blogNama : Mokhammad Saddam Yusuf

Kelas

: EK-3B

No.Absen : 13

Transistor
Transistor is an electronics component that has three terminals, namely Base,
Collector and Emitter. Transistor was categorized in semiconductor active component
because does need current for doing the function. Transistor can be made of Silicon,
Germanium, or Gallium Arsenide base materials. While packing of transistors usually
made of plastic, metal, surface mount, and also some types of transistors packed into a
container that called IC (integrated circuit).
Transistor is a very important component in electronic devices. In general
transistor has many function, such as : transistor can be used as an amplifier, transistor
can be used as high-speed switch (switching electronics), transistor can be used as the
regulator voltage stability, transistor can be used as the modulation signal, transistor can
be used as the low or high frequency generator, and some types of transistors can also
be arranged as a series of logic gates.
1. Types of transistor
In general, types of transistors and working principle transistor divided into many
types. And now I will tell you about it one by one.
a. Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)
Bipolar junction transistor is a type of transistor that is most widely used in
electronic circuits. Bipolar junction transistor is a types of transistors that has
three parts of the layer of semiconductor material, which can be divided into
two types, namely : the layer of PNP (Positive-Negative-Positive) and the layer
of NPN (Negative-Positive-Negative).
Bipolar junction transistor is a type of transistor that has three terminals,
namely base (B), collector (C), and emitter (E). In electronic circuits, bipolar
transistor has a function as a regulator of electric current. In other words, the
transistor can limit the current flowing from the collector to the emitter,
depending on the type of transistor PNP or NPN.
b. Field Effect Transistor (FET)

Field effect transistor is a type of transistor that can generate signals to control
other components. Field effect transistor is a type of transistor that has a three
terminals, namely : Drain (D), Source (S), and Gate (G). The working principle
of this transistor is to control the flow of electrons from source to drain through
the terminal voltage applied to gate terminal.
Besides being used as an amplifier, a field effect transistor can also be used as a
switch. To operate as a switch, it must require setting the current through the
base terminal of transistor. If the base terminal of transistor given a large current
until it reaches saturation point, in this condition transistor reffered to as the
switch in closed position. Whereas if the base terminal of transistor given a small
current to reach the cut-off condition, in this condition the transistor reffered to
as the switch in open position.
c. Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET)
Junction field effect transistor is the transistor included in the type of FET.
JFET is a component which has three terminals where a terminal can control the
flow between two other terminals.
Junction field effect transistor has a three terminals, namely : Drain,
Source, and Gate. The working principle of this transistor is to control the flow
of electrons from source to drain through the terminal voltage applied to gate
terminal. JFET consists of two types, namely JFET canal P and JFET canal N.
JFET usually made of silicon or germanium base materials.
d. Metal Oxide Semiconduktor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET)
MOSFET is a transistor included in the type of FET that has three
terminals, namely Drain, Source and Gate. MOSFET has a very high input
impedance. MOSFET has a high price, therefore the MOSFET is only used on
the parts that really need it.
In electronics circuit, MOSFET can be used as an RF amplifier in the
receiver to obtain a high amplification with low noise. As with the FET, there are
two kinds of MOSFET, namely MOSFET canal P and MOSFET canal N.
MOSFET usually made of silicon or germanium base materials.
2. The characteristic of transistor
Transistors can be used for three different things: cut-off mode, linear mode
amplifier, and saturation mode. To select transistor function can use the
characteristics of each of these work areas. In addition to making the function rather

than the transistor, the transistor characteristics can also be used to analyze current
and voltage transistor.

The characteristics of each transistor work area can be seen as follows :

a. Cut-off area
When emitter diode given reverse bias. Consequently does not occur the
movement of electrons, so that the base current, IB = 0. Similarly, the current
collector, IC = 0, or so-called ICEO (Flow Collector to emitter at current prices
Base is 0).
b. Saturation area
When emitter diode given forward bias. Collectors also given a diode forward
bias. As a result the collector current IC will reach the maximum price, but does
not depend on base current IB and dc. This causes the transistors into
components that can not be controlled.
c. Active area
When emitter diode given forward bias. Collector diode bias given reverse bias.
Resulting properties desired transistor, which transistors can be controlled.
d. Breakdown area
When collectors given diode reverse bias voltage exceeds its breakdown, so the
collector current IC will exceed the specifications are allowed. This can cause
damage transistors.
3. The application of transistor

Transistor is a very important component in electronic devices. In general

transistor has many function, such as : transistor can be used as an amplifier,
transistor can be used as high-speed switch (switching electronics), transistor can be
used as the regulator voltage stability, transistor can be used as the modulation
signal, transistor can be used as the low or high frequency generator, and some
types of transistors can also be arranged as a series of logic gates.
And now, I will tell you about one application of the transistor in electronics
circuit is transistor can be used as a switching electronics.
Working principle of transistor as an switching electronics :

In general, to operate transistor as a switch, it must require setting the

current through the base terminal of transistor. If the base terminal of transistor
given a large current until it reaches saturation point, in this condition transistor
reffered to as the switch in closed position. Whereas if the base terminal of
transistor given a small current to reach the cut-off condition, in this condition the
transistor reffered to as the switch in open position.
Actually series and types of transistors having different specifications
depending on the current required to achieve saturation or cut-off. But usually not
too much different except made from different semiconductor materials (silicon or
germanium).

Transistor

As an amplifier
As a switching
electronic
As the regulator
voltage stability
As the modulation
signal
As the low or high
frequency
generator

4. Types of transistor
No
.

Types of transistor

Simbol

Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)

Has three part of the layer of semiconductor

material, which can divided into 2 types : NPN
and PNP

Field Effect Transistor (FET)

Can generate signals to control other

component

Junction Field Effect Transistor

(JFET)

Working Principle : control the current from

source to drain trough the terminals voltage
applied to gate terminal.

Has 3 terminals, where a terminal can control

the current flow between two other terminals.
Has the same working principles with
FET

Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field

Single Gate Mosfet

Effect Transistor (MOS FET)

Dual Gate Mosfet

Has very high input impedance

Has a high price, so only used on the
parts that really need it.
Used as RF amplifier in the receiver to obtain a
high amplification with low noise.

5. Characteristic of transistor

The characteristics of each transistor work area can be seen as follows : Cutoff area, Saturation area, Active area, and Breakdown area.
6. The application of transistor
One application of the transistor in electronics circuit is transistor can be used
as a switching electronics.

Working principle of transistor as an switching electronics