ERBIL PLOYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

ERBIL TECHNICAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Fluid Mechanics
Lecture 3
- Solved Examples (7 examples)
- Home works

By
Dr. Fahid Abbas Tofiq

Example 1: A plate 0.025 mm distant from a fixed plate, moves at 60 cm/s

and requires a force 2 N per unit area (i.e. 2 N/m2 ) to maintain this speed.
Determine the fluid viscosity between the plates.
Distance between plates
Velocity of upper plate
Force per unit area on upper plate

dy=0.025 mm = 0.025 x10-3 m

u = 60 cm/s = 0.6 m/s
= 2 N/m2

= m

du
dy

du = change in velocity = u 0 = 0.6 m/s

dy = Change in distance = 0.025 x10-3 m
= Force per unit area = 2 N/m2

2 = m

0 . 60
0.025 10 - 3

= 8.33 x 10-5 N.s/m2

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Example 2: Two horizontal plates are placed 1.25 cm apart, the space
between them being filled with oil of viscosity 1.4 N.s/m2 . Calculate the
shear stress in oil if upper plate is moved with a velocity of 2.5 m/s.
Distance between plates
Viscosity
Velocity of upper plate

dy=1.25 cm = 0.0125 m
= 1.4 N.s/m2
u = 2.5 m/s

= m

du
dy

du = change in velocity = u 0 = 2.5 m/s

dy = Change in distance = 0.0125 m

= 1 .4

2 .5
0.0125

= 280 N/m2
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Example 3: Calculate the dynamic viscosity of an oil, which is used for lubrication between a
square plate of size 0.8 m x 0.8 m and an inclined plane with angle of inclination 30o as
shown in the figure. The weight of the square plate is 300 N and it slides down the inclined
plane with a uniform velocity of 0.3 m/s. the thickness of oil film is 1.5 mm.

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Example 4: Find the kinematic viscosity of an oil having density 981 Kg/m3.
the shear stress at a point in oil is 0.2452 N/m2 and velocity gradient at that
point is 0.2 per second

Example 5: An open tank contains water up to a depth of 2 m and above it an

oil of specific gravity 0.9 for a depth of 1 m. Find the pressure intensity (i) at
the interface of the two liquids, and (ii) at the bottom of the tank.

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Example 6: The right limb of a simple U-tube manometer containing

mercury is open to the atmosphere while the left limb is connected to a pipe
in which a fluid of specific gravity 0.9 is flowing. The center of the pipe is 12
cm below the level of mercury in the right limb. Find the pressure of fluid in
the pipe if the difference of mercury level in the two limbs is 20 cm.

Example 7: An inverted U-tube manometer is connected to two horizontal pipes A and B

through which water is flowing. The vertical distance between the axes of these pipes is 30
cm. when an oil of specific gravity 0.8 is used as a gauge fluid, the vertical height of water
columns in the two limbs of the inverted manometer (when measured from the respective
center lines of the pipes) are found to be same and equal to 35 cm. Determine the difference
of pressure between the pipes.

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Home work number 1 :

-

To be submitted next week.

A4 size paper to be used for submission
Rewrite the questions on the answer sheets.
Name and class of the student and number of the home work to be
mentioned in the title of the first page.

HW-001 : Calculate the capillary rise in a glass tube of 2.5 mm diameter

when immersed vertically in (a) water and (b) mercury. Take surface
tension = 0.0725 N/m for water and = 0.52 N/m for mercury in contact
with air. The specific gravity for mercury is given as 13.6 and angle of
contact =130o.
HW-002 : Find out the minimum size of glass tube that can be used to
measure water level if the capillary rise in the tube is to be restricted to 2
mm. consider surface tension of water in contact with air as 0.073575
N/m.
HW-003 : The pressure intensity at a point in a fluid is given 3.924
N/cm2. Find the corresponding height of fluid when the fluid is: (a)
water, and (b) oil of specific gravity 0.9.
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HW-004 : A simple U-tube manometer containing

mercury is connected to a pipe in which a fluid of
specific gravity 0.8 and having vacuum pressure is
flowing. The other end of the manometer is open to
atmosphere. Find the vacuum pressure in pipe, if
the difference of mercury level in the two limbs is
40 cm and the height of fluid in the left from the
center of pipe is 15 cm below.

HW-005: A differential manometer is

connected at the two points A and B as shown
in the figure. At B air pressure is 9.81 N/cm2
(abs), find the absolute pressure at A.

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HW-005: Find out the differential reading (h) of an inverted U-tube

manometer containing oil of specific gravity 0.7 as the manometric fluid
when connected across pipes A and B as shown in figure below,
conveying liquids of specific gravities 1.2 and 1.0 and immiscible with
manometric fluid. Pipe A and pipe B are located at the same level and
assume the pressure at A and B to be equal.

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Fluid Mechanics_ETEC_FA_2015-2016