Reinforced Concrete Project

2-Storey Residential House

Lot 13, Block 2, Silay-Lantad Rd., Mallery Estate Subdivision,
Silay City, Negros Occidental

A design Project Presented to the Faculty of the

Department of Civil Engineering
College of Engineering
De La Salle University

In Partial Fulfillment of
The Requirements of the Course
Reinforced Concrete Design Laboratory (LBYCVD1)

Submitted by:
Ron Oliver Lonzaga
11122544

Submitted to Dr. Lessandro Garciano

August 27, 2014

1 | Page

Table of Contents
1.0 Design Criteria 1
1.1 General Provision

1.2 Applied Codes, Standards and references

1.3 Design Methodology

1.3.1 Assumptions

1.3.2 Design Loads

1.4 Load Combinations

1.5 Software used in design2

2.0 Design

2.1Design components

2.2 Critical Parts to be considered 4

2.3 Design of Slabs

2.4 Design of Beams

11

2.5 Design of Columns

14

2.6 Summary of Design

16

APPENDIX

2 | Page

17

1.0

Design Criteria
1.1

General Provision

The Following design criterion and description are anticipated for the design
of a 2-storey residential house located at Lot 13, Block 2, Silay-Lantad Rd., Mallery
Estate Subdivision, Silay City, Negros Occidental.

1.2

Applied Codes, Standards and References

Design of this project was done with the aid of the following:

a. National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume 1, sixth edition,

Association of structural Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP), (2010).
1.3

Design Methodology

1.3.1 Assumptions:
As per of this Section in
NSCP
401.2.2
403.6.3
408.6.1

Parameter

408.6.2
410.3.7

Value
Fc
Fy
Ec

21 MPa
415
4700 fc '

Es
1
of concrete

200,000 MPa
0.85
23.6

1.3.2 Design Loads

The following loads were assumed for the design of the project:
1.3.2.1 Dead Loads
floor finishes
ceramic tile

1.1 KPa

floor fill
lightweight concrete per mm
with thickness of 25mm

0.015
0.375 KPa

ceilings
suspended metal lath and gypsum plaster
gypsum board per mm
1 | Page

0.48 KPa
0.008

with thickness of 10mm

0.08 KPa

window, glass, frame and sash

exterior stud walls 50x150
plywood per mm thickness
with thickness of 15mm

0.38 KPa
0.57 KPa
0.006
0.09 KPa

frame walls

material density
23.6 KN/m3

concrete
Total Dead Load

3.075 KPa

1.3.2.2 Live Loads

Residential basic floor
area
1.4

1.9 KPa

Load combinations
1.2 DL + 1.6 LL

Where:
DL

Dead Load

LL

Live Load

1.5

Software used in design

1. Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet

for computations

2. GRASP
Analysis

Structural

3. LBYCVN1 term final Project

design

two-way

2 | Page

slab

2.0

Design
2.1 Designed components

3 | Page

2.2

Critical Parts to be considered

2.2.1

Slabs

Two-way slab
Long Span:

3.225 m

Short Span:

2.844 m

Ratio(m):

0.881860465

4 | Page

One-way Slab
Long Span:

3.01 m

Short Span:

1.25 m

Ratio:

2.408

2.2.2 Beams

5 | Page

2.2.3 Column

2.3

Design of Slabs
For two-way Slab
2.3.1a Check the preliminary thickness of 150mm for minimum thickness
requirement unless deflections are computed.
According to section 409.6.3.1, the minimum thickness is a function of (a) the
longer clear span ln of the slab panel; (b) the ratio beta of the longer clear span to the
shorter clear span; (c) the yield strength of the reinforcement; and (d) the average for
the four values for relative stiffness of a panel perimeter beam compared to the slab.
Section 409.6.3.2 for slabs with beams spanning between the supports on all
sides, the minimum thickness shall be as follows:

6 | Page

Assuming the

Assumed h

> 2.0

then

76.52697467 mm
=

150 mm

2.3.2a calculating factored load per unit area of slab

Self-weight

3.54 KPa

Dead Load from components

3.075 KPa

Live Load

1.9 KPa

Wu

1.2 DL + 1.6 LL

Wu

1.2 (Self-weight + Dead Load) + 1.6 (Live Load)

Wu

10.978 KPa

2.3.3a calculating the required bending strengths using coefficient method

From case 9 continuity case with ratio of shorter/longer spans that is m =
0.881860465, coefficients taken from the table of coefficients are as follows:
ca neg
cb neg
ca pos dl
cb pos dl
ca pos ll
cb pos ll
7 | Page

0.0696
0.0234
0.0268
0.0142
0.0372
0.0212

The bending moments are computed by using the following formulas:

The computed bending moments are as follows:

6.18004
5
2.67176
7
1.7207
1.17235
4
0.91469
4
0.67029
9
2.63539
3
1.84265
4

-Ma
-Mb
+Ma Dead Load
+Mb Dead Load
+Ma Live Load
+Mb Live Load
+Ma Total
+Mb Total

KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm

2.3.4a Check Shear Strength

Coefficients for shear, taken from the table of coefficients, are as follows:
Ca

0.766

Cb

0.234

Therefore:
Wb(load transmitted to the longer beam)
end shear at shorter
Wa(load transmitted to the shorter
beam)
end shear at longer

8 | Page

8.409148
11.95780846
2.568852
4.14227385

KPa
KN
KPa
KN

 Design shear strength Vc=(1/6)

f ' c bwd=84.39576905 KN which is

greater than end shear at shorter which is 11.95780846 KN.

2.3.5a determining the As and reinforcements

Moment
-Ma
-Mb
+Ma Total
+Mb Total

KNm
6.18004
5
2.67176
7
2.63539
3
1.84265
4

125.4698159

As min
404.8192771

Use Asmin

53.93169724

404.8192771

Use Asmin

49.06407

438.5542

Use Asmin

34.2598

438.5542

Use Asmin

As(sq mm)

Moment

Bar
diameter(mm)

No. of
bars

Spacing mm
per 1000mm

-Ma
-Mb
+Ma Total
+Mb Total

10
10
10
10

6
6
6
6

190
190
190
190

Greater than
minimum
spacing?
check
check
check
check

For one-way Slab

2.3.1b Establish the thickness of Slab
The ratio of the long and the short spans being 2.408, the slab is one-way. Unless
deflections are computed, Sec. 409.6 provides that for slabs with both ends continuous,
minimum thickness h=L/28=1250/28=44.64 mm. To make this even with the two-way slab,
try h=150 mm
2.3.2b Obtain the required bending strength.
Assuming:
Dead Load (including self-weight)

6.615 KPa

Live Load

1.9 KPa

Total Uniform Load

10.978 KPa

Using the moment coefficients of Sec. 408.4.3, the required bending strengths at the
critical sections are as follows:
9 | Page

at interior
supports

Mu
neg
Mu
pos
Mu
neg

at midspan
at exterior
supports

1.90590
3
1.22522
3
0.71471
4

kNm per meter width

of slab
kNm per meter width
of slab
kNm per meter width
of slab

2.3.3b Determine the reinforcement required for bending.

Assume a concrete cover of 40mm to the surface of the bar, and anticipating 12mm
diameter bars, the effective depth d=104mm. the minimum reinforcement Asmin = (1.4/fy)bd
= 438.5542mm per meter width of slab. The maximum reinforcement ratio allowed (for
singly-reinforced section) is 0.75pb = 0.00253 for the specified material strengths. The
maximum design bending strength Mn = Kubd2 =13.77847 KNm per meter widthof slab.
For specified material strengths, Mn=Asfy(d-Asfy/(1.7fcb))
at interior
supports

Mu
neg

1.90590
3

kNm per meter width of

slab

at midspan

Mu pos

1.22522
3

kNm per meter width of

slab

at exterior
supports

Mu
neg

0.71471
4

kNm per meter width of

slab

As= 49.28275 sq mm, use

Asmin=438.5542 with
spacing = 390 mm
As=31.63162 sq mm, use
Asmin=438.5542 with
spacing = 390 mm
As= 18.42996 sq mm, use
Asmin=438.5542 with
spacing = 390 mm

2.3.4b Check for shear

From sec. 408.4.3 the maximum required shear strength occurs at the face of the fisrt
interior support equal to Vu= 19.00017 Kn per meter width of Slab. The design shear is
located at d distance from the face of the support and is equal to Vu= 17.85846 KN. This is
very much less than the design shear strength of Vc=( f ' c /6)bd=84.39577 Kn per
meter width.
2.3.5b Provide temp. and shrinkage reinforcement in the long direction
As= 0.002x1250x150=375mm sq mm per meter width of slab. Use 12mm at 374 mm
spacing. Which is less than 5 time the h which is 750mm so this can be adopted.

10 | P a g e

2.4 Design of Beams

2.4.1 Critical beam

Slab 3

Slab 2

Slab 1

Critical beam being considered

Length

5.75 m

Assumed h

350 mm

Assumed b

200 mm

2.4.2 Total load carried by the beam

Equations being utilized for two-way slabs:
wa=wA / 4

wb=wa(2

A
)
B

From Slab 1
Dimension:
11 | P a g e

3.225m x 2.475m; using equation for wb

wb

8.727479364 KN per meter

From Slab 2
Dimension:

2.475 m x 2.9m; using equation for wa

Wa

6.792638 KN per meter

From Slab 3
Dimension:

2.9 m x 1.01 m
W

5.489 KN per meter

Total Dead Load

25.78111686 KN/m

Total Load

31.54534024 KN/m

2.4.3

Required beam Bending Moment

Mu = wL2/14= 74.49770083 KN-m
'

f c 600
Using the equation b=.85 1 fy ( 600+ fy ) ,

b= 0.021611965

And since =0.75 b then =0.016208974

2
Since Mn=Kub d , we first solve for Ku

fy
using the equation Ku=fy (10.59 f ' c )

Ku = 5.459250255
Mu
2
Using b d = Ku

and taking b as 200mm, we get d as 275.34 mm but sticking to the

engineering d is computed to be 286 mm

Solving for Mn , we get a value of 80.37807009 Kn-m which greater than Mu so we

will be using a singly reinforced beam.

12 | P a g e

2.4.4 Calculation for Area of Steel, number of bars and Spacing

Since As=bd we get an area of steel as 927.1533029mm2. Number of bars was
determined to be 2 if bar diameter is 28mm and spacing to be 44 mm which is >25mm which
is minimum.
200mm

350mm

286mm

2@28mmdiameter
44m
50m
m
m

13 | P a g e

50m
m

40m
m

2.5 Design of columns

a.

Using GRASP

Pn was determined to be 109.38 KN and bending Moment was 42.81 KN-m

b. Using Microsoft excel eb was determined and compared with e

14 | P a g e

diamete
350 r

h
young
modulus
fy
f'c
b
L
unit weight

26875 d
415 d'
21
200
5.75
23.6

Ag

70000

16
286
64

Cb

169.064

As
As'
Ac
under balanced
condition
T
Cc
Cs'
Pb
eccentricity
eb

402.123
9
402.123
9
69195.7
5

fs'
a

166.881
4
513.024
8
149.938
8
496.082
2

372.867
1
143.704
4

Mn

42.81

Pn

109.38

177.560
1 <
e
Tension fail

391.387
8

iteration
c
c=
a=
fs'=
Cc=
Cs'=
T=
P=
e=
M=

97
82.45
72.4603
2
294.346
5
29.1380
2
166.881
4
156.603
1
390.377
7
61.1343
6

<

cb

35.5084 %
0.25843
2 %
-35.258 %

It was confirmed that the column will experience tension failure. The iteration showed
that there is a discrepancy in P and M from the values obtained from using GRASP. The
inconsistency was within 35% for both P and N. This may have been due to some aspect of
loading in the GRASP that was placed.

350mm
15 | P a g e

200mm
2@16mmdiameter

2@16mmdiameter

64

64

2.6 Summary of Design:

For slabs:
Two-way Slab: thickness of 150mm; cover: 25mm
Diameter of bars for top:

10mm

Diameter of bars for bottom: 10mm

No. of bars for top for -Ma: 6 pcs. /1000m

Spacing:

190mm

No. of bars for top for Mb: 6pcs. /1000m

Spacing:

190mm

No. of bars for top for +Ma: 6 pcs. /1000m Spacing:

190mm

No. of bars for top for +Mb: 6pcs. /1000m Spacing:

190mm

One-way Slab: thickness of 150mm; cover: 40mm

At interior support:
Diameter of bars:

12mm

No. of bars:

Spacing:

390mm

12mm

No. of bars:

Spacing:

390mm

At Midspan:
Diameter of bars:
At Exterior Support:

16 | P a g e

Diameter of bars:

12mm

No. of bars:

Spacing:

390mm

Beam (singly reinforced)

Cover: 50mm

h:

350mm

b:

200mm

d:

Diameter of bars:

28

No. of bars:

2pcs. Spacing:

44mm

200mm

d:

286

64

2pcs

No. of bars for As:

286

Column:
h:

350mm

b:

e:

97mm

No of bars for As:

Bar Diameters:

17 | P a g e

16mm

d:

2pcs

Appendix

1 | Page

2 | Page

3 | Page