problems

A receiver is tuned to 3-30 MHz frequency range of 40.525 MHz:

(i) Find the range of local oscillator frequency and image frequency. It is an AM receiver with'
each channel occupying 10KHz bandwidth.
(ii) Draw Frequency response of IF and AF amplifiers.

A FM signal is given by :
V = 10 sin [5 x 10 e + 4 sin 1250 e].
Find: (i) Carrier and Modulating Frequencies.
(ii) Modulation Index and Maximum deviation.
(iii) The Power dissipated by this FM wave in a 5 Q resistor

The AM transmitter developes an unmodulated power output of 400 watts, across a 50 Q load. The 10
, carrier is modulated by a sinusoidal signal with a modulation index 0.8.
, Assuming FM = 5 KHz and Fc = 1 MHz
(I) Find the Vc and write equation of AM
(ii) Find the total power of the modulated output.

Define Amplitude Modulation and derive the equation for Amplitude Modulated wave. 10
A certain transmitter radiates 9 kW with the carrier unmodulated and 10.125 kW 10
when the carrier is sinusoidally modulated.
Calculate the modulation index.
If another sinewave, corresponding to 40 percent modulation, is transmitted
simultaneously, determine the total radiated power.

Find the carrier and modulating frequencies the modulation index and 10
the maximum deviation of the FM wave represented by the voltage equation
e = 12 Sin ( 6 x 108t + 5 Sin 1250 t). What power will this FM wave dissipate in
a 10 Q resistor?

) Find the Fourier Transform of the following:

(i) 8(t)
(ii) Coswot

Calculate total power and power in each sideband for standard AM transmission that is sinusoidally modulated to depth of
80% if the unmodulated carrier power is
50kW.
(b) The carrierfrequencyof FMbroadcasttransmitteris 100MHzand maximumfrequency deviation is 75 KHz. If the highest
audio frequency modulating the carrier is
15 KHz, what is the approximate bandwidth of the signal.

(b) An RC reactance modulator is used to vary the frequency of a 90 MHz oscillator 10

by :t 75 KHz. An FET whose gmvaries linearly with gate voltage from zero to
0.8 ms is used in conjuction with a resistance whose value is 1/10 of capacitive
reactance used. Calculate inductance and capacitance of oscillator tuned circuit.

(b) An AM signal appears across a 50 (2 load and has the following equation.
V(') = 10(1 + sin 21tx 10 x 103 t) sin 41t x 106 t
(i) Calculate the modulation index, sideband frequencies, total power and 6
bandwidth.
(ii) Sketch the envelopeof SSB signal in time domain. Also draw the spectrum 4
of SSB signal.

Explain the term thermal noise. Prive that noise voltage VN== .J4KTBR .
For electronic device operating at a temperature of 17°C with a band width of 10
KHz, determine: (i) thermal noise power in dBm. (ii) rms noise voltage for a 100Q
internal resistance and a 100Q load resistance.

a) A receiver connected to an antenna whose resistance is 50Q has an equivalent noise resistance of 30Q.
Calculate the receiver's noise figure in decibles and'its equivalent noise temperature

What are the different methods of FM generation? Sketch the circuit and explain
the principle of reactance modulator.
If the modulating frequency in FM system is 400 KHz and modulating voltage is
2-4 V, and Mf = 60. ..
Calculate :-
(i) Maximum deviation..
(ii) Modulation index when modulating frequency is reduced to 250 Hz and
modulating voltage is simultaneously raised to 3.2 V.

In an AM receiver having no RF stage, the loaded Q of the aerial coupling circuit is 125. If the 10
intermediate frequency is 465 KHz,
find: (i) The image frequency and its rejection at 1 MHz and 30MHz.
(ii) The IF required to make ttie image rejection ratio as good at 30 MHz as it is an MHz.

A continuous time signal X(t) = 5 sin 2000 7t t+ 7sin 40007tt is to be sampled. Calculate 4
the minimum. sampling frequency

A carrier wave Vc = 4 sin [ 21t x 500 x 103 t] is amplitude modulated by an audio wave 10
\ Vm= 0.2 sin [C27tx500 t)] + 0.1 sin 5 [ (2 7tx 500t)]. .

In an FM system, the audio frequency is 1KHz.and audio voltage is 2 volts. The deviation is
4 KHz. If the AF voltage is now increased to 8 volts and its frequency dropped to 500. Hz, find
the modulation index in each case and approximate band width of the signal.

A 25 MHz carrier is modulated by a 400 Hz audio sinewave. If the carrier 5

voltage is 4 V and maximum deviation is 10KHz. Write the equation of
modulatedwave for FM. If the modulating frequency is now changed to 2 KHz,
all else remaining constant, write the new equation for FM.

For anAM broadcast-band Superheterodyne Receiver with RF and IF (12)

frequencies 8of 600 KHz and 455 KHz respectively.
Determine :-
(i) Local Oscillator frequency
(ii) Image frequency .
(iii) Image frequency rejection ratio for a preselector Q of 100.
(b) Draw the block diagram of SSB generation using phase shift method to generate upper side band. What changes are
required to generate lower side band

A sinusoidal carrier has an amplitude of 10V and a frequency of 100 kHz. It is 12

amplitude modulated by a sinusoidal voltage of amplitude 3V aDd frequency
500 Hz. Modulated voltage is developed across 75 Q resistance:
(i) Write the equation for the modulated wave.
(ii) Determine the modulation index.
(iii) Draw the spectrum of modulated wave
(iv) Calculate the total average power
(v) Calculate the power carried by sidebands

An AM transmitter developes an unmodulated power output of 100 watts across a 10n load. The carrier is modulated by a
sinusoidal signal with a modulation index of 0,5.
,
Assuming fm= 5 KHz and fc = 2 MHz:
, (i) Write the equation of AM. -
(ii)' Find the total power of the modulated output.
(iii) Draw the spectrum.

A FM signal is given by V = 5 sin [6 x 106t + 2 sin 1000 t].

Find:
(i) Carrier and modulating frequencies.
(ii) Modulation index and maximum deviation.
(iii) The power dissipated by this FM wave in a 5Q resistor.

A 5 kW unmodulated carrier is simultaneously modulated by two audio signals with modulations index 80% and 50%. Find the
transmitted power and effective modulation index. Also find the antenna current with and without modulating
signal' assuming antenna resistance of 50 Om

A modulating signal 5 cos 27t 15 x 103t, angle modulates a carrier A cQs wet 4
with deviation 75 kHz. Find the modulation index and bandwidth for FM. -