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Xiaotian Geng, president of Shanghai Manufacturing Corp.

, wants to create a
portfolio of suppliers for the motors used in her company's products that will
represent a reasonable balance between costs and risks. While she knows that the
single-supplier approach has many potential benefits with respect to quality
management and just-in-time production, she also worries about the risk of fires,
natural disasters, or other catastrophes at supplier plants disrupting her firm's
performance. Based on historical data and climate and geological forecasts,
Xiaotian estimates the probability of a "super-event" that would negatively impact
all suppliers simultaneously to be 0.5% (i.e., probability = 0.005) during the supply
cycle. She further estimates the "unique-event" risk for any of the potential
suppliers to be 4% (probability= .04). Assuming that the marginal cost of managing
an additional supplier is $10,000, and the financial loss incurred if a disaster caused
all suppliers to be down simultaneously is $10,000,000, how many suppliers should
Xiaotian use? Assume that up to three nearly identical suppliers are available.

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