Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Resource Masters
Consumable Workbooks
Many of the worksheets contained in the Chapter Resource Masters booklets
are available as consumable workbooks.
Study Guide and Intervention Workbook
Skills Practice Workbook
Practice Workbook
0-07-828029-X
0-07-828023-0
0-07-828024-9
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Copyright by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America. Permission is granted to reproduce the
material contained herein on the condition that such material be reproduced only
for classroom use; be provided to students, teacher, and families without charge;
and be used solely in conjunction with Glencoes Algebra 2. Any other reproduction,
for use or sale, is prohibited without prior written permission of the publisher.
Send all inquiries to:
The McGraw-Hill Companies
8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240-4027
ISBN: 0-07-828012-5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 066 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02
Algebra 2
Chapter 9 Resource Masters
Contents
Vocabulary Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Lesson 9-6
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 547548
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 551
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552
Lesson 9-1
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 517518
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 521
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522
Chapter 9 Assessment
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Lesson 9-2
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 523524
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 527
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528
Lesson 9-3
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 529530
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 533
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534
Lesson 9-4
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 535536
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 539
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540
ANSWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A2A29
Lesson 9-5
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 541542
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 545
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
iii
Glencoe Algebra 2
Vocabulary Builder
Practice
Pages viiviii
include a student study tool that presents
up to twenty of the key vocabulary terms
from the chapter. Students are to record
definitions and/or examples for each term.
You may suggest that students highlight or
star the terms with which they are not
familiar.
Skills Practice
Enrichment
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
iv
Glencoe Algebra 2
Assessment Options
Intermediate Assessment
Chapter Assessment
CHAPTER TESTS
Continuing Assessment
Answers
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Glencoe Algebra 2
This is an alphabetical list of the key vocabulary terms you will learn in Chapter 9.
As you study the chapter, complete each terms definition or description. Remember
to add the page number where you found the term. Add these pages to your Algebra
Study Notebook to review vocabulary at the end of the chapter.
Vocabulary Term
Found
on Page
Definition/Description/Example
asymptote
Asuhm(p)TOHT
complex fraction
constant of variation
continuity
KAHNtuhnOOuhtee
direct variation
inverse variation
IHNVUHRS
joint variation
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
vii
Glencoe Algebra 2
Vocabulary Builder
Vocabulary Builder
(continued)
Found
on Page
Definition/Description/Example
point discontinuity
rational equation
rational expression
rational function
rational inequality
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
viii
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-1
c
d
a
b
a
b
c
d
a
b
c
d
ac
bd
ad
bc
Lesson 9-1
Example
c
d
24a5b2
(2ab)
a.
4
1
24a5b2
2223aaaaabb
3a
2
2222aaaabbbb
(2ab)4
2b
1
3r2s3
5t
20t2
9r s
b.
4
3
1
3rrsss225tt
3r2s3 20t2
22ss
4s2
2
4
3
5tttt33rrrs
3rtt
5t
9r s
3rt
x2 8x 16
2x 2
x2 2x 8
x1
c.
x2 8x 16
x2 2x 8
x1
x2 8x 16
2x 2
x1
2x 2
x2 2x 8
1
(x 4)(x 4)(x 1)
x4
2(x 1)(x 2)(x 4)
2(x 2)
1
Exercises
Simplify each expression.
(2ab2)3
20ab
2a2b 2
3m3 3m
6m
4m5
m1
1.
4
4x2 12x 9 3 2x
9 6x
4.
2m 2(m 1)
4
(m 3)2
m 6m 9
m3 9m
m 9
6.
m
2
2
16p2 8p 1
14p
4p2 7p 2
7p
8.
4
5
c2 3c
c 25
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
3.
2
c2 4c 5
c 4c 3
5.
2
2
6xy4
25z
18xz2
5y
y5
7. 3
2m 1
m 3m 10
4m2 1
4m 8
9.
2
p(4p 1)
x2 x 6 x 2
x 6x 27
2.
4
517
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-1
(continued)
Example
3s 1
s
3s2 8s 3
s4
Simplify
.
2
3s 8s 3
s4
3s 1
s
3s2 8s 3
s
4
3s 1
s
s4
3s 8s 3
2
1
s3
(3s 1)s4
s(3s 1)(s 3)
Factor.
s3
Simplify.
s3
Exercises
Simplify.
1.
x3y2z
2
a b2
a3x2y
b2
4.
b2 100
b2
2
3b 31b 10
2b
6.
a2 16
a2
a2 3a 4
a2 a 2
8.
b2
b2 6b 8
b2 b 2
b2 16
xyz
2.
2(b 10)
b(3b 1)
a4
b4
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
a2bc3
2
x y2
ab2
c4x2y
ac7
3.
5.
x4
x2 6x 9
x2 2x 8
3x
7.
2x2 9x 9
x1
10x2 19x 6
5x2 7x 2
b2 1
3b 2
b1
3b2 b 2
(b 1)2
1
x3
x2 x 2
3
x 6x2 x 30
9.
x1
x3
518
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-1
Skills Practice
Multiplying and Dividing Rational Expressions
3x
8y2(y6)3
4y
(x6)3
(x )
6
3.
3 4 x
18
2x 6
x2
x2 4
(x 2)(x 1)
6.
3a2 24a a 8
3a 12a
3m
2n
7.
2
10(ef)3
8e f
5s2
s 4
80y4
49z v
3
11.
2 21g
q2 2q
6q
3x
x 4
w2 6w 7
w3
19.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
q2 4
3q
q2
t2 19t 84
4t 4
2t 2
t 9t 14
t 12
16.
2
(w 8)(w 7)
c2
2d2
c6
5d
32z 7
14.
2
15.
x2 5x 4
2x 8
25y5
14z v
12.
5 7
12 5
x(x 2)
13.
2
w2 5w 24
w1
s2
10s
10.
2
5
7g
y
n3 mn 2
6
8.
6e
9.
2
5
3x2
x2
4.
24
5.
24e3
5f
5ab3
25a b
2.
2 2
Lesson 9-1
21x3y
14x y
1.
2 2
16a2 40a 25
3a 10a 8
(4a 5)(a 4)
4a 5
a 8a 16
18.
2
2
20.
a2 b2
4a
ab
2a
519
ab
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-1
Practice
(Average)
9a2b3
27a b c
3.
2
2k2 k 15 2k 5
k 9
5.
2
x4 x3 2x2 x 2
x x
7.
5
2 2
ay
6
2
4
ya
9.
8
ay
wn
w2 n2
ya
4.
2
6.
4
3
8.
x5
10x 2
25x2 1
x 10x 25
w
3
24x2 xy
w
2xy 3
5
3x 6
x 9
6x2 12x
4x 12
5x 1
x2 9
4
3x
8
2u3y
15xz
25x3
14u y
5ux 2
n5
n6
n2 6n
n
5x
5x2
8x
a5y3
wy
a3w2 a 2w 2
w y
13.
7
5 2
xy
6
x2 y2
3
15.
16.
2
9 a2
2a 6
18.
2
5a 10
a 5a 6
v5
11.
2
12.
2
14.
2
25 v2
3v 13v 10
x2 5x 24
6x 2x
10. n w
20.
10y2 15y 2y 3
35y 5y
4m 4n 2
(2m3n2)3
18m n
2.
5 4
1.
4 4
5
2(x 3)
2s2 7s 15
(s 4)
s2 10s 25
s4
2s 3
17.
2
19.
2x 1
x
4x
x
21.
x3 23
x2 2x
(x 2)3
2
x 4x 4
2x 1
x 2 2x 4
22. GEOMETRY A right triangle with an area of x2 4 square units has a leg that
measures 2x 4 units. Determine the length of the other leg of the triangle.
x 2 units
x2 3x 10
2x
and a height of
centimeters. Write a rational expression to describe the
2
x5
volume of the rectangular pyramid.
cm3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
520
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-1
Pre-Activity
4
7
3
7
If the store manager adds another y pounds of mints to the mixture, what
fraction of the mixture will be mints?
4y
the
numerator and
divisor
multiply
0
factor
the
numerators
and
by the
reciprocal
of
i.
3
8
ii.
5
16
r5
r5
iii.
z1
z
iv.
z
r2 25
9
v.
r5
3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
521
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-1
mints and
of the mixture is
9-1
Enrichment
Reading Algebra
In mathematics, the term group has a special meaning. The following
numbered sentences discuss the idea of group and one interesting example
of a group.
01 To be a group, a set of elements and a binary operation must satisfy four
conditions: the set must be closed under the operation, the operation
must be associative, there must be an identity element, and every
element must have an inverse.
02 The following six functions form a group under the operation of
1
x
x
(x 1)
1
(1 x)
3. For the set of integers, what is the identity element for the operation of
multiplication? Justify your answer.
x f1(x).
(f6 f4 )(x) f6[ f4(x)] f6
1 (x 1)
(1 x)
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
522
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-2
LCM of Polynomials
Example 1
Example 2
3m2
Exercises
1. 14ab2, 42bc3, 18a2c
126a 2b 2c 3
280c 2d 4f 3
130x 4y 4
1980m 2n 5
600a 4b 8
360p7q 3
156b 4c 3
420x 2y 4
5x(x 3)(2x 1)
840s 2t 3v 3
11. 9x2 12x 4, 3x2 10x 8
(3x
2)2(x
4)
3)2(x
1)
17. x3 4x2 x 4, x2 2x 3
Lesson 9-2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
523
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-2
(continued)
1
2
3
4
5
6
2x 2x 12
Example
2
x 4
Simplify
.
2
2
6
2
2x2 2x 12
x2 4
6
2(x 3)(x 2)
2
(x 2)(x 2)
6(x 2)
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
2 2(x 3)
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
6(x 2) 4(x 3)
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
6x 12 4x 12
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
Distributive Property
2x
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
x
(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
Simplify.
Exercises
Simplify each expression.
7xy
3x
4y2
2y
1.
4a
3bc
x1
x 1
5.
2
2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
1
x1
3
x2
4x 5 4x 14
3x 6
4.
3.
3x 3
x 2x 1
x1
2
x3
2.
4
4x 4x 1
2x 2 9x 4
5x
20x 5 (2x 1)(2x 1)
6.
2
2
2
524
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-2
Skills Practice
Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions
3. 2x 6, x 3 2(x 3)
4. 5a, a 1 5a(a 1)
5. t2 25, t 5 (t 5)(t 5)
6. x2 3x 4, x 1 (x 4)(x 1)
2c 5
2c 7
3
9. 4
12
5y
2 12z 2y
5yz
3
w3
2
w 9
m
mn
m
nm
13.
3w 7
15.
2
2m
17.
1
x 2x 1
x2 x 1
x
x1
19.
2
n
n3
2n 2
n 2n 3
21.
2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
5 2 5m 2
n
7
4gh
3
4h
7h 3g
5
3b d
2 15bd 6b 2d
3bd
14.
3t
2x
5 3t
5
x2
4z
z4
z 4 5z 2 4z 16
z1
16.
18.
2x 1
x5
4
x 3x 10
2x 2 5x 2
20.
2
3
y y 12
2
y 6y 8
22.
2
2
n2
2
m n
12.
2
a6
3
2a
5
4p q
10.
2
11. 2
2
a2
13
3
8p q
8.
2
2
Lesson 9-2
3
x
7.
y 12
525
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-2
Practice
(Average)
2. a2b3c, abc4
x 2y 3
a 2b 3c 4
3. x 1, x 3
(x 1)(x 3)
4. g 1, g2 3g 4
5. 2r 2, r2 r, r 1
6. 3, 4w 2, 4w2 1
7. x2 2x 8, x 4
8. x2 x 6, x2 6x 8
9. d2 6d 9, 2(d2 9)
(g 1)(g 4)
(x 4)(x 2)
2r(r 1)
6(2w 1)(2w 1)
(x 2)(x 4)(x 3)
7
8a
5
12x y
1
5x y
10.
11.
4
2 3
20 21b
24ab
25y 2 12x 2
2
x4
2 5m
m9
13a 47
y5
y 3y 10
4m 5
9m
17.
20
x 4x 12
19.
2
2y 1
2p 3
p 5p 6
2a
2a
36
22.
a3
a3
a2 9
12
5
p 9
1
5n
20.
2
2
5
23.
y
y y2
18.
2
2
7 9m
2
9
a5
15.
2(x 3)(x 2)
16.
2
5
2x 12
4
a3
14. 2x 5
2(2 3n)
3n
3
4cd
2d 2 9c
x8
x4
4m
3mn
13. 2
16
x 16
1
6c d
12.
3
2
3
4
7
10n
21.
2p 2 2p 1
3(6 5n)
2
1
xy
xy
1
xy
1
r6
r2
r
r2 4r 3
r2 2r
24.
3x y
r4
5x
20
2 x4
10
x4
25. GEOMETRY The expressions , , and represent the lengths of the sides of a
triangle. Write a simplified expression for the perimeter of the triangle. 5(x3 4x 16)
26. KAYAKING Mai is kayaking on a river that has a current of 2 miles per hour. If r
represents her rate in calm water, then r 2 represents her rate with the current, and
r 2 represents her rate against the current. Mai kayaks 2 miles downstream and then
d
r
back to her starting point. Use the formula for time, t , where d is the distance, to
write a simplified expression for the total time it takes Mai to complete the trip.
4r
h
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
526
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-2
Pre-Activity
1
1
1
LCM
factor
factor
factor
.
each
number or
x2 3
x 5x 6
x4
x 4x 4x
2. To add
and
, you should first factor the
2
3
2
each fraction. Then use the factorizations to find the
x3 4x2 4x. This is the
LCD
LCM
the
denominator of
of x2 5x 6 and
3. When you add or subtract fractions, you often need to rewrite the fractions as equivalent
fractions. You do this so that the resulting equivalent fractions will each have a
denominator equal to the
LCD
4. To add or subtract two fractions that have the same denominator, you add or subtract
their
numerators
denominator .
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
527
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-2
1. a. In work with rational expressions, LCD stands for least common denominator
9-2
Enrichment
Superellipses
The circle and the ellipse are members of an interesting family of curves
that were first studied by the French physicist and mathematician Gabriel
Lam (17951870). The general equation for the family is
a
x n
y n
b
1, with a 0, b 0, and n 0.
For even values of n greater than 2, the curves are called superellipses.
3
2
y 2
x 2
a. 1
2
2
y 2
x 2
b. 1
3
2
1
3
1
2
3
a. a 2, b 3, n 4
b. a 2, b 3, n 6
c. a 2, b 3, n 8
2
x n
y n
2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
528
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-3
Rational Function
an equation of the form f(x) , where p(x) and q(x) are polynomial expressions and
q(x)
q(x) 0
Vertical Asymptote
of the Graph of a
Rational Function
An asymptote is a line that the graph of a function approaches, but never crosses.
If the simplified form of the related rational expression is undefined for x a,
then x a is a vertical asymptote.
Point Discontinuity
of the Graph of a
Rational Function
Point discontinuity is like a hole in a graph. If the original related expression is undefined
for x a but the simplified expression is defined for x a, then there is a hole in the
graph at x a.
Example
(4x 3)(x 1)
(x 1)(x 1)
f(x)
2
The function is undefined for x 1 and x 1.
(4x 3)(x 1)
(x 1)(x 1)
4x 3
x1
Determine the equations of any vertical asymptotes and the values of x for any
holes in the graph of each rational function.
4
x 3x 10
1. f(x)
2
asymptotes: x 2,
x 5
3x 1
3x 5x 2
4. f(x)
2
asymptote: x 2;
1
hole: x
x1
x 6x 5
7. f(x)
2
asymptotes: x 1,
x5
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
2x2 x 10
2x 5
2. f(x)
hole: x
x2 x 12
x 4x
3. f(x)
2
asymptote: x 0;
hole x 4
x2 6x 7
x 6x 7
6. f(x)
2x2 x 3
2x 3x 9
9. f(x)
2
5. f(x)
2
asymptotes: x 1,
x 7
8. f(x)
2
asymptote: x 3;
3
3x2 5x 2
x3
asymptote: x 3
x3 2x2 5x 6
x 4x 3
holes: x 1, x 3
hole: x
529
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-3
Exercises
9-3
(continued)
1
2
3
4
First see if the function has any vertical asymptotes or point discontinuities.
Draw any vertical asymptotes.
Make a table of values.
Plot the points and draw the graph.
x1
x 2x 3
x1
x1
1
or
x2 2x 3
(x 1)(x 3)
x3
Example
Graph f(x)
.
2
f (x )
2.5 2
2
1 3.5 4
2
0.5
5
1 0.5
Exercises
Graph each rational function.
3
x1
2x 1
x3
2
x
1. f(x)
2. f(x)
3. f(x)
f (x )
f (x )
f (x )
4
O
8x
4
8
x2 x 6
x3
2
(x 3)
4. f(x) 2
x2 6x 8
x x2
5. f(x)
6. f(x)
2
f (x )
f (x )
f (x )
O
O
O
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
530
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-3
Skills Practice
Graphing Rational Functions
Determine the equations of any vertical asymptotes and the values of x for any
holes in the graph of each rational function.
10
x 13x 36
3
x 2x 8
2. f(x)
2
x 12
x 10x 24
4. f(x)
2
x2 8x 12
x2
6. f(x)
1. f(x)
2
asymptotes: x 4, x 2
asymptotes: x 4, x 9
x1
x 4x 3
3. f(x)
2
asymptote: x 3; hole: x 1
x2 x 12
x3
5. f(x)
hole: x 2
hole: x 3
10
x
8. f(x)
f (x )
9. f(x)
f (x )
f (x )
2
O
2
x1
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
12. f(x)
f (x )
531
x2 4
x2
11. f(x)
f (x )
x
x2
10. f(x)
f (x )
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-3
3
x
7. f(x)
9-3
Practice
(Average)
3. f(x)
2
x2 2x 24
x6
6. f(x)
x3
x2
9. f(x) 2
6
x 3x 10
2. f(x)
2
x2 100
x 10
5. f(x)
1. f(x)
2
asymptotes: x 2,
x 5
4. f(x)
x2
x 4x 4
asymptote: x 3;
hole: x 7
hole: x 10
asymptote: x 2
x2 9x 20
x5
hole: x 6
hole: x 5
7. f(x)
f (x )
3x
(x 3)
8. f(x)
f (x )
10. PAINTING Working alone, Tawa can give the shed a coat of paint
in 6 hours. It takes her father x hours working alone to give the
f (x )
6x
6x
4500
d
modeled by I(d)
2 . Graph the function I(d)
2 for
0
I
80 and 0
d
80. What is the illumination in
foot-candles that the object receives at a distance of 20 feet
from the light source? 11.25 foot-candles
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
532
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-3
Pre-Activity
$10
If each student pays $5, how many students contributed?
30 students
x2 25
x 6x 9
B. g(x) x
A. f(x)
C. h(x)
2
continuity
or as point discontinuities .
asymptotes
as vertical
II.
Graph I has a
Graph II has a
at x
point discontinuity
at x
vertical asymptote
2
2
Lesson 9-3
.
.
f(x) II
x2 4
x2
g(x) I
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
533
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-3
Enrichment
B
A
yx6
y x 6
4x x 2
y
4x x 2
B
A
Graph each equation. State the type of curve for each graph.
1. y 6 x
4 x2
9
2. y x x
y
y
8
8
7
7
6
6
5
yx
5
4
y6x
3
3
2
2
1
1
O
1
5x
y
4x x 2
7 x
y
x
Use a separate sheet of graph paper to graph these equations. State the type of
curve for each graph.
3. y 2x
7 6
x x2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
4. y 2x 2x
534
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-4
y varies directly as x if there is some nonzero constant k such that y kx. k is called the
constant of variation.
Joint Variation
y varies jointly as x and z if there is some number k such that y kxz, where x 0 and z 0.
Example
Direct proportion
16
20
x2
4
y1 16, x1 4, and y2 20
y2
y1
x1z1
x2 z2
Joint variation
y2
10
24
43
y1 10, x1 2, z1 4, x2 4,
and z2 3
120 8y2
Simplify.
y2 15
Divide each side by 8.
The value of y is 15 when x 4 and z 3.
Exercises
1. If y varies directly as x and y 9 when
x 6, find y when x 8. 12
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
535
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-4
9-4
(continued)
Inverse Variation
Example
a2
a1
b2
b1
a2
8
4
12
a1 8, b1 12, b2 4
Exercises
Find each value.
1. If y varies inversely as x and y 12 when x 10, find y when x 15. 8
2. If y varies inversely as x and y 9 when x 45, find y when x 27. 15
3. If y varies inversely as x and y 100 when x 38, find y when x 76. 50
4. If y varies inversely as x and y 32 when x 42, find y when x 24. 56
5. If y varies inversely as x and y 36 when x 10, find y when x 30. 12
6. If y varies inversely as x and y 75 when x 12, find y when x 10. 90
7. If y varies inversely as x and y 18 when x 124, find y when x 93. 24
8. If y varies inversely as x and y 90 when x 35, find y when x 50. 63
9. If y varies inversely as x and y 42 when x 48, find y when x 36. 56
10. If y varies inversely as x and y 44 when x 20, find y when x 55. 16
11. If y varies inversely as x and y 80 when x 14, find y when x 35. 32
12. If y varies inversely as x and y 3 when x 8, find y when x 40. 0.6
13. If y varies inversely as x and y 16 when x 42, find y when x 14. 48
14. If y varies inversely as x and y 9 when x 2, find y when x 5. 3.6
15. If y varies inversely as x and y 23 when x 12, find y when x 15. 18.4
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
536
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-4
Skills Practice
Direct, Joint, and Inverse Variation
State whether each equation represents a direct, joint, or inverse variation. Then
name the constant of variation.
4
q
1
2
1. c 12m direct; 12
2. p inverse; 4
3. A bh joint;
4. rw 15 inverse; 15
5. y 2rst joint; 2
9. t 16rh joint; 16
8
w
10. R inverse; 8
a
b
1
3
11. direct;
12. C 2r direct; 2
19. If y varies jointly as x and z and y 120 when x 4 and z 6, find y when x 3
and z 2. 30
20. If y varies inversely as x and y 2 when x 2, find y when x 1. 4
21. If y varies inversely as x and y 6 when x 5, find y when x 10. 3
22. If y varies inversely as x and y 3 when x 14, find x when y 6. 7
23. If y varies inversely as x and y 27 when x 2, find x when y 9. 6
24. If y varies directly as x and y 15 when x 5, find x when y 36. 12
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
537
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-4
18. If y varies jointly as x and z and y 16 when x 4 and z 2, find y when x 1
and z 7. 14
9-4
Practice
(Average)
5.
direct;
6. 2d mn
joint;
1.25
g
7. h
inverse; 1.25
3
4x
8. y
inverse;
56
64
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
538
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-4
Pre-Activity
How is variation used to find the total cost given the unit cost?
Read the introduction to Lesson 9-4 at the top of page 492 in your textbook.
For each additional student who enrolls in a public college, the total
high-tech spending will
$149
increase
(increase/decrease) by
decrease
$14,900
(increase/decrease) by
a. m varies inversely as n. m
b. s varies directly as r. s kr
c. t varies jointly as p and q. t kpq
2. Which type of variation, direct or inverse, is represented by each graph?
inverse
b.
direct
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
539
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-4
a.
9-4
Enrichment
Example
2 3x
1xx
Assume that the expression equals a series of the form A Bx Cx2 Dx3 .
Then multiply both sides of the equation by the denominator 1 x x2.
2 3x
A Bx Cx2 Dx3
1 x x2
1. 2
2
1x
2.
1
1x
3.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
540
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-5
Identify Graphs
Function
Description of Graph
Constant
Direct Variation
a line that passes through the origin and is neither horizontal nor vertical
Identity
a line that passes through the point (a, a), where a is any real number
Greatest Integer
a step function
Absolute Value
V-shaped graph
Quadratic
a parabola
Square Root
Rational
Inverse Variation
Exercises
Identify the function represented by each graph.
2.
3.
O
O
quadratic
4.
rational
direct variation
5.
constant
7.
6.
absolute value
8.
identity
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
greatest integer
9.
x
O
square root
541
inverse variation
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-5
1.
9-5
(continued)
Classes of Functions
Identify Equations
Function
General Equation
Constant
ya
Direct Variation
y ax
Identity
yx
Greatest Integer
Absolute Value
Quadratic
y ax 2 bx c, where a 0
Square Root
Rational
y
Inverse Variation
y
||
p(x)
q(x)
a
x
Exercises
Identify the function represented by each equation. Then graph the equation.
6
x
4
3
O
O
4. y | 3x | 1 absolute
value
2x
2
x
5. y inverse variation 6. y
7. y
x 2 square root
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
9. y rational
542
x2 5x 6
x2
8. y 3.2 constant
greatest
integer
x2
2
3. y quadratic
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-5
Skills Practice
Classes of Functions
2.
3.
constant
direct variation
quadratic
A. y |x 1|
4.
B. y
C. y
1x
5.
D. y x 1
6.
O
O
Identify the type of function represented by each equation. Then graph the
equation.
8. y 2x
inverse variation
or rational
9. y 3x
greatest integer
y
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
direct variation
543
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-5
2
x
7. y
9-5
Practice
(Average)
Classes of Functions
Identify the type of function represented by each graph.
1.
2.
3.
rational
square root
absolute value
x3
2
B. y 2x 1
C. y
5.
D. y x
6.
Identify the type of function represented by each equation. Then graph the
equation.
7. y 3
x2 5x 6
x2
9. y
8. y 2x2 1
y
constant
quadratic
rational
10. BUSINESS A startup company uses the function P 1.3x2 3x 7 to predict its profit or
loss during its first 7 years of operation. Describe the shape of the graph of the function.
of parking for 6 days. The graph looks like a series of steps, similar to a
greatest integer function, but with open circles on the left and closed
circles on the right; $58.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
544
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-5
Pre-Activity
about 15 pounds
Although the graph does not extend far enough to the right to read it
directly from the graph, use the weight you found above and your
knowledge that this graph represents direct variation to estimate the
weight on Mars of a woman who weighs 120 pounds on Earth.
about 45 pounds
d.
III
II
b.
e.
IV
VI
c.
f.
2. How can the symbolic definition of absolute value that you learned in Lesson 1-4 help
you to remember the graph of the function f(x) | x |? Sample answer: Using the
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
545
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-5
9-5
Enrichment
Partial Fractions
It is sometimes an advantage to rewrite a rational expression as the sum of
two or more fractions. For example, you might do this in a calculus course
while carrying out a procedure called integration.
You can resolve a rational expression into partial fractions if two conditions
are met:
(1) The degree of the numerator must be less than the degree of the
denominator; and
(2) The factors of the denominator must be known.
Example
3
x 1
Resolve
3 into partial fractions.
Now, multiply both sides of the equation by x3 1 to clear the fractions and
finish the problem by solving for the coefficients A, B, and C.
A
3
Bx C
3
2
x
1
x 1
x x1
3 A(x2 x 1) (x 1)(Bx C)
3 Ax2 Ax A Bx2 Cx Bx C
3 (A B)x2 (B C A)x (A C)
Equating each term, 0x2 (A B)x2
0x (B C A)x
3 (A C)
1
x1
3
x 1
x 2
x x1
.
Therefore, A 1, B 1, C 2, and
3
2
A
x1
B
x3
1.
2
6x 7
(x 2)
A
x2
B
(x 2)
2. 2 2
C
B
D
A
4x3 x2 3x 2
3.
2 2
2
2
x (x 1)
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
x1
(x 1)
546
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-6
Example
Solve .
9(x 1) 2(10)
9x 9 20
5x
x
Check
9
2
10
x1
9
2
10
5 1
9
2
10
4
18
10
20
20
8
20
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
4(x 1)
4x 4
25
5
Original equation
x 5
Multiply.
Distributive Property
Subtract 4x and 29 from each side.
Divide each side by 5.
Simplify.
Simplify.
Simplify.
Exercises
Solve each equation.
2y
3
y3
6
4t 3
5
1. 2 5
3m 2
5m
2m 1
2m
4 2t
3
2. 1 2
4
x1
x1
12
4. 4 5. 7
2x 1
3
x5
4
13
1
2
3.
x
x2
4
x2
6. 10
7. NAVIGATION The current in a river is 6 miles per hour. In her motorboat Marissa can
travel 12 miles upstream or 16 miles downstream in the same amount of time. What is
the speed of her motorboat in still water? 42 mph
8. WORK Adam, Bethany, and Carlos own a painting company. To paint a particular house
1
2
alone, Adam estimates that it would take him 4 days, Bethany estimates 5 days, and
Carlos 6 days. If these estimates are accurate, how long should it take the three of them
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
547
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-6
9-6
(continued)
2
3n
Example
4
5n
2
3
Solve .
Step 1 The value of 0 is excluded since this value would result in a denominator of 0.
Step 2 Solve the related equation.
2
4
2
3n
5n
3
2
4
2
15n 15n
3n
5n
3
Related equation
10 12 10n
22 10n
2.2 n
Test n 1.
2
4
2
is true.
3
5
3
2.2
2 3
Test n 1.
Test n 3.
2
4
2
is not true.
3
5
3
2
4
2
is true.
9
15
3
Exercises
Solve each inequality.
3
a1
1
x
1. 3
1
a 0
3
2x
2
x
1
2p
2. 4x
1
4
4.
2
x
0
x or 0
x
4
x1
5
x
5. 2
x
0 or
x
1
or x 5
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
4
5p
2
3
3.
548
39
0
p
3
x 1
2
x1
6.
1
2
x
1 or 0
x
1
or x 2
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-6
Skills Practice
Solving Rational Equations and Inequalities
x
x1
1
2
2. 2
6
2
9
3x
2
z
3. 1
2
d1
4. 3 z 1, 2
s3
5
1
d2
3
2
12
y
7. 3
x2
x4
8. y 7 3, 4
x1
x 10
10. 0 k 0
5
v
12. n
n
3 or 0
n
3
3
k
9. 8
3
v
11. 2
0
v
4
1
2m
3
m
5
2
13.
0
m
1
9x 7
x2
15
x
2q
q1
5
n 9
2
n3
19.
4
2
x8
2x 2
x
2x 2
2e
e 4
1
e2
2x 3
x1
21.
2
e2
23.
6
2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
3
n
1
2x
12
n
2
x
14.
1 0
x
b2
b1
16. 4 4
17. 2 5
1
n3
4
3k
3b 2
b1
15. 9 3
5
2q
8
s
6. 5, 8
5. 5
2x 3
x1
1 12
3
4
n
1. 1
Lesson 9-6
4
z
8z 8 2
z2
18. 8
1
w2
1
w2
4
w 4
20.
2
12s 19
s 7s 12
3
s3
5
s4
22.
2
2
8
t 9
4
t3
2
t3
24.
5
2
549
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-6
Practice
(Average)
3
4
3
2
p 10
p 2
4
p
3.
, 4
2
5
y5
y
y5
9
2t 1
7.
t
5 or
t
0
1
w3
4
w2
9. 2
4
5x
1
10
3
2x
1
3p
s
s2
5s 8
s2
1
3x 2
5
x
6. 0
1
2h
11
3
h1
5
h
8.
3
a
7
a
3
y
19
y
10. 5
0
a
2
11.
0
x
7
4
p
x
2
4. s 4
x
x1
2. 1 1, 2
1. 16
12. 8 y
0 or y 2
65
1
5
6
x1
13.
p
0 or p
4
x2
2
x1
14.
b3
b1
g
g2
2
g2
16. b 1 2
2b
b1
x2
x3
x 2 14
x6
18. 5 6
15. g 1
3d 2
d1
17. 2
2d 4
d2
5
3
1
n2
1
n2
3
3
n 4
20. 4
, 5
2
3
k3
4
k4
25
k 7k 12
22.
1, 2
2
y
y2
7
y5
14
y 3y 10
24.
2
r
r4
4
r4
r2 16
r 16
26. 3 2
c1
c3
19.
2
4v
v1
21.
7
2
x2 4
x 4
23.
0
2
12
c 2c 3
5v
v2
x
2x
6a 1
2a 7
25.
2
2
v 3v 2
2
x2
22
a5
27. BASKETBALL Kiana has made 9 of 19 free throws so far this season. Her goal is to make
60% of her free throws. If Kiana makes her next x free throws in a row, the function
9x
19 x
f(x) represents Kianas new ratio of free throws made. How many successful free
throws in a row will raise Kianas percent made to 60%? 6
1
p
1
q
1
f
28. OPTICS The lens equation relates the distance p of an object from a lens, the
distance q of the image of the object from the lens, and the focal length f of the lens.
What is the distance of an object from a lens if the image of the object is 5 centimeters
from the lens and the focal length of the lens is 4 centimeters? 20 cm
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
550
Glencoe Algebra 2
9-6
Pre-Activity
2. Suppose that on a quiz you are asked to solve the rational inequality 0.
z2
z
Complete the steps of the solution.
2
and
3
6
0
z (z 2)
4
Step 3 Divide a number line into
regions using the excluded values and the
solution of the related equation. Draw dashed vertical lines on the number line
below to show these regions.
6 5 4 3 2 1
3
z2
6
z
3
6
z2
z
3
6
If z 1, 5.
z2
z
If z 5, 0.2.
If z 3, 1.
Using this information and your number line, write the solution of the inequality.
z
4 or 2
z
0
They are alike because both use the LCD of all the rational expressions
in the problem. They are different because in an addition problem, the
LCD remains after the fractions are added, while in solving a rational
equation, the LCD is eliminated.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
551
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-6
9-6
Enrichment
Limits
Sequences of numbers with a rational expression for the general term often
approach some number as a finite limit. For example, the reciprocals of the
positive integers approach 0 as n gets larger and larger. This is written using
the notation shown below. The symbol stands for infinity and n means
that n is getting larger and larger, or n goes to infinity.
1
n
1 1 1
2 3 4
Example
1
n
lim 0
n2
n (n 1)
Find lim
2
2
n
n2
2
1
n
2n
2
n
n2
n2
2
1
1 2
n
1n
2. lim
2
2(n 1) 1
3. lim
2n 1
4. lim
n 6
2n 1
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
552
1 3n
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
SCORE
Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.
Simplify each expression.
24mn
1.
2
18m
3m
A.
4n
4mn
B.
4n
C.
D. 4
1.
B. 24
C. 12a 12
D. 24a
2.
xy
y3
B.
C.
x3 x2y xy2 y3
D. 1
3.
B. m
C. 1mn
m2
D.
4.
4
B. 1
10p 4
C.
10 4p
D.
5.
B. 17
1
C. 1
D. 8
6.
3m
a2
A. 12
2
y
y
3.
2
2
x y
xy
1
A.
y(x y)
4.
y(x y)
m2
5n3
m
n2
A. 5mn
5n
10
4
5.
pq
q
10 4p
A.
pq2
q(p 1)
pq
pq
6. 4 9
k1
2(k 1)
A. 13
2(k 1)
2(k 1)
k1
B. 300x3y2
C. 10x
D. 40x2y2
7.
8. 3z 12, 6z 24
A. 18(z 4)
B. 3(z 4)
C. 6(z 4)
D. z 4
8.
x1
9. Which is an equation of the vertical asymptote of the graph of f(x)
?
x2
A. y 1
B. y 2
C. x 2
D. x 1
x1
C. f(x) x
x1
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
9.
f (x )
B. f(x) 2
x1
D. f(x) x
x1
553
10.
Glencoe Algebra 2
Assessment
10
6a 12
2.
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
(continued)
D. combined
11.
12.
A. direct
B. joint
C. inverse
D. reverse
13.
14.
For Questions 15 and 16, identify the function represented by each graph.
15.
16.
y
x
A.
B.
C.
D.
absolute value
greatest integer
direct variation
quadratic
15.
A.
B.
C.
D.
identity
constant
inverse variation
rational
16.
17.
A. 7
B. 5
C. 7
D. 5
18.
B. 1, 5
C. 1
D.
19.
A. m 5 or m
8
C. 2 m 5
B. m 2 or m
5
D. 5 m 8
20.
B:
x2 9
the values of x for any holes in the graph of f(x)
.
x2 3x
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
554
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
SCORE
Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.
m2 2m 1
1. For what value(s) of m is the expression
undefined?
2
A. 3, 0, 1
2
2m m 3
C. 3, 1
2
D. 3
1.
B. 2
(x 4)2
C.
2
x4
D.
2.
B. 4
C. 4
4(a b)
D.
2
2
3.
B. 12s 36
s3
C.
D. 3
4.
B. 3
6n 3
C.
2
6n 3
D.
2
5.
m2
B.
m2
C.
2m
D.
2
6.
B. 1, 3
2
2(x 1)
2(x 1)
ab
a2 b2
3.
12
ab
A.
4(a2 b2)
3
4.
ab
4s2 36
8s2 24s
12s 36
2s2 6s
s3
A.
12
ab
s3
a b
3
6n
5.
2
n 9
n3
3
A.
n3
n3
n n 12
n 9
6. m 2
m5
5m
2m
A.
m5
m5
m5
(m 5)
B. 15(p 4)
8. t2 8t 15, t2 t 20
A. (t 3)(t 5)(t 4)
C. (t 3)(t 5)(t 4)
C. p 4
D. 5(p 4)
B. (t 3)(t 5)(t 4)
D. (t 3)(t 5)(t 4)
7.
8.
x1
A. x 1
C. x 2, x 3
B. x 2
D. y 1
9.
x5
10. Determine the values of x for any holes in the graph of f(x)
.
2
x 6x 5
A. x 5
C. x 1
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
B. x 5
D. x 1, x 5
555
10.
Glencoe Algebra 2
Assessment
x 2x 1
A. 1
2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
(continued)
f (x )
B. f(x) 3
x2
C. f(x) x
x2
x2
D. f(x) x
x2
11.
B. 60
15
D. 4
C. 60
12.
15
13. The area A of a triangle varies jointly as the lengths of its base b and
height h. If A 75 when b 15 and h 10, find A when b 8 and h 6.
A. 12
B. 48
C. 24
D. 96
13.
B. 6
D. 1
C. 3
14.
15. The distance a car can travel on a certain amount of fuel varies inversely
with its speed. If a car traveling 50 miles per hour can travel 300 miles on
10 gallons of fuel, how far could the car travel on 10 gallons of fuel at
60 miles per hour?
A. 250 mi
B. 360 mi
C. 275 mi
D. 300 mi
15.
16.
x 9
17. Identify the type of function represented by y
.
2
x3
A. quadratic
C. inverse variation
B. rational
D. direct variation
17.
12 4n
18. Solve n n
.
n4
n4
A. 4, 3
B. 3, 4
C. 4
D. 3
18.
B. b 0 or b
1
C. 0 b 1
D. b 1
19.
A. b
0
20. Tomas can do a job in 4 hours. Julia can do the same job in 6 hours. How
many hours will it take the two of them to do the job if they work together?
A. 3.5
B. 2.4
C. 5
D. 2
1 3
x
Bonus Simplify
.
4
1 32
x
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
20.
B:
556
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
SCORE
Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.
x2 4x 4
1. For what value(s) of x is the expression
undefined?
2
A. 1, 0, 2
2
B. 1, 2
2
2x 3x 2
C. 2, 1
2
D. 1
1.
C. 3
D. 3
2.
t1
m 2n
m2 4n2
3.
10
A. 5
3(m 2n)
C. 4
m 2n
4.
B. 5
3(m 2n)
3.
B. b 2
C. 2b 4
D. b 2
4.
33
B.
2
C. 3
3(m 15)
D.
5.
m7
B.
m7
C.
D. 7
6.
3b2 12
6b2 12b
5b 10
10b2 20b
b2
A.
b2
3
30
5.
2
m 25
m5
3m 25
A.
m2 25
m 25
m5
(m 5)(m 5)
6. 7 m
m6
6m
7m
A.
m6
m6
m6
6m
C. 7(m 3)
8. t2 t 12, t2 2t 24
A. (t 3)(t 4)(t 6)
C. (t 3)(t 4)(t 6)
B. (t 3)(t 4)(t 6)
D. (t 3)(t 4)(t 6)
D. 14(m 3)
7.
8.
A. x 1
B. x 3
C. x 3, x 1
D. y 2
9.
x3
10. Determine the values of x for any holes in the graph of f(x)
.
2
x 5x 6
A. x 3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
B. x 3
C. x 2, x 3 D. x 2
557
10.
Glencoe Algebra 2
Assessment
3t 3
t2 2t 3
2.
2
2
NAME
DATE
(continued)
PERIOD
f (x )
B. f(x) 3
(x 3)(x 1)
D. f(x) 3
(x 3)(x 1)
x1
x3
C. f(x)
x1
D. 15
11.
12.
13. SALES An appliance store manager noted that weekly sales varied directly
with the amount of money spent on advertising. If last weeks sales were
$10,000 and $2000 was spent on advertising, what should sales be during
a week that $1200 was spent on advertising?
A. $4800
B. $6000
C. $16,667
D. $50,000
13.
B. 2
C. 5
9
D. 9
14.
15. The distance a car can travel on a certain amount of fuel varies inversely
with its speed. If a car traveling 50 miles per hour can travel 336 miles on
10 gallons of fuel, how far could the car travel on 10 gallons of fuel at
60 miles per hour?
A. 315 mi
B. 320 mi
C. 403.2 mi
D. 280 mi
15.
16.
17.
7n 18
18. Solve n n
.
n3
n3
A. 3
B. 6
C. 3, 6
D. 3, 6
18.
18
19. Solve 7 3
.
m
A. m 0 or m
3
C. m
3
B. 0 m 3
D. m 0
19.
20. The sum of a number and 16 times its reciprocal is 10. Find the number(s).
A. 8 or 2
B. 2 or 8
C. 4
D. 4
1 2
x
Bonus Simplify
.
1
1 22
x
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
20.
B:
558
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
x 9
1. For what value(s) of x is the expression
2
2
2x 3x 9
SCORE
1.
undefined?
x
x
2.
2
2.
3b2 3b 6 b2 25
3.
2
3.
x 64
x8
b 6b 5
6b 12
3m2 75
6m2 30m
4m 20
9m2 45m
4.
8
5. 2
2
5.
6. 5 2
6.
4.
x 4
x2
3m 1
1 3m
Assessment
7.
8. n2 2n 8, n2 2n 24
8.
9.
x3
x 2x 8
10. f(x)
2
10.
x2
x3
11. Graph the rational function f(x)
.
x2
11.
f (x )
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
559
12.
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
(continued)
13.
14.
16.
17.
18.
47
19. 9 2
19.
20.
x2
Bonus Solve
x2
1
1
x2
x3
1
1
x2
x3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
1.
B:
560
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
x2 x 6
1. For what value(s) of x is the expression
2
2x x 10
SCORE
1.
undefined?
Simplify each expression.
2
x 25
2.
x5
m 2m 8
4m 4
3.
2
2
2
3m 15m 12
4.
3.
8m 16m
12y2 48
8y2 16y
9y 18
4y2 8y
4.
18
5. 3
2
5.
6. 3 2
6.
x3
2n 1
Assessment
x
x
2.
2
x 9
1 2n
7.
8. n2 6n 5, n2 3n 10
8.
9.
3
10. f(x)
2
10.
x 7x 10
11.
f (x )
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
561
12.
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
(continued)
13.
14.
16.
17.
1
y 1
.
x
18.
8r 3
45
19.
19.
x3
2x 6
Bonus Solve
1
1
x5
x1
1
1
x5
x1
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
1.
20.
B:
562
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
2x x 10
1. For what value(s) of x is the expression
3
2
2
6x 13x 5x
SCORE
1.
undefined?
3x2 12x 12
4x2 9
2.
2
3
2
2.
g2 5g 4
g2 8g 16
3.
2
3.
2x x 6
3x x 10x
5g 5
4.
g g 12
3m 4n
4m 3n
3m 4n
4m 3n
4.
9a2 4b2
3a
2b
5.
2
2
9a 4b
Assessment
2b 3a
5.
3a 2b
(2 n) 1 1
n
2
6.
6.
7.
f (x )
(x 3)
x 4
9. f(x)
2
9.
2x 4
f (x )
10.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
563
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
(continued)
Population
in 2000
Atlanta
416,000
Charleston
97,000
Raleigh
276,000
Tallahassee
151,000
kP P2
.
between the cities. That is, C 1
d2
11.
12. About 17,100 calls are made each day between Atlanta and
Tallahassee. Find the distance between the cities to the
nearest mile.
12.
13.
14.
x
15.
16.
3n 1
1
17. 2
2
17.
y3
y y6
n5
n 3n 10
3x
y2
n2
19. 4
z 3
1z
18.
19.
20.
B:
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
564
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
SCORE
Assessment
(x 10) in.
x(x 2)
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
565
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
asymptote
complex fraction
constant of variation
joint variation
point discontinuity
rational equation
SCORE
rational expression
rational function
rational inequality
joint variation).
x 6x 9
2. r(x)
is an example of a (complex fraction, rational function,
2
2
x 5x 6
rational expression).
3. The graph of y 3 has a(n) (asymptote, point discontinuity,
x5
constant of variation).
4. Adding or subtracting rational expressions requires you to find a(n)
(least common denominator, asymptote, complex fraction).
5. The formula for simple interest, I Prt, is an example of
(direct variation, inverse variation, joint variation).
x5
6. The graph of y
has a break in (asymptote, discontinuity, continuity)
at x 3.
x3
rational function).
8. If you walk at a steady speed, your speed and the time it takes to
walk 1 mile are (asymptotes, inversely proportional, direct variations)
to each other.
9. The equation C d gives the circumference of a circle in terms of its
diameter. Here, is called the (constant of variation, point discontinuity,
asymptote).
10. If the rational expression in a rational function is not written
in lowest terms, the graph of the function may have a (continuity,
constant of variation, point discontinuity).
In your own words
Define each term.
11. rational expression
12. complex fraction
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
566
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
Chapter 9 Quiz
SCORE
12a3n 6x7n5
1.
2
4 5
2
x n
3x 12
9a n
x3
2x 24
3.
x4
x1
2x2
x2
4.
x 5x 6
p2 3p
2
p 6p 9
20
4p 12
1.
2.
3.
4.
A. 5, 2
B. 0, 2, 5
C. 2
D. 0, 2
E. 5, 2
7. 5x2 20, 3x 6
7.
8.
9.
7
5y
10.
y2 3y
3y
NAME
5.
6.
8. 2t2 3t 1, 2t2 7t 4
9. 72 2
m n
5mn
Assessment
x 7x 10
10.
DATE
PERIOD
Chapter 9 Quiz
SCORE
(Lesson 93)
For Questions 13, determine the equations of any
vertical asymptotes and the values of x for any holes
in the graph of each rational function.
3
1. f(x)
2
1.
x x2
2.
x3
2. f(x)
2
x 2x 3
3.
4.
f (x )
x2 2x 8
3. f(x)
x4
x3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
567
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
Chapter 9 Quiz
SCORE
1.
2.
4.
3.
4.
x
O
O
5.
y
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
Chapter 9 Quiz
SCORE
(Lesson 96)
For Questions 14, solve each equation or inequality.
x7
1
1. 6
1.
t5
t3
1
2.
2.
3. 3 2
8
3.
4. 6
2
4.
5.
x2
t3
x2
t3
t3
m5
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
568
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
SCORE
A. 4, 9
B. 4, 3, 0, 3
C. 4, 0, 3, 9
D. 4, 3, 3
1.
C. 3y 1
D. 3y 1
2.
B. 3
c4
C.
c4
D.
3.
m(m2 4)
B.
C. m 2
4(m 2)
D.
4.
4w 9
B.
C. 1
D. 1
5.
A. 3y 1
B. 3y 1
Assessment
2y 1
c2 c 20
c2 16
3.
2
c 6c 5
A. 3
c4
4.
3c 3
c4
3m2 12
4m2 8m
6m 12
8m2 16m
9(m 2)
A.
2
16m (m 2)
m2
4w
10w
4w 21
A.
20w
20w
20w
4w
Part II
x
1
6. Simplify
.
2
2
x x6
6.
x 6x 8
7.
8. 9c 15, 21c 35
8.
9.
x3
values of x for any holes in the graph of f(x)
.
x2 x 12
f (x )
10.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
569
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
1 5
1. Determine whether C
and D
3 1
inverses.
(Lesson 4-7)
1
16
are
5
16
2
1
5
w 3 . (Lesson 5-7)
2.
1.
(Lesson 6-4)
3.
4.
(Lesson 6-7)
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. Simplify
9y2 36
5y2 10y
. (Lesson 9-1)
6y 12
10y2 20y
10.
11.
12.
8(0.15) x(0.75)
of acid in the resulting solution is f(x)
,
8x
570
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
H. 15c
6.
D. 8
7.
8.
9.
10. Sonia purchased 5 pencils and 2 pens for $5.10. Wai purchased
8 of the same type of pencil and 6 of the same type of pen, and
spent $13.20. What is the cost of 2 pencils and one pen?
E. $2.10
F. $3.90
G. $1.80
H. $2.40
10.
B. 1
C. 2
D. 9
15
F.
c
G. 30c2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
571
Glencoe Algebra 2
Assessment
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
(continued)
Part 2: Grid In
Instructions: Enter your answer by writing each digit of the answer in a column box
and then shading in the appropriate oval that corresponds to that entry.
11.
12.
.
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
61
a
25
18
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
14.
.
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Column A
Column B
R h1
15.
R
16.
p
n
16.
17.
18.
p
3
2
2; 3
t
s
y
0
3y3 y2
y2
3y 1
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
m n p 3m
18.
h
m
17.
15.
572
Glencoe Algebra 2
NAME
DATE
PERIOD
10
15
17
11
12
13
14
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
16
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
19
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
18
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
20
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
23
22
24
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
25
A1
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
For Questions 1420, also enter your answer by writing each number or symbol in
a box. Then fill in the corresponding oval for that number or symbol.
____________ PERIOD _____
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
20t2
9r s
A2
x2 8x 16
2x 2
x2 2x 8
x1
a
b
2a2b 2
5
4m5
m1
3m3 3m
6m
ac
bd
c
d
ad
bc
x4
2(x 2)
x2 x 6 x 2
x 6x 27 x 9
2m 1
4m2 1
9.
4m 8
m2 3m 10
16p2 8p 1
4p2 7p 2
8.
14p4
7p5
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
p(4p 1)
2(p 2)
517
6xy4
25z
4
(2m 1)(m 5)
y
18xz2
5y
15z
7. 3
5
m3 9m
m 9
6.
m
2
2
(m 3)2
m 6m 9
c2 3c
c 25
c
c2 4c 5
c 4c 3 c 5
Glencoe Algebra 2
3.
2
5.
2
2
4x2 12x 9 3 2x
9 6x
3
2.
4.
2m 2(m 1)
4
1.
4
(2ab2)3
20ab
Exercises
(x 4)(x 4)(x 1)
2(x 1)(x 2)(x 4)
x2 8x 16
x2 2x 8
x1
x2 8x 16
2x 2
x1
2x 2
x2 2x 8
c.
c
d
3rrsss225tt
3r2s3 20t2
22ss
4s2
2
5tttt33rrrs
3rtt
5t4
9r3s
3rt
b.
4
3
3r2s3
5t
24a5b2
a
b
2223aaaaabb
3a
2
2222aaaabbbb
(2ab)4
2b
(2ab)
a.
4
24a5b2
c
d
a
b
Example
c
d
a
b
9-1
3s 1
s
3s 8s 3
s4
Simplify
.
2
xyz
a
b4
(b 1)(b 2)
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
b2 16
b2
b2 6b 8
8.
b2 b 2
a2 a 2
a2 16
a2
a4
6.
a2 3a 4
2b
b2 100
2(b 10)
b2
4.
3b2 31b 10 b(3b 1)
b2
x3 y 2 z
2
a b2
s3
s3
1.
5
a3x2y
Simplify.
s3
c4x2y
a2bc3
2
x y2
x4
x2 6x 9
b2 1
3b 2
x3
x2 x 2
3
2
1
x5
x 6x x 30
9.
x1
5x2 7x 2
2x2 9x 9
x1
7.
x3
10x2 19x 6
3x
1
(x 3)(x 2)
3b2 b 2
Glencoe Algebra 2
3.
(b 1)2
b1
5.
x2 2x 8
518
ac7
by
Simplify.
Factor.
2.
ab2
s4
3s 8s 3
(3s 1)s4
s(3s 1)(s 3)
3s 1
s
2
Exercises
s4
s
3s 1
3s2 8s 3
s
3s2 8s 3
s4
3s 1
Example
(continued)
9-1
Answers
(Lesson 9-1)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-1
3x
2y
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
x2
x2 4
(x 2)(x 1) x 1
A3
q2 2q
6q
t2 19t 84
4t 4
15.
3x
x 4
w2 6w 7
w3
5
2c d
4
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
19.
c2
2d2
c6
5d
1
x2 5x 4
17. (3x2 3x)
2x 8
6x
(w 8)(w 7)
w2 5w 24
w1
3x2
x2
32z 7
35v y
20.
519
a2 b2
4a
ab
2a
ab
2
Glencoe Algebra 2
(4a 5)(a 4)
16a2 40a 25
4a 5
18.
3a2 10a 8
a2 8a 16
3a 2
16.
2
t 12
2t 2
t 9t 14 2(t 2)
14.
2
q
q2 4
3q
2(q 2)
12.
5 7
12 5
2
25y5
14z v
x(x 2)
13.
2
1
3g y
80y4
49z v
7g
y
3
11.
2 21g
2 2
1
s2
10s
2s (s 2)
10.
2
5
3
3m n3
8.
2n
6
4
mn 2
6.
5s2
s 4
10(ef)3
8e f
b
5a
2
4
4.
4y24
y
8y2(y6)3
5ab3
25a b
2.
2 2
6e
9.
2
5
24e3
5f
3a2 24a a 8
7.
3a2 12a a 4
5.
9
18
2x 6 x 3
x6
3.
(x3)4
(x6)3
1.
2 2
21x3y
14x y
Skills Practice
9-1
(Average)
5ux 2
21yz
w2 n2
ya
ay
wn
xy
6
3x 6
x 9
2
6x2 12x
4x 12 x(x 3)
x3 23
x2 2x
(x 2)
x2 4x 4
x 2 2x 4
x(x 2)
2x 1
4x
21.
3
x
2x 1
x
19.
4x
x2 3x
x 5x 6
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Answers
520
x5
volume of the rectangular pyramid.
cm3
Glencoe Algebra 2
and a height of
centimeters. Write a rational expression to describe the
2
x2 3x 10
2x
x 2 units
5
2
2s 3
s2 10s 25
s4
(s 4)(s 5)
17.
2
2s2 7s 15
(s 4)
x2 y2
1
3
2(x y)
a3w2 a 2w 2
w y
y
22. GEOMETRY A right triangle with an area of x2 4 square units has a leg that
measures 2x 4 units. Determine the length of the other leg of the triangle.
x2 9
4
3x
8
2a 6
5a 10
20. 2(x 3)
9 a2
a 5a 6
18.
2
16.
2
5x
2
15.
3
24x2 xy
w
3w
5
w
14.
2
2xy 3
a5y3
wy
5x2
8x
13.
7
5 2
2
5x 1
25x2 1
x 10x 25 2(x 5)
x5
10x 2
x2 5x 24
6x 2x
n2 6n 1
n
n
11.
2
n5
n6
9.
8
2
12.
2
10. n w
2
4
ya 3
ay
6
8.
25x3
14u y
2u3y
15xz
7.
5
2 2
5
6.
4
3
x4 x3 2x2 x 2
x x
x
v5
3v 2
10y2 15y 2y 3
35y 5y 7y 1
3.
2
5.
2
4m 4n 2
9
25 v2
3v 13v 10
2k2 k 15 2k 5
k 9
k3
(2m3n2)3
18m n
4.
2
1
9a2b3
27a b c 3a bc
1.
4 4
2
2.
5 4
Practice
9-1
Answers
(Lesson 9-1)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-1
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A4
mints and
4
7
of the mixture is
4y
7y
divisor
multiply
by the
the
reciprocal
5
16
ii.
3
8
r5
iii.
r5
z
iv.
z1
z
r5
3
v.
r2 25
9
of
and
the
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
521
Glencoe Algebra 2
4. One way to remember something new is to see how it is similar to something you
already know. How can your knowledge of division of fractions in arithmetic help you to
understand how to divide rational expressions? Sample answer: To divide rational
7
i.
12
0
factor
numerators
the
multiply
the original
numerator and
factor
If the store manager adds another y pounds of mints to the mixture, what
fraction of the mixture will be mints?
3
7
Suppose that the Goodie Shoppe also sells a candy mixture of chocolate
mints and caramels. If this mixture is made with 4 pounds of chocolate
Read the introduction to Lesson 9-1 at the top of page 472 in your textbook.
Pre-Activity
9-1
Enrichment
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
522
x f1(x).
(f6 f4 )(x) f6[ f4(x)] f6
1 (x 1)
(1 x)
3. For the set of integers, what is the identity element for the operation of
multiplication? Justify your answer.
elements are used with the operation can affect the result.
Glencoe Algebra 2
05 Every element is its own inverse except for f4 and f6, each of which is the
inverse of the other.
04 Some experimentation with this group will show that the identity
element is f1.
1
x
(x 1)
x
1
f4(x) , f5(x) , and f6(x) .
(x 1)
(1 x)
x
Reading Algebra
9-1
Answers
(Lesson 9-1)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-1
____________ PERIOD _____
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A5
600a 4b 8
360p7q 3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
6x(x 3)2(x 1)
523
17. x3 4x2 x 4, x2 2x 3
Glencoe Algebra 2
(3x 2)2(x 4)
5x(x 3)(2x 1)
420x 2y 4
6.
45pq3
840s 2t 3v 3
156b 4c 3
5.
30p2q2,
24p7q,
40b8
15a4b,
50a2b2,
1980m 2n 5
280c 2d 4f 3
Example 2
130x 4y 4
126a 2b 2c 3
Exercises
Example 1
LCM of Polynomials
9-2
1
2
3
4
5
Answers
4
x1
x 1 x1
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
3x 3
x 2x 1
2
2
15b 4a 9b
5ac
3abc
y
3
5.
2
2
4a
3bc
4y2
2y
3.
7xy
3x
1.
Exercises
x
(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
2x
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
524
4
4x 4x 1
Glencoe Algebra 2
2x 2 9x 4
5x
20x 5 (2x 1)(2x 1)
4x 5 4x 14
3x 6 3x 6
6.
2
2
2
3
x2
x1
1
x 1 (x 1)(x 3)
4.
2
x3
2.
Simplify.
Distributive Property
6x 12 4x 12
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
6(x 2) 4(x 3)
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
6(x 2)
2 2(x 3)
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
2(x 3)(x 2)(x 2)
2
(x 2)(x 2)
6
2(x 3)(x 2)
6
2
2x2 2x 12
x2 4
2
x 4
Simplify
.
2
2
6
2x 2x 12
Example
Step
Step
Step
Step
Step
(continued)
9-2
Answers
(Lesson 9-2)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-2
____________ PERIOD _____
Skills Practice
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
6. x2 3x 4, x 1 (x 4)(x 1)
5. t2 25, t 5 (t 5)(t 5)
5 2 5m 2
n
m n
2
m n
A6
z 4 5z 2 4z 16
z 1 (z 4)(z 1)
4z
z4
2x 1
x5
19.
2
2
2n 2
n 2n 3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
n2
n3
n
n3
x2 x 1
x
x1
(x 1)
21.
2
1
x 2x 1
2m
m
nm mn
17.
m
mn
5 3t
5
x2 x2
3t
2x
3w 7
2
w 9 (w 3)(w 3)
3
w3
525
2
y 6y 8
y 12
(y 4)(y 3)(y 2)
3
y y 12
22.
2
2
Glencoe Algebra 2
2x 2 5x 2
4
x 3x 10 (x 5)(x 2)
20.
2
18.
16.
2 15bd 6b 2d
3bd
3bd(3b d )
14.
15.
2
a6
3
2a 2a(a 2)
2
a2
5
3b d
7h 3g
4gh
13.
3
4h
12.
2
2
7
4gh
2 12z 2y
5yz
5y z
11. 2
2
12
5y
2c 7
3
10.
2
2
9. 4
2c 5
3
13
5
4p q 8p q
5 5x 3y
y
xy
3
8p q
3
x
7.
8.
2
2
2
4. 5a, a 1 5a(a 1)
3. 2x 6, x 3 2(x 3)
9-2
(Average)
2x 8, x 4
(x 4)(x 2)
4m
3mn
6x 8
1
5x y
3
4cd
2a
a3
36
a 9
5x
20
2 x4
3x y
xy
xy
2
1
xy
xy
23.
1
10
x4
2p 2 2p 1
(p 2)(p 3)(p 3)
r4
r1
r2 2r
1
r6
r2
r
24.
r2 4r 3
3(6 5n)
20n
7
10n
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
4r
h
(r 2)(r 2)
526
Glencoe Algebra 2
write a simplified expression for the total time it takes Mai to complete the trip.
back to her starting point. Use the formula for time, t , where d is the distance, to
d
r
26. KAYAKING Mai is kayaking on a river that has a current of 2 miles per hour. If r
represents her rate in calm water, then r 2 represents her rate with the current, and
r 2 represents her rate against the current. Mai kayaks 2 miles downstream and then
2(x 4)(x 4)
triangle. Write a simplified expression for the perimeter of the triangle. 5(x3 4x 16)
25. GEOMETRY The expressions , , and represent the lengths of the sides of a
12
a3
2a
a3
22.
2
5
2(x 2)
3
4
21.
1
5n
20.
2
2
5
p 9
2p 3
p 5p 6
5
2x 12
20
x 4x 12
2y 1
(y 2)(y 1)
7 9m
m9
19.
2
y
y y2
18.
2
2
y5
y 3y 10
17.
4m 5
9m
2 5m
m9
9
a5
13a 47
(a 3)(a 5)
4
a3
15.
9c
12c 2d 3
2d 2
1
6c d
12.
3
2
2(x 3)(x 2)
x4
14. 2x 5
x8
x4
12x 2
9. d2 6d 9, 2(d2 9)
6(2w 1)(2w 1)
(x 1)(x 3)
6. 3, 4w 2, 4w2 1
3. x 1, x 3
2
x4
16.
2
16
x 16
2(2 3n)
3n
13. 2
25y 2
60x 4y 3
5
12x y
20 21b
24ab
2
x4
x 6,
(x 2)(x 4)(x 3)
x2
11.
4
2 3
7
8a
8.
x2
2r(r 1)
10.
5
6ab
7.
(g 1)(g 4)
5. 2r 2, r2 r, r 1
a 2b 3c 4
x 2y 3
4. g 1, g2 3g 4
2. a2b3c, abc4
1. x2y, xy3
x2
Practice
9-2
Answers
(Lesson 9-2)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A7
1
1
1
q
3
5
A person is standing 5 feet from a camera that has a lens with a focal
length of 3 feet. Write an equation that you could solve to find how far the
film should be from the lens to get a perfectly focused photograph.
Read the introduction to Lesson 9-2 at the top of page 479 in your textbook.
4x2
LCD
for the two fractions.
LCM
of x2 5x 6 and
denominator of
the
each
LCM
LCD
of the original fractions.
numerators
denominator .
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
527
Glencoe Algebra 2
their
4. To add or subtract two fractions that have the same denominator, you add or subtract
3. When you add or subtract fractions, you often need to rewrite the fractions as equivalent
fractions. You do this so that the resulting equivalent fractions will each have a
x3
x2 3
x4
2. To add
and
, you should first factor the
x2 5x 6
x3 4x2 4x
factor
b. To find the LCM of two or more numbers or polynomials,
polynomial . The LCM contains each
factor
number or
greatest
factor
number of times it appears as a
.
1. a. In work with rational expressions, LCD stands for least common denominator
Pre-Activity
9-2
Enrichment
y n
b
1, with a 0, b 0, and n 0.
ellipse
circle
x n
2
y n
2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Answers
528
a. a 2, b 3, n 4
b. a 2, b 3, n 6
c. a 2, b 3, n 8
y 2
x 2
1
2
2
y 2
x 2
b. 1
3
2
a.
For even values of n greater than 2, the curves are called superellipses.
x n
a
Glencoe Algebra 2
The circle and the ellipse are members of an interesting family of curves
that were first studied by the French physicist and mathematician Gabriel
Lam (17951870). The general equation for the family is
Superellipses
9-2
Answers
(Lesson 9-2)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-2
____________ PERIOD _____
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Point discontinuity is like a hole in a graph. If the original related expression is undefined
for x a but the simplified expression is defined for x a, then there is a hole in the
graph at x a.
Point Discontinuity
of the Graph of a
Rational Function
(4x 3)(x 1)
(x 1)(x 1)
4x 3
x1
A8
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
asymptotes: x 1,
x5
x1
x 6x 5
7. f(x)
2
hole: x
1
3
asymptote: x 2;
4. f(x)
2
3x 1
3x 5x 2
asymptotes: x 2,
x 5
1. f(x)
2
4
x 3x 10
529
hole: x
3
2
asymptote: x 3;
2x2 x 3
2x 3x 9
8. f(x)
2
asymptotes: x 1,
x 7
x2 6x 7
x 6x 7
5. f(x)
2
hole: x
5
2
2. f(x)
2x2 x 10
2x 5
Glencoe Algebra 2
holes: x 1, x 3
x3 2x2 5x 6
x 4x 3
9. f(x)
2
asymptote: x 3
3x2 5x 2
x3
6. f(x)
asymptote: x 0;
hole x 4
x2 x 12
x 4x
3. f(x)
2
Determine the equations of any vertical asymptotes and the values of x for any
holes in the graph of each rational function.
Exercises
(4x 3)(x 1)
(x 1)(x 1)
f(x)
2
4x2 x 3
x 1
First factor the numerator and the denominator of the rational expression.
4x2 x 3
of x for any holes in the graph of f(x)
.
x2 1
An asymptote is a line that the graph of a function approaches, but never crosses.
If the simplified form of the related rational expression is undefined for x a,
then x a is a vertical asymptote.
Vertical Asymptote
of the Graph of a
Rational Function
Example
an equation of the form f(x) , where p(x) and q(x) are polynomial expressions and
q(x)
q(x) 0
Rational Function
p(x)
9-3
1
2
3
4
Graph f(x)
.
2
2.5 2
2
5
1 0.5
1 3.5 4
0.5
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
2
(x 3)
f (x )
4. f(x) 2
1. f(x)
3
x1
f (x )
2
x
530
f (x )
x2 x 6
x3
f (x )
5. f(x)
2. f(x)
Exercises
f(x)
Example
2x 1
x3
8x
f (x )
Glencoe Algebra 2
f (x )
x2 6x 8
x x2
f (x )
6. f(x)
2
3. f(x)
First see if the function has any vertical asymptotes or point discontinuities.
Draw any vertical asymptotes.
Make a table of values.
Plot the points and draw the graph.
x1
x 2x 3
x1
x1
1
or
x2 2x 3
(x 1)(x 3)
x3
Step
Step
Step
Step
(continued)
9-3
Answers
(Lesson 9-3)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Skills Practice
A9
f (x )
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
f (x )
2
10. f(x)
x1
7. f(x)
3
x
x
2
f (x )
531
f (x )
x
11. f(x)
x2
8. f(x)
4
x
f (x )
Glencoe Algebra 2
f (x )
x2 4
12. f(x)
x2
9. f(x)
hole: x 3
hole: x 2
x2 x 12
x3
asymptote: x 3; hole: x 1
4. f(x)
2
x1
x 4x 3
asymptotes: x 4, x 9
6. f(x)
10
x
10
x 13x 36
2. f(x)
2
5. f(x)
x2 8x 12
x2
3. f(x)
2
x 12
x 10x 24
asymptotes: x 4, x 2
1. f(x)
2
3
x 2x 8
Determine the equations of any vertical asymptotes and the values of x for any
holes in the graph of each rational function.
9-3
(Average)
Practice
4
x2
f (x )
8. f(x)
x3
x2
hole: x 6
x2 2x 24
x6
5. f(x)
asymptote: x 3;
hole: x 7
6x
6x
4500
d
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Answers
532
0
I
80 and 0
d
80. What is the illumination in
foot-candles that the object receives at a distance of 20 feet
from the light source? 11.25 foot-candles
modeled by I(d)
2 . Graph the function I(d)
2 for
4500
d
father can complete the job in 4 hours alone, what portion of the
job can they complete together in 1 hour? 5
12
6x
6x
portion of the job Tawa and her father working together can
20
40
60
20
40
60
Distance (ft)
Illumination
f (x )
Glencoe Algebra 2
f (x )
3x
(x 3)
9. f(x) 2
hole: x 5
x2 9x 20
x5
6. f(x)
asymptote: x 2
x2
x 4x 4
3. f(x)
2
10. PAINTING Working alone, Tawa can give the shed a coat of paint
in 6 hours. It takes her father x hours working alone to give the
f (x )
7. f(x)
x7
x 10x 21
2. f(x)
2
hole: x 10
4. f(x)
x2 100
x 10
asymptotes: x 2,
x 5
6
x 3x 10
1. f(x)
2
Determine the equations of any vertical asymptotes and the values of x for any
holes in the graph of each rational function.
9-3
Illumination (foot-candles)
Answers
(Lesson 9-3)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
30 students
B. g(x) x
asymptotes
A10
at x
vertical asymptote
Graph II has a
f(x) II
x
x2
g(x) I
x2
4
x2
at x
point discontinuity
II.
Graph I has a
2
2
.
.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
533
Glencoe Algebra 2
3. One way to remember something new is to see how it is related to something you already
know. How can knowing that division by zero is undefined help you to remember how to
find the places where a rational function has a point discontinuity or an asymptote?
continuity
or as point discontinuities .
as vertical
x2 25
x 6x 9
C. h(x)
2
A. f(x)
1
x5
$10
If 15 students contribute to the gift, how much would each of them pay?
Read the introduction to Lesson 9-3 at the top of page 485 in your textbook.
I.
Pre-Activity
9-3
Enrichment
yx6
y
4x x 2
y6x
y 6 x
4x x 2
5x
y x
x
7 x
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
3. y 2x
7 6
x x2 ellipse
534
4. y 2x 2x
parabola
y
4x x 2
y x 6
4x x 2
A
yx
y
x
2. y x x parabola
B
Use a separate sheet of graph paper to graph these equations. State the type of
curve for each graph.
1. y 6 x
4 x2 ellipse
Graph each equation. State the type of curve for each graph.
9-3
Answers
(Lesson 9-3)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-3
____________ PERIOD _____
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
y1 16, x1 4, and y2 20
16
20
x2
4
y1 10, x1 2, z1 4, x2 4,
and z2 3
Joint variation
A11
10. If y varies directly as x and x 200 when
y 50, find x when y 1000. 4000
12. If y varies directly as x and x 60 when
y 75, find x when y 42. 33.6
14. Suppose y varies jointly as x and z. Find y
when x 5 and z 10, if y 12 when
x 8 and z 6. 12.5
16. Suppose y varies jointly as x and z. Find y
when x 5 and z 27, if y 480 when
x 9 and z 20. 360
Glencoe Algebra 2
535
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
120 8y2
Simplify.
y2 15
Divide each side by 8.
The value of y is 15 when x 4 and z 3.
y2
10
24
43
y2
y1
x1z1
x2 z2
Exercises
Direct proportion
y2
y1
x1
x2
Joint Variation
y varies jointly as x and z if there is some number k such that y kxz, where x 0 and z 0.
Direct Variation
Example
y varies directly as x if there is some nonzero constant k such that y kx. k is called the
constant of variation.
9-4
a1 8, b1 12, b2 4
Inverse variation
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Answers
536
Glencoe Algebra 2
15. If y varies inversely as x and y 23 when x 12, find y when x 15. 18.4
Exercises
k
x
a2
8
4
12
a2
a1
b2
b1
Example
Inverse Variation
(continued)
Inverse Variation
9-4
Answers
(Lesson 9-4)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-4
Skills Practice
1
2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
12. C 2r direct; 2
A12
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
537
Glencoe Algebra 2
19. If y varies jointly as x and z and y 120 when x 4 and z 6, find y when x 3
and z 2. 30
18. If y varies jointly as x and z and y 16 when x 4 and z 2, find y when x 1
and z 7. 14
17. If y varies jointly as x and z and y 18 when x 2 and z 3, find y when x 5 and
z 6. 90
15. If y varies directly as x and y 540 when x 10, find x when y 1080. 20
14. If y varies directly as x and y 360 when x 180, find y when x 270. 540
inverse; 8
1
direct;
3
a
1
11.
b
3
9. t 16rh joint; 16
8
10. R
w
5. y 2rst joint; 2
4. rw 15 inverse; 15
1
2
3. A bh joint;
2. p inverse; 4
1. c 12m direct; 12
4
q
State whether each equation represents a direct, joint, or inverse variation. Then
name the constant of variation.
9-4
(Average)
Practice
C
d
joint;
1
2
6. 2d mn
inverse; 1.25
1.25
g
7. h
3
4
inverse;
3
4x
8. y
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
538
Glencoe Algebra 2
22. GEOMETRY The area A of a trapezoid varies jointly as its height and the sum of its
bases. If the area is 480 square meters when the height is 20 meters and the bases are
28 meters and 20 meters, what is the area of a trapezoid when its height is 8 meters and
its bases are 10 meters and 15 meters? 100 m2
21. SPRINGS The length S that a spring will stretch varies directly with the weight F that
is attached to the spring. If a spring stretches 20 inches with 25 pounds attached, how
far will it stretch with 15 pounds attached? 12 in.
20. GASES The volume V of a gas varies inversely as its pressure P. If V 80 cubic
centimeters when P 2000 millimeters of mercury, find V when P 320 millimeters of
mercury. 500 cm3
64
3
56
3
11. If y varies directly as x and y 132 when x 11, find y when x 33. 396
10. If y varies directly as x and y 16 when x 6, find x when y 4. 1.5
direct;
5.
5
k
State whether each equation represents a direct, joint, or inverse variation. Then
name the constant of variation.
9-4
Answers
(Lesson 9-4)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-4
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A13
increase
(increase/decrease) by
$14,900
decrease
(increase/decrease) by
inverse
b.
direct
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
539
Glencoe Algebra 2
3. How can your knowledge of the equation of the slope-intercept form of the equation of a
line help you remember the equation for direct variation?
a.
b. s varies directly as r. s kr
a. m varies inversely as n. m
k
n
1. Write an equation to represent each of the following variation statements. Use k as the
constant of variation.
$149
For each additional student who enrolls in a public college, the total
Read the introduction to Lesson 9-4 at the top of page 492 in your textbook.
How is variation used to find the total cost given the unit cost?
Pre-Activity
9-4
Enrichment
2 3x
1xx
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Answers
3. 1 x x 2 x 3
1
1x
2
1x
2. 2 2x 2x 2 2x3
1. 2 1 2x x2 x3
1x
1xx
540
2 3x
1xx
2 3x
A Bx Cx2 Dx3
1 x x2
Glencoe Algebra 2
Assume that the expression equals a series of the form A Bx Cx2 Dx3 .
Then multiply both sides of the equation by the denominator 1 x x2.
Example
1
1 x x2 x3 for 1
x
1
1x
9-4
Answers
(Lesson 9-4)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-4
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A14
a step function
V-shaped graph
a parabola
Identity
Greatest Integer
Absolute Value
Quadratic
Square Root
Rational
Inverse Variation
identity
constant
quadratic
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
7.
4.
1.
8.
5.
2.
541
square root
absolute value
rational
9.
6.
Glencoe Algebra 2
inverse variation
greatest integer
direct variation
a line that passes through the point (a, a), where a is any real number
Direct Variation
3.
a line that passes through the origin and is neither horizontal nor vertical
Constant
Exercises
Description of Graph
Function
Classes of Functions
Identify Graphs
9-5
General Equation
a
x
y
p(x)
q(x)
y
y ax 2 bx c, where a 0
yx
y ax
ya
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
7. y
x 2 square root
value
4. y | 3x | 1 absolute
1. y inverse variation
6
x
2
x
x2
2
2x
542
8. y 3.2 constant
Glencoe Algebra 2
x2 5x 6
x2
9. y rational
greatest
integer
3. y quadratic
5. y inverse variation 6. y
4
3
2. y x direct variation
Identify the function represented by each equation. Then graph the equation.
Exercises
Inverse Variation
Rational
Square Root
Quadratic
Absolute Value
Greatest Integer
Identity
Direct Variation
Constant
Function
Classes of Functions
(continued)
Identify Equations
9-5
Answers
(Lesson 9-5)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-5
Classes of Functions
Skills Practice
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
constant
2.
direct variation
A15
B
5.
C. y
1x
quadratic
6.
D. y x 1
3.
2
x
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
inverse variation
or rational
7. y
543
greatest integer
8. y 2x
Glencoe Algebra 2
direct variation
9. y 3x
Identify the type of function represented by each equation. Then graph the
equation.
4.
A. y |x 1|
1
B. y
x1
1.
9-5
(Average)
Classes of Functions
Practice
rational
2.
square root
5.
B. y 2x 1
C. y
x3
2
6.
absolute value
D. y x
3.
quadratic
8. y 2x2 1
x2 5x 6
x2
rational
9. y
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Answers
544
Glencoe Algebra 2
greatest integer function, but with open circles on the left and closed
circles on the right; $58.
of parking for 6 days. The graph looks like a series of steps, similar to a
1
2
11. PARKING A parking lot charges $10 to park for the first day or part of a day. After that,
it charges an additional $8 per day or part of a day. Describe the graph and find the cost
10. BUSINESS A startup company uses the function P 1.3x2 3x 7 to predict its profit or
loss during its first 7 years of operation. Describe the shape of the graph of the function.
constant
7. y 3
Identify the type of function represented by each equation. Then graph the
equation.
4.
A. y | 2x 1 |
1.
9-5
Answers
(Lesson 9-5)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-5
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A16
about 45 pounds
Although the graph does not extend far enough to the right to read it
directly from the graph, use the weight you found above and your
knowledge that this graph represents direct variation to estimate the
weight on Mars of a woman who weighs 120 pounds on Earth.
about 15 pounds
Based on the graph, estimate the weight on Mars of a child who weighs
40 pounds on Earth.
Read the introduction to Lesson 9-5 at the top of page 499 in your textbook.
Classes of Functions
II
III
y
IV
f.
c.
VI
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
545
Glencoe Algebra 2
e.
b.
2. How can the symbolic definition of absolute value that you learned in Lesson 1-4 help
you to remember the graph of the function f(x) | x |? Sample answer: Using the
d.
a.
1. Match each graph below with the type of function it represents. Some types may be used
more than once and others not at all.
I. square root
II. quadratic
III. absolute value
IV. rational
V. greatest integer
VI. constant
VII. identity
Pre-Activity
9-5
Enrichment
3
x 1
Resolve
3 into partial fractions.
1
x1
x 2
x x1
A
x1
B
x3
A
x2
B
(x 2)
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
x (x 1)
x1
(x 1)
546
Glencoe Algebra 2
C
B
D
A
4x3 x2 3x 2
3.
2 2 A 1, B 2, C 3, D 4
2
2
6x 7
(x 2)
2. 2 2 A 6, B 5
A 2, B 3
1.
2
5x 3
x 2x 3
3
x 1
.
Therefore, A 1, B 1, C 2, and
3
2
3 A(x2 x 1) (x 1)(Bx C)
3 Ax2 Ax A Bx2 Cx Bx C
3 (A B)x2 (B C A)x (A C)
A
3
Bx C
x1
x3 1
x2 x 1
Now, multiply both sides of the equation by x3 1 to clear the fractions and
finish the problem by solving for the coefficients A, B, and C.
A
3
Bx C
x1
x3 1
x2 x 1
Example
You can resolve a rational expression into partial fractions if two conditions
are met:
(1) The degree of the numerator must be less than the degree of the
denominator; and
(2) The factors of the denominator must be known.
Partial Fractions
9-5
Answers
(Lesson 9-5)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-5
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A17
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
Simplify.
Simplify.
Simplify.
x 5
y3
6
2m 1
2m
1
24
4
x1
4t 3
5
x1
12
4 2t
3
2. 1 2
2x 1
3
x5
4
1
2
13
5
4
x2
8
3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
547
2
3
Glencoe Algebra 2
Carlos 6 days. If these estimates are accurate, how long should it take the three of them
alone, Adam estimates that it would take him 4 days, Bethany estimates 5 days, and
1
2
8. WORK Adam, Bethany, and Carlos own a painting company. To paint a particular house
7. NAVIGATION The current in a river is 6 miles per hour. In her motorboat Marissa can
travel 12 miles upstream or 16 miles downstream in the same amount of time. What is
the speed of her motorboat in still water? 42 mph
x
x2
6. 10
3.
Distributive Property
Multiply.
4. 4 5. 7
3m 2
5m
1. 2 5
2y
3
4(x 1)
4x 4
25
5
Original equation
Exercises
9
2
10
x1
9
2
10
5 1
9
2
10
4
18
10
20
20
8
20
2
5
Solve .
9(x 1) 2(10)
9x 9 20
5x
x
Check
Example
2
9
2
x1
10
5
9
2
2
Original equation
10
x1
5
9
2
2
10(x 1) 10(x 1) Multiply each side by 10(x 1).
10
x1
5
9-6
2
3n
4
5n
2
3
Solve .
10 12 10n
22 10n
2.2 n
Simplify.
Simplify.
Simplify.
Related equation
4
5
2
x
1
4
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
2
x
0
3
2x
4.
1
a 0
3
a1
1. 3
1
2
1
2
5
x
548
or x 5
1
2
x
0 or
x
1
4
x1
5. 2
x or 0
x
1
x
2. 4x
Answers
Exercises
4
5p
2
x1
Glencoe Algebra 2
x
1 or 0
x
1
or x 2
3
x 1
6.
1
2
39
20
2
3
0
p
1
2p
3.
2
4
2
is true.
9
15
3
2
3
Test n 3.
2.2
2 3
2
4
2
is not true.
3
5
3
Test n 1.
is true.
3 2 1
Test n 1.
2
3
2
4
2
3n
5n
3
2
4
2
15n 15n
3n
5n
3
Step 1 The value of 0 is excluded since this value would result in a denominator of 0.
Example
(continued)
9-6
Answers
(Lesson 9-6)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-6
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
x1
x 10
A18
4
1
e2
2
e2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
23.
6
2
2e
e 4
x8
x
2x 3
21.
2x 2
2x 2
x1
549
8
t 9
4
t3
2
t3
24.
5
2
Glencoe Algebra 2
12s 19
3
5
22.
s3
s4
s2 7s 12
1
1
4
20.
w2
w2
w2 4
8z 8 2
z2 5
5
2
1
19.
n3
n3
n2 9
4
z
18. 8
2q
q1
3
2
17. 2 5
5
2q
b2
b1
16. 4 4
3b 2
b1
9x 7
x2
15
x
2
x
12
n
14.
1 0
x
15. 9 3
5
2
3
n
12. n
n
3 or 0
n
3
4
3k
1
2x
3
m
1
2m
5
v
3
k
10. 0 k 0
8. y 7 3, 4
13.
0
m
1
3
v
11. 2
0
v
4
9. 8
x2
x4
12
y
3
2
2x 3
x1
7. 3
8
s
6. 5, 8
s3
5
1
d2
2
d1
5. 5
1
1, 2
2
4. 3 z
z
1 12
3 5
9
6
3.
3x
2
4
n
2. 2
1
2
1. 1
x
x1
Skills Practice
9-6
(Average)
1
10
3
2x
65
3
19
y
3
y
4
x2
x
2x
x2 4
x 4
4
r4
r2 16
r 16
2
v 3v 2
2
x2
6a 1
2a 7
22
a5
26. 3 2
24.
2
1
q
1
f
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
550
Glencoe Algebra 2
distance q of the image of the object from the lens, and the focal length f of the lens.
What is the distance of an object from a lens if the image of the object is 5 centimeters
from the lens and the focal length of the lens is 4 centimeters? 20 cm
28. OPTICS The lens equation relates the distance p of an object from a lens, the
1
p
f(x) represents Kianas new ratio of free throws made. How many successful free
9x
19 x
27. BASKETBALL Kiana has made 9 of 19 free throws so far this season. Her goal is to make
60% of her free throws. If Kiana makes her next x free throws in a row, the function
r
r4
14
y 3y 10
25.
2
7
y5
23.
0
2
y
y2
5
3
22.
1, 2
2
5v
v2
25
k 7k 12
4v
v1
4
k4
3
k3
21.
7
2
12
c 2c 3
20. 4
, 5
2
2d 4
d2
18. 5 6
c1
c3
1
n2
1
n2
b3
b1
2
x1
16. b 1 2
6
x1
14.
12. 8 y
0 or y 2
7
a
19.
2
3
3
n 4 2
11
3
h1 5
3
a
3d 2
d1
x 2 14
x6 3
5
h
10. 5
0
a
2
1
2h
17. 2
x2
x3
5
8
8.
2b
b1
2
g2
1
5
g
g2
1
3p
5
x
6. 0
15. g 1
4
p
13.
p
0 or p
11.
0
x
7
4
5x
9. 2
1
w3
9
2t 1
4
w2
5
t
7.
t
5 or
t
0
1
2
1
3x 2
y
y5
5
y5
4. s 4
5s 8
s2
2
3
s
s2
4
p
3.
, 4
2
p 10
p 2
x
2
2. 1 1, 2
x
x1
3
2
3
4
1. 16
12
x
Practice
9-6
Answers
(Lesson 9-6)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-6
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A19
2
and
0
.
z (z 2)
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
551
Glencoe Algebra 2
are alike because both use the LCD of all the rational expressions in the
problem. They are different because in an addition problem, the LCD
remains after the fractions are added, while in solving a rational
equation, the LCD is eliminated.
3. How are the processes of adding rational expressions with different denominators and of
solving rational expressions alike, and how are they different? Sample answer: They
z
4 or 2
z
0
Using this information and your number line, write the solution of the inequality.
3
6
Consider the following values of for various test values of z.
z2
z
3
6
3
6
If z 5, 0.2.
If z 3, 1.
z2
z
z2
z
3
6
3
6
If z 1, 9.
If z 1, 5.
z2
z
z2
z
6 5 4 3 2 1
4
Step 3 Divide a number line into
regions using the excluded values and the
solution of the related equation. Draw dashed vertical lines on the number line
below to show these regions.
3
6
0
z
Step 2 The related equation is z 2
.
2. Suppose that on a quiz you are asked to solve the rational inequality 0.
z2
z
Complete the steps of the solution.
1. When solving a rational equation, any possible solution that results in 0 in the
denominator must be excluded from the list of solutions.
Read the introduction to Lesson 9-6 at the top of page 505 in your textbook.
Pre-Activity
9-6
Enrichment
1 1 1
2 3 4
1
n
n2
(n 1)
Find lim
2
1
n
lim 0
2n 1
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
n 6
2(n 1) 1
1
3. lim
n3 5n
1. lim
4 0
Answers
552
1 3n
2
2n 1
4. lim
1n
2. lim
0
2
1 2
2
1
2
n
n2
n2
1
n2
2n
2
n
n2
n2
n2
(n 1)2
n2 2n 1
Example
Glencoe Algebra 2
Sequences of numbers with a rational expression for the general term often
approach some number as a finite limit. For example, the reciprocals of the
positive integers approach 0 as n gets larger and larger. This is written using
the notation shown below. The symbol stands for infinity and n means
that n is getting larger and larger, or n goes to infinity.
Limits
9-6
Answers
(Lesson 9-6)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Lesson 9-6
Page 554
1.
11.
2.
12.
3.
4.
5.
6.
13.
14.
15.
8.
9.
10.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
B
16.
7.
Form 2A
Page 555
A
C
17.
18.
19.
D
20.
B:
A
asymptote: x 0;
hole: x 3
A20
Glencoe Algebra 2
11.
12.
13.
14.
Form 2B
Page 557
1.
2.
3.
4.
15.
18.
19.
20.
B:
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
B
x
x1
C
9.
12.
A
8.
B
7.
11.
D
6.
17.
A
5.
16.
Page 558
B:
10.
Answers
Form 2A (continued)
Page 556
x
x1
A21
Glencoe Algebra 2
Page 560
3, 3
2
1.
2.
x
x8
3.
b5
2
4.
9(m 5)
8
5.
2
x2
6.
7
3m 1
7.
36m4n4
13.
192 customers
14.
15.
P k
A
16.
square root
17.
direct variation
18.
19.
m 0 or m 5
20.
4.8 h
B:
8. (n 2)(n 4)(n 6)
9. asymptote: x 3
10.
hole: x 2
11.
f (x)
f (x )
12.
x3
x2
15
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A22
Glencoe Algebra 2
Page 562
2
1.
2.
x2
x5
3.
m1
6m
4.
2(y 2)
3
13.
1050 permits
14.
15.
5.
3
x3
6.
5
2n 1
16.
R k
U
Answers
2, 5
constant
42s3t4
7.
8. (n 1)(n 5)(n 2)
9.
asymptote: x 4;
hole: x 6
10.
asymptotes:
x 5, x 2
11.
f (x)
f (x )
x
x2
12.
18.
1
3
19.
20.
48 min
B:
63
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A23
Glencoe Algebra 2
Page 564
1, 0, 5
3
3.
3(2x 3)
x(3x 5)
g3
5
4.
4m 3n
4m 3n
5.
2.
11.
0.02
12.
271 mi
13.
14.
6.
1
7.
(c d)(c d)2
7.2
I
; 40
R
rational
8. asymptote: x 3
16.
10
17.
f (x )
f (x)
2
(x 3)2
18.
x 0 or x 3
2
19. z 1 or 1 z 1
9.
20.
hole: x 2
f (x )
B:
15
25
2
x (2x 3)
;
3x 2
x 2, 0, 3
3
2
x 24
f (x)
2x 4
10.
1
10
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A24
Glencoe Algebra 2
Score
General Description
Specific Criteria
Superior
A correct solution that
is supported by welldeveloped, accurate
explanations
Satisfactory
A generally correct solution,
but may contain minor flaws
in reasoning or computation
Nearly Satisfactory
A partially correct
interpretation and/or
solution to the problem
Nearly Unsatisfactory
A correct solution with no
supporting evidence or
explanation
Unsatisfactory
An incorrect solution
indicating no mathematical
understanding of the
concept or task, or no
solution is given
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A25
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
a5
3a
a2
Sample answer: ,
,
3a 15 a2 5a
a(a 1)
.
(a 5)(a 1)
5a. d 0.10hr
5b. joint variation; the amount deducted
varies directly as the product of two
quantities, the hourly wage and the
number of hours worked.
5c. Students should indicate that they
should substitute r 9.50 and
h 36 in the formula they wrote in
part a.
The amount deducted was $34.20.
6a. Students should conclude that C(x)
is a rational function since it is of
p(x)
the form y
, where
q(x)
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A26
Glencoe Algebra 2
2.
8x5
a2
x3
3
3.
(2x 3)(x 6)
4.
p
5
5.
1. inverse variation
2. rational function
3. asymptote
4. least common
denominator
1.
5. joint variation
6. continuity
60a2b3
7. 15(x 2)(x 2)
6.
7. rational inequality
8. inversely
proportional
9. constant of
1.
inverse; 30
2.
12
3.
quadratic
4. greatest integer
8. (t 1)(2t 1)(t 4)
35 2m
5m2n
12
y3
9.
variation
10. point discontinuity
10.
5.
absolute value
y
y 3x 2
rational expression
is the ratio of two
polynomials. The
denominator cannot
be 0.
complex fraction is
a fraction in which
the numerator,
denominator, or
both, contain
fractions.
asymptotes:
x 2, x 1
asymptote: x 1;
hole: x 3
hole: x 4
f (x )
f (x)
4
x3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A27
1.
10
2.
3.
t 0 or t 2
4.
5 m 2
5.
18
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
Vocabulary Test/Review
Page 566
Cumulative Review
Page 570
1.
yes
2.
w 15
3.
1 i
4.
2
2.
3.
A
x
4.
C
5.
5.
6.
23
1, 2, 3, 6, 1, 3
2
2
2
7. x (y 3) 125
x2 5x 3
6. (x 3)(x 2)(x 4)
9.
(x 1)2
(y 2)2
1
25
9
9.
circle
10.
3(y 2)
11.
20
12.
11.2 mL
72s3t4
7.
8.
8.
21(3c 5)
asymptote: x 4;
hole: x 3
10.
f (x )
f (x)
4
(x 2)2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A28
Glencoe Algebra 2
1.
2.
3.
11.
13.
4.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
14.
1 3
.
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
15.
16.
17.
18.
5.
12.
2 5
3 / 2 0
.
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1 0 4
.
/
.
/
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A29
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
Page 571