Scheduling of Projects PDF

Managing
Project
Processes
To Accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Sixth Edition 2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
Activity Relationships
Activity Relationship
S precedes T, which precedes U.
AOA
S
1
AON
T
2
U
3
S and T must be completed before U can be started.
AOA
1
AON
S
U
T
2
U
T
T and U cannot begin until S has been completed.
AOA
3
S
1
AON
T
S
U
4
U and V cannot begin until both S and T have been
completed.
AOA
S
T
2
AON
U
3
U cannot begin until both S and T have been completed;
V cannot begin until T has been completed.
AOA
S
AON
Dummy
V
4
6
T and U cannot begin until S has been completed; V
cannot begin until both T and U have been completed.
AOA
S
1
AON
T
2
V
4
Dummy
U
3
Activity
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
Description
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Select administrative and medical staff.

Select site and do site survey.
Select equipment.
Prepare final construction plans and layout.
Bring utilities to the site.
Interview applicants and fill positions in nursing,
support staff, maintenance, and security.
Purchase and take delivery of equipment.
Construct the hospital.
Develop an information system.
Install the equipment.
Train nurses and support staff.
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
A Select administrative and medical staff.
B Select site and do site survey.
A
C Select equipment.
D Prepare final construction plans and layout.
E
F
Interview
Start applicants and fill positions in nursing,
G Purchase and take delivery of equipment.
H Construct the hospital.
I
Develop and information system.
J
K Train nurses and support staff.
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
A
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
H Construct the
B hospital.
I
J
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
A
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
Start applicantsCand fill positions in nursing,
H Construct the
B hospital.
I
J
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
A
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
H Construct the
D
B hospital.
I
J
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
A
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
H Construct the
D
B hospital.
I
J
K Train nurses and support
staff.
E
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
A
F
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
H Construct the
D
B hospital.
I
J
staff.
E
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
A
F
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
positions in nursing,
Start applicantsCand fillG
H Construct the
D
B hospital.
I
J
staff.
E
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
A
F
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
H Construct the
D
B hospital.
H
I
J
staff.
E
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
I
A
F
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
H Construct the
D
B hospital.
H
I
J
staff.
E
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
I
A
F
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
H Construct the
D
B hospital.
H
J
I
J
staff.
E
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
I
A
F
K
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
H Construct the
D
B hospital.
H
J
I
J
staff.
E
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AON Network
I
A
F
K
C Select equipment.
E
F
Interview
positions in
nursing,
Finish
H Construct the
D
B hospital.
H
J
I
J
staff.
E
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Figure 4.2
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AOA Network
A Select administrative
and medical staff.
2
C Select equipment.
D Prepare A
final construction plans and layout.
E
F
Interview
1 staff, maintenance, and security.
support
H Construct the hospital.
I
J
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AOA Network
and medical staff.
2
C Select equipment.
D Prepare A
E
F
Interview
support
H Construct
B the hospital.
I
J
4 support staff.
K Train nurses and
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AOA Network
and medical staff.
2
C
C Select equipment.
D Prepare A
3 the site.
E
Bring utilities to
F
Interview
support
G Purchase and 5take delivery of equipment.
H Construct
B the hospital.
I
Develop and information
system.
D
J
4 support staff.
K Train nurses and
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AOA Network
F
and medical
8 staff.
2
B Select site and do site
survey.
I
C
C Select equipment.
D Prepare A
3 the site.
7
E
Bring utilities to
F
Interview
Start applicantsGand fill positions in nursing,
support
H
G Purchase and 5take delivery
6 of equipment.
H Construct
B the hospital.
E
I
system.
D
J
4 support staff.
K Train nurses and
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AOA Network
F
and medical
8 staff.
2
survey.
I
C
C Select equipment.
D Prepare A
3 the site.
7
J
E
Bring utilities to
F
Interview
support
H
6 of equipment.
H Construct
B the hospital.
E
I
system.
D
J
4 support staff.
K Train nurses and
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AOA Network
F
and medical
8 staff.
2
survey.
I Dummy
C
C Select equipment.
D Prepare A
3 the site.
7
J
E
Bring utilities to
F
Interview
support
H
6 of equipment.
H Construct
B the hospital.
E
I
system.
D
J
4 support staff.
K Train nurses and
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
AOA Network
F
and medical
8 staff.
2
survey.
I Dummy
C
C Select equipment.
K
A
3 the site.
7
J
E
Bring utilities to
F
Interview
in nursing,
Start applicantsGand fill positionsFinish
support
9
H
6 of equipment.
H Construct
B the hospital.
E
I
system.
D
J
4 support staff.
K Train nurses and
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Figure 4.3
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
I
Completion Time Description
15
A
F
K
C Select equipment.
12
10
6
E
C
G
F
Interview
nursing,
Start applicants and fill positions in Finish
10
35
B
D
H
J
H Construct the
hospital.
9
10
40
4
I
J
E
staff.
Figure 4.4
24
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
I
15
A
F
K
C Select equipment.
12
10
6
E
C
G
F
Interview
nursing,
10
35
B
D
H
J
H Construct the
hospital.
9
10
40
4
I
J
E
staff.
24
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
I
15
A
F
K
C Select equipment.
12
10
6
E
C
G
F
Interview
nursing,
10
35
B
D
H
J
H Construct the
hospital.
9
10
40
4
I
J
E
staff.
24
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
I
15
A
F
K
C Select equipment.
12
10
6
E
C
G
F
Interview
nursing,
10
35
B
D
H
J
H Construct the
hospital.
9
10
40
4
I
J
E
staff.
24
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
I
15
A
F
K
C Select equipment.
12
10
6
E
C
G
F
Interview
nursing,
10
35
B
D
H
J
H Construct the
hospital.
9
10
40
4
I
J
E
staff.
24
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
I
15
A
F
K
C Select equipment.
12
10
6
E
C
G
F
Interview
nursing,
10
35
B
D
H
J
H Construct the
hospital.
9
10
40
4
I
J
E
staff.
24
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Path
Expected Time (wks)
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
I
Completion
Time
A-F-K
28
15
and medical staff.
A-I-K
33
B Select site67and do site survey.
A-C-G-J-K
A
F
K
C
Select
equipment.
10
6
B-D-H-J-K
6912
D Prepare final
B-E-J-K
43 construction plans and layout.
E
C
G
F
Interview
nursing,
10
35
B
D
H
J
H Construct the
hospital.
9
10
40
4
I
J
E
staff.
24
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Path
Expected Time (wks)
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
I
Completion
Time
A-F-K
28
15
and medical staff.
A-I-K
33
A-C-G-J-K
A
F
K
C
Select
equipment.
10
6
B-D-H-J-K
6912
D Prepare final
B-E-J-K
E
C
G
F
Interview
nursing,
10
35
B
D
H
J
H Construct the
hospital.
9
10
40
4
I
J
E
staff.
24
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
Path
Expected Time (wks)
Immediate
Predecessor(s)
Activity
Description
I
Completion
Time
A-F-K
28
15
and medical staff.
A-I-K
33
A-C-G-J-K
A
F
K
C
Select
equipment.
10
6
B-D-H-J-K
6912
D Prepare final
B-E-J-K
E
C
G
F
Interview
nursing,
10
35
B
D
H
J
H Construct the
hospital.
9
10
40
4
I
J
E
staff.
24
A
B
B
A
C
D
A
E,G,H
F,I,J
I
15
12
10
Start
B
9
Earliest Start
and
Earliest Finish Times
Finish
10
35
10
40
E
24
I
15
Earliest start time

0
12
10
Start
B
9
Earliest Start
and
Finish
10
35
10
40
E
24
I
15
Earliest start time

0
Earliest finish time
A 12
12
10
Start
B
9
Earliest Start
and
Finish
10
35
10
40
E
24
I
15
A 12
12
10
Start
B 9
9
Earliest Start
and
Finish
10
35
10
40
E
24
I
15
A 12
12
10
Start
B 9
9
Earliest Start
and
Finish
10
35
D 19
10
40
9 E 33
24
12
I 27
15
A 12
12
12
12
Start
B 9
9
Earliest Start
and
F 22
10
C 22
10
35
D 19
10
40
Finish
9 E 33
24
12
I 27
15
A 12
12
12
12
Start
B 9
9
Earliest Start
and
F 22
10
C 22
10
35
D 19
10
19
Finish
H 59
40
9 E 33
24
12
I 27
15
A 12
12
12
12
Start
F 22
10
C 22
22
10
B 9
9
Earliest Start
and
D 19
10
G 57
Finish
35
19
H 59
40
9 E 33
24
12
I 27
15
A 12
12
12
12
Start
F 22
10
C 22
22
10
B 9
9
Earliest Start
and
D 19
10
G 57
Finish
35
19
H 59
40
59
J 63
4
9 E 33
24
Earliest start time
12
I 27
15
A 12
12
12
Critical
path
0
B 9
9
Earliest Start
and
63 K 69
10
12
Start
F 22
C 22
22
10
D 19
10
G 57
Finish
35
19
H 59
40
59
J 63
4
9 E 33
24
12
I 27
15
A 12
12
63 K 69
10
12
12
Start
F 22
C 22
22
10
B 9
9
Latest Start
and
Latest Finish Times
D 19
10
G 57
Finish
35
19
H 59
40
59
J 63
4
9 E 33
24
12
I 27
15
A 12
12
63 K 69
63
69
10
12
12
Start
F 22
C 22
22
10
B 9
9
Latest Start
and
Latest Finish Times
D 19
10
G 57
Finish
35
19
H 59
40
Latest
finish
time
59
J 63
4
9 E 33
24
12
I 27
15
A 12
12
10
12
12
Start
F 22
C 22
Latest
start
time
22
10
B 9
9
Latest Start
and
Latest Finish Times
D 19
10
63 K 69
63
69
G 57
Finish
35
19
H 59
40
Latest
finish
time
59
J 63
4
9 E 33
24
12
27
48 15 63
A 12
12
12
Start
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
C 22
22
10
B 9
9
Latest Start
and
Latest Finish Times
D 19
10
G 57
Finish
35
19
H 59
40
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
24
12
27
48 15 63
A 12
12
12
Start
C 22
10
B 9
9
Latest Start
and
Latest Finish Times
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
D 19
10
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
12
27
48 15 63
A 12
12
12
22
14 10 24
Start
B 9
9
Latest Start
and
Latest Finish Times
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
9
19
9 10 19
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
Earliest start time

Latest start time
A
0
12
2 12 14
12
27
48 15 63
Critical
path
0
0
B 9
9 9
Latest Start
and
Latest Finish Times
Latest finish time
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
Start
12
22
14 10 24
9
19
9 10 19
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
12
27
48 15 63
0
12
2 12 14
12
22
14 10 24
Start
0
0
Activity Slack
Analysis
B 9
9 9
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
9
19
9 10 19
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
Activity Slack
I
12
27
48 15 63
Slack = LS ES
or
0
12
2 12 14
Slack = LF EF
12
22
14 10 24
Start
0
0
Activity Slack
Analysis
B 9
9 9
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
9
19
9 10 19
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
Activity Slack
I
12
27
48 15 63
SlackK = 63 63
or
0
12
2 12 14
SlackK = 69 69
12
22
14 10 24
Start
0
0
Activity Slack
Analysis
B 9
9 9
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
9
19
9 10 19
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
Activity Slack
I
12
27
48 15 63
SlackK = 0
or
SlackK = 0
0
12
2 12 14
12
22
14 10 24
Start
0
0
Activity Slack
Analysis
B 9
9 9
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
9
19
9 10 19
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
Node Duration ES
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
12
9
10
10
24
10
35
40
15
4
6
0
0
12
9
9
12
22
19
12
59
Start
63
LS
Slack
2
0
14
9
35
53
24
19
48
59
63
2
0
2
0
26
A 12
0
41
2 12 14
2
0
36
0
0
0
0
Activity Slack
Analysis
B 9
9 9
12
27
48 15 63
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
12
22
14 10 24
9
19
9 10 19
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
Node Duration ES
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
12
9
10
10
24
10
35
40
15
4
6
0
0
12
9
9
12
22
19
12
59
63
LS
Slack
2
0
14
9
35
53
24
19
48
59
63
2
0
2
0
26
41
2
0
36
0
0
0
0
Critical Path
B 9
9 9
12
27
48 15 63
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
12
22
14 10 24
9
19
9 10 19
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
12
27
48 15 63
0
12
2 12 14
12
22
14 10 24
Start
0
0
Critical Path
B 9
9 9
63 K 69
63
69
12
22
53 10 63
9
19
9 10 19
22
57
24 35 59
19
59
19 40 59
Finish
59
63
59 4 63
9 E 33
35 24 59
Project Crashing
Crashing
reducing project time by expending additional resources
Crash time
an amount of time an activity is reduced
Crash cost
cost of reducing activity time
Goal
reduce project duration at minimum cost
Project Crashing: Example
2
8
12
7
4
1
12
3
4
5
4
6
4
Project Crashing: Example

(cont.)
$7,000
$6,000
Crash cost
$5,000
Crashed activity
Slope = crash cost per week
$4,000
$3,000
$2,000
Normal activity
Normal cost
$1,000
Normal time
Crash time
|
2
|
4
|
6
|
8
|
10
|
12
|
14
Weeks
Normal Activity and Crash

Data
ACTIVITY
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
NORMAL
TIME
(WEEKS)
CRASH
TIME
(WEEKS)
NORMAL
COST
12
8
4
12
4
4
4
7
5
3
9
1
1
3
$3,000
2,000
4,000
50,000
500
500
15,000
$5,000
3,500
7,000
71,000
1,100
1,100
22,000
$75,000
$110,700
CRASH
COST
TOTAL
ALLOWABLE
CRASH TIME
(WEEKS)
5
3
1
3
3
3
1
CRASH
COST PER
WEEK
$400
500
3,000
7,000
200
200
7,000
$7000
$500
Project Duration:
36 weeks
2
8
$700
12
7
4
FROM
12
$400
3
4
6
4
5
4
$3000
$200
$200
$7000
$500
2
8
TO
Project Duration:
31 weeks
Additional Cost:
$2000
$700
12
7
4
1
7
$400
3
4
$3000
5
4
6
4
$200
$200
Time-Cost Relationship
Crashing costs increase as project
duration decreases
Indirect costs increase as project
duration increases
Reduce project length as long as
crashing costs are less than indirect
costs
Time-Cost Tradeoff
Minimum cost = optimal project time
Total project cost
Cost ($)
Indirect cost
Direct cost
Crashing
Time
Project duration
Probability
Probabilistic Time Estimates
Time
a
b
Mean
Probabilistic Time Estimates
Probability
Area under curve

between a and b
is 99.74%
3s
Time
3s
m
Mean
Probabilistic
Time Estimates
Activity B
Most
Optimistic Likely Pessimistic
(a)
(m)
(b)
7
8
15
Start
Finish
Probabilistic
Time Estimates
Activity B
Most
(a)
(m)
(b)
7
8
15
7 + 4(8) + 15
te =
= 9 weeks
6
Start
Finish
Probabilistic
Time Estimates
Activity B
Most
(a)
(m)
(b)
7
8
15
7 + 4(8) + 15
te =
= 9 weeks
6
s2 =
15 - 7
6
Start
Finish
) = 1.78
Time Estimates (wk)

Optimistic
Activity
(a)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
11
7
5
8
14
6
25
35
10
1
5
Likely
(m)
Pessimistic
(b)
12
8
10
9
25
9
36
40
13
2
6
13
15
15
16
30
18
41
45
28
15
7
Activity Statistics
Expected Variance
Time (te )
(s2 )
12
9
10
10
24
10
35
40
15
4
6
0.11
1.78
2.78
1.78
7.11
4.00
7.11
2.78
9.00
5.44
0.11
Probabilities
Critical Path = B - D - H - J - K
T = 72 days
TE = 69 days
Probabilities
T = 72 days
s2
TE = 69 days
= (variances of activities)
T TE
z=
s2
Probabilities
T = 72 days
s2
TE = 69 days
T TE
z=
s2
s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89
Probabilities
T = 72 days
s2
TE = 69 days
T TE
z=
s2
s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89

72 69
z=
11.89
Probabilities
T = 72 days
s2
TE = 69 days
T TE
z=
s2
s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89

72 69
z=
= 0.87
11.89
Probabilities
T = 72 days
s2
TE = 69 days
T TE
z=
s2
s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89

72 69
z=
= 0.87
11.89
From Appendix 2
Pz = .8078 .81
Probabilities
Critical
Path
Length
of = B - D - H critical path
T = 72 days
s2
Probability of
meeting the of
(variances
schedule is
0.8078
Normal distribution:
J
- K= 69 weeks;
Mean
s = 3.45 weeks
TE = 69 days
activities)
T-T
Eof
z Probability
=
272
exceeding
s
weeks is 0.1922
s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89

72 - 69
69 72
z=
= 0.87
11.89
Project duration (weeks)
Figure 4.12
Probabilities
Path = A - C - G - J - K
T = 72 days
s2
TE = 67 days
T TE
z=
s2
s2 = 0.11 + 2.78 + 7.11 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 15.55

72 67
z=
= 1.27
15.55
From Appendix 2
Pz = .8980 .90
Resource requirements
Project Life Cycle

Definition
and
organization
Start
Planning
Execution
Time
Close out
Finish
Construct a PERT Network from the following

set of activities, their precedences requirements
and 3 time-estimates of completion time.
Compute the slack for each activity and
determine the critical path.
Activity
Precedences
Time Estimates (Weeks)
Optimistic
Pessimistic
Most Likely
None
None
11
11
10
10
18
14
C, D
11
11
11
F, G
14
10
Activity Durations (days)

Job
Co
de
Job Description
Costs in dollars
Immediate
Predecessors
Normal
Crash
Normal
Crash
None
80
100
Remove and disassemble the motor
Clean and paint the frame
40
94
Rewind armature
12
100
184
Replace bearings
70
102
Assemble and install the motor
B, C and D
50
50
The fixed cost per day is $ 20 per day. As a

policy the firm does not allow an activity to be
crashed by more than a day for fear of poor
quality. (Except in case of C which can be
crashed by a maximum of 4 days)
i.
Draw the activity on arc network.
ii.
Find the optimum project
duration.

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Managing

Select administrative and medical staff.

Expected Time (wks)

Expected Time (wks)

Expected Time (wks)

Earliest start time

Earliest start time

Earliest finish time

Earliest start time

Earliest finish time

Earliest start time

Latest finish time

Earliest finish time

Project Crashing: Example

Project Crashing: Example

Normal Activity and Crash

Total project cost

Probabilistic Time Estimates

Probabilistic Time Estimates

Area under curve

Time Estimates (wk)

s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89

s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89

s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89

s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89

s2 = 1.78 + 1.78 + 2.78 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 11.89

s2 = 0.11 + 2.78 + 7.11 + 5.44 + 0.11 = 15.55

Project Life Cycle

Construct a PERT Network from the following

Time Estimates (Weeks)

Activity Durations (days)

Remove and disassemble the motor

Clean and paint the frame

Assemble and install the motor

The fixed cost per day is $ 20 per day. As a

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