Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
heet
6Ef
Fortopics
6.2 Work
6.3 Power
Cor.nolete
Table 6.3.
v Table6.3
Force
Distancemoved in the
direction of the force
(a)
4N
0.20m
0 . 8J
(b)
20N
10m
200J
(c)
0 . 1N
10m
1J
(d)
500N
20 cm
1 0 0J
t\
-.zr*
(b) (i)
h'iction I - 50 \
150.1
(ii) A wooden box of mass 10 kg is carried in a lift frorn the ground floor to the
tenth floor. If the height of eachfloor is 3 m, what is the work done on the box?
(Take accelerationdue to gravity,g = 10 m s-r)
f i i r c r r : n t a s s/ / r l 0 l < g . t r c c e l e n r t i odrrr- r tco g l a v i t v . g l 0 r l s l
V e r l i c l i h c i s h t r r r o v e ctlh r o u s h ./ r l 0 x - l l 0 n t
\ \ u l l . r l o n eo n t l r c r r a s s t r t , g l t l 0 x l 0 x l ( ) . i ( ) 0 0 . l
PhysicsMattersWorkbc.rok
Volume1
55
3.
CompleteTable6.4.
vTable6.4
4.
(a)
?0 x t0l'J
5s
4000w
(b)
18000J
3 min
100!r
(c)
7 000 MJ
14000s
500klr
(a)
A student runs up a flight of stairs in 10 s. If the work doneby him is 900 J, what
is the power generated?
r:\:
ff:oow
5.
(b) (i) .A mass of 20 000 kg of rice is raised in a grain elevator through a vertical
distanceof 10 m in 80 s. \fhat is the power developedby the elevator?(Take
accelerationdue to gravity to be 10 m s-2)
Given:massof rice,m -20 000kg, verticaldistance
n.roved,
/u: l0 m, timetaken,t - 80 s.
Workdone.IIt: ntgh:,(20000)(l0X l0) : 2.0x l0''.l
Pon'erdeveloped,P;:25
x l0aW
(ii) Ten 60 \T light bulbs are usedin a ballroom for five hours. Calculatethe total
amount of electricalenergyconsumedor convertedby the ten bulbs.
- P x t- (60x 10)x (5 x 60 x 60)- I.08x l0r J
Totalamountofelectrical
generated
energy
;;,;,,
;";; ;:,.,
; ;; ;;;":#r*:1T:Y:::;
tr
56
o f w o r k t h a t h a st o b e d o n et o l i f ta 1 0 0k g s a c ko f g o l dn u g g e t su p a v e r t i c adl i s t a n c eo f
2m?
W o u l dm o r ep o w e rb e r e q u i r e d
t o g e t a 1 0 0 k g s a c ko f g o l dn u g g e t st o t h e t o p o f a h i l l
i n 1 s e c o n da s c o m o a r e dt o 1 0 s e c o n d s ?
Energy,
WorkandPower
ffrf"hat lenseyoursetf!
Attempt the following questionson your own. You are advisedto spendno more than the
time indicated.
l.
A
B
C
D
TltermalenergylJ
20
60
60
60
Kineticenergy[
50
20
' 80
1,40
(B)
Working/Explanation
Work done= F x d = 8 x l0 = 80 J = thermalenergy+ kineticenergy
Thermalenergy= 6 x 10= 60 J
Therestof the work is usedfor the movementof thebox i.e. 2OJ.
2,
p= 1
E is the convertedenergy,i.e. gravitational potential energy convertedinto kinetic energy.
G.P.E.= mgh= 4.00 x 103x 10 x 600 =2.4 x 107J per second=24MW
=t
@ 2007 Marshall Cavendish International (S) Pte Ltd
Pnysrcs
Votume
1 t15
Matters
workoook
3.
\ -w\;":_----
<Figure6.7
'Water
Figure6.7 aboveshowsthe layout of a pumpedstoragepower station.
collectsin
the lower reservoir,and is pumpedup to the top reservoir(62 m above)at night, when
'\il7hen
the demandfor power is low.
there is a suddendemandfor power, the headgates
(hugetaps) are openedand water rushesdown the tunnelsto turn the turbines,which
drive the powerfulgenerators.Theflow rateof thewaterrsi kgsl. Thegeneratorsproduce
35 M!tr of useful.outputpower.
(a) \7hat energychangestake place when water rushesfrom the top reservoir to the
lower reservoir?
Gravitational potential energy is convertedinto kinetic energy.The kinetic energy is then converted
into electrical energy.
(b) The generatoris 55% efficient.Calculatethe total power generatedby the falling
water.
Totalpowerx 0.55= 35MW
15
Totalpower= oss = 64 MW
Assume that l0o7o of gravitational potential energy is convertedto kinetic energy of water flow.
64 MW + 6.4 x 107J of energy is convertedevery second.
Therefore,in I second,mgh=6.4 x l07J
##
= 1.05 x 105kg s-'
(e) State two ways to improve the efficiency of the power station.
Reducefriction in turbines.
"s
58
Energy,Workand Power