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I.
INTRODUCTION
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Furthermore, the stator is designed accoording to a real 4pole single-cage induction motor and has
h been kept the
same for all models with 36 stator slots. The stator circuits
form a delta wound and the phase resistaance was measured
in the laboratory through DC current injeection. The models
are fed by symmetrical sinusoidal 3-phasse 380V and 50Hz
system.
along the depth of the rotor baars is presented for the three
models. The skin effect is preesent in all cases, provoking
significant current displacemeent inside the bars towards
their surface. At the same tim
me, there is not any current
flowing through the middle bar area, which does not
contribute to the torque producction in the models B and C,
since it is not made from conduucting material.
a)
a
a)
b)
b
b)
c)
Fig. 1. The three simulated motors. a) Single aluuminum rotor bars. b)
Upper bar from aluminum, inner bar from copper annd air between them. c)
Upper bar from aluminum, inner bar from copper annd iron between them.
c
c)
Fig. 2. The magnetic flux distribution at starting for a) model A, b) model
B and c) model C.
1451
a)
b)
c)
Fig. 3. The current density amplitude along the deppth of the rotor bars at
starting for: a) model A, b) model B and c) model C.
In TABLE I, one can see the values off torque and stator
current amplitude for the three simulated models at starting.
The stator current is practically the saame for the three
models. Also, the electromagnetic torquee has been slightly
reduced in models B and C. The modell B has 5.3% less
starting torque than the model A, whereaas model C 3.2%.
Models B and C present lower total baar resistance, than
model A. As, a consequence their electrom
magnetic torque at
starting was expected to be significantly less than model's
A. This does not happen and the differrence between the
starting torque of the three models is small. This small
difference presented in the motors startinng behavior occurs
from the fact that, although in models B and
a C the total bars
resistance is lower due to the copper, thhe leakage flux is
greater compared to model A as seen befoore in Fig. 2.
TABLE I
TORQUE AND STATOR CURRENT AMPLITUDE FO
OR THE 3 MODELS
Model
A
B
C
Torque (Nm)
79.26
75.05
76.69
a)
b)
1452
V.
c)
models
Speed (rpm)
Torque (Nm)
Stator Current (A)
Output Power (W)
Cos
Efficiency
d)
e)
A
1470
27.38
8.84
4213
0.63
0.94
B
1470
38.36
10.73
5902
0.74
0.92
C
1470
37.15
10.61
5717
0.72
0.92
f)
Fig. 4. Characteristics versus speed: a) Electromagnetic torque, b) Stator
current amplitude, c) Power factor, d) Efficiency, e) Input power and f)
Output power for the three motors.
1453
a)
a)
b))
b)
c)
Fig. 6. The electromagnetic torque foor a) model A, b) model B and c)
model C, for applied mechanical load 30Nm.
3
c)
Fig. 5. The spatial harmonic index of the radial com
mponent of the magnetic
flux density for the: a) Model A, b) Model B and c) Model C.
a)
b))
c)
models
Speed (rpm)
Torque (Nm)
Stator Current (A)
Output Power (W)
Cos
Efficiency (%)
A b) model B and c)
Fig. 7. The electromagnetic torque for a) model A,
model C, for applied mechanical load 60Nm.
A
1470.44
30
5.66
4617
0.8366
85.6
B
1480
30
5.76
4646
0.87
81.3
C
1478
30
6
4641
0.74
91.7
TABLE
E IV
ANALYSIS RESULTS FOR APPLIED MEECHANICAL LOAD 60NM FOR THE 3
MODE
ELS
models
Speed (rpm)
Torque (Nm)
Stator Current (A)
Output Power (W)
Cos
Efficiency (%)
a)
b)
Fig. 8. The speed versus time for the three models for the case of: a) load
torque equal to 30Nm and b) load torque equal to 600Nm.
A
1423.66
60
11.5
8940
0.9
75.6
B
1446.5
60
11.6
9084
0.89
77.5
C
1428.3
60
14.5
8970
0.75
72.3
a)
VIII.
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
b)
[7]
[8]
[9]
REFERENCES
IX. BIOGRAPHIES
Konstantinos N. Gyftakis was born in Patras, Greece, in May 1984. He
received the diploma in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the
University of Patras, Patras, Greece in 2010. He is a PhD candidate in the
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Patras.
His research activities are in FEM design, fault diagnosis and optimization
of electrical machines. He is an IEEE member, member of IEEE PES and
Magnetics Society, member of the HELIEV (Hellenic Institute of Electric
Vehicles) and finally member of the Technical Chamber of Greece. (Email: kosgyftak@upatras.gr)
c)
Fig. 9. The spatial harmonic index of the radial component of the magnetic
flux density for the: a) Model A, b) Model B and c) Model C, when 30Nm
mechanical load is applied.
VII.
CONCLUSION
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