Fuzzy Based Automatic Multi-Level Vehicle

Parking using Lab View

1

K.A.Sunitha, 2K.Prema, 3G.Sai Deepthi, 4Jennifer

Elizabeth Belinda.E

N.Senthil Kumar

Mepco Schlenk Engineering College,

Sivakasi
5
nsk_vnr@yahoo.com

Instrumentation and Control Engineering Department,

SRM University
1
sunithasrm@yahoo.in, 2premsb4u@gmail.com
3
gsaideepthi@gmail.com, 4jennifer692@gmail.com
Abstract-This paper introduces a method of automatic
multilevelcar parking system that parks the vehicle in reduced
space using the conditions based on fuzzy logic controller. It
possibly controls the traffic and avoids traffic congestion .This
automatic multi-level vehicle stacking system also has online
access to book the parking slot in advance which is interfaced
with the LabVIEW. The vehicle placed at the entrance point is
parked automatically according to the availability of slots. The car
park consists of number of slots based on three different sizes. The
car is moved to the particular slot with help of an elevator placed
at the centre of the parking system. The elevator consists of an
arm that moves along the vertical axis and can rotate along the
multi stack parking system. LabVIEW is used to check the
availability of slots, total number of cars parked the movement of
the elevator and the position of the arm. The programming
software tracks the location of the vehicle and returns the vehicle
on request from the patron by the access system installed. Thus
the paper shows the description of the automatic multi-level
vehicle stacking with microcontroller and fuzzy mechanism using
LabVIEW to achieve conventional parking system.
Keywords- Fuzzy controller; multi level parking; Lab view.

I. INTRODUCTION
The automatic multi-level vehicle stacking system is one of
the best methods to control the traffic that prevails. In most
cities of India the traffic occurs due to less space for parking.
Due to lack of adequate parking space in shopping areas, malls,
theatres etc. congestion occurs. Cars are parked along road
sides and vehicle in search of parking areas creates heavy
traffic. Thus this leads to traffic congestion and insufficient
parking space. Various measures have been taken to in the
attempt to overcome the traffic mainly in Europe, America and
Japan advanced technologies and research was developed [2].
Although the problem can be addressed via many methods, this
paper focuses on the automatic multi-level parking system.
Building this multi-level stacking system creates a lot of space
for parking more number of cars in minimum space [1]. The
paper [2] refers to the smart parking system but automated
multi-level car parking system has lot of advantages over
normal smart parking system. The smart parking system is
beneficial to car park operators, drivers and also helps in
environment conservation [2] [16]. For car park operators it
helps to predict the future parking patterns. The amount of air
pollutants released by vehicles is also decreased and thus helps
in environment conservation [2]. The parking space can also be

978-1-4244-9082-0/10/$26.00 2010 IEEE

efficiently utilized and this increases parking capacity

[15].Smart payment system reduces requirement for additional
staffs for payment related purposes and traffic control [16]. The
parking guidance and information system consists of four
components namely, information disseminating mechanism,
information gathering mechanism, control centre and
telecommunication networks [3] being used are over come
using the fuzzy controller and e-booking access. This smart
parking system can be exploited to predict the future parking
space using e-parking. E-parking provides an alternative for
patrons to enquire the availability and /or reserve a parking
space at their desired parking facility to ensure the availability
of vacant car space when they arrive at the parking facility. The
system is made more efficient with the information provided as
the drivers are able to avoid car park that are fully occupied
and locate the vacant parking spaces using the fuzzy logic
controller.
II.

BASIC SYSTEM DESIGN

The automated parking system has been demonstrated

using a miniaturised working replica of a real time system. It
constitutes a disc shaped structure with toy cars in place of real
counterparts for parking. Figure.1 shows the basic structure
where the disc has been divided into ten slots .Each slot can
accommodate a car. Similarly our design has three floors of
parking space with parking capacity of twenty four different
cars according to its size. The floors are classified on the basis
of cost and urgency for parking. Quick entry and exit of vehicle
is possible.

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Figure 1. Disc shaped parking system

The basic parts of the lift mechanism are shown in Figure2.

On the arrival of the vehicle on the platform, the dc motor
pushes the vehicle into the allotted slot. The microcontroller
controls the lift operation along with the rotation of the arm
and sliding of the platform. The fuzzy controller implemented
using LabVIEW checks the availability of space in each floor
according to the size and total number of vehicles. It also
generates the cost for parking the vehicle according to various
conditions. The LabVIEW software is also configured for prior
online booking of the parking slots.

synchronous electric motor that can divide full rotations into

large number of steps. The stepper motors control the action of
the elevator along vertical axis and rotation of the arm about
the multi-level stacking system. Carbon brushes DC gear motor
is specially designed with an integral gear reducer. It is an
internally commutated electric motor that is powered by a DC
source. The DC gear motor is used for sliding the vehicle into a
platform to the slot and retrieving it back again. The Darlington
driver subsystem is an electronic switch that provides an output
signal powerful enough to drive output subsystems requiring
high current. The reed switch is an electronic device operated
by the applied magnetic field. This reed sensor is used to detect
the position of the vehicle and the elevator. When any car is
parked on the desired position, the sensor activates and
provides a signal to the controller which in turn sends the
message to LABVIEW. The flow has been represented in
Figure4 where the program running in LabVIEW is transferred
to the microcontroller to assign the particular slot. The
microcontroller gives corresponding signals to the motors
connected through their respective drive circuits. The lift
mechanism is thus actuated by the motors.

Figure 2. Lift Mechanism

III. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

The automated multi-level parking system is done using
AT89C52 microcontroller and LabVIEW. Upon arrival of the
car, the fuzzy controller decides the slot to place the car. The
AT89C52 microcontroller lifts the car and places it in the slot
available. The lift then returns to the original position. When
request to remove the car is provided, the lift returns car to the
platform. The flow of the parking sequence is shown in
Figure3. LabVIEW is used for display purpose.

Figure 4. Hardware

B.

Display

The display that shows the availability of space in each

floor, number of vehicles parked, the details of the vehicle
based on their size and also detects whether the vehicle is
placed on the platform or not. The display is shown in the
Figure.5.

Figure 3.Parking Sequence

A.

Hardware

The arm has two stepper motors and one dc motor. The DC
gear motor and stepper motors are controlled by Darlington
drivers which are interfaced with the AT89C52 microcontroller.
AT89C52 microcontroller is interfaced to the computer with
LabVIEW through RS232. The stepper motor is a brushless,

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Figure 5.User Display Interface

C. Fuzzy Controller
A fuzzy controller is designed using Fuzzy System
Designer in LabVIEW. The various inputs to the controller are
size of the car, parking class and cases of urgency. The output
variables are cost and slot allotment. It was then called into the
VI (virtual instrument) using the load fuzzy controller function.
The VI is designed as shown in Figure5.
The size of the car is divided into small, medium and big
and is distributed by using membership functions. The parking
class is divided into elite, executive and economy. The urgency
can be divided into yes and no membership functions.
D.Cost
The cost to be paid is also decided depending on the
various specifications. The cost is exactly calculated according
to fuzzy system. For example: If size is big, class is elite and
urgency is yes then cost is n. The cost comes up to 134.995.
The membership function of cost is n. The cost graph is a
3D graph with x axis car size, y axis parking class and z axis
cost. The number of samples for the graph is twenty.

Figure 6.Cost Fuzzy graph

TABLE I.
Big

Medium

Small

Elite

B1 (urgency)

M1(urgency)

S1(urgency)

Executive

B2(no urgency)

M2(no urgency)

S2(no urgency)

Economy

B3(no urgency)

M3(no urgency)

S3(no urgency)

E. Slot
The slots on each floor are divided into B, M and S. Thus
total number of slots is nine with three on each floor. They
consist of B1, B2, B3, M1, M2, M3, S1, S2, and S3. The slot is
decided depending on the input parameters. The slot graph is a
3D graph with x axis car size, y axis parking class and z axis
slot. The number of samples for the graph here also is twenty.
The slot is calculated from the fuzzy system and is
displayed on the front panel as any of the nine slots. The slot
allotment is as shown in Table1.The example test system
graphs for cost and slot allotment are shown in Figure6 and
Figure7 respectively. The fuzzy system controller is shown in
Figure8.

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Figure 7.Slot Fuzzy graph

IV. CONCLUSIONS
In this paper, we confer the efficiency in alleviating the
traffic problem that arises in the city and the insufficient
parking spaces are undeniable. The e-parking makes it simpler
to book the parking space in advance. The disadvantages
occurring due to manual parking is also overcome by the
automatic system.
The designed system is shown in
Figure11.The fuzzy controller used makes it more easy to
locate the vacant space to park and will make it easier in real
time application. The number of floors built to accommodate
cars makes it easier to increase parking capacity. Addition of
floors is also possible. The safety is ensured in this automatic
multi-level car stacking system. This system can be established
in congested areas of the city, shopping malls etc. Although
there may be disadvantages in the implementation but the
advantages far overweighs its disadvantages.

Figure 8. Fuzzy Logic Controller

C. VI of Complete Lab view program

The designed fuzzy system is used as a subvi in the main vi.
The fuzzy system is integrated with online booking and display.
The program is as shown in Figure9.

Figure 10. Webpage Display

Figure 9. Complete vi code

D. Online Booking of Parking Slots

The parking slots can be booked online through the use of a
credit card. A certain initial cost is to be paid so that slot is kept
empty until that particular car arrives. This has been
implemented using the web publishing tool in LabVIEW. In
case of unavailability of slots and urgency, the slots can be
arranged. This is made possible by combining to small parking
slots to make one big, allot big slot for medium car and the like.
These decisions are taken based on the availability of those
slots and other conditions. Online booking facilitates free
movement of vehicles and also assures parking space for ones
vehicles. The webpage is as shown in Figure10.

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Figure 11. System Setup

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