DESIGN OF THE LARGEST ULTRAFILTRATION PLANT IN

SWEDEN
FRANS KNOPS, MARK STEGGINK, ROB KOLKMAN

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Contents
POTABLE WATER PRODUCTION FROM SURFACE WATER
Introduction
Piloting

Full scale design

Comparison
Germany
USA
Conclusions

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Introduction
SWEDEN WATER SUPPLY IN GTEBORG REGION

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Introduction
LACKAREBCK EXISTING CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT PLANT

Intake system
Coagulant
Coagulation

Flocculation

Sedimentation

Granular activated carbon

Network feeding

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Introduction
CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT PLANT:
Capacity 80,000 m3/day
Robust barrier for microbiology:
99.99% for viruses
99% for protozoans
90% for bacteria

Expansion of capacity (ultimately 186,000 m3/day)

Additional disinfection for elimination of waterborne diseases

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Piloting
NEW WATER TREATMENT OPTIONS
1. Ultrafiltration additional to existing
treatment Coagulation / flocculation /
sedimentation / GAC filtration

2. Nanofiltration instead of coagulation /

sedimentation / GAC
- Sandfiltration pretreatment
- Biofilter pretreatment

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Piloting
BASED ON PILOTING
1. Both membrane systems meeting requirements for removal
rate of micro biology (surrogate viruses)
4.7 5.5 LRV for ultrafiltration
7.7 8.3 LRV for nanofiltration

2. Both membrane systems experiencing irreversible fouling

Chemical cleaning ineffective in restoring performance
3. Alternative membranes evaluated
- smaller pore size
less pore plugging
- more hydrophilic
less biofouling
- higher chemical resistance
better cleanability

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Piloting
1. Ultrafiltration membrane
Poly ether sulfone
Inside out
Pressurized
2. Pilot plant
Two membrane elements
Containerized
Remote monitoring
3. Pilot study
Two locations
Different pretreatment options
Two periods

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Piloting
Overview of performance at different locations
Permeability and flux as function of time
1000

120

900
100

700
80

300
200

Alelyckan, after GAC filter

100
0
09-Feb-06
00:00:00

40

Transport

400

60

Alelyckan, before GAC filter

500

0
31-Mar-06
00:00:00

20-May-06
00:00:00

09-Jul-06
00:00:00

28-Aug-06
00:00:00
Time

Permeability

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20

Lackereback, after GAC filter

Flux

17-Oct-06
00:00:00

06-Dec-06
00:00:00

25-Jan-07
00:00:00

16-Mar-07
00:00:00

Flux (lm2h)

600

Commissioning period

Permeability (l/m2hbar at 20 C)

800

Piloting
CHALLENGE TESTING WITH INDICATOR SUBSTANCES
Phages counts per 100 ml
25-Oct-06
time

remark

OX174
feed

0
0
10
dosing
141000
20
dosing
214000
30
dosing
173000
40
dosing
155000
50
dosing
150000
58
dosing
177000
63
after 1st bw
127
Phages
65 counts per 100 ml 36
67
55
6-Dec-06
123
after 2nd bw OX174 15
8
time 125
remark
feed
-5
blanco
0
5
dosing
49750000
15
dosing
48500000
25
dosing
49000000
45
dosing
49250000
66
391
86
191
127
156
157
96
188
92
249
10
-7

blanco

-2

blanco

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29 nanometer
permeate
removal rate (%) log removal
0
0
2
99.99858156
4.8
0
100.0
4
99.99768786
4.6
0
100
4
99.99733333
4.6
6
99.99661017
4.5
4
96.8503937
1.5
0
100
2
96.36363636
1.4
0
100
29 nanometer
2 removal rate (%)
75 log removal
0.6
permeate
0
3
99.99999397
7.2
3
99.99999381
7.2
3
100.00
7.2
3
99.99999391
7.2
3
99.23273657
2.1
0
100
0
100
0
100
0
100
0
100

28B
feed
0
0
300000000
327000000
359000000
359000000
332000000
318000000
207000
133000
121000
28B 19000
feed 13000
0
677200000
554500000
604500000
663600000
186
240
180
120
95
40

55 nanometer
permeate removal rate (%) log removal
0
0
13
99.99999567
7.4
65
99.99998012
6.7
102
99.99997159
6.5
220
99.99993872
6.2
245
99.9999262
6.1
367
99.99988459
5.9
83
99.95990338
3.4
28
99.97894737
3.7
33
99.97272727
3.6
8
99.95789474
3.4
55 nanometer
3
99.97692308
3.6
permeate removal rate (%) log removal
0
0
100
3
99.99999946
8.3
3
99.9999995
8.3
3
99.99999955
8.3
0
100
1
99.58333333
2.4
1
99.44444444
2.3
0
100
0
100
0
100

Piloting
Overview of performance over 18 months

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11

Piloting

Overview of performance over backwash and CEB cycles

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Piloting
SUMMARY PILOT PLANT RESULTS

Stable performance in both locations over all 4 seasons

93 lmh flux rate on GAC filtered water
80 lmh flux rate on settled water
Near total removal of viruses

Full scale design based on piloting

Existing treatment:
organics removal
higher UF flux rates, lower investment
Modular design
Scalability to match current and future demand profiles

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Introduction
LACKAREBCK EXISTING CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT PLANT
Intake system
Coagulant
Coagulation

Flocculation

Sedimentation

Granular activated carbon

Ultrafiltration system

Network feeding
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Full scale design

Installation in three phases
1. Phase 1
42,750 m3/day nett UF capacity
partial treatment of plant output
2. Phase 2
93,000 m3/day
full treatment of existing plant output
3. Phase 3
186,000 m3/day
expansion of water treatment works

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Full scale design

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Full scale design

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Full scale design

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Full scale design

KEY DATA UF PLANT
No of UF skids
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
No of pressure vessels per skid

Expandable to
Total membrane surface area UF plant
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3

4 skids
8 skids
16 skids
30 (phase 1),
34 (phase 2 & 3)
40

19,200 m2
43,520 m2
87,040 m2

Note: phase 1 and 2 executed simultaneously

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Comparison
GERMANY
START UP:
CAPACITY:

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ROETGEN
2005
160,000 M3/DAY

Comparison
ROETGEN TREATMENT SCHEME
Feed tower
Turbine or
Booster pump
NaOH / CO2 + Coagulant
Ultrafiltration
CO2
Limestone filter

NaOH + Cl2 / ClO2

Disinfection contact time

Network feeding

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Comparison

Temperature [deg C]

Trans Membrane Pressure[ mbar]

Permeability [ lmh/bar]
Flux [lmh]

OPERATIONAL DATA FROM 1ST JULY 2006 TO 30TH JUNE 2009

Flux

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Trans Membrane Pressure

Permeability

Temperature

Comparison

Turbidity [NTU]

Permeability [lmh/bar @ 20 deg C]

OPERATIONAL DATA FROM 1ST JULY 2006 TO 30TH JUNE 2009

Permeability

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Turbidity

Comparison
OPERATIONAL DATA DURING TURBIDITY SPIKE (28TH SEPTEMBER 2007)

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Comparison

Reduction

Aluminium dose rate [mg/l]

OPERATIONAL DATA: ORGANICS REMOVAL VERSUS COAGULANT

DOSE RATE

Reduction of UV254
abs

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Reduction in TOC

Aluminium dose rate

Comparison
USA
Start up:
Capacity:

Keokuk Iowa
2006
53,000 m3/day (final)

Treatment scheme
Coagulation
Pre-sedimentation
Coagulation
Softening / Clarification
Recarbonisation
Chlorination
Ultrafiltration
Potabilisation

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Comparison

Standardized skid.
Suitable for vertical membrane
cartridges
Installed underneath claricones
Capacity per skid
8,600 m3/day (summer)
4,800 m3/day (winter)
Expansion in increments of one
skid
Final plant: 6 skids

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Comparison

Skid # 1 after 21 months of operation (June 2008)

Ri

Ri_Temp
Skid 1 Resistance

Flux

60

0.130
0.120
0.110
0.100

40

0.090
30

0.080
0.070

20

0.060
0.050

10

0.040
0

0.030
6/2

6/3

6/4

6/5

6/6
Date

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6/7

6/8

6/9

Resistance (psi/gfd)

Flux (gfd), Temp (C)

50

Comparison

Skid # 1 after 22 months of operation (July 2008)

Ri

Ri_Temp

Flux

0.130

60

0.120

0.100
40

0.090
0.080

30
0.070
20

0.060
0.050

10
0.040
0
7/1

7/2

7/3

7/4

7/5
Date

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7/6

7/7

7/8

7/9

0.030
7/10

Resistance (psid/GFD)

Temp & Flux (deg C, GFD)

0.110
50

Conclusions
POTABLE WATER PRODUCTION FROM SURFACE WATER
Coagulation for reduction of organics
Depending on feed water quality
Softening for reduction of hardness and turbidity
pH correction
Activated carbon

Ultrafiltration for removal of suspended solids

Ultrafiltration as micro biological barrier
Post treatment
Remineralization
Disinfection
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Conclusions
POTABLE WATER PRODUCTION FROM SURFACE WATER
Ultrafiltration is a viable technology for potable water production

Reliable reduction of turbidity and suspended matter

Robust barrier for micro biology
Capable of handling water quality upsets
Modular design
Easy to scale up in different phases
Competitive to conventional technology in investment
Lower operating costs as conventional treatment

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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