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CSEC MATHEMATICS
Past Paper Solution May 2016
Paper 02
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** Please see the original past paper for the questions.

Only the worked solutions and answers will be provided as
per copyright obligations.
**********************************************************

Q1a (i) May 2016

Q2.a i)
Note that this can be factored as the difference of two
squares.

... ( take 4 as a factor)

4 (a 2 4)
4 (a+2)(a2)

=
The question is asking for the answer to be given as a
fraction, so do not convert to decimal.
Numerator:
Convert to improper fraction -->

27/89/ 4 = 9/ 8

Denominator:
Convert to improper fraction -->

3/ 2

Divide Numerator by denominator

3
9
3
9
2

=
=
4
8
2
8
3

0.231361 + 3.61

= 3.84 ( 2 dp)

Q1b (i)
Buying Price = cost price
Displayed (marked) Price

= $1064
= $1399

A customer will get a 5% discount on displayed price if

he/she pays by cash.
Selling Price if customer paid cash :
95% of $1399
Profit = selling price cost price
1,329.05 1,064
(ii) % profit = 265.05/1064 x 100

( 3 term expression)
( 4 term expression)

where :

and b = p+q

ac = p x q

a = 3, b = 2, and c = - 8
p x q = ac = (3 x -8) = -24
p+q=b =2

From inspection it can be seen that (p = 6) and (q = - 4)

so the original expression becomes:
3y 2+(64 ) y 8 = 3y 2+6y4y8
= 3y( y+2)4( y+2)
= (3y4)( y +2)

Q2.b ( simultaneous linear equations)

Note that by multiplying the first equation by 2, and then
adding both equations, we will eliminate y.
4x + 2y = 6 ... ( mul by 2) .. 1
5x - 2y = 12
....2

9x + 0 = 18
= $1,329.05

result:

...

add 1 & 2

x = 18/9 = 2

now substitute (x =2 ) into equation 1

= $265.05
= 24.9%

Q1c : To solve this type of problem, compare the price

per ml of each size as shown below.
I
Size
Price
Price/ml
Compare
ml

$ / ml

350

4.2

0.0120

Highest

450

5.35

0.0119

middle

500

5.8

0.0116

Lowest

The most cost effective buy is the 500 ml size because it

represents the lowest cost per ml.
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i.e change from ax 2 +bx+c

to
ax 2 + px+qx+c

So given:

and

Q1a (ii) .
= 0.231361
(0.481)2
2.86+.75 = 3.61

(ii) For these types of quadratic expressions: change the

form of the expression from 3 terms to 4 terms , and then
factorize by grouping:

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4(2) + 2y = 6
giving:

y=

68
2

Q2.c
Now if x varies directly with y : then y x

y=kx where k is a constant

.. .. eqn 1
Now from the first column in the table, x = 6, and y = 3
Substituting these values into eqn 1
3 = k x 6 , hence k = 3 / 6 = 1/2
y = 3x
... eqn 2
The table below is completed using eqn2

10

18

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Q3.a
From the Venn Diagram shown on the past paper:
An expression for the total number of students is:
(i)
(18 x ) + x + ( 14 x) + 5

Construction of
3.

U=30

4.

11

5.

(ii)

H F

....

is False

(iii)

H F '

..

is False

now (18 x ) + x + ( 14 x) + 5
so
32+5 - x
giving
x=7

6.
7.

900

With centre P and suitable compass separation,

construct two arcs to cut the horizontal line at p1
and p2.
Now with centre p1 and suitable compass
separation, construct an arc above the horizontal
line.
With centre p2, and the same compass
separation, construct a second arc to intersect the
previous arc at P3.
Draw a line that passes through P and P3.
QPP 3 = 90 0

Constructing

60 0

With centre Q and suitable compass separation,

struct a wide arc above Q, that cuts the
horizontal line QP at P4.
9. With the same compass separation, and with
centre P4, construct a seccond arc to cut the first
arc at P5.
8.

= 30
= 30

so number of students who study both H and F = 7

10. Draw a lines though Q and P5 , and extend the

Q3b)

line to intersect the 90 0 line at R.

11. PQR = 60 0 and QPR =

Construction details for Triangle PQR

Note that the question require that you use compass, ruler
and pencil ONLY to contruct the triangle.
R

900

(Q3 b ii)
Measured length PR = 8.7cm
Measured PRQ
= 30 0

P3

P5

90o
60o
Q

P2

P1
P4

5cm

Steps:
1.
2.

Draw a straight horizontal line

Measure and mark PQ = 5cm

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Q 4a: ( see past paper for actual diagram)

480

iii) Angle w =

The top view ( plan view) of the silver box is shown below
1.5cm

1.5cm

b 100o

17cm

20cm

27cm
30cm

External Volume of Box = Length x Width x Height

= 30 x 20 x 15 = 9,000 cm3
b) The Internal length

a =1801280 =520

' s

on a straight line)

b180100=800

' s

on a straight line)

so

= 180 - ( 52+ 80 ) =

480

b ii)

= 30 (2x1.5) = 27cm

obje ct

The internal width of the box = 20 (2 x 1.5) = 17cm

Internal depth of box (no lid) = 15 - ( 1x1.5) = 13.5cm

128o

-4

(c)

im a ge

Internal volume = 27 x 17 x 13.5 =

6,196.5cm 3

d)
Volume of silver = External volume internal volume
= 9,000 6,196.5 = 2, 803.5cm3
weight of silver = 10.5 g / cm3
Mass of silver = 2,803.5 x 10.5 = 29,436.57 grams
Mass in kg
= 29,436.75/1000 = 29.437 kg

Note that the object , has moved by 4 units downwards

(y- direction), and 2 units to the right (x- direction). This
represents a translation vector : T = ( 2, - 4).

5a)
Referring to the diagram of the past paper..

b iii)

128o

Therefore: the Object (RST) is mapped to is image

( R'S'T') by a Transformation represented by a
Translation with vector : T = ( 2, - 4).

y
X

S''

R''

T''

52o

128o

Angle x = ( 180 128 ) =

because

The coordinates of the object and image are"

520

' s on a straight line =

180

Angle y = 1280
because corresponding angles are equal

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R(2,3)

R"(10, 3)

S(5,3)

S"(7, 3)

T(2,1)

T"(10, 1)

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6.a)

Q6 b

y=3-x

y=0-x
-

If the equation of the given line AB is: y = 3 x

Then the equation of a parallel line that passes through the
origin is y = 0 x ( gradients are equal , and intercept is
zero)
i e .. y = x
(ii) Equation of a perpendicular line that passes
through the mid point.
Now gradient of line AB is

1 , so the gradient of the

1
=1
perpendicular line (shown in red) is
1
A

y=3- x

Minimum value occurs when x = 1

The values of x at the which the curve and the straight
y= x

line intersect are: x = 3 and x = - 2

Now the perpendicular line passes through the mid point

of AB, so we need to find the mid point coordinates of line
AB
Now if point A refers to point 1, and point B refers to point
2, then
x 1 =0 , y 1=3,
x 2 =3 , and y2 =0
and
Let x m

and

Giving:

xm

and :

ym

ym
=
=

be the mid point coordinates

x 2 +x 2
3+0
=
= 1.5
2
2
y 2+ y 2
3+0
=
= 1.5
2
2

Now the equation of the perpendicular line is: y = mx + c,

where m = 1 and c is unknown
Using the mid point coordinates for y and x gives
1.5 = (1) x 1.5 + c giving c = 0
Hence: the equation of the perpendicular line is:
y=x
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7A

Q8 Sequence :

b) For the class ( 21-30 )

The upper class boundary is
= 30.5
The class width is (30.5 20.5) = 10
The class midpoint is (30 + 21) / 2 = 25.5

Q8 b)

(v)

The fourth fig is:

Fig

# Knots

# Strings

(N)

(K)

(S)

15

15

31

127

255

10

1023

2047

16
N

81
N

2 1

N +1

Finding the equation

Knots are increasing at the rate of , 2, then 4 , so the
increase is proportional to 2 N
Now when N = 1, K = 1 so the equation is :
K =2 N 1
Strings are increasing at the rate of 4, then 8 .. , so the
increase in proportional to : 2 N +1 .
Now when N = 1, S = 3 so the equation is :
S =2 N +1 1
(i)

K =2 4 1 = 15
S =24+1 1 = 31

( N=4)
( N=4)

(ii)

255=2 N +1 1
= 127
S =27 1

so N = 7

(iii)

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K =210 1 = 1023
S =210+1 1 = 2047
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( N=10)
( N=10)
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SECTION II
ALGEBRA and RELATIONS, FUNCTIONS, GRAPHS

Now:

Q9 . a)
Given f(x) as seen on the past paper:
To find
Let
then

y = 2x 7
x = 2y 7
x+7
y=
2

so
giving:

f ( x) =

( interchange x and y)
( make y the subject)

(5 ) =

so :

(5)

where:

x+7
2

5+7
2

5+5
=
2

(5)

...(1)

means

put f

(5) into

g ( x)

=6

(5)

61

g 1 (6)

This is the required proof since

(2)
eqn (1) = eqn (2)

(ii) To find

g ( x)

Let
then
so

x 2 +1
y 2 +1
x1

y=
x=
y=

( fg )1 (5) =

Also:

( x)

1
( fg ) (5) =

To Show that

( interchange x and y)
( make y the subject)

giving: g1 ( x) = x1

(iii) To find
so

ie put g into f

fg ( x)

2 (x 2+1)7
= 2x 2+27
= 2x 25

fg ( x) =

To find

( fg ) ( x)

ie. the inverse of

fg ( x)

Let

y=

2x 25

then

x=

2y 25

( interchange x and y)

x +5
2

( make y the subject)

so

y2 =
y =

x+5
2

giving: ( fg )1 ( x) =

x+5
2

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9b- Travel Graphs

Given the graph as shown on the past paper.
The following is a summary of the important details as extracted from the Graph:

i) Car leaves Town A at 6.00 am and arrives at Town C at

8:30am or ( 2 hrs + 30 mins)

ii) Car stopped for 30 mins at Town B, and 15 mins at

Town C for a total time stopped = 30 + 15 = 45mins

(iii) During Stage2 : The distance covered = 60km in a time

of 60 mins (1 hr)
so speed = distance /time = 60/1 = 60 km/h

(iv)

Total distance
time taken
Total distance = 40km + 60km + 100Km = 200 km
Time = (60+60+75) mins = 3hrs + 15min = 3.25hrs
Average speed while car is moving =

giving average speed = 200 / 3.25 = 61.5 km/h

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Q.10 Measurement, Geometry and Trigonometry

(iv)Finding

JGH

T
H

90

68

44

Finding EHF
Quadrilaterlaeral HOFE forms a Kite because HE and FE
are tangents. Therefore HE and FE are equal in length and
so Triangle HFE is an isoseles triangle.
Hence EHF is the base angle of Triangle HFE
1
(180 44) = 680
so EHF =
2

(ii)Finding

JGH = 900
Because angles subtended at the circumference from the
diameter = 90 0
( aka: angles in a semi-circle)
10b) (ii)Finding
T

18o

FGH

116.9m
68

181.8m
90

H
68

40o 140o

22o
150m

TSR = ( 180 40)

Now
= 1400 ...
( because angles on a straight line = 180)

FGH = EHF = 680 , because angle

between tangent HE and chord HF = angle FGH in the
alternate segment
(iii)Finding

RTS

Giving RTS = 180 - (140+22) =

because angles in triangle RTS
=

180
1800

(ii)Finding length TS

JHE

Now using the sine rule:

t
r
=
sinT
sinR
90

H
O

90

where:
and :

t = 150m, T =18 0 , R=220

r = length TS ( the unknown)

hence:

r= t

E
J

JHE = 90 0 because angle between Tangent and

radius = 900 at the point of tangency

so:
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150

Sin22
= 181.8m
sin18

(iii) Finding Height FT

Now: Sin 40 =

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sinR
sinT

FT
181.8

FT = 181.1 x sin40 = 116.9 m

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11. A ) - Vectors & Matrices

(b) Finding x (matrices)

( )
()
( )
2
2

Now for the matrix go be singular, the determinant must

be equal to zero.

O
B=

6
1

ie

O
C=

10
4

The Position vector of point A(2, - 2 ) is

O
A=

The Position vector of point B(6, 1) is

The Position vector of point C(10,4) is

34 2x=0

giving

x=6

(c)
C

NP
B

if NP =

O
A

A
B

Now

A O+O
B

O
A+O
B

O
BO
A

() ( ) = ()
6
2

1
2

4
3

()
x
y

( ) ( ) = ()
10
2

4
2

8
6

where:

(ii)
Now if points ABC are collinear, then the relationship
= k AB
will exist, where k is a real number.
AC

()
()

8
6
and since : A B= 4
3

then

=
AC

A C=2
A
B

which can be written as:

()
4
3

( k = 2)

This proves that points ABC are collinear.

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2 1
3
4

1 2 1
5 3
4

N 1 =

O
OC
A

N=

To find x , y, note that

A O+O
C

Adjoint N
Determinant N

and Determinant N = (2 x 4) (3 x 1) = 5
so

Note that:

PN

N 1

where adjoint

+O C

= A O

AC

6 21
7 17

then NP

N 1 =

Now

:
AC

AC

1 5
2 1

19 11
11 4

cii) Finding

A
B

A
B =

Finding

4 1
3 2

Therefore Matrix multiplication is NOT commutative

Finding Vector
Now

( )( ) ( )
( )

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()
x
y

so

( ) ()

N 1 =

4 1
3 2

( )
4 1
3 2

1
2

( )
) ()

1 2 1
5 3
4

= 1 2 1
5 3
4

1
2

giving

x=

1
5

and

y=

1
(-3x1 + 4x2) = 1
5

(2x1 - 1x2) = 0

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