDab =
GMDbc =
GMDca =
GMD =

Db1c1 Db1c2 Db2c1 Db2c2

Dc1a1 Dc1a2 Dc2a1 Dc2a2

GMDab GMDbc GMDca

195
= 3.737 m

=
1 15 13 1 =
195 = 3.737 m

4
4
=
2 12 16 2 =
768
= 5.264 m

3 4
4
4
12
=
195 195 768 =
29203200
= 4.189 m

Da1b1 Da1b2 Da2b1 Da2b2 =

1 15 13 1 =

Solution #2:

GMD =

12

12

12

(Da1b1 Da1b2 Da1c1 Da1c2 )(Da2b1 Da2b2 Da2c1 Da2c2 )(Db1c1 Db1c2 Db2c1 Db2c2 )

(1 2 15 16)(1 1 13 15)(2 1 12 13)

29203200
= 4.189 m

Problem 4 (40 Points)

18"

18"

18"

24

24

The above gure shows a common spacing for a 345-kV line using ACSR Drake conductors in
bundles of two conductors with a standard bundle spacing d = 18 in and distances as shown
between the centers of each bundle. The characteristics of ACSR Drake conductors are reproduced
below:
Code
Word

Outside
Diameter

Drake

(in)
1.108

Geometric
Mean
Radius
(ft)
0.0375

Resistance (/mi)
50 o C
dc
0.1288

25 Hz
0.1288

50 Hz
0.1288

60 Hz
0.1288

(a) Determine the GMR of each phase in ft.

GMR =

rd =

1.108
2 12

)(

18
12

= 0.2632 ft

(b) Determine the GMR of each phase in ft.

r d =
(0.0375) (1.5)
GMR =
= 0.2372 ft
(c) Determine the GMD of the three bundles in ft.

GMD =

48

242 + 72

242 + 72 =

48 25 25
= 31.07 ft

(d) Calculate the line-to-neutral capacitance per mile, C (nF/mi).

C =

2o
ln GMD/GMR

2 8.854 1012
F/m 109 nF/F 1609 m/mi
= 18.76 nF/mi
ln 31.07/0.2632

(e) Calculate the line-to-neutral capacitive susceptance per mile at 60 Hz, B (S/mi).
B = C

= 120 18.76 109 S/mi 106 S/S

= 7.073 S/mi

(f) Calculate the per-phase inductance per mile, L (mH/mi).

L =

o
GMD
ln
2 GMR

= 2 107 ln

31.07
H/m 103 mH/H 1609 m/mi
= 1.569 mH/mi
0.2372
5

(g) Calculate the per-phase inductive reactance per mile at 60 Hz, X (/mi).
X

= L = 120 1.569 103 /mi 103 m/

= 0.5914 /mi

(h) Calculate the per-phase 60-Hz AC resistance per mile at 50 o C, R (/mi).

R =

Rc
2

0.1288
2

= 0.0644 /mi