Benefits Of A Safe And Healthy Workplace:

Organizations can become more effective if they have safer and

healthy
workplaces. Because they can have fewer day lasts. Therefore,
they have
higher productivity .They can increase efficiency and quality.
Because
they have healthier workforce .They can reduce medical and
insurance
costs. They can improve a good prestige. Everybody wants to
work
with them.

Results Of Unsafe And Unhealthy Workplace:

There are lots of results of an unsafe and unhealthy workplace
.The
important results are :

Injury and Disease:

For example every year a lot of employees have back pain that
reduce
their job performance. And billions of Turkish Lira is spent each
year
to treat back pain.
Mental Health:
Mental health is just as important as physical health. Depressive
disorders
represent one of the most common health problems of adult
workforce.

Death and Violence:

Sometimes, workplace injuries result in death .The most

common
workplace deaths are transportation accidents and contact with
objects and equipment.

Economic Costs:
Although deaths have reduced, the economic cost to businesses
of workplace deaths and injuries remains high.
Promoting Safety And Health Within An Integrated HR
System
There are lots of things that can be used for workplace safety
and health.

Job Analysis and Competency Model:

Job analysis and competency modeling have shown that some
personality characteristic analyses predict workplace
accidents and psychological symptoms.

Training:
Training is the most important activity that can be used to
improve
workplace safety and health. If you teach employees how to
behave
when an accident happens, they can be calm. The training of
managers
may include detailed explanations of the relevant laws and
regulations
that govern workplace safety and health.

The Organizational Environment

Internal environment factors:

They are important for workplace safety and health, include

the
organizations culture and its leadership.

Leadership:

Effective leaders do more than just talk about the importance of

workplace safety.

External forces:

These factors are important to workplace safety and health include

technologies, industry conditions, and the laws and regulations
that
govern this aspect of work.

Technology:

The introduction of new technologies improves workplace

safety
and health.

Industry:

Employees in some industries are more likely to be injured at work

than
others. InTurkeys shipbuilding accident rate is extremely high. In
fact, it
is nearly 20 times higher than the developed countries
Laws and regulations:
Every country has laws and regulations about workplace safety
and health.
I think in developed countries these laws are strict .On the other
hand in developing countries they are passive.

Global Considerations

With globalization, there has been an increasing awareness of

differences in national standards for workplace safety and health.

Country differences:

There are differences in national standards about workplace safety

and
health.

Global organizations:

To improve workplace safety and health in the world there are

International Labour Organization and The World Health
Organization .They strive to improve workplace safety and
health
around the world by educating employers and employees,
developing

knowledge about how to improve the health of workers, and

establishing
the view of the rights and responsibilities of employees and
employers.

Safety And Health Hazards In The

Workplace
1-Organizational qualities:
The working conditions and time
The tools and technology available to do the job
The availability of guns brought to work
The size of the organization has also been shown to be related to
incidence rates .Small organizations (those with fewer than 50
employees)
and large organizations(those with more than 250 employees)
have lower
incidence rates than medium-sized organizations. Because
supervisors
in small organizations are better able to detect safety hazards and
prevent
accidents than medium size ones, while larger organizations have
more
resources to hire staff specialists who can devote their efforts to
safety and
accident prevention.

Safety And Health Hazards In The Workplace

2-Individual qualities:
Accidents result from the behaviors of people, the hazards
in the work environment and pure chance. Certain psychological

and physical characteristics seem to make some people susceptible

to accidents. Employees who have fewer accidents are more
optimistic,
trusting, and concerned for others than those have more accidents.
Employees under great stress are likely to have more accidents
than those
under low stress. Older workers are less likely to have accidents.
However, when older people do have accidents, they are more
likely to suffer facilities and they recover more slowly.

Safety And Health Hazards In The Workplace

3-Violent employees :
Workplace homicides are primarily robbery related, and they
often occur
in grocery or convenience stores, drinking establishment, and
gasoline
service stations .Although it may be difficult to identify the
violent
employee before the fact,employers are urged to be on the
lookout
for some common signs, such as;

Verbal threats:
Individuals often talk about what they may do

Physical actions:

Troubled employees may try to intimidate others, flash a

concealed
weapon in the workplace to test reactions.

Obsession:

An employee may hold a grudge against a coworker or

supervisor.

Workplace Stressors:
1-Organizational change :

Often when changes are made, there is too little communication

about

the necessity for change and the nature of changes to come.

People become
concerned about whether the change will affect them.
2-Physical environment:
Office technologies can improve productivity, they may also be
reasons
of stress, crowd, noise, lack of privacy, and lack of control.

3.Stress-prone employees:

People differ from in how they respond to organizational

stressors. A
classic difference is referred to as type a people versus type b
behaviors.

4-The manager:

Employees working for a bad boss experienced more exhausting,

job
tension, nervousness, depressed moods, and mist.

Strategies For Improving Workplace Safety And

Health:
Accident Prevention:

Designing the work environment to make accidents unlikely is

perhaps
the best way to prevent accidents and increase safety.

Ergonomics:

Ergonomics considers changes in the job environment in

conjunction
with the physical and physiological capabilities and limitations of
the
employees .
Vary their tasks during the day
Take small breaks every 30 minutes
Take longer breaks every two hours
Minimize the number of keystrokes whenever possible
Have opportunities to learn about their job performance
Reduce sources of environmental stress, such as heat, glare,
or noise

Health and Safety Committees:

Such committees can be effective in reducing the frequency and

severity
of workplace injuries.