CH 09

Solutions Manual
Engineering Mechanics: Statics

2nd Edition
Michael E. Plesha
University of WisconsinMadison
Gary L. Gray
The Pennsylvania State University
Francesco Costanzo
The Pennsylvania State University
With the assistance of:
Chris Punshon
Andrew J. Miller
Justin High
Chris OBrien
Chandan Kumar
Joseph Wyne
Jonathan Fleischmann
Version: May 11, 2012
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright 20022012
Michael E. Plesha, Gary L. Gray, and Francesco Costanzo
This solutions manual, in any print or electronic form, remains the property of McGraw-Hill, Inc. It
may be used and/or possessed only by permission of McGraw-Hill, and must be surrendered upon
request of McGraw-Hill. Any duplication or distribution, either in print or electronic form, without
the permission of McGraw-Hill, is prohibited.
Statics 2e
Important Information about

this Solutions Manual
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Contact the Authors

If you find any errors and/or have questions concerning a solution, please do not hesitate to contact the
authors and editors via email at:
plesha@engr.wisc.edu, and
stat_solns@email.esm.psu.edu
We welcome your input.
This solutions manual, in any print or electronic form, remains the property of McGraw-Hill, Inc. It may be used and/or possessed only by permission
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May 11, 2012
Solutions Manual
Accuracy of Numbers in Calculations

Throughout this solutions manual, we will generally assume that the data given for problems is accurate
to 3 significant digits. When calculations are performed, all intermediate numerical results are reported
to 4 significant digits. Final answers are usually reported with 3 or 4 significant digits. If you verify the
calculations in this solutions manual using the rounded intermediate numerical results that are reported, you
should obtain the final answers that are reported to 3 significant digits.
May 11, 2012
1333
Statics 2e
Chapter 9 Solutions
Problem 9.1
A worker applies the force described below to push a box that weighs 40 lb
with center of gravity at point G. The surface between the box and ramp has
coefficient of friction s D k D 0:25. Determine the normal force and friction
force between the box and ramp, and determine if the box will slide up the ramp,
down the ramp, or remain at rest.
The worker applies a 30 lb force parallel to the ramp.
Solution
Assuming that the block will tend to slide up the ramp, the FBD at the right is
drawn, and the equilibrium equations are
X
.40 lb/ cos 30 C N D 0 ) N D 34:64 lb
Fy D 0 W
(1)
X
Fx D 0 W 30 lb .40 lb/ sin 30 F D 0 ) F D 10 lb: (2)
With the value of N found above, Coulombs law provides
jF j N D .0:25/ .34:64 lb/ D 8:660 lb:
(3)
Thus, the results of Eqs. (1) and (2) do not satisfy Coulombs law, we conclude that the box is not in
equilibrium, and
N D 34:6 lb;
F D 8:66 lb;
and the box slides up the ramp with nonzero acceleration.
(4)
May 11, 2012
1334
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.2
A worker applies the force described below to push a box that weighs 40 lb
with center of gravity at point G. The surface between the box and ramp has
coefficient of friction s D k D 0:25. Determine the normal force and friction
force between the box and ramp, and determine if the box will slide up the ramp,
down the ramp, or remain at rest.
The worker applies a 35 lb force that is horizontal.
Solution
Assuming that the block will tend to slide up the ramp, the FBD at the right is
drawn, and the equilibrium equations are
X
.35 lb/ sin 30 .40 lb/ cos 30 C N D 0
Fy D 0 W
(1)
)
X
Fx D 0 W
N D 52:14 lb
.35 lb/ cos 30

)
(2)
.40 lb/ sin 30
F D0
F D 10:31 lb:
(3)
(4)
With the value of N found above, Coulombs law provides

jF j N D .0:25/ .52:14 lb/ D 13:04 lb:
(5)
Thus, the results of Eqs. (2) and (4) satisfy Coulombs law, we conclude that the box is in equilibrium, and
N D 52:1 lb;
F D 10:3 lb;
and the box remains at rest on the ramp.
(6)
May 11, 2012
1335
Statics 2e
Problem 9.3
A person applies a horizontal force P to a rectangular box that is resting on
a horizontal surface. The box weighs W D 20 N with center of gravity at
point G. The surface has coefficients of static and kinetic friction that are
equal, with value D 0:4. Assume the box does not tip.
(a) An FBD is shown; this FBD has an error. Explain the error and draw
the correct FBD.
(b) If P D 7 N, determine the normal force N and friction force F . Does
the box remain at rest or does it slide? If the box slides, does it do so
with constant speed or does it accelerate?
(c) Repeat Part (b) if P D 9 N.
(d) Determine if the assumption that the box does not tip is correct.
Solution
Part (a) In the FBD shown in the problem statement, the normal force N and friction force F are positioned
such that moment equilibrium cannot be satisfied unless F D 0; since P > 0 and > 0, the friction force F
will be nonzero. To see that moment equilibrium is not satisfied
for the FBD shown in the problem statement,
P
consider summing moments about point G to find that MG 0. The correct FBD is shown below:
y
W
P
x
F
Part (b) With W D 20 N and P D 7 N, we will assume the box is in static equilibrium. Using the FBD
shown in Part (a), we obtain
X
Fx D 0 W 7 N F D 0 ) F D 7 N;
(1)
X
Fy D 0 W
20 N C N D 0 ) N D 20 N.
(2)
We may now use Coulombs law to check if our assumption of static equilibrium is valid. Coulombs law
provides
Fmax D N D 0:4.20 N/ D 8 N.
(3)
Since F obtained in Eq. (1) is less than Fmax , our assumption of static equilibrium is valid, and
F D 7 N; N D 20 N; and the box remains at rest.
(4)
May 11, 2012
1336
Solutions Manual
Part (c) With N D 20 N and P D 9 N, we will assume the box is in static equilibrium. Using the FBD
shown in Part (a), we obtain
X
Fx D 0 W 9 N F D 0 ) F D 9 N,
(5)
X
Fy D 0 W
20 N C N D 0 ) N D 20 N.
(6)
We may now use Coulombs law to check if our assumption of static equilibrium is valid. Coulombs law
provides
Fmax D N D 0:4.20 N/ D 8 N:
(7)
Since F obtained in Eq. (5) is larger than Fmax , our assumption of static equilibrium is incorrect, and we
rewrite Eq. (5) as
X
Fx D max W 9 N
F
D max ;
(8)
DFmax D8 N
1 N D m ax :
(9)
F D 8 N; N D 20 N; and the box slides, while accelerating, to the right.
(10)
Hence, the acceleration ax is nonzero. Thus,
Part (d)
(a),
Consider the situation in Part (c) where F D 8 N and N D 20 N. Using the FBD shown in Part
X
MG D 0 W
.8 N/.8 cm/ C .20 N/ d D 0
d D 3:2 cm
(11)
Since d < 10 cm, the box does not tip. Note that if the box does not tip for the forces in Part (c), then it also
does not tip for the forces in Part (b). Hence,
the assumption that the box does not tip is accurate.
May 11, 2012
1337
Statics 2e
Problem 9.4
A cross-sectional view through the wheel of a bicycle is shown, where points A, B,
and C lie in the same plane. The vertical force applied to the axle is W D 300 N,
and the horizontal forces P are applied by the brake to the rim of the wheel (if you
are curious, Prob. 6.96 on p. 423 shows the brake mechanism that applies forces
P ). If the coefficient of friction between the wheel and pavement is 1:1, and the
coefficient of friction between the brake material and wheel rim is 0:4, determine
the value of P that will cause the wheel to skid on the pavement.
Solution
The FBD for the wheel is shown at the right, where we assume that
the wheel rolls in the direction. In this FBD, B is the reaction
between the axle and the frame of the bicycle. With W D 300 N, we
obtain
X
Fx D 0 W
300 N C NC D 0 ) NC D 300 N: (1)
If the tire skids on the pavement, then
FC D C NC D .1:1/ 300 N D 330 N:
(2)
Assuming the brake material slides on the rim of the wheel,

FA D A P D .0:4/ P;
X
MBy D 0 W
2 FA .28 cm/
FC .32 cm/ D 0:
(3)
(4)
Thus,
FA D
330 N .32 cm/

D 188:6 N:
2 .28 cm/
(5)
Using Eq. (3), the force P applied by the brake to the rim of the wheel is
P D
FA
D 471:4 N:
0:4
(6)
May 11, 2012
1338
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.5
P
By writing M D 0 about some convenient point, verify that the distances from the lower left-hand corner
of the box (point D) to points A and B in Example 9.1 on p. 540 are 5:18 in: and 11:2 in:, respectively. In
view of these results, is motion of the box in fact due to sliding (as assumed in Example 9.1) or is it due to
tipping? Explain.
Solution
Figure 2 from Example 9.1, shown again at the right with dimension h added,
and Eqs. (1)(4) from Example 9.1, provide N D 37:59 lb and P D 24:96 lb.
These results assume that motion is due to sliding of the box up the incline, and
assume that the box does not tip.
Using the FBD shown at the right, we sum moments about point D to
write
X
MD D 0 W
Nh
.40 lb/.cos 20 /.10 in:/
.40 lb/.sin 20 /.5 in:/ C P .10 in:/ D 0:
(1)
Using N D 37:59 lb and P D 24:96 lb, the above equation is solved to obtain
h D 5:18 in:
(2)
Note that for point A to be positioned on the box, the value of h must satisfy 0 h 20 in. Thus, we conclude
that point A is positioned on the box and the assumption of no tipping made in Part (a) of Example 9.1 is valid.
Figure 3 from Example 9.1, shown again at the right with dimension h added,
and Eq. (5) provide N D 37:59 lb and P D 2:404 lb. These results assume that
motion is due to sliding of the box down the incline, and assume that the box
does not tip.
P
Using the FBD shown at the right, the MD D 0 expression above [Eq. (1)]
is still valid, and with N D 37:59 lb and P D 2:404 lb, we obtain
h D 11:2 in:
(3)
Thus, we conclude that point B is positioned on the box and the assumption of no tipping made in Part (b) of
Example 9.1 is valid.
May 11, 2012
1339
Statics 2e
Problem 9.6
The apparatus shown can be used to experimentally determine the angle of static
friction, and hence the coefficient of static friction, for many combinations of
contacting materials. A block of material C rests on a beam AB. Starting with
D 0 , point B is slowly lowered until block C begins to slide. Assuming
block C does not tip, show that the value of when sliding starts is equal to
the angle of friction , given by Eq. (9.4) on p. 537.
Solution
The FBD shown at the right assumes that impending motion of the block is to the right. The
equilibrium equations for the block are:
X
Fy D 0 W
W cos C N D 0; ) N D W cos
(1)
X
Fx D 0 W W sin F D 0; ) F D W sin :
(2)
When is large enough that slip begins, F D N . Solving these equations for provides
D
F
W sin
D
D tan
N
W cos
D tan
,
(3)
which is identical to Eq. (9.4).
May 11, 2012
1340
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.7
A tool chest has 800 N weight that acts through the midpoint of the chest. The
chest is supported by feet at A and rollers at B. The surface has a coefficient
of friction of 0.3. Determine the value of the horizontal force P necessary to
cause motion of the chest to the right, and determine if the motion is sliding or
tipping.
Solution
The FBD shown at the right is drawn assuming the tool chest tends to slide
to the right.
Tipping analysis: When tipping occurs, By D 0.
X
MA D 0 W
P .100 cm/ C .800 N/ .50 cm
)
15 cm/ D 0
P D 280:0 N:
(2)
Sliding analysis: When sliding occurs, Ax D Ay .

X
MB D 0 W
P .100 cm/ .800 N/ .50 cm
15 cm/
C Ay .70 cm/ D 0;
X
Fx D 0 W
(1)
(3)
Ax D 0:
(4)
With Ax D Ay , where D 0:3, Eq. (4) provides Ay D P =0:3, and with this Eq. (3) becomes
P.
100 cm C
70 cm
/
0:3
)
.800 N/.50 cm
15 cm/ D 0;
P D 210:0 N:
(5)
(6)
Motion is impending when P is the smaller of Eqs. (2) and (6). Hence,
P D 210 N
and the motion is sliding.
(7)
May 11, 2012
1341
Statics 2e
Problem 9.8
Determine the value of h in Example 9.2 on p. 541 so that sliding and tipping motion of the traffic barrier
are simultaneously impending.
Solution
If motion of the traffic barrier is due to sliding, then Eqs. (1)(4) of Example 9.2
provide
F D 7:00 kN and P D 7:00 kN:
(1)
If motion is due to tipping, then the FBD is shown at the right, and
X
MA D 0 W W .27 cm/ P h D 0;
(2)
where W was determined in Example 9.2 as W D 15:55 kN.

If the motion is to simultaneously be sliding and tipping, then P D 7:00 kN and we solve Eq. (2) for
hD
.15:55 kN/.27 cm/

D 60:0 cm:
7:000 kN
(3)
May 11, 2012
1342
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.9
Carry out the alternate solution described in Example 9.3 on p. 543.
Solution
The FBDs shown in Fig. 4 of Example 9.3 are repeated at the right. These FBDs
assume that block B tends to slide to the left and block A tends to slide down. Using
these FBDs, we write and solve the following equations.
X
Block A:
Fx D 0 W N2 sin 10 F2 cos 10 C N4 D 0;
(1)
X
Fy D 0 W N2 cos 10 C F2 sin 10 C F4 200 lb D 0:
(2)
Block B:
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
Q C F1
N1
N2 sin 10 C F2 cos 10 D 0;
N2 cos 10
F2 sin 10 D 0:
(3)
(4)
If sliding is impending, then

F1 D N1 ;
F2 D N2 ;
and
F4 D N4 ;
(5)
where D 0:2. While there are seven equations with seven unknowns, these equations are easily solved to
obtain
N1 D 199:1 lb;
F1 D 39:82 lb;
(6)
N2 D 195:3 lb;
F2 D 39:05 lb;
(7)
N4 D 4:553 lb;
F4 D 0:911 lb;
(8)
and
Q D 44:4 lb:
(9)
Since N4 > 0, contact is indeed made at guide E rather than guide D (see Fig. 1 in Example 9.3 for the
location of these guides). Since Q > 0, we may infer that block B will not move to the left when Q D 0.
May 11, 2012
1343
Statics 2e
Problem 9.10
The photograph shows two U.S. Coast Guard icebreakers in an ice field, and
a simple model for an ice breaking operation. If the coefficients of static and
kinetic friction for contact between the ships bow and ice are 0.08 and 0.06,
respectively, and if the ship produces a thrust of 106 lb, determine the normal
and friction forces acting on each side of the ships bow as it moves through
the ice field with constant velocity. Assume the ship makes contact with the ice
only on its bow, and neglect all forces between the ships hull and water except
for the thrust.
Solution
The FBD at the right shows only the forces acting in the xy plane.
If the ship moves through the ice with constant velocity, the ship
is in static equilibrium and thus,
X
Fx D 0 W 2N sin 17 C 2F cos 17 106 lb D 0: (1)
The ship slides against the ice, thus
F D k N D .0:06/N:
(2)
Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) provides

106 lb
D 1:43106 lb and
2. sin 17 C .0:06/ cos 17 /
106 lb .0:06/
F D
D 8:58104 lb:
2. sin 17 C .0:06/ cos 17 /
N D
(3)
(4)
Photo credit: United States Coast Guard.
May 11, 2012
1344
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.11
The structure consists of two uniform members AB and BC , each weighing
2 kN. The members are pinned to each other at B, and the structure is supported by a pin at C and a surface at A having coefficient of static friction 1.2.
Determine the largest positive value P the structure can support.
Solution
The FBDs shown at the right are drawn assuming that point A
tends to slide to the left. Using these FBDs, we write and solve
the following equations.
Member AB:
X
MB D 0 W
N.4 m/ C F .3 m/ C .2 kN/.2 m/ D 0: (1)
If motion is impending, then F D N D .1:2/N . Solving these

equations for N and F provides
N D 10:00 kN
Member BC:
Member AB:
MC D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
and
F D 12:00 kN:
.2 kN/.2:5 m/ C By .5 m/ D 0
N
2 kN
P C By D 0
(2)
)
)
By D
1:000 kN
P D 7:00 kN.
(3)
(4)
May 11, 2012
1345
Statics 2e
Problem 9.12
Water ( D 62:4 lb=ft3 ) is retained by a uniform thin semicircular dam having
1 ft radius and 3 ft depth into the plane of the figure. The dam weighs 60 lb and
is supported by a cable AC and by frictional contact with the bottom of the
channel at B. Determine the minimum coefficient of friction so that the dam
does not slip at B.
Solution
The FBD shown at the right is drawn assuming that point B tends to slide
to the left. The fluid pressure at B is
pB D .1 ft/ D 62:40 lb=ft2 :
(1)
The resultant force due to the fluid pressure loading is

P D 21 .62:4 lb=ft2 /.1 ft/.3 ft/ D 93:60 lb:
(2)
The weight of the gate is WAB D 60 lb and the weight of the volume of
water included in the FBD is
Ww D 14 .1 ft/2 .3 ft/ D 147:0 lb:
(3)
The equilibrium equations are

X
MA D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
WAB
T 35
T 54
2.1 ft/
4.1 ft/
C Ww
C Bx .2 ft/

3
P C Bx D 0
WAB
P .2 ft
1 ft
3 /
D0
Ww C By D 0
If motion is impending then F D N
Bx D 27:70 lb; (4)
T D 109:8 lb;
By D 294:9 lb: (6)
(5)
Bx D By . Therefore
0:0939 is needed to prevent slip at point B.
(7)
May 11, 2012
1346
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.13
A long concrete retaining wall with 2:4103 kg=m3 density is used to support
a soil embankment. Assuming the soil behaves as a fluid with 1:5103 kg=m3
density, determine the required coefficient of friction so the wall does not slip
along its base, and determine if the wall is safe from tipping.
Solution
The FBD is shown at the right. The weight W of the concrete, assuming a
1 m thickness in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the figure, is
W D c gVC

i
m h1
3 kg
D 2:4 10 3
9:81 2 2 .1:2 m/.3 m/.1 m/
m
s
2
D 84,760 N = 84.76 kN.
(1)
(2)
(3)
The soil pressure at point B is

m
kg
9:81 2 .3 m/
pB D s g .3 m/ D 1:5 10 3
m
s
N
kN
D 44,150 2 D 44:15 2 :
m
m

The force applied by the soil to the retaining wall is

q
1
P D pB .1:2 m/2 C .3 m/2 .1 m/ D 71:32 kN,
2
and the distance h from point B to the line of action of P is
q
1
.1:2 m/2 C .3 m/2 D 1:077 m:
hD
3
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Sliding analysis: Using the FBD,

X
X
Fy D 0 W
W CPp
Fx D 0 W
Pp
3
10:44
1:2
10:44
D0
D0
N D 58:27 kN;
F D 66:22 kN:
(8)
(9)
To prevent slip at the base of the retaining wall, the minimum coefficient of friction is
D
F
66:22 kN
D
D 1.136.
N
58:27 kN
Tipping analysis: Using the FBD,

X
MB D 0 W
N (1.2 m
d / C P h D 0;
(10)
(11)
May 11, 2012
1347
Statics 2e
d D 1:2 m
Ph
:
N
(12)
Using the values of P; h, and N obtained earlier, Eq. (12) provides

dD
0:118 m:
(13)
Since d is negative,
the retaining wall is not safe from tipping.
May 11, 2012
1348
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.14
A long concrete gravity dam retains water in a reservoir. The surface between the dam
and earth has coefficients of friction s D 0:8 and k D 0:7. When the reservoir is
completely full (i.e., h D 8 m), determine if the dam is safe from both overturning
(tipping) and sliding along its base. The specific weight of concrete is c D 25 kN=m3
and the density of water is w D 103 kg=m3 .
Solution
The FBD for the dam and a volume of water is shown at the right. The water pressure
at the bottom of the reservoir (i.e., base of the dam) is
p D w g.8 m/ D 103
kg
m
kN
N
.9:81 2 /.8 m/ D 7:848104 2 D 78:48 2 :
3
m
s
m
m
(1)
For a 1 m thick section of dam (into the plane of the figure), the resultant force P
due to the fluid pressure loading is
P D 21 p.8 m/.1 m/ D 313:9 kN:
(2)
The weight of the water and the weight of the concrete in the FBD are, respectively
m
kg
/.9:81 2 / 12 .6 m/.8 m/.1 m/ D 2:354105 N D 235:4 kN;
3
m
s
kN 1
D .25 3 / 2 .6 m/.8 m/.1 m/ D 600 kN:
m
Ww D w gVwater D .103
(3)
Wc D c Vconcrete
(4)
Sliding analysis: Using the FBD shown above, the equilibrium equations are
X
Fy D 0 W N Wc Ww D 0 ) N D 835:4 kN;
X
Fx D 0 W F P D 0 ) F D 313:9 kN:
(5)
(6)
For impending slip, F D s N , and combining this with Eqs. (5) and (6), we obtain the minimum coefficient
of static friction to prevent sliding
.s /min D
F
313:9 kN
D
D 0:3758:
N
835:4 kN
(7)
Since the value of s given in the problem statement exceeds .s /min (i.e., since 0:8 > 0:3758), the dam will
not slide.
Tipping analysis: Using the FBD shown above,
X
MA D 0 W N ` Wc 13 .6 m/ Ww 32 .6 m/ C P 13 .8 m/ D 0
.835:4 kN/`
)
.600 kN/ 31 .6 m/
(8)
.235:4 kN/ 23 .6 m/ C .313:9 kN/ 31 .8 m/ D 0;
` D 1:56 m:
(9)
(10)
Since 0 < ` 6 m, the dam will not tip.

The dam will not slide or tip when the reservoir is completely full.
(11)
May 11, 2012
1349
Statics 2e
Problem 9.15
Repeat Prob. 9.14 if the reservoir is on the left-hand side of the dam.
Solution
The FBD for the dam is shown at the right. The water pressure at the bottom of the
reservoir (i.e., point A) is
p D w g.8 m/ D 103
kg
m
N
kN
.9:81 2 /.8 m/ D 7:848104 2 D 78:48 2 :
m3
s
m
m
(1)
For a 1 m thick section of dam (into the plane of the figure), the resultant force P
P D 21 p.8 m/.1 m/ D 313:9 kN:
(2)
The weight of the concrete in the FBD is

Wc D c Vconcrete D .25
kN 1
/ .6 m/.8 m/.1 m/ D 600 kN:
m3 2
X
Fy D 0 W N Wc D 0 ) N D 600 kN;
X
Fx D 0 W P F D 0 ) F D 313:9 kN:
(3)
(4)
(5)
.s /min D
313:9 kN
F
D
D 0:5232:
N
600 kN
(6)
Since the value of s given in the problem statement exceeds .s /min (i.e., since 0:8 > 0:5232), the dam will
not slide.
X
MA D 0 W N ` Wc 31 .6 m/
.600 kN/`
P 13 .8 m/ D 0
.600 kN/ 13 .6 m/
)
.313:9 kN/ 31 .8 m/ D 0;
` D 3:40 m:
(7)
(8)
(9)
Since 0 < ` 6 m, the dam will not tip.

The dam will not slide or tip when the reservoir is completely full.
(10)
May 11, 2012
1350
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.16
The owner of a small concrete gravity dam is considering attaching steel plate to the
face of the dam so that a greater depth of water can be retained. The surface between
the dam and earth has coefficients of friction s D 0:6 and k D 0:55. Determine
if the dam is safe from both overturning (tipping) and sliding along its base. The
specific weights of concrete and water are c D 150 lb=ft3 and w D 62:4 lb=ft3 ,
respectively. Neglect the weight of the steel plate.
Solution
The FBD for the dam is shown at the right. The water pressure at the bottom of
the reservoir is
p D w .3 ft/ D 62:4
lb
lb
.3 ft/ D 187:2 2 :
ft3
ft
(1)
For a 1 ft thick section of dam (into the plane of the figure), the resultant force P
P D 12 p.3 ft/.1 ft/ D 280:8 lb:
(2)
The weight of the concrete dam is W1 C W2 where W1 and W2 are

W1 D c .1 ft/.2 ft/.1 ft/ D 300 lb;
and
W2 D c 12 .1 ft/.2 ft/.1 ft/ D 150 lb:
X
Fy D 0 W N W1 W2 D 0 ) N D 450 lb;
X
Fx D 0 W P F D 0 ) F D 280:8 lb:
(3)
(4)
(5)
.s /min D
F
280:8 lb
D
D 0:624:
N
450 lb
(6)
Since .s /min exceeds the value of s given in the problem statement (i.e., since 0:624 > 0:6),
the dam will fail by sliding.
Note that the dam may also fail by tipping, thus we carry out the following analysis.
X
MA D 0 W
P .1 ft/ C W1 .1:5 ft/ C W2 23 .1 ft/
N` D 0
.280:8 lb/.1 ft/ C .300 lb/.1:5 ft/ C .150 lb/ 32 .1 ft/

)
(7)
.450 lb/` D 0;
` D 0:598 ft:
(8)
(9)
Since 0 ` 2 ft,
the dam will not tip.
May 11, 2012
1351
Statics 2e
Problem 9.17
A wedge is used to level a structure. All contact surfaces have coefficients
of static and kinetic friction of 0.3 and 0.25, respectively, and W D 500 N.
Assume the dimensions of the wedge are small. Determine the value of P to
cause impending motion of the wedge:
(a) To the left.
(b) To the right.
Solution
Part (a) Wedge C slides to the left, which allows the the FBDs shown
at the right to be drawn.
X
Beam AB:
MA D 0 W
.500 N/.300 mm/
C N2 cos 15 .600 mm/
F2 cos 15 .80 mm/
N2 sin 15 .80 mm/

F2 sin 15 .600 mm/ D 0:
(1)
F2 D s N2 D .0:3/N2 :
(2)
If motion is impending, then

F1 D s N1 D .0:30/N1
and
Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) for N2 and F2 provides

N2 D 306:7 N;
Wedge C:
F2 D 92:01 N:
(3)
Fy D 0 W
N1
Fx D 0 W
F1 C N2 sin 15 C F2 cos 15
N2 cos 15 C F2 sin 15 D 0;
P D 0:
(4)
(5)
Using Eqs. (2) and (3), Eq. (4) is solved to obtain

N1 D 272:4 N;
F1 D 81:73 N:
(6)
and Eq. (5) is solved to obtain

P D 250 N:
(7)
May 11, 2012
1352
Solutions Manual
Part (b) Wedge C slides to the right, which allows the the FBDs shown
at the right to be drawn. Note that these FBDs are identical to those in
Part (a), except that the directions of the friction forces F1 , F2 , and F3
are opposite.
X
Beam AB:
MA D 0 W
.500 N/.300 mm/
C N2 cos 15 .600 mm/
N2 sin 15 .80 mm/
C F2 cos 15 .80 mm/ C F2 sin 15 .600 mm/ D 0:
(8)

F1 D s N1 D .0:30/N1
and
F2 D s N2 D .0:3/N2 :
(9)
Solving Eqs. (8) and (9) for N2 and F2 provides

N2 D 238:6 N;
Wedge C:
Fy D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
N1
F2 D 71:59 N:
N2 cos 15
F1 C N2 sin 15
(10)
F2 sin 15 D 0;
F2 cos 15
P D 0:
(11)
(12)
Using Eqs. (9) and (10), Eq. (11) is solved to obtain

N1 D 249:0 N;
F1 D 74:70 N:
(13)
and Eq. (12) is solved to obtain

P D
82:1 N:
(14)
The negative result for P means that the force needed to move wedge C to the right must be applied to the
right.
May 11, 2012
1353
Statics 2e
Problem 9.18
Blocks A and B each have 2 kg mass. All contact surfaces have the same coefficient
of friction. Determine the force P needed to cause impending motion of block B to
the left if the coefficient of static friction is
0.4.
Solution
Each block has weight W D .2 kg/ .9:81 m=s2 / D 19:62 N. With block B
sliding to the left and block A sliding upward, the FBDs are shown at the right.
X
Block A:
Fy D 0 W N2 cos 20 F2 sin 20 F3 W D 0; (1)
X
Fx D 0 W
N2 sin 20 F2 cos 20 C N3 D 0:
(2)
Block B:
Fy D 0 W
N1
N2 cos 20 C F2 sin 20
W D 0;
(3)
Fx D 0 W
P D 0:
(4)

F1 D s N1 D .0:4/N1 ;
F2 D s N2 D .0:4/N2 ;
and F3 D s N3 D .0:4/N3 :
(5)
While there are seven equations with seven unknowns, these are easily solved, as follows. Using Eq. (5),
Eqs. (1) and (2) become, respectively,
N2 cos 20
.0:4/N2 sin 20
N2 sin 20
.0:4/N3
W D 0;
.0:4/N2 cos 20 C N3 D 0:
(6)
(7)
Multiplying Eq. (7) by 0.4 and adding this to Eq. (6) provides one equation where N2 is the only unknown,
and solving for this provides N2 D 38:04 N. Substituting N2 into the other equations then provides the
remaining unknowns, with the results
N1 D 50:16 N;
F1 D 20:07 N;
(8)
N2 D 38:04 N;
F2 D 15:22 N;
(9)
N3 D 27:31 N;
F3 D 10:92 N;
(10)
P D 47:4 N:
(11)
May 11, 2012
1354
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.19
the left if the coefficient of static friction is
0.3.
Solution
Each block has weight W D .2 kg/ .9:81 m=s2 / D 19:62 N. With block B
sliding to the left and block A sliding upward, the FBDs are shown at the right.
X
Block A:
Fy D 0 W N2 cos 20 F2 sin 20 F3 W D 0; (1)
X
Fx D 0 W
N2 sin 20 F2 cos 20 C N3 D 0:
(2)
Block B:
Fy D 0 W
N1
N2 cos 20 C F2 sin 20
W D 0;
(3)
Fx D 0 W
P D 0:
(4)

F1 D s N1 D .0:3/N1 ;
F2 D s N2 D .0:3/N2 ;
and F3 D s N3 D .0:3/N3 :
(5)
While there are seven equations with seven unknowns, these are easily solved, as follows. Using Eq. (5),
Eqs. (1) and (2) become, respectively,
N2 cos 20
.0:3/N2 sin 20
N2 sin 20
.0:3/N3
W D 0;
.0:3/N2 cos 20 C N3 D 0:
(6)
(7)
Multiplying Eq. (7) by 0.3 and adding this to Eq. (6) provides one equation where N2 is the only unknown,
and solving for this provides N2 D 30:19 N. Substituting N2 into the other equations then provides the
remaining unknowns, with the results
N1 D 44:89 N;
F1 D 13:47 N;
(8)
N2 D 30:19 N;
F2 D 9:057 N;
(9)
N3 D 18:84 N;
F3 D 5:651 N;
(10)
P D 32:3 N:
(11)
May 11, 2012
1355
Statics 2e
Problem 9.20
A roll of paper weighs 5 N with center of gravity at point A. The roll is
supported by a steel bar AB that has negligible weight, and the roll rests against
a vertical wall with equal coefficients of static and kinetic friction of 0.5. If the
paper tears when angle reaches 20 , determine the strength of the sheet of
paper.
Solution
The FBD is shown at the right, and the equilibrium equations are
X
MA D 0 W
T .60 mm/
)
.0:5/ R .60 mm/ D 0;
(1)
R D 2T;
Fx D 0 W
T cos 20 C TAB
Fy D 0 W
T sin 20 C TAB
(2)
60
100
80
100
R D 0;
.0:5/ R
(3)
5 N D 0:
(4)
Using Eq. (2), Eqs. (3) and (4) become

T cos 20 C TAB
T sin 20 C TAB
60
100
80
100
2 T D 0;
.0:5/ 2 T
(5)
5 N D 0:
(6)
Equations (5) and (6) may be solved a variety of ways to obtain T , and we use the following approach.
Multiply Eq. (5) by 80, and multiply Eq. (6) by 60, and add the results, thus canceling TAB , to obtain the
strength of the paper as
h
i
T 80 .cos 20 C 2/ C 60 .sin 20 C 1/ C 60 .5 N/ D 0;
(7)
T D
80 .cos 20
60 .5 N/
D 1.940 N.
C 2/ C 60 .sin 20 C 1/
(8)
May 11, 2012
1356
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.21
In Prob. 9.20, let the strength of the paper be 4 N. Determine the largest value
of angle so that paper may be pulled off the roll without tearing. Hint: The
equilibrium equations are difficult to solve analytically. Thus, a solution using
software such as Mathematica or Maple is helpful, or an approximate solution
(i.e., graphical or by trial and error) to obtain with two-digit accuracy is also
acceptable.
Solution
The FBD is shown at the right, and the equilibrium equations are
X
MA D0 W .4 N/.60 mm/ .0:5/ R .60 mm/ D 0;
)
X
Fx D0 W
Fy D0 W
R D 8 N;
(2)
60
100
80
4 N sin C TAB
100
4 N cos C TAB
(1)
R D 0;
.0:5/ R
(3)
5 N D 0:
(4)
Equations (2)(4) could be solved simultaneously using software such as Mathematica or Maple to obtain
TAB and , but we elect to first simplify these equations slightly. Using Eq. (2), Eqs. (3) and (4) become
4 N cos C TAB
60
100
8 N D 0;
(5)
4 N sin C TAB
80
100
9 N D 0:
(6)
We combine Eqs. (5) and (6) to eliminate TAB as follows. Multiply Eq. (5) by 80, multiply Eq. (6) by 60,
and add the results to obtain
.80/. 4 N/ cos
.80/.8 N/ C .60/.4 N/ sin C .60/.9 N/ D 0;
(7)
which is simplified to obtain

16 cos
12 sin C 5 D 0:
(8)
We use Mathematica to solve Eq. (8) as follows.
The negative solution for is discarded because it is physically impossible, and hence the angle at which
the paper will tear is
180
D 1:17998 radian
D 67:61 .
(9)
radian
May 11, 2012
1357
Statics 2e
Rather than using software to obtain the solution, an approximate solution with acceptable accuracy can
be obtained using trial and error. In the following table, we guess for a value of , and then evaluate the
left-hand side of Eq. (8), with the following results

65
66
67
68
69
70
16 cos
12 sin C 5
0:8862
0:5452
0:2056
0:1325
0:4691
0:8040
Clearly, the solution for is between 67 and 68 , and with a little more experimentation, the solution is
found to be closer to 68 . Thus, to two digit accuracy, the angle at which the paper will tear is
68 :
(10)
Alternate solution An analytic solution may be found as follows. Squaring each of Eqs. (5) and (6) and
adding the results provides
2
.16 N2 /.sin2 C cos2 / D TAB
.24 N/TAB C 145 N2 D 0:
(11)
Noting that sin2 C cos2 D 1, Eq. (11) becomes

2
TAB
.24 N/TAB C 129 N2 D 0:
(12)
Using the quadratic formula, the two solutions to Eq. (12) are
TAB D 8:127 N
and TAB D 15:87 N:
(13)
Determining the values of that correspond to these solutions is somewhat subtle. To this end, Eqs. (5) and
(6) may be rearranged to obtain, respectively,
i
1 h
60
D cos 1
TAB
8N ;
(14)
4N
100
i
1 h
80
D sin 1
TAB
9N :
(15)
4N
100
For the first solution in Eq. (13), Eqs. (14) and (15) provide
for TAB D 8:127 N;
Eq. (14)
Eq. (15)
)
)
D 141:3 ;
D
and
38:65 :
(16)
(17)
Since these values of are different, we conclude that TAB D 8:127 N is not a solution to this problem. For
the second solution in Eq. (13), Eqs. (14) and (15) provide
for TAB D 15:87 N;
Eq. (14)
Eq. (15)
)
)
D 67:61 ;
and
D 67:61 :
(18)
(19)
Since these values of agree, we conclude that the paper will tear when
D 67:61 :
(20)
May 11, 2012
1358
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.22
The bicycle shown has a brake for each wheel. The rider and bicycle
weigh 120 lb with center of gravity at point C , and the bicycle descends a
straight slope with D 15 . For each of the braking situations given below,
determine the minimum coefficient of kinetic friction between the tires and
pavement so that the bicycle will descend the slope at a uniform speed, and
determine if the bicycle is safe from tipping.
(a) Only the rear brake is applied, causing the rear wheel to skid on the
pavement.
(b) Only the front brake is applied, causing the front wheel to skid on the
pavement.
(c) Both the rear and front brakes are applied, causing both wheels to
skid on the pavement.
Solution
The FBD for the bicycle is shown at the right, where either or both
of the wheels may have their brakes applied.
X
MA D 0 W NB .36 in./ .120 lb/ cos 15 .16 in./
.120 lb/ sin 15 .42 in./ D 0;
X
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W NA C NB
FA
(1)
FB C .120 lb/ sin 15 D 0;

.120 lb/ cos 15 D 0:
(2)
(3)
Part (a) If only the rear brake is applied, causing the rear wheel
to skid on the pavement, then
FA D NA
and FB D 0:
(4)
Equations (1)(4) are easily solved to obtain

D 1:103;
NA D 28:16 lb,
(5)
and NB D 87:75 lb.
(6)
Since NA is positive, the bicycle is safe from tipping.

Part (b) If only the front brake is applied, causing the front wheel to skid on the pavement, then
FA D 0
and
FB D NB :
(7)
Equations (1)(3) and Eq. (7) are easily solved to obtain

D 0:3540;
NA D 28:16 lb,
and
NB D 87:75 lb:
(8)
(9)

May 11, 2012
1359
Statics 2e
Part (c) If both brakes are applied, causing both wheels to skid on the pavement, then
FA D NA
and
FB D NB :
(10)
Equations (1)(3) and Eq. (10) are easily solved to obtain

D 0:2680;
NA D 28:16 lb,
and NB D 87:75 lb.
(11)
(12)
Remark It is perhaps unexpected that the normal forces at each wheel, NA and NB , are the same for all
three braking situations. That this is true can be seen from Eq. (1), which yields NB , and Eq. (3), which then
yields NA .
May 11, 2012
1360
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.23
The machine shown is used to move boxes. Bar ABC slides horizontally in the
bearing of the fixed machine housing. Points B, C , and D are pins, and point
C has a frictionless roller. The flywheel E rotates clockwise under the action of
moment ME . The horizontal surface on which the box rests has coefficients of
friction s D 0:3 and k D 0:25, and all other contact surfaces are frictionless.
If the box weighs 900 N, determine the moment ME that must be applied to
the flywheel to initiate motion of the box, and determine if the motion is sliding
or tipping.
Solution
Sliding analysis: The FBDs for the various members of the
machine are shown at the right.
Box:
X
Fy D 0 W
X
Fx D 0 W
900 N D 0
)
N D 900 N; (1)
Cx D F:
(2)
F D s N D .0:3/.900 N/ D 270 N;
(3)
Cx
F D0
If sliding of the box is impending, then
and from Eq. (2),

Cx D 270 N:
(4)
Tipping analysis: For tipping, the FBD of the box is shown at the right, and
X
Box:
MO D 0 W .900 N/.0:3 m/ Cx .0:5 m/ D 0;
(5)
)
Cx D 540 N:
(6)
Motion of the box will occur when Cx reaches the smaller of Eqs. (4) and (6). Thus,
Cx D 270 N, the box will slide rather than tip, and using this value of Cx , we carry
out the remainder of the solution.
Member ABC:
Fx D 0 W
FBD cos 20
Cx D 0;
(7)
270 N
D 287:3 N:
(8)
cos 20
An expanded view of the FBD for the flywheel is shown at the right, and using this,
X
Flywheel E:
ME D 0 W FBD .cos 20 /.0:2 m/.sin 45 /
)
FBD D
FBD .sin 20 /.0:2 m/.cos 45 /
ME D 0:
(9)
With FBD D 287:3 N, solving the above for ME provides

ME D 24:3 Nm;
and the box will slide rather than tip:
(10)
May 11, 2012
1361
Statics 2e
Problem 9.24
An 8 ft long ladder has seven rungs. The rungs are spaced 1 ft apart, and the top and
bottom rungs are 1 ft from their respective ends of the ladder. The top of the ladder
has a roller. Neglect the weight of the ladder and assume the workers hand applies no
force to the ladder.
(a) If the worker weighs 140 lb and stands on the middle rung, determine the minimum value of the coefficient of friction so that the ladder does not slide.
(b) If the worker weighs 140 lb and stands on a different rung, does your answer to
Part (a) change? Explain.
(c) If the worker weighs more than 140 lb and stands on the middle rung, does your
answer to Part (a) change? Explain.
Solution
Part (a) Using the FBD shown at the right, the equilibrium equations are
X
MA D 0 W
W .4 ft/ cos 60 C Bx .8 ft/ sin 60 D 0;
X
Fy D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
(1)
Bx D 40:41 lb;
(2)
W D0
N D 140 lb:
(3)
Bx D 0
F D 40:41 lb:
(4)
If motion is impending, F D s N . Therefore, the minimum coefficient of static

friction to prevent slip is
min D
F
40:41 lb
D
D 0:289:
N
140 lb
(5)
Part (b) If the worker moves to a different rung, the answer to Part (a) will change, as follows. Regardless
of the workers position, N does not change. If the worker moves to a higher rung, from Eq. (1), Bx will
increase, hence from Eq. (4), F will increase. Thus, from Eq. (5), the value of to prevent slip will also
increase. If the worker moves to a lower rung, Bx and F will decrease, hence the value of to prevent slip
will also decrease.
Part (c) If the workers weight increases, both F and N in Part (a) increase in proportion. However, the
ratio F=N remains the same, so the value min D 0:289 does not change.
May 11, 2012
1362
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.25
In Prob. 9.24, the roller at B is removed and the surfaces at A and B both have the
same coefficient of friction. If the worker weighs 140 lb and stands on the middle rung,
determine the minimum value of the coefficient of friction so that the ladder does not
slide. Hint: The use of mathematical software is helpful, but is not required.
Solution
The equilibrium equations are:
X
MA D 0 W
W .4 ft/ cos 60 C N2 .8 ft/ sin 60 C F2 .8 ft/ cos 60 D 0; (1)
X
Fy D 0 W N1 C F2 W D 0;
(2)
X
Fx D 0 W F1 N2 D 0:
(3)
When slip is impending
F1 D N1 ;
(4)
F2 D N2 ;
(5)
where is the coefficient of static friction. Equations (1)(5) are five equations in
five unknowns (N1 , F1 , N2 , F2 , and ). Using computer software, the solution for
the coefficient of friction for impending slip, and hence the minimum value of to
prevent slip, is easily obtained as
D cos 60 C sin 60

1 tan 60 D 0:268:
(6)
Alternate solution Rather than use computer software to solve Eqs. (1)(5), they can be solved by hand,
as follows. Combine Eqs. (1) and (5), and divide by 4 ft to obtain
W C 2N2 .tan 60 C / D 0:
(7)
Equation (7) is easily solved to obtain N2 , and with Eq. (5), F2 is also obtained, with the results
N2 D
W
2.tan 60 C /
and
F2 D
W
:
2.tan 60 C /
(8)
Equation (3) provides F1 D N2 , and Eq. (4) provides N1 D .1=/F1 . Since N2 is known, we obtain
N1 D
1
W
2.tan 60 C /
and
F1 D
W
:
2.tan 60 C /
(9)
May 11, 2012
1363
Statics 2e
Using the above result for N1 , Eq. (2) becomes
h
F2 D W 1
i
1
1
:
2.tan 60 C /
(10)
The expressions for F2 given in Eqs. (8) and (10) must be equal, thus
h
W
D
W
1
2.tan 60 C /
i
1
1
:
2.tan 60 C /
(11)
W cancels in the above equation, and we multiply both sides by 2.tan 60 C / to obtain
D 2.tan 60 C /
1
:

(12)
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (12) by and rearranging gives the quadratic eqation
2 C 2.tan 60 /
1 D 0:
(13)
Solving Eq. (13) provides

D
tan 60 2 D
3:73; 0:268:
(14)
The negative solution is physically meaningless, thus the coefficient of friction for impending slip, and
hence the minimum value of to prevent slip, is
D 0:268:
(15)
May 11, 2012
1364
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.26
The mechanism for a gumball machine is shown in Figs. P9.26 and P9.27. To
begin dispensing a gumball, as shown in Fig. P9.26, a horizontal force P1 is
applied to block A to cause it to begin sliding to the right while member CD
simultaneously begins to lift door B. After the door B is fully open, as shown in
Fig. P9.27, the gumball drops out of the machine. Blocks A and B weigh 0:3 lb
and 0:2 lb, respectively, and the weights of member CD and the gumballs may
be neglected. The pins at points C and D are frictionless, blocks A and B are a
loose fit in their tracks, and all contact surfaces have a coefficient of friction of
0.3. The motion of the blocks is slow enough so that static equilibrium may be
assumed.
Determine the value of P1 that will cause block A to begin moving to the
right.
Solution
The tracks ensure that neither block can tip. Since the gumballs have negligible weight, we may assume that
they apply no forces to block A. Noting that member CD is a two-force member, the FBDs are
If block A slides, then block B must also slide, and

FA D NA D 0:3 NA ;
and
FB D NB D 0:3 NB :
(1)
Block B:
X
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
)
FCD
FCD
3
5
0:3 NB
FCD D 0:5555 lb
4
5
NB D 0;
(2)
0:2 lb D 0;
(3)
and NB D 0:4444 lb.
(4)
Block A:
X
Fy D 0 W
NA
Fx D 0 W
P1
3
0:3 lb D 0;
5
4
0:3 NA D 0;
5
FCD
FCD
P1 D 0:6344 lb
and
NA D 0:6333 lb.
(5)
(6)
(7)
May 11, 2012
1365
Statics 2e
Problem 9.27
The mechanism for a gumball machine is shown in Figs. P9.26 and P9.27. To
begin dispensing a gumball, as shown in Fig. P9.26, a horizontal force P1 is
applied to block A to cause it to begin sliding to the right while member CD
simultaneously begins to lift door B. After the door B is fully open, as shown in
Fig. P9.27, the gumball drops out of the machine. Blocks A and B weigh 0:3 lb
and 0:2 lb, respectively, and the weights of member CD and the gumballs may
be neglected. The pins at points C and D are frictionless, blocks A and B are a
loose fit in their tracks, and all contact surfaces have a coefficient of friction of
0.3. The motion of the blocks is slow enough so that static equilibrium may be
assumed.
Just before the door B is fully opened, as shown in Fig. P9.27, determine
the value of P2 .
Solution

FA D NA D 0:3 NA ;
and
FB D NB D 0:3 NB :
(1)
Block B:
X
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W FCD
)
FCD
FCD
1:4
5
NB D 0;
4:8
0:3 NB 0:2 lb D 0;
5
D 0:2283 lb and NB D 0:06393 lb.
(2)
(3)
(4)
Block A:
X
Fy D 0 W
NA
Fx D 0 W
P2
4:8
5
1:4
FCD
5
FCD
P2 D 0:2197 lb
0:3 lb D 0;
(5)
0:3 NA D 0;
(6)
and
NA D 0:5192 lb.
(7)
May 11, 2012
1366
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.28
The mechanism for a gumball machine is shown in Figs. P9.26 and P9.27. To begin dispensing a gumball,
as shown in Fig. P9.26, a horizontal force P1 is applied to block A to cause it to begin sliding to the right
while member CD simultaneously begins to lift door B. After the door B is fully open, as shown in
Fig. P9.27, the gumball drops out of the machine. Blocks A and B weigh 0:3 lb and 0:2 lb, respectively,
and the weights of member CD and the gumballs may be neglected. The pins at points C and D are
frictionless, blocks A and B are a loose fit in their tracks, and all contact surfaces have a coefficient of
friction of 0.3. The motion of the blocks is slow enough so that static equilibrium may be assumed.
In Fig. P9.27, where the door is fully open, replace the force P2 with a force Q in the opposite direction.
Determine the value of Q so that block A will begin moving to the left.
Solution

FA D NA D 0:3 NA ;
and
FB D NB D 0:3 NB :
(1)
Block B:
X
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W FCD
)
FCD
1:4
5
4:8
C 0:3 NB
5
FCD D 0:1916 lb
NB D 0;
(2)
0:2 lb D 0;
(3)
and NB D 0.0537 lb.
(4)
Block A:
X
Fy D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
)
NA
Q
4:8
0:3 lb D 0;
5
1:4
FCD
C 0:3 NA D 0;
5
FCD
Q D 0:0915 lb
and
NA D 0.4839 lb.
(5)
(6)
(7)
May 11, 2012
1367
Statics 2e
Problem 9.29
The tool shown is used by a person to carry a large sheet of plywood. The
tool consists of aluminum clamps A and B, and steel member CDE, with
frictionless pins at points C and D. The weights of all members are negligible,
except for the weight of the plywood. If the coefficient of friction between
aluminum and plywood is 0.2, determine the largest value of h so that the
plywood does not slip out of the tool. Assume that the person rests the plywood
on their hip so that the sheet of plywood is vertical.
Solution
The FBDs are shown below. By considering equilibrium of the tool and plywood together, equilibrium of
forces in the vertical direction gives Ey D W where W is the weight of the plywood. On the FBD of the
plywood, the horizontal force P is due to the plywood resting on the persons hip; this force is necessary if
the plywood is to be vertical while it is being carried.
We assume slip is impending on both clamping surfaces. Thus,

FA D NA D 0:2 NA ;
and FB D NB D 0:2 NB ;
(1)
and these forces are shown on the FBDs.

Clamp A:
X
Fx D 0 W
NA C Dx D 0
Dx D NA ;
(2)
Fy D 0 W
0:2 NA C Dy D 0
Dy D 0:2 NA :
(3)
Cx D 0
Cx D NB ;
(4)
0:2 NB C Cy D 0
Cy D 0:2 NB :
(5)
Clamp B:
X
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
NB
May 11, 2012
1368
Solutions Manual
Member CDE:
X
MC D 0 W
X
Fx D 0 W
X
Fy D 0 W
W .8 in./ C Dx h D 0;
(6)
Dx C Cx D 0;
(7)
Dy C W D 0:
(8)
Cy
Using Eqs. (2)(5), Eqs. (6)(8) become

W .8 in./ C NA h D 0;
(9)
NA C NB D 0;
(10)
0:2 NA C W D 0:
(11)
0:2 NB
Equation (9) provides
NA D W
8 in.
;
h
(12)
NB D W
8 in.
;
h
(13)
and then Eq. (10) provides
and then Eq. (11) becomes

0:2 W
8 in.
h
0:2 W
8 in.
C W D 0:
h
(14)
Canceling W and solving for h provides

h D 2 .0:2/ 8 in. D 3.2 in.
(15)
May 11, 2012
1369
Statics 2e
Problem 9.30
A table saw for cutting wood is shown. The blade rotates counterclockwise,
and the operator pushes the wood into the blade using a stick to help keep his
or her hand away from the blade. Despite this safety precaution, it is possible
for the wood to be propelled by the blade with great force and speed into the
operator, causing injury. To help prevent this accident, the saw is outfitted with
an antikickback device, which weighs 0:3 lb with center of gravity at point B.
Neglecting friction between the wood and saw table, determine the minimum
coefficient of friction between the wood and the antikickback device that will
prevent the wood workpiece from kicking back.
Solution
The FBD shown at the right is drawn assuming that the board slips to the left.
X
MA D 0 W N.1:5 in:/ F .2 in:/ .0:3 lb/.1 in:/ D 0:
(1)
If slip is impending, then
F D s N:
(2)
Solving these equations for N provides

N D
0:3 in:lb
:
1:5 in: s .2 in:/
(3)
By examining Eq. (3), we see that N becomes large, and hence F becomes large, when
1:5 in:
s .2 in:/ D 0
s D
1:5
D 0:75.
2
(4)
May 11, 2012
1370
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.31
Bar ABC has square cross section and can slide in the square hole that is in
collar D. Collar D is supported by fixed vertical post E that is built in at its
base. The collar D can translate in the direction and rotate about the axis
without friction; other translations and rotations are constrained. End C of
the square cross section bar rests on a horizontal surface having coefficients of
friction s D 0:6 and k D 0:5. If bar ABC is initially motionless, determine
the positive value of P that will cause impending motion. For this value of P ,
also determine the reactions between bar ABC and the collar D.
Solution
The FBD shown at the right is drawn assuming that point C will tend
to slide in the positive x and positive y directions.
X
Fy D 0 W P Fy D 0;
(1)
X
F D 0 W N 100 lb D 0;
(2)
X
M D 0 W Fx .10 in:/ Fy .5 in:/ .30 lb/.10 in:/ D 0; (3)
X
Fx D 0 W Dx C 30 lb Fx D 0;
(4)
X
My D 0 W MDy N.5 in:/ D 0;
(5)
X
Mx D 0 W MDx C N.10 in:/ .100 lb/.10 in:/ D 0:
(6)
Equations (2), (5), and (6) may be immediately solved to obtain three of our answers,
N D 100 lb;
MDy D 500 in:lb;
and MDx D 0:
(7)
Equation (1) provides

Fy D P;
(8)
and with this result, Eq. (3) provides

Fx D 30 lb C
P
:
2
(9)
With the above result for Fx , Eq. (4) becomes

Dx D
P
:
2
(10)
Sliding is impending when

q
Fx2 C Fy2 D s N:
(11)
Using Eqs. (8) and (9), and with s D 0:6 and N D 100 lb, Eq. (11) becomes, after squaring both sides,
30 lb C
P 2
C P 2 D .0:6/2 .100 lb/2 :
2
(12)
After rearrangement, Eq. (12) becomes

P 2 C .24 lb/P
2160 lb2 D 0:
(13)
May 11, 2012
1371
Statics 2e
Solving this quadratic equation provides two solutions
P D
60:0 lb; 36:0 lb:
(14)
The negative solution is physically meaningless, thus P D 36:0 lb. With this result, Eqs. (8)(10) provide the
remaining reactions, with the results
P D 36:0 lb;
Fy D 36:0 lb;
Fx D 48:0 lb;
Dx D 18:0 lb:
(15)
May 11, 2012
1372
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.32
Three books rest on a table. Books A, B, and C weigh 2, 3, and 4 lb, respectively. Determine the horizontal force applied to book A that causes impending
motion of any of the books to the right, and determine which books move.
Solution
Using the FBD shown at the right, the equilibrium equations for book A are:
X
Fy D 0 W
2 lb C N1 D 0 ) N1 D 2 lb;
X
Fx D 0 W P F1 D 0 ) P D F1 :
(1)
(2)
If slip is impending, F1 D 1 N1 . Therefore the value of P required to cause slip

between books A and B is
P D .0:6/.2 lb/ D 1:20 lb:
(3)
Using the FBD shown at the right, the equilibrium equations for books A and B together
are:
X
Fy D 0 W
5 lb C N2 D 0 ) N2 D 5 lb;
(4)
X
Fx D 0 W P F2 D 0 ) P D F2 :
(5)
between books B and C is
P D .0:3/.5 lb/ D 1:50 lb:
(6)
Using the FBD shown at the right, the equilibrium equations for books A, B, and C
together are:
X
Fy D 0 W
9 lb C N1 D 0 ) N3 D 9 lb;
(7)
X
Fx D 0 W P F3 D 0 ) P D F3 :
(8)
between book C and the table is
P D .0:1/.9 lb/ D 0:900 lb:
(9)
Slip will be impending when P reaches the smallest of the above values. Therefore,
P D 0:900 lb
will cause all books to slide together on the table.
May 11, 2012
1373
Statics 2e
Problem 9.33
To glue blocks B and C to one another, the blocks are temporarily held together
until after a force P D 6 lb is applied. Both blocks weigh 2 lb. During the gluing
operation, the glue between blocks B and C acts as a lubricant, hence this surface
is frictionless. Using the coefficients of friction given in the figure, determine if
this gluing operation can be performed without either block sliding, and if sliding
does occur, determine which of the blocks will slide.
Solution
The FBDs for blocks B and C , and for blocks B and C together, are
shown at the right. We proceed with our solution, assuming the system
is in static equilibrium.
Blocks B and C together:
X
Fy D 0 W NA 6 lb
X
Fx D 0 W
2 lb D 0
NA D 10 lb,
(1)
FC C FA D 0
FA D FC :
(2)
Fy D 0 W NB cos 15
6 lb
2 lb D 0
NB D 8:282 lb,
(3)
Fx D 0 W
FC C NB sin 15 D 0
FC D 2:144 lb.
(4)
2 lb
Block C:
Using Eq. (1),

FA D 2:144 lb.
(5)
2 .6 lb/ D .0:4/.6 lb/ D 2:4 lb;
(6)
The largest the friction force FC may be is
and since FC < 2:4 lb, slip does not occur at the top surface of block C . The largest the friction force FA
may be is
1 NA D .0:2/.10 lb/ D 2 lb:
(7)
Since the value of FA given by Eq. (5), which is required if static equilibrium exists, is larger than Eq. (7),
the gluing operation cannot be performed because block B will slide.
May 11, 2012
1374
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.34
A portion of a machine that is used to lift an egg is shown. The clamps at A and B apply horizontal forces
P to the egg, and the egg can have any of the three positions shown. If P D 0:5 N and an egg has 60 g
mass, determine the smallest value for the coefficient of friction at clamps A and B that will prevent the
egg from slipping.
Solution
The FBD for scenario (a) is shown at the right, where the weight of the egg
is
kg
m
(1)
W D mg D .60 g/ 3 9:81 2 D 0:5886 N.
10 g
s
X
MA D 0 W
.0:5886 N/.35 mm/ FB .60 mm/ D 0;
(2)
)
X
MB D 0 W
FB D 0:3434 N,
FA .60 mm/ D 0;
.0:5886 N/.25 mm/

)
FA D 0:2453 N.
y
x
FA
FB
0.5 N
0.5 N
W
(3)
35 mm 25 mm
(4)
(5)
The coefficients of friction needed at points A and B for slip to be impending are
A D
0:2453 N
FA
D
D 0:4905;
0:5 N
0:5 N
(6)
B D
FB
0:3434 N
D
D 0:6867:
0:5 N
0.5 N
(7)
For scenario (b), by inspection of the results for scenario (a), the coefficients of friction needed for slip to be
impending are
A D 0:6867;
(8)
B D 0:4905:
(9)
y
The FBD for scenario (c) is shown at the right.
MA D 0 W
.0:5886 N/.20 mm/ C FB .40 mm/ D 0

)
Fy D 0 W
FB D 0:2943 N
FA C FB
)
0:5886 N D 0
FA D 0:2943 N
(10)
FA
FB
0.5 N
(11)
(12)
0.5 N
W
20 mm 20 mm
(13)
May 11, 2012
1375
Statics 2e
The coefficients of friction needed at points A and B for slip to be impending are
A D
FA
0:2943 N
D
D 0:5886;
0:5 N
0:5 N
(14)
B D
FB
0:2943 N
D
D 0:5886:
0:5 N
0:5 N
(15)
Thus, for impending slip, the coefficient of friction at point A must be the largest of the values obtained in
Eqs. (6), (8), and (14). Hence,
A D 0:6867:
(16)
Similarly, the coefficient of friction at point B must be the largest of the values obtained in Eqs. (7), (9), and
(15). Hence,
B D 0:6867:
(17)
May 11, 2012
1376
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.35
A portion of a machine that is used to lift a stack of four identical books in
a printing factory is shown. The clamps at A and B apply horizontal forces
P to the books. The coefficient of friction between a clamp and book is 0.6,
and the coefficient of friction between two books is 0.4. If each book weighs
8 N, determine the smallest value of P that will enable the stack of books to be
lifted.
Solution
If slip occurs, it will be between a clamp and book, or between the two left-most books (i.e., books 1 and 2),
or between the two right-most books (i.e., books 3 and 4). Because of the symmetry of the problem, there
is no friction force between books 2 and 3, and hence there is no slip between these books (an alternative
justification is given later.)
Using the FBD of all four books together,
M D 0 and
Fy D 0 requires (or by using symmetry)
FA D FB D 16 N.
(1)
For impending slip at clamps A and B, the clamping force P must be

P D
FA
FB
16 N
D
D
D 26:67 N.
A
B
0.6
(2)
Using the FBD of book 1 (alternatively, the FBD for book 4 could be drawn and used instead),
X
Fx D 0 W P N12 D 0 ) N12 D P;
X
Fy D 0 W
FA
F12 8 N D 0 ) F12 D 8 N.
(3)
(4)
16 N
For impending slip between books 1 and 2, the clamping force must be
N12 D P D
8N
F12
D
D 20 N.
12
0:4
(5)
As stated earlier, there is no slip between books 2 and 3. If this assertion is not
clear, then drawing an appropriate FBD, such as for books 1 and 2 as shown at the
right, and noting that FA is given by Eq. (1), shows that F23 D 0.
Thus, to prevent slip, or for impending slip, the clamping force P must be the
larger of Eqs. (2) and (5). Hence,
P D 26:67 N:
FA
N23
(6)
F23
8N 8N
May 11, 2012
1377
Statics 2e
Problem 9.36
In Prob. 9.35, if P D 75 N, determine how many books may be lifted.
Solution
Let n be the number of books. Shown below is the FBD for all n books together, the FBD for book 1, and the
FBD for books 1 and 2.
y
FA
FB
FA
x
P
FA
N12
P
F12
n (8 N)
F23
8N
Using the FBD of all n books,
M D 0 and
N23
2 (8 N)
Fy D 0 provides
FA D FB D n.4 N/:
(1)
Noting that P D 75 N and the coefficient of friction for clamps A and B is 0.6, Coulombs law provides
FA D FB D A P
n.4 N/ D .0:6/ 75 N
(2)
)
n D 11:25:
(3)
Since n must be an integer number, the largest number of books that may be lifted without slipping at clamps
A and B is n D 11.
Using the FBD of book 1 and Eq. (1), we obtain
X
Fx D 0 W
P N12 D 0 ) N12 D P D 75 N,
(4)
X
Fy D 0 W FA F12 8 N D 0 ) F12 D n.4 N/ 8 N.
(5)
Noting that the coefficient of friction between two books is 0.4, Coulombs law provides
F12 D 12 N12
n.4 N/
8 N D .0:4/ 75 N
(6)
)
n D 9:5:
(7)
Since n must be an integer, the largest number of books that may be lifted without slipping between books 1
and 2 is n D 9.
Using the FBD of books l and 2 and Eq. (1), we obtain
X
Fx D 0 W
P N23 D 0 ) N23 D P D 75 N,
(8)
X
Fy D 0 W FA F23 2.8 N/ D 0 ) F23 D n.4 N/ 16 N.
(9)
Noting that the coefficient of friction between two books is 0.4, Coulombs law provides
F23 D 23 N23
n.4 N/
16 N D .0:4/ 75 N
(10)
)
n D 11:5:
(11)
May 11, 2012
1378
Solutions Manual
Since n must be an integer, the largest number of books that may be lifted without slipping between books 2
and 3 is n D 11.
Using induction, we see that the friction force between subsequent combinations of books decreases
further until the midpoint of the stack of books is reached. Thus, the largest number of books that may be
lifted is the smallest integer value among Eqs. (3), (7), and (11). Hence,
nine books may be lifted.
May 11, 2012
1379
Statics 2e
Problem 9.37
Block A and spool B weigh 8 and 6 lb, respectively. The spool has a string
wrapped around it to which a force P is applied. The coefficient of static friction
between the spool and the contact surfaces at A and C is 0.25. Determine the
value of P that causes impending motion, and determine if slip occurs at A, or C ,
or both locations simultaneously.
Solution
Using the FBDs shown at the right, we write and solve the following equilibrium
equations
X
Block A:
Fy D 0 W N2 8 lb D 0 ) N2 D 8 lb;
(1)
X
Spool B:
Fy D 0 W N1 N2 6 lb D 0 ) N1 D 14 lb:
(2)
Slip at C:
If slip occurs at C , then

F1 D N1 D .0:25/.14 lb/ D 3:5 lb:
Spool B:
Slip at A:
MA D 0 W
(3)
P .9 in:/ C F1 .12 in:/ D 0;
(4)
(5)
P D 4:667 lb:
If slip occurs at A, then

F2 D N2 D .0:25/.8 lb/ D 2 lb:
Spool B:
MC D 0 W
P .3 in:/
F2 .12 in:/ D 0;
P D 8:000 lb:
(6)
(7)
(8)
Slip will be impending when P reaches the smaller of the above two values. Therefore,
motion is impending when P D 4:67 lb and slip will occur at C:
May 11, 2012
1380
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.38
Bars AB and CD are uniform and each weighs 7 lb. The coefficient of static
friction at surfaces A and B is the same.
If P D Q D 0, determine the minimum coefficient of static friction so that the
system has no motion.
Solution
The FBDs are shown at the right where the direction of F1 opposes sliding of point
A to the right, and the direction of F2 opposes sliding of point B to the left. In
the solution that follows, we assume that bar CD is thin so that F2 has negligible
moment about point C . Using these FBDs, we write the following equations.
X
Bar CD:
MC D 0 W N2 .2 in:/ 7 lb.4 in:/ D 0 ) N2 D 14 lb; (1)
X
Bar AB:
Fy D 0 W N1 N2 7 lb D 0 ) N1 D 21 lb:
(2)
Slip at A:
If slip is impending at A, then

F1 D s N1 ;
Bar AB:
MB D 0 W N1 .2 in:/
.21 lb/.2 in:/
.7 lb/.1 in:/ D 0;
F1 .6 in:/
.7 lb/.1 in:/ D 0;
s .21 lb/.6 in:/
)
Slip at B:
(3)
s D 0:278:
(4)
(5)
(6)
If slip is impending at B, then

F2 D s N2 ;
Bar AB:
MA D 0 W
N2 .2 in:/
F2 .6 in:/ C .7 lb/.1 in:/ D 0;
.14 lb/.2 in:/

)
(7)
(8)
s .14 lb/.6 in:/ C .7 lb/.1 in:/ D 0;
s D 0:417:
(9)
(10)
Since the coefficient of friction for both surfaces must be the same, the minimum coefficient of friction to
prevent slip on both surfaces is the larger of the two values, hence
s D 0:417:
(11)
May 11, 2012
1381
Statics 2e
Problem 9.39
If Q D 0 and the coefficient of static friction for all surfaces is 0.6, determine
the value of P that causes impending motion of bar AB to the right.
Solution
A to the right, and the direction of F2 opposes sliding of point B to the right. In
the solution that follows, we assume that bar CD is thin so that F2 has negligible
moment about point C . Using these FBDs, we write the following equations.
X
Bar CD:
X
Bar AB:
Fy D 0 W N1 N2 7 lb D 0 ) N1 D 21 lb:
(2)
Slip at A:

F1 D s N1 D .0:6/N1 ;
(3)
Bar AB:
X
MB D 0 W
N1 .2 in:/
.21 lb/.2 in:/

)
Slip at B:
.7 lb/.1 in:/ C P .2 in:/ D 0;
F1 .6 in:/
.0:6/.21 lb/.6 in:/
(4)
.7 lb/.1 in:/ C P .2 in:/ D 0; (5)
P D 20:3 lb:
(6)

F2 D s N2 D .0:6/N2 ;
Bar AB:
MA D 0 W N2 .2 in:/ C F2 .6 in:/ C .7 lb/.1 in:/
(7)
P .4 in:/ D 0;
.14 lb/.2 in:/ C .0:6/.14 lb/.6 in:/ C .7 lb/.1 in:/

)
P D 21:4 lb:
(8)
P .4 in:/ D 0;
(9)
(10)
Slip will be impending when P reaches the smaller of the above two values, hence
P D 20:3 lb:
(11)
May 11, 2012
1382
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.40
If P D 0 and the coefficient of static friction for all surfaces is 0.6, determine
the value of Q that causes impending motion of bar AB to the left.
Solution
A to the left, and the direction of F2 opposes sliding of point B to the left. In the
solution that follows, we assume that bar CD is thin so that F2 has negligible moment
about point C . Using these FBDs, we write the following equations.
X
Bar CD:
X
Bar AB:
Fy D 0 W N1 N2 7 lb D 0 ) N1 D 21 lb:
(2)
Slip at A:

F1 D s N1 D .0:6/N1 ;
(3)
Bar AB:
X
MB D 0 W
N1 .2 in:/ C F1 .6 in:/
.7 lb/.1 in:/
.21 lb/.2 in:/ C .0:6/.21 lb/.6 in:/

)
Slip at B:
Q.4 in:/ D 0;
.7 lb/.1 in:/
P D 27:7 lb:
(4)
Q.4 in:/ D 0; (5)

(6)

F2 D s N2 D .0:6/N2 ;
Bar AB:
MA D 0 W N2 .2 in:/
F2 .6 in:/ C .7 lb/.1 in:/ C Q.2 in:/ D 0;
.14 lb/.2 in:/

)
(7)
(8)
.0:6/.14 lb/.6 in:/ C .7 lb/.1 in:/ C Q.2 in:/ D 0;
P D 7:70 lb:
(9)
(10)
Slip will be impending when P reaches the smaller of the above two values, hence
P D 7:70 lb:
(11)
May 11, 2012
1383
Statics 2e
Problem 9.41
the right if the coefficient of static friction is 0.4.
Solution
Block B will slide to the right. Block A will do one of the following: it will either
stick to block B, or it will slide on Block B while it maintains contact with the wall
to the left of it. The FBD shown at the right assumes that block A sticks to block
B, in which case there are no contact forces between block A and the wall to the
left of it. Using these FBDs, with m D 2 kg and g D 9:81 m=s2 ,
X
Block A:
Fy D 0 W F2 sin 20 C N2 cos 20 mg D 0;
(1)
X
Fx D 0 W F2 cos 20 N2 sin 20 D 0;
(2)
)
N2 D 18:44 N F2 D 6:710 N:
(3)
If slip is impending between blocks A and B, then F2 D s2 N2 , and we solve for
the coefficient of friction s2 needed at this surface for slip to be impending,
.s2 / D
F2
6:710 N
D
D 0:364:
N2
18:44 N
(4)
Since the coefficient of static friction given in the problem statement (0.4) exceeds the above value, we
conclude that Block A sticks to block B as the two slide together to the right.
The FBD for blocks A and B together is shown at the right.
X
Blocks A & B:
Fy D 0 W N1 2mg D 0; ) N1 D 39:24 N
X
Fx D 0 W P F1 D 0; ) F1 D P:
(5)
(6)
If slip is impending between block B and the surface below it, then
F1 D s N1
(7)
P D .0:4/.39:24 N/
(8)
P D 15:7 N:
(9)
May 11, 2012
1384
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.42
the right if the coefficient of static friction is 0.3.
Solution
Block B will slide to the right. Block A will do one of the following: it will either
stick to block B, or it will slide on Block B while it maintains contact with the wall
to the left of it. The FBD shown at the right assumes that block A sticks to block
B, in which case there are no contact forces between block A and the wall to the
left of it. Using these FBDs, with m D 2 kg and g D 9:81 m=s2 ,
X
Block A:
Fy D 0 W F2 sin 20 C N2 cos 20 mg D 0;
(1)
X
Fx D 0 W F2 cos 20 N2 sin 20 D 0;
(2)
)
N2 D 18:44 N F2 D 6:710 N:
(3)
If slip is impending between blocks A and B, then F2 D s2 N2 , and we solve for
the coefficient of friction s2 needed at this surface for slip to be impending,
.s2 / D
F2
6:710 N
D
D 0:364:
N2
18:44 N
(4)
Since the coefficient of static friction given in the problem statement (0.3) is less than the above value, we
conclude that Block A will slide on Block B while it maintains contact with the wall to the left of it.
The FBDs for blocks A and B are shown at the right where the contact forces
between block A and the wall to the left of it are included.
X
Block A:
Fy D 0 W F3 C N2 cos 20 C F2 sin 20 mg D 0; (5)
X
Fx D 0 W N3 C F2 cos 20 N2 sin 20 D 0;
(6)
X
Block B:
Fy D 0 W N1 N2 cos 20 F2 sin 20 mg D 0; (7)
X
Fx D 0 W P F1 F2 cos 20 C N2 sin 20 D 0: (8)
If motion is impending, then slip occurs on all three contact surfaces and
F1 D s N1 D .0:3/N1 ;
F2 D s N2 D .0:3/N2 ;
F3 D s N3 D .0:3/N3 :
(9)
May 11, 2012
1385
Statics 2e
While there are seven equations with seven unknowns, they are easily solved as follows. Substitute Eq. (9)
into Eqs. (5) and (6), multiply Eq. (6) by 0:3 and add to Eq. (5) to obtain a single equation where N2 is the
only unknown. Once N2 is determined, the remaining unknowns are easily found using the reaming equation.
Thus, the solutions are
N1 D 38:91 N;
F1 D 11:67 N;
(10)
N2 D 18:50 N;
F2 D 5:551 N;
(11)
N3 D 1:112 N;
F3 D 0:3337 N;
(12)
P D 10:6 N:
(13)
May 11, 2012
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Solutions Manual
Problem 9.43
A truck with 1500 kg mass and center of gravity at point C is used to
pull a dumpster with 1700 kg mass and center of gravity at point G. The
coefficient of static friction between the tires and pavement is 1.1, and
between the dumpster and pavement is 0.5. Assume the trucks engine
has sufficient power and the dumpster does not tip. Hint: The use of
mathematical software is helpful, but not required. Determine if the truck
can pull the dumpster if:
The truck has rear-wheel drive.
Solution
The weights of the truck and dumpster are
m
/ D 14;720 N D 14:72 kN; (1)
s2
m
D .1700 kg/.9:81 2 / D 16;680 N D 16:68 kN: (2)
s
Wtruck D .1500 kg/.9:81

Wdumpster
The FBDs for the truck and dumpster are shown at the right. Our
strategy will be to determine T assuming the trucks wheels slip,
and determine T assuming the dumpster slips. The lower value of T corresponds to when slip will occur.
X
Truck:
MA D 0 W N2 .2:8 m/ .14:72 kN/.1:3 m/ T .0:5 m/ D 0;
(3)
X
Fx D 0 W T F2 D 0;
(4)
X
Dumpster:
Fx D 0 W F3 T D 0;
(5)
X
Fy D 0 W N3 16:68 kN D 0:
(6)
If the trucks wheels slip, then F2 D 2 N2 D .1:1/N2 . Using this, we solve Eqs. (3)(6) to obtain T with
the result
T D 9:352 kN:
(7)
If the dumpster slips, then F3 D 3 N3 D .0:5/N3 . Using this, we solve Eqs. (5) and (6) to obtain T with
the result
T D 8:338 kN:
(8)
Because the value of T needed to cause the tires to slip is larger than the value of T needed to cause the
dumpster to slip, we conclude that
the truck is capable of pulling the dumpster.
May 11, 2012
1387
Statics 2e
Problem 9.44
A truck with 1500 kg mass and center of gravity at point C is used to
pull a dumpster with 1700 kg mass and center of gravity at point G. The
coefficient of static friction between the tires and pavement is 1.1, and
between the dumpster and pavement is 0.5. Assume the trucks engine
has sufficient power and the dumpster does not tip. Hint: The use of
mathematical software is helpful, but not required. Determine if the truck
can pull the dumpster if:
The truck has four-wheel drive and end E of the cable is moved to
point H .
Solution
The weights of the truck and dumpster are
m
/ D 14;720 N D 14:72 kN;
s2
(1)
m
D .1700 kg/.9:81 2 / D 16;680 N D 16:68 kN:
s
(2)
Wtruck D .1500 kg/.9:81
Wdumpster
The FBDs for the truck and dumpster are shown at the right. Our
strategy will be to determine T assuming the trucks wheels slip,
and determine T assuming the dumpster slips. The lower value of T corresponds to when slip will occur.
Truck:
Dumpster:
MA D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
N2 .2:8 m/
.14:72 kN/.1:3 m/
1:5
0:8
.0:5 m/ C T
.4 m/ D 0;
1:7
1:7
0:8
14:72 kN D 0;
1:7
1:5
F1 F2 C T
D 0;
1:7
1:5
F3 T
D 0;
1:7
0:8
D 0:
N3 16:68 kN T
1:7
N1 C N2 C T
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
If the trucks wheels slip, then F1 D 1 N1 D .1:1/N1 and F2 D 2 N2 D .1:1/N2 . Using these, we solve
Eqs. (3)(7) to obtain T with the result
T D 11:56 kN:
(8)
If the dumpster slips, then F3 D 3 N3 D .0:5/N3 . Using this, we solve Eqs. (6) and (7) to obtain T with
the result
T D 12:89 kN:
(9)
Because the value of T needed to cause the tires to slip is smaller than the value of T needed to cause the
dumpster to slip, we conclude that
the truck is not capable of pulling the dumpster.
May 11, 2012
1388
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.45
Blocks A and B weigh 10 and 15 N, respectively. Point C is at the midpoint
of member BD, and both members AC and BD have negligible weight. The
coefficient of static friction for all contact surfaces is 0.3. Determine the positive
value of P that causes impending motion, and determine which of blocks A or
B slides and the direction of motion.
Solution
In the FBDs shown at the right, the direction of F1 opposes slip of block A
to the left, and the direction of F2 opposes slip of block B to the right. For
convenience, we let bar BCD have length 10`.
Bar BCD:
X
MB D 0 W
X
Fx D 0 W
X
Fy D 0 W
)
P .8`/
FAC D
5
13 FAC .4`/
5
13 FAC
Bx
12
13 FAC
By D 0;
13
P;
7
12
13 FAC .3`/
D 0;
(1)
P D 0;
(3)
2
P;
7
Bx D
(2)
By D
12
P:
7
(4)
The negative result for Bx is unexpected. The consequence of this is that if

block B were to slide, it would slide to the left. Thus, the direction of F2 in
the above FBDs is incorrect, and must be changed, which gives the revised
FBDs shown at the right, where forces FAC , Bx , and By are shown in their
actual directions. Using the revised FBDs, we write the following equilibrium
equations.
X
5 13
Block A:
Fx D 0 W F1 13
. 7 P / D 0;
(5)
X
12 13
Fy D 0 W N1 13
. 7 P / 10 N D 0;
(6)
)
N1 D 10 N C
12
7 P;
F1 D 57 P:
(7)
If block A slips, then

F1 D N1
5
7P
(8)
D .0:3/ 10 N C
Block B:
12
7 P
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
2
7P
N2 C
N2 D 15 N
P D 15 N:
(9)
C F2 D 0;
(10)
12
7 P
12
7 P;
(11)
15 N D 0;
F2 D 72 P:
(12)
May 11, 2012
1389
Statics 2e
If block B slips, then
F2
2
7P
D N2
D .0:3/ 15 N
(13)
12
7 P
P D 5:625 N:
(14)
Slip will be impending when P reaches the smaller of Eqs. (9) and (14). Thus
block B will have impending motion to the left when P D 5:63 N:
May 11, 2012
1390
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.46
The structure consists of two uniform members AB and BC, each weighing 2 kN.
The members are pinned to one another at B, and the structure is supported
by surfaces at A and C having coefficients of static friction of 1.2 and 0.5,
respectively. Determine the largest positive value P the structure can support.
Solution
The FBDs shown at the right assume that point A tends to
slide to the left and point C tends to slide downward.
Member AB:
Member BC:
MB D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
F1 C Bx D 0;
Fy D 0 W
N1 C By
MB D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
N1 .4 m/ C F1 .3 m/ C .2 kN/.2 m/ D 0;
(2)
2 kN
P D 0;
.2 kN/.2:5 m/ C F2 .5 m/ D 0;
Bx D 0;
N2
F2
2 kN
(1)
(3)
(4)
(5)
By D 0:
(6)
Solving the above equations provides

Bx D
Slip at A:
.8 kN C 4P /=3;
By D
1 kN;
(7)
N1 D 3 kN C P;
F1 D .8 kN C 4P /=3;
(8)
N2 D .8 kN C 4P /=3;
F2 D 1 kN:
(9)
If slip is impending at A then

F1 D A N1
8 kN C 4P
D .1:2/.3 kN C P /
3
Slip at C:
(10)
)
P D 7:000 kN:
(11)
If slip is impending at C then

F2 D C N2
8 kN C 4P
1 kN D .0:5/
3
(12)
)
P D
0:5000 kN:
(13)
Since we are only considering positive values of P only,

P D 7:00 kN will cause impending motion at A:
(14)
May 11, 2012
1391
Statics 2e
Problem 9.47
The structure consists of two uniform members AB and BC, each weighing
2 kN and P 0. Determine the minimum coefficient of static friction needed
at surface A and the minimum coefficient of static friction needed at surface C
so that neither surface slips for any value of P (this is called self-locking).
Solution
The FBDs shown at the right assume that point A tends to
slide to the left and point C tends to slide downward.
Member AB:
Member BC:
MB D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
F1 C Bx D 0;
Fy D 0 W
N1 C By
MB D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
N1 .4 m/ C F1 .3 m/ C .2 kN/.2 m/ D 0;
(2)
2 kN
P D 0;
.2 kN/.2:5 m/ C F2 .5 m/ D 0;
N2
F2
Bx D 0;
2 kN
(1)
(3)
(4)
(5)
By D 0:
(6)
Solving the above equations provides

Bx D
Slip at A:
.8 kN C 4P /=3;
1 kN;
(7)
N1 D 3 kN C P;
F1 D .8 kN C 4P /=3;
(8)
N2 D .8 kN C 4P /=3;
F2 D 1 kN:
(9)
If slip is impending at A then F1 D A N1 , which we rearrange for

A D
Slip at C:
By D
F1
.8 kN C 4P /=3
D
:
N1
3 kN C P
(10)
If slip is impending at C then F2 D C N2 , which we rearrange for

C D
F2
1 kN
D
:
N2
.8 kN C 4P /=3
(11)
May 11, 2012
1392
Solutions Manual
Plots of Eqs. (10) and (11) are shown at the right where the largest value of A
needed to prevent slip for any positive value of P is seen to occur for P ! 1
and the largest value of C needed to prevent slip for any positive value of
P is seen to occur for P D 0. Thus, we take the limit of Eq. (10) as P ! 1
to obtain
4
A D D 1:33;
(12)
3
and we evaluate Eq. (11) with P D 0 to obtain
C D
3
D 0:375:
8
(13)
Note that if A and C have the above values, or are larger, then slip will not occur for any positive value of
P , thus the structure is self-locking.
May 11, 2012
1393
Statics 2e
Problem 9.48
A wrench is used to twist a pipe C . The wrench consists of jaw BD and handlejaw ADE, with a pin at D. The coefficient of static friction s for all contact
surfaces is the same. Determine the minimum value of s so that there is no
slip at A or B regardless of the value of force P (this is called self-locking).
Solution
The FBDs shown at the right have the directions of friction forces F1 and
F2 such that if slip occurs at point A, then point A will move downward
relative to the fixed pipe, and if slip occurs at point B, then point B will
move upward relative to the fixed pipe.
X
Jaw BD:
MD D 0 W N2 .5 cm/ F2 .4 cm/ D 0;
(1)
X
Fx D 0 W Dx C N2 D 0;
(2)
X
Fy D 0 W
Dy F2 D 0;
(3)
)
F2 D 45 N2 ;
Dx D
N2 ;
Dy D
F2 :
(4)
If slip is impending at B, then F2 D s N2 , which we rearrange for s D F2 =N2 . Using Eq. (4), we
conclude that slip will not occur at B if
s
Handle ADE:
F2
5
D D 1:25:
N2
4
ME D 0 W
Dy .20 cm/ C F1 .18 cm/
Fx D 0 W
Dx
Fy D 0 W
(5)
N1 .5 cm/ D 0;
N1 D 0;
Dy C F1
(6)
(7)
P D 0:
(8)
We wish to solve the above equilibrium equations to obtain an expression where N1 and F1 are the only
unknowns. From Eq. (7), N1 DP Dx , and from Eq. (4), Dx D N2 , hence N1 D N2 (we could have
also determined this by writing
Fx D 0 for the FBD of the pipe). From Eq. (4) and Dy D F2 , and
5
F2 D 4 N2 , and N1 D N2 , hence Dy D 45 N1 . Thus, Eq. (6) becomes
5
4 N1 .20 cm/
C F1 .18 cm/
5
F1 D N1 4
N1 .5 cm/ D 0
(9)
.20/ C 5
:
18
(10)
If slip is impending at A, then F1 D s N1 , which we rearrange for s D F1 =N1 . Using Eq. (10), we
conclude that slip will not occur at A if
s
F1
D
N1
5
4 .20/
C5
18
D 1:67:
(11)
To satisfy both of Eqs. (5) and (11), and hence to prevent slip at both surfaces A and B, we must have
s 1:67:
(12)
May 11, 2012
1394
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.49
A small lamp is clamped on a fixed circular bar C . The lamp assembly weighs
4 lb with center of gravity at point G, and the weights of all other members are
negligible. Determine the minimum moment the torsional spring at D must
produce so the lamp does not slip on the bar. The contact surfaces at A and B
have coefficients of static friction of A D 0:25 and B D 0:35.
Solution
The FBDs shown at the right have the direction of friction
forces FA and FB such that if slip occurs at point A, then
point A will move to the right, and if slip occurs at point
B, then point B will move to the left. We begin by putting
the FBDs of members AD and BDG together, as shown
below.
Members AD and BDG:
X
Fx D 0 W
FA C FB D 0;
X
Fy D 0 W
NA C NB 4 lb D 0;
X
Mk D 0 W .4 lb/ .3:5 in./ FB .1:6 in./ D 0:
(1)
(2)
(3)
Equation (3) yields FB and then Eq. (1) yields FA , so that

FA D FB D 8:75 lb.
(4)
Slip at A will be impending if

NA D
Member AD:
X
MD D 0 W
)
8:75 lb
FA
D
D 35 lb.
A
0.25
MD
NA .1:5 in./
FA .0:8 in./ D 0;
MD D 35 lb (1.5 in.) C 8:75 lb .0.8 in.) D 59:5 in.lb.
(5)
(6)
(7)
Slip at B will be impending if

NB D
FB
8:75 lb
D 25 lb.
D
B
0.35
(8)
May 11, 2012
1395
Statics 2e
Member BDG:
X
)
MD D 0 W
MD C .4 lb/ .2 in./ C NB .1:5 in./ C FB .0:8 in./ D 0;
MD D .4 lb/ .2 in./ C .25 lb/ .1:5 in./ C .8:75 lb/ .0:8 in./ D 52:5 in.lb.
(9)
(10)
To prevent slip at both A and B requires the torsional spring to have a moment of at least the larger of Eqs.
(7) and (10). Hence,
the minimum moment the torsional spring must produce is 59:5 in.lb.
May 11, 2012
1396
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.50
A bracket ABCDEF is clamped to a fixed circular bar. The bracket consists
of a horizontal member ABC that is pinned at C to member CDEF , and a
vertical bolt BD. The force P at point F is vertical, and the bracket makes
contact with the fixed bar at points A, G, and E. If all contact surfaces have the
same coefficient of static friction of 0.4, and if P D 50 lb, determine the force
that bolt BD must support to prevent slip.
Solution
Two slipping scenarios must be considered. In the first, slip occurs simultaneously at points A, G, and E. In
the second, there is no slip at E, point A on member ABC moves to the left, and contact is broken at G.
All contact surfaces slide: The FBD for all members taken together
is shown at the right, where point H is the center of the shaft. If slip
occurs simultaneously at all three contact surfaces, then
FA D .0:4/ NA ;
X
MH D 0 W
and
FE D .0:4/ NE ;
FA .1:2 in./ C FG .1:2 in./ C FE .1:2 in./

)
FG D .0:4/ NG ;
NA C NG C NE D
Fx D 0 W
50 lb (7 in.) D 0;
50 lb .7 in./
;
.0:4/ .1:2 in./
FA
(1)
(2)
(3)
FE D 0;
(4)
.0:4/NE D 0;
(5)
NG
.0:4/NA
NG
NA
FG C N E
50 lb D 0;
(6)
.0:4/NG C NE
50 lb D 0:
(7)
Fy D 0 W
NA
Solving Eqs. (3), (5), and (7) provides

NA D 351:7 lb, NG D
17:24 lb,
and NE D 394:8 lb.
(8)
Note that NG is negative, which is physically impossible. Thus, we conclude that slipping by the first scenario
does not occur.
Surface A slides: If sliding occurs at surface A, then
FA D .0:4/ NA :
(9)
Using the FBD drawn earlier, with FG D 0 and NG D 0 since contact does not occur at that location for this
sliding scenario, we write
X
ME D 0 W FA .2:4 in./ 50 lb .7 in./ D 0;
(10)
)
FA D 145:8 lb.
(11)
May 11, 2012
1397
Statics 2e
Using Eq. (9), we obtain
NA D 364:6 lb.
(12)
The FBDs for members ABC, CDEF, BD, and the shaft are shown below, although the FBD for only member
ABC is needed to complete our solution.
Member ABC:
X
MC D 0 W
)
TBD .1:2 in./
NA .2:6 in./ D 0;
TBD D 789:9 lb.
(13)
(14)
May 11, 2012
1398
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.51
Two objects are connected by a weightless cord that is wrapped around a fixed cylindrical
surface. The coefficient of static friction between the cord and surface is 0.3. One of the
objects weighs 100 lb, and the other has weight W . If the system is initially at rest, determine
the range of values for W for which there is no motion.
Solution
If downward motion of W is impending, then T1 D 100 lb and T2 D W , and
T2 D T1 e
(1)
W D .100 lb/ e 0:3
W D 257 lb:
(2)
If upward motion of W is impending, then T2 D 100 lb and T1 D W , and

T2 D T1 e
100 lb D W e
0:3
(3)
)
W D 39:0 lb:
Slip will not occur if 39:0 lb W 257 lb:
(4)
(5)
May 11, 2012
1399
Statics 2e
Problem 9.52
A 10 N weight is supported by a weightless cable where portion AB of the cable is
horizontal. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction are 0.5.
(a) Determine the value of P so that downward motion of the 10 N weight is impending.
(b) If P D 3 N, determine the force in portion CD of the cable. Is the system in
equilibrium or is there motion? Explain.
Solution
Part (a) For impending downward motion of D, T1 D P and T2 D 10 N. Hence,
T2 D T1 e
10 N D P e .0:5/=2
(1)
)
P D 4:56 N.
(2)
Part (b) If P D 3 N, in view of the results of Part (a), the weight at D will move down. Thus, T1 D 3 N
and T2 D TCD .
T2 D T1 e
TCD D .3 N/e .0:5/=2
(3)
)
TCD D 6:58 N.
(4)
The FBD for block D, with TCD D 6:58 N, is shown at the right. Newtons law for
forces and motion in the y direction is
X
Fy D may W 6:58 N 10 N D may ) ay 0:
(5)
Thus,
the weight at D will not be in static equilibrium and it will accelerate in the downward direction.
May 11, 2012
1400
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.53
A 10 N weight is supported by a weightless cable where portion AB of the cable is
horizontal. A test is conducted where it is found that P D 4 N will cause impending
motion of the 10 N weight at D.
(a) Determine the coefficient of static friction between the cable and cylindrical
surface.
(b) Determine the tension in portion BC of the cable as a function of angular position
. Plot this function.
Solution
Part (a) If motion of D is impending, its motion will be downward, T1 D 4 N and T2 D 10 N.
T2 D T1 e
(1)
10 N D .4 N/e =2
D
ln .10 N=4 N/
D 0:583.
=2
(2)
Part (b) Equation (9.8) from the text is

dT
D T;
d
(3)
1
d T D d:
T
(4)
which we rearrange to obtain
Integrating both sides of Eq. (4) provides

Z
T1
1
dT D
T
d:
(5)
Assuming is uniform over the contact surface, we carry out the integrations and evaluations of limits in
Eq. (5) to obtain
ln
)
T
D
T1
T D T1 e :
(6)
(7)
Equation (7) provides the cable tension T for any value of where 0 .
If D , then T D T2 , and our familiar expression T2 D T1 e is obtained. For
application to this problem, T1 D 4 N and D 0:583, hence Eq. (7) becomes
T D .4 N/e .0:583/ :
(8)
Equation (8) is plotted at the right. Observe that this plot povides the expected
results at points B and C , namely T D 4 N at D 0 (point B), and T D 10 N
at D =2 rad D 90 (point C ).
May 11, 2012
1401
Statics 2e
Problem 9.54
A hoist for lifting lightweight building materials is shown. The pulley at B
is frictionless, and the pulley at C is driven by an electric motor rotating
counterclockwise at a speed high enough to always cause slip between the
cable and pulley C . The cable makes contact with one-fourth of the surface
of pulley C , and the coefficients of static and kinetic friction are 0.25 and 0.2,
respectively. If the cable has negligible weight and the building materials and
platform at D have a combined weight of 100 lb, determine the force the worker
must apply to the cable to
(a) Raise the building materials at a uniform speed.
(b) Lower the building materials at a uniform speed.
(c) Hold the building materials in a fixed, suspended position.
Solution
Parts (a), (b), and (c) If the weight at D is raised at uniform speed, lowered at uniform speed, or held in a
fixed position, its acceleration is zero and hence it is in static equilibrium. Thus, provided the pulley at C
slips against the cable for all three of these cases, the solution for Parts (a), (b), and (c) is the same. Let T1 be
the force applied by the worker, T2 D 100 lb, k D 0:2, and D =2. Hence,
T 2 D T 1 e k
100 lb D T1 e
.0:2/.=2/
) T1 D 73:0 lb:
(1)
(2)
(3)
Hence,
the worker must apply 73:0 lb to the cable.
May 11, 2012
1402
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.55
In Prob. 9.54, if the cable were given an additional full wrap around the pulley
at C and if the worker can apply a force of 50 lb to the cable, determine the
largest weight that may be lifted at D.
Solution
The force applied by the worker is T1 D 50 lb, T2 is equal to the weight of the platform and materials at D,
k D 0:2, and D 2 C =2 D 5=2.
T 2 D T 1 e k
D .50 lb/e
)
(1)
.0:2/5=2
T2 D 241 lb:
(2)
(3)
Hence,
the largest weight that may be lifted is 241 lb.
May 11, 2012
1403
Statics 2e
Problem 9.56
The machine shown is used to slowly lower and raise the object at point D.
Cable BCD is wrapped around the drum at B a large number of turns, and
cable segment BC is horizontal. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction
are 0.22 and 0.18, respectively. Let P be the force the operator applies to
point A of the machine, where this force is perpendicular to the crank AB. If
W D 20 lb, determine the range of values for P so that there is no motion of
the object at D.
Solution
Shown at the right is a FBD of pulley B, and a sketch of the cable forces at
C . The force applied by the operator at point A is designated by P , where
this force is perpendicular to the crank AB.
To lower the object at D: For this case, TBC < W (i.e., W D 20 lb is
the high-tension force and TBC is the low-tension force for surface C ),
and
20 lb D TBC e :
(1)
To initiate the lowering motion of D from at-rest (i.e., impending motion), the coefficient of static friction is
used in Eq. (1) and we obtain
20 lb
(2)
TBC D .0:22/.=2/ D 14:16 lb:
e
Using the FBD for pulley B,
X
MB D 0 W P .15 in./ TBC .9 in./ D 0:
(3)
Using Eq. (2), we solve Eq. (3) to obtain
P D 14:16 lb
9 in.
D 8:494 lb:
15 in.
(4)
To raise the object at D: For this case, TBC > W (i.e., TBC is the high-tension force and W D 20 lb is
the low-tension force for surface C ), and
TBC D 20 lb e :
(5)
To initiate upward motion from rest, the coefficient of static friction is used and we obtain
TBC D 20 lb e .0:22/.=2/ D 28:26 lb:
(6)
Equation (3) is still valid (in fact, it is always valid if there is static equilibrium), and we obtain
P D 28:26 lb
9 in.
D 16:95 lb:
15 in.
(7)
Conclusion: Using the results in Eqs. (4) and (7), there will be no motion if
8:494 lb P 16:95 lb:
(8)
May 11, 2012
1404
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.57
In Prob. 9.56, if the person operating the machine can apply a maximum force
of 25 lb to the handle A of the machine, where this force is perpendicular to the
crank AB, and if the cable has 50 lb strength, determine the largest value of
W that may be lowered, and the largest value of W that may be raised. Hint:
Lowering and raising motions will be initiated from at-rest conditions.
Solution
Shown at the right is a FBD of pulley B, and a sketch of the cable forces at
C . The force applied by the operator at point A is designated by P , where
this force is perpendicular to the crank AB. Obviously, W may not exceed
the strength of the cable, or portion CD of the cable will break. Thus,
W < 50 lb:
(1)
To lower the object at D: For this case, TBC < W (i.e., W is the high-tension force and TBC is the
low-tension force for surface C ), and
W D TBC e :
(2)
In Eq. (2), TBC will be the lower of the cable strength, which is 50 lb, or the largest force the operator may
produce. Using the FBD of drum B,
X
MB D 0 W P .15 in./ TBC .9 in./ D 0:
(3)
With P D 25 lb, Eq. (3) provides TBC D 41:67 lb. Hence, we conclude that
TBC D 41:67 lb
(4)
is the largest value that portion BC of the cable may experience, and from Eq. (2), we obtain
W D 41:67 lb e :
(5)
To initiate the lowering motion from rest (i.e., impending motion), the coefficient of static friction is used in
Eq. (5) and we obtain
W D 41:67 lb e .0:22/.=2/ D 58:87 lb:
(6)
Equation (6) exceeds Eq. (1), so we conclude that Eq. (1) still governs, and
the largest value of W that may be lowered is W D 50 lb:
To raise the object at D: For this case, TBC > W (i.e., TBC is the high-tension force and W is the
low-tension force for surface C ), and
TBC D W e :
(7)
Equations (3) and (4) still apply and we obtain
W D
41:67 lb
:
e
(8)
May 11, 2012
1405
Statics 2e
To initiate upward motion from rest, the coefficient of static friction is used, and we obtain
W D
41:67 lb
e .0:22/.=2/
D 29:49 lb:
(9)
Comparing Eqs. (1) and (9), we conclude that

the largest value of W that may be lifted is W D 29:49 lb:
May 11, 2012
1406
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.58
A brake for reducing the speed of a rotating drum is shown. The braking
moment is defined as the resultant moment the belt produces about the drums
bearing, point A. Determine the braking moment if the coefficient of kinetic
friction is 0.35 and: The drum rotates clockwise and P D 90 N.
Solution
The FBDs for drum A and lever ABC are shown at the right. If the drum
rotates clockwise then the high tension (T2 ) and low tension (T1 ) sides of
the belt are as shown. Ex and Ey are the reactions the drum applies to the
bearing at A, and Ax and Ay are the reactions the lever ABC applies to
the bearing at A.
X
Lever ABC:
MA D 0 W T1 .20 cm/ .90 N/.35 cm/ D 0; (1)
)
T1 D 157:5 N:
(2)
Assuming the belt slips on the drum,

T2 D T1 e
(3)
D .157:5 N/e .0:35/=2
(4)
D 272:9 N:
(5)
Let MA be the braking moment produced by the belt forces T1 and T2 , with positive being in the direction
opposite the rotation.
MA D T2 .20 cm/
T1 .20 cm/
D .272:9 N/.20 cm/
.157:5 N/.20 cm/
D 2310 Ncm D 23:1 Nm.
(6)
(7)
(8)
May 11, 2012
1407
Statics 2e
Problem 9.59
A brake for reducing the speed of a rotating drum is shown. The braking
moment is defined as the resultant moment the belt produces about the drums
bearing, point A. Determine the braking moment if the coefficient of kinetic
friction is 0.35 and: The drum rotates counterclockwise and P D 90 N.
Solution
The FBDs for drum A and lever ABC are shown at the right. If the drum
rotates counterclockwise then the high tension (T2 ) and low tension (T1 )
sides of the belt are as shown. Ex and Ey are the reactions the drum
applies to the bearing at A, and Ax and Ay are the reactions the lever
ABC applies to the bearing at A.
X
Lever ABC:
MA D 0 W T2 .20 cm/ .90 N/.35 cm/ D 0; (1)
)
T2 D 157:5 N:
(2)

T2 D T1 e
(3)
157:5 N D T1 e .0:35/=2
(4)
) T1 D 90:89 N:
(5)
MA D T2 .20 cm/
T1 .20 cm/
D .157:5 N/.20 cm/
.90:89 N/.20 cm/
D 1330 Ncm D 13:3 Nm.
(6)
(7)
(8)
May 11, 2012
1408
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.60
A brake for reducing the speed of a rotating drum is shown. The braking moment
is defined as the resultant moment the belt produces about the drums bearing,
point A. Determine the braking moment if the coefficient of kinetic friction is
0.35 and: The drum rotates clockwise and P D 20 lb.
Solution
The FBDs for drum A and lever DBC are shown at the right. If the drum
rotates clockwise then the high tension (T2 ) and low tension (T1 ) sides
of the belt are as shown.
Lever DBC:
X
MD D 0 W
.20 lb/.30 in:/

)
T2 D
.T1 C T2 / cos 45 .10 in:/ D 0; (1)

.20 lb/.30 in:/
.cos 45 /.10 in:/
T1 :
(2)
.20 lb/.30 in:/

.cos 45 /.10 in:/
T2 D T1 e
(3)
T1 D T1 e .0:35/3=2 :
(4)
We solve Eq. (4) to obtain T1 and then evaluate Eq. (3) to obtain T2 with the results
T1 D 13:68 lb;
T2 D T1 e
.0:35/3=2
(5)
D 71:17 lb:
(6)
MA D T2 .10 in:/
T1 .10 in:/
D .71:17 lb/.10 in:/
.13:68 lb/.10 in:/
D 575 inlb.
(7)
(8)
(9)
May 11, 2012
1409
Statics 2e
Problem 9.61
A brake for reducing the speed of a rotating drum is shown. The braking moment
is defined as the resultant moment the belt produces about the drums bearing,
point A. Determine the braking moment if the coefficient of kinetic friction is
0.35 and: The drum rotates counterclockwise and P D 20 lb.
Solution
The FBDs for drum A and lever DBC are shown at the right. If the drum
rotates counterclockwise then the high tension (T2 ) and low tension (T1 )
sides of the belt are as shown.
Lever DBC:
X
MD D 0 W
.20 lb/.30 in:/

)
T2 D
.T1 C T2 / cos 45 .10 in:/ D 0; (1)

.20 lb/.30 in:/
.cos 45 /.10 in:/
T1 :
(2)
.20 lb/.30 in:/

.cos 45 /.10 in:/
T2 D T1 e
(3)
T1 D T1 e .0:35/3=2 :
(4)
We solve Eq. (4) to obtain T1 and then evaluate Eq. (3) to obtain T2 with the results
T1 D 13:68 lb;
T2 D T1 e
.0:35/3=2
(5)
D 71:17 lb:
(6)
MA D T2 .10 in:/
T1 .10 in:/
D .71:17 lb/.10 in:/
.13:68 lb/.10 in:/
D 575 inlb.
(7)
(8)
(9)
May 11, 2012
1410
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.62
A spring AB with 2 N=mm stiffness is attached to a cable at B. The cable
wraps around two cylindrical surfaces, and cable segments BC, DE, and GH are
horizontal. All contact surfaces have coefficients of static and kinetic friction of
0.1 and 0.09, respectively. The spring is initially unstretched.
(a) Determine the value of P needed to stretch the spring by 4 mm.
(b) Once the spring is stretched by 4 mm, determine the value to which P
must be reduced so that the spring begins to contract.
Solution
Part (a) Sketches of the two cylinders and spring showing the forces in
portions of the cable are shown at the right. Note that these sketches are
not FBDs because the support reactions for the cylinders and spring are not
shown. The force FBC needed to cause point B to begin moving to the right,
and hence for motion of the cable to be impending, is zero. Thus, using
T2 D T1 e s , FDE D 0 and P D 0 for impending motion. Thus, for the solution to Part (a), the cable slides
against the cylinders and the coefficient of kinetic friction is used.
The force needed to stretch the spring by 4 mm is
FBC D k D .2 N=mm/.4 mm/ D 8 N:
(1)
For cylinder CD, side D is the high tension side. Using T2 D T1 e k , we write
FDE D FBC e .0:09/
D .8 N/ e
.0:09/
(2)
D 10:61 N:
(3)
For cylinder EG, side G is the high tension side. Using T2 D T1 e k , we write
P D FDE e .0:09/
D .10:61 N/ e
(4)
.0:09/
D 14:1 N.
(5)
(6)
Part (b) The spring force remains the same, hence FBC D 8 N. For the solution to Part (b), the force P is
reduced from the value found in Part (a) until motion of point B to the left is impending. Thus, the coefficient
of static friction is used. For cylinder CD, side C is the high tension side. Using T2 D T1 e s , we write
FBC D FDE e .0:1/
8 N D FDE e .0:1/
(7)
)
FDE D 5:843 N:
(8)
For cylinder EG, side E is the high tension side. Using T2 D T1 e s , we write
FDE D P e .0:1/
5:843 N D P e .0:1/
(9)
)
P D 4:27 N.
(10)
May 11, 2012
1411
Statics 2e
Problem 9.63
Pulley A of the treadmill is driven by a motor that can supply a moment MA D
200 in:lb. Pulley B is frictionless, and its bearing slides in a frictionless slot
where force P tensions the belt. Both pulleys A and B have 1:5 in: radius, and
the coefficient of static friction between pulley A and the belt is 0.3. Determine
the smallest value of P needed to prevent slip between pulley A and the belt.
Solution
The FBDs for the pulleys and a segment of the belt are shown below where the high tension (T2 ) and low
tension (T1 ) portions of the belt are identified.
Noting that the pulleys have 1:5 in: radius and MA D 200 in:lb,
X
Pulley A:
MA D 0 W T1 .1:5 in:/ C 200 in:lb
)
T2 D T1 C
T2 .1:5 in:/ D 0;
200 in:lb
:
1:5 in:
(1)
(2)

T2 D T1 e
200 in:lb
T1 C
D T1 e .0:3/
1:5 in:
(3)
(4)
Solving Eq. (4) for T1 , and then evaluating Eq. (3) for T2 results in
T1 D 85:12 lb
Pulley B:
and T2 D 218:5 lb:
Fx D 0 W
P C 2T2 D 0;
(5)
(6)
hence,
P D 437 lb:
(7)
May 11, 2012
1412
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.64
The winch is driven by an electric motor at A. The motor weighs 50 lb with
center of gravity at the center of pulley A. The platform supporting the motor
has negligible weight and is hinged at D. The motor turns the pulley at B via
a belt between A and B. Pulley B has a spool upon which the rope BCG is
wrapped. The coefficient of static friction at A is 0.3 and at B is 0.2. Assuming
the motor has sufficient power, determine the largest weight W that may be
lifted if there is no slip between the belt and pulleys A and B. Hint: The use of
mathematical software is helpful, but not required.
Solution
Shown at the right are FBDs for pulley B, pulley A (removed from the motor), and the
motor/platform assembly (member AED). Using these FBDs, we write the following
equilibrium equations.
X
Pulley B:
MB D 0 W T2 .8 in:/ T1 .8 in:/ W .4 in:/ D 0;
(1)
X
Pulley A:
MA D 0 W MA C T1 .3 in:/ T2 .3 in:/ D 0;
(2)
X
Fx D 0 W T1 sin 15 T2 sin 15 C Ax D 0;
(3)
X
Fy D 0 W
Ay C T1 cos 15 C T2 cos 15 D 0;
(4)
X
Member AED:
MD D 0 W .50 lb/.12 in:/ C Ax .8 in:/
Ay .12 in:/
Slip at pulley A:
MA D 0:
(5)
If the belt slips on pulley A, then we use T2 D T1 e A A to write

/.=180 /
T2 D T1 e .0:3/.150
(6)
Solving Eqs. (1)(6) for W provides

W D 37:6 lb:
Slip at pulley B:
(7)
If the belt slips on pulley B, then we use T2 D T1 e B B to write

/.=180 /
T2 D T1 e .0:2/.210
(8)
Solving Eqs. (1)(5) and Eq. (8) for W provides

W D 35:3 lb:
(9)
The largest weight W that may be lifted without slip is the smaller of the above two values. Thus,
W D 35:3 lb:
(10)
May 11, 2012
1413
Statics 2e
Alternate solution In the FBDs shown at the right, pulley A is left on the motor.
The merit of this approach is that the forces and moment between pulley A and the
motor (i.e., Ax , Ay , and MA ) do not enter the solution. Using these FBDs, we write
the following equilibrium equations.
X
Pulley B:
MB D 0 W T2 .8 in:/ T1 .8 in:/ W .4 in:/ D 0;
(11)
X
Member AED:
MA D 0 W T1 .3 in:/ T2 .3 in:/
C Dx .8 in:/ C Dy .12 in:/ D 0;
X
Fx D 0 W
T1 sin 15
Fy D 0 W
T1 cos 15 C T2 cos 15
T2 sin 15 C Dx D 0;
(12)
(13)
50 lb C Dy D 0
(14)
P
Note: A common error with this approach is to write the equation MD D 0 where the moment arms for
T1 and T2 are incorrect. Note that to write this equilibrium equation, it is necessary to determine the location
of a point on the line of action of T1 , and the same for T2 , and this is tedious.
Considering slip at pulley A gives Eq. (6), and aolving this with Eqs. (11)(14) gives the same answer as
obtained in the earlier solution, namely W D 37:6 lb. Considering slip at pulley B gives Eq. (8), and aolving
this with Eqs. (11)(14) gives the same answer as obtained in the earlier solution, namely W D 35:3 lb.
May 11, 2012
1414
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.65
Surfaces A, B, and C are cylindrical with the coefficients of static friction
shown. Object B can undergo vertical motion only. Determine the weight
of object B that causes it to have impending downward motion, and describe
which of surfaces A, B, and/or C will have impending slip.
Solution
Shown at the right is the FBD for object B, and sketches of the cable forces
for objects A and C . The sketches of A and C are not FBDs because the
support reactions for these are not shown. Using the FBD for object B, we
write the following equilibrium equation
X
Fy D 0 W TAB C TBC WB D 0:
(1)
There are three slipping scenarios to be considered:
For this case, TAB > TBC > 60 N. We have
Stick at A, slip at B and C:

Surface B:
Surface C:
TAB D TBC e .0:1/ ;

TBC D .60 N/ e
.0:12/
(2)
:
(3)
Solving Eqs. (1)(3) for WB provides

WB D e .0:12/ 1 C e .0:1/ .60 N/ D 207:2 lb:
Stick at B, slip at A and C:
(4)
For this case, TAB > 40 N and TBC > 60 N. We have

Surface A:
Surface C:
TAB D .40 N/ e .0:08/ ;

TBC D .60 N/ e
.0:12/
(5)
(6)
Solving Eqs. (1), (5), and (6) for WB provides

WB D .40 N/ e .0:08/ C .60 N/ e .0:12/ D 138:9 lb:
Stick at C, slip at A and B:
(7)
For this case, TBC > TAB > 40 N. We have

Surface B:
TBC D TAB e .0:1/ ;
(8)
Surface A:
TAB D .40 N/ e .0:08/ :
(9)

WB D e .0:08/ 1 C e .0:1/ .40 N/ D 121:8 lb:
(10)
Downward motion of object B is impending when WB is the smallest of the above results. Thus,
downward motion of object B is impending when WB D 122 lb; and
impending slip occurs at surfaces A and B while stick occurs at surface C .
May 11, 2012
1415
Statics 2e
Problem 9.66
In Prob. 9.65, determine the weight of object B that causes it to have impending
upward motion, and describe which of surfaces A, B, and/or C will have
impending slip.
Solution
Shown at the right is the FBD for object B, and sketches of the cable forces
for objects A and C . The sketches of A and C are not FBDs because the
support reactions for these are not shown. Using the FBD for object B, we
write the following equilibrium equation
X
Fy D 0 W TAB C TBC WB D 0:
(1)
There are three slipping scenarios to be considered:
Stick at A, slip at B and C:
For this case, 60 N > TBC > TAB . We have
Surface B:
TBC D TAB e .0:1/ ;
Surface C:
.0:12/
60 N D TBC e
(2)
:
(3)
Solving Eqs. (1)(3) for WB provides

WB D e
Stick at B, slip at A and C:
.0:1C0:12/

1 C e .0:1/ .60 N/ D 71:22 lb:
(4)
For this case, 40 N > TAB and 60 N > TBC . We have

40 N D TAB e .0:08/ ;
Surface A:
60 N D TBC e
Surface C:
.0:12/
(5)
(6)

WB D .40 N/e
Stick at C, slip at A and B:
.0:08/
C .60 N/e
.0:12/
D 72:27 lb:
(7)
For this case, 40 N > TAB > TBC . We have

Surface B:
TAB D TBC e .0:1/ ;
(8)
Surface A:
40 N D TAB e .0:08/ :
(9)

WB D e
.0:08C0:1/

1 C e .0:1/ .40 N/ D 53:83 lb:
(10)
Upward motion of object B is impending when WB is the smallest of the above results. Thus,
upward motion of object B is impending when WB D 53:8 lb; and
impending slip occurs at surfaces A and B while stick occurs at surface C .
May 11, 2012
1416
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.67
An accessory belt for an engine is shown. Pulley A is attached to the engines
crankshaft and rotates clockwise. The belt tensioner consists of a frictionless
pulley at B that is mounted to a horizontal bar G that slides in a frictionless track
with a horizontal force P . Pulley C operates an alternator that requires 100 Nm,
and pulley D operates a hydraulic pump that requires 300 Nm. Pulley E is
frictionless. The coefficients of static friction for pulleys A, C , and D are 0.5,
and the radii of the pulleys are shown. Determine the minimum value of P
that prevents the belt from slipping. Hint: The use of mathematical software is
helpful, but not required.
Solution
In the first sketch below, regions of the belt having uniform values of belt tension TABC , TCD , and TAED are
identified. The second set of sketches show FBDs for the pulleys in the system.
Pulley B:
Fx D 0 W
P C TABC cos 60 C TABC cos 45 D 0;
(1)
Pulley A:
MA D 0 W
TAED .100 mm/
Pulley C:
MC D 0 W
TABC .40 mm/
TCD .40 mm/ C 100 Nm D 0;
(3)
Pulley D:
MD D 0 W
TCD .60 mm/
TAED .60 mm/ C 300 Nm D 0:
(4)
TABC .100 mm/
MA D 0;
(2)
The above system of four equations contains five unknowns (TABC , TCD , TAED , P , and MA ). An additional
equation is obtained by considering belt slip, where impending slip may occur at pulley A, C , or D, and we
consider each of these possibilities below.
Slip at pulley A: The angle of wrap for pulley A is A D 180 D rad. If slip occurs at pulley A, then
we use T2 D T1 e A to write
TAED D TABC e .0:5/ :
(5)
Solving Eqs. (1)(5) for P provides
P D 2376 N:
(6)
May 11, 2012
1417
Statics 2e
Slip at pulley C: The angle of wrap for pulley C is C D 80 D 4=9 rad. If slip occurs at pulley C , then
we use T2 D T1 e C to write
TCD D TABC e .0:5/.4=9/ :
(7)
Solving Eqs. (1)(4) and (7) for P provides
P D 2988 N:
(8)
Slip at pulley D: The angle of wrap for pulley D is D D 205 D 41=36 rad. If slip occurs at pulley D,
then we use T2 D T1 e D to write
TAED D TCD e .0:5/.41=36/ :
(9)
Solving Eqs. (1)(4) and (9) for P provides

P D
1807 N:
(10)
The negative result for P is perhaps unexpected. Since P < 0 is physically unrealistic (it implies from Eq. (1)
that the belt force TABC is compressive, which is not possible), we conclude that slip at pulley D does not
occur.
To prevent impending slip at all pulleys, the force P must be equal to or greater than all of the results
obtained above. Thus, the minimum value of P to prevent slip is
P D 2990 N:
(11)
May 11, 2012
1418
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.68
The portable winch shown consists of a rotating motor-powered drum that is
attached to a skid. Winches such as this were once used in logging operations
to move logs and to lift them onto trucks and railcars. To move the winch to a
new location, a worker stands on the skid and wraps a rope ABCD around the
drum. End A of the rope is attached to a fixed object, portion AB of the rope
is horizontal, and the rope makes less than one full turn around the drum. The
skid, drum, and worker weigh 800 lb with center of gravity at point G, and the
drum has 10 in: radius.
(a) Assuming the skid does not tip, determine the smallest force the worker
must apply to portion CD of the rope so that the skid will slide.
(b) Determine if the assumption in Part (a) that the skid does not tip is correct.
Solution
Part (a) The FBD is shown at the right.
X
Fy D 0 W
N
)
800 lb D 0;
N D 800 lb;
Fx D 0 W
)
(1)
(2)
TAB C F D 0;
(3)
TAB D F:
(4)
Assuming the skid slips on the ground,

F D N D .0:6/.800 lb/ D 480 lb:
(5)
TAB D 480 lb:
(6)
Therefore, from Eq. (4),

The sketch at the right shows the rope forces; TAB is the high-tension force and
TCD is the low-tension force. Noting that the angle of wrap is 360 40 D
320 , if slip is impending between the cable and drum, then
TAB D TCD e ;
TCD D
(7)
480 lb
e .0:3/.320 /rad=180
D 89:86 lb:
(8)
Part (b) We use the FBD from part (a) with the contact forces F and N repositioned to point E. We sum
moments about point E to determine the value of TAB that will cause tipping, to obtain
X
ME D 0 W TAB .3 ft/ .800 lb/.2:5 ft/ D 0;
(9)
)
TAB D 666:7 lb:
(10)
May 11, 2012
Statics 2e
1419
Since the value of TAB needed to cause slip (i.e., TAB D 480 lb, as given by Eq. (6)) is lower than Eq. (10),
we conclude that
the assumption of no tipping is correct.
May 11, 2012
1420
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.69
The schematic for a precision diamond wire saw that is used in a laboratory for
cutting very hard, brittle materials is shown. It consists of a wire with diamond
particles bonded to its entire surface. The wire wraps around a motor-driven
pulley at A that rotates counterclockwise, and frictionless pulleys at B and D.
At C is a fixed table where a workpiece is cut. Due to cutting, the workpiece
applies a 2 N vertical force to the wire in the direction shown. The wire is
tensioned by weight W . Portions AB and BCD of the wire are horizontal
and vertical, respectively. The angle of wrap at the motor is 150 , and the
coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the motor pulley and the wire
are both 0.7. Neglecting all weight except W , determine the value of W so that
the wire does not slip on the pulley at A.
Solution
The FBD of the wire at point C (where cutting is performed) is shown at the
right, and a sketch of the wire forces at motor A is also shown. Using the
FBD,
X
Fy D 0 W TABC C 2 N TCDA D 0 ) TCDA D TABC C 2 N: (1)
From the sketch of the motor at A, or from the results in Eq. (1), TCDA is
the high-tension force and TCDA is the low-tension force. Thus, if slip is
impending at the motor pulley, then
TCDA D TABC e .0:7/.150
/.
rad=180 /
(2)
D TABC .6:250/:
(3)
Combining Eqs. (1) and (3) provides

TABC .6:250/ D TABC C 2N;
)
TABC D 0:3809 N:
(4)
(5)
With this result, Eq. (1) or Eq. (3) provides

TCDA D 2:381 N:
(6)
The FBD for member DEF is shown at the right, where the wire
forces at pulley D are shifted to the bearing of that pulley. Using
this FBD,
X
MF D 0 W
.2:381 N/.48 cm/ .2:381 N/ sin 30 .48 cm/
C W .24 cm/ D 0;
(7)
(8)
W D 7:143 N.
May 11, 2012
1421
Statics 2e
Problem 9.70
A simple bracket for supporting a can of paint or other items used during
construction consists of a member ABC and two short bars that are rigidly
connected to it. The bracket is slipped onto a wooden post and is held in place
by friction. Determine the minimum coefficient of static friction that prevents
the bracket from slipping regardless of the weight supported (this is called
self-locking).
Solution
In the FBD shown at the right, the directions of F1 and F2 oppose downward motion of
points A and B. The weight of the item being held at C (e.g., can of paint) is P and the
weight of member ABC is assumed to be negligible.
X
Fx D 0 W
N1 C N2 D 0;
(1)
X
Fy D 0 W F1 C F2 P D 0;
(2)
X
MA D 0 W N2 .1 in:/ C F2 .3:5 in:/ P .8:5 in:/ D 0:
(3)
If slip occurs at points A and B, then
F1 D N1
and
Combining Eqs. (1)(4) and solving for P provides

1
3:5
P
C
2
2
h
1
This equation has two solutions: P D 0 and 2
C 3:5
2
to obtain
F2 D N2 :
(4)

8:5 D 0:
(5)
i
8:5 D 0. Using the second of these, we solve for
D 0:0741:
(6)
If is equal to or larger than this value, then sliding does not occur for any value of P .
May 11, 2012
1422
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.71
Member CD is used to apply a horizontal force P to a uniform cylinder having
radius r and weight W . The contact surfaces at A and B have the same coefficient
of static friction s . Neglecting the weight of member CD, determine the force P
necessary to cause impending motion of the cylinder. Express your answer in terms
of parameters such as W , r, s .
Solution
The equilibrium equations are:
X
Fx D 0 W P C F1 N2 D 0;
X
Fy D 0 W N1 C F2 W D 0;
X
MA D 0 W F2 r C N2 r P . 32 r/ D 0:
(1)
(2)
(3)

F1 D s N1
and
F2 D s N2 :
(4)
The remainder of this solution is algebra to determine P . Using Eq. (4), Eqs. (1)(3) become
P C s N1
N1 C s N2
s N2 C N2
N2 D 0;
(5)
W D 0;
(6)
3
2
D 0:
(7)
Multiply Eq. (5) by s and add to Eq. (6) to obtain

W s P
:
1 C 2s
N1 D
(8)
Combine Eqs. (6) and (8) and solve for N2 to obtain

N2 D
s W C P
:
1 C 2s
(9)
Combine Eqs. (7) and (9) and solve for P to obtain

P D
2s W .1 C s /
1 2s C 32s
(10)
May 11, 2012
1423
Statics 2e
Problem 9.72
For a 3 m thick section of dam and water, determine the normal force and friction force
between the dam and foundation, specify the distance from point A to the location of
this force system, and determine the minimum value of the coefficient of friction so the
dam does not slide. The density of the dam is 2400 kg=m3 , and the density of water is
1000 kg=m3 .
Solution
The water pressure at the base of the dam is
p D w gd D .1000 kg=m3 /.9:81 m=s2 /.1 m/ D 9810 N=m2 D 9:810 kN=m2 :
(1)
Noting that the dam is 3 m thick (into the plane of the figure), the resultant force due to
the water pressure loading is
P D 12 p.1 m/.3 m/ D 14:72 kN:
(2)
W1 D c gVc D .2400 kg=m3 /.9:81 m=s2 / 21 .2 m/.2 m/.3 m/ D 141:3 kN:
(3)
The weight of the concrete dam is
The weight of the water in the FBD is

W2 D w gVw D .1000 kg=m3 /.9:81 m=s2 / 12 .1 m/.1 m/.3 m/ D 14:72 kN:
(4)

X
Fy D 0 W
Fx D 0 W
W2 C N D 0;
W1
P
F D 0;
N D 156:0 kN,
(5)
F D 14:72 kN.
(6)
To prevent slip, the minimum coefficient of friction is

D
F
14:72 kN
D
D 0:0943:
N
156:0 kN
(7)
Summing moments about point A provides

X
MA D 0 W
P . 31 m/ C W2 .2 m
1
3 m/
C W1 . 32 m/
N h D 0;
h D 0:730 m.
(8)
May 11, 2012
1424
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.73
A tool chest has 1000 N weight that acts through the midpoint of the chest. The
chest is supported by wheels at A and B that may be locked to prevent rotation.
The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the wheels and floor are 0.28
and 0.26, respectively. Determine the value of the horizontal force P necessary to
cause motion of the chest, and determine if the motion is sliding or tipping, if:
(a) All wheels are locked.
(b) The wheels at A are locked and the wheels at B can rotate.
(c) The wheels at A can rotate and the wheels at B are locked.
Solution
Part (a) The FBD for the chest is shown at the right, where all wheels are
locked to prevent their rotation.
Tipping analysis: When tipping occurs, By D Bx D 0, and
X
MA D 0 W P .140 cm/ .1000 N/.35 cm/ D 0 ) P D 250 N: (1)
Sliding analysis: When sliding occurs, Coulombs law F D N , where the
coefficient of static friction is used, provides
Ax D .0:28/Ay
and
Bx D .0:28/By :
(2)
Using Eq. (2), the equilibrium equations are:

X
MA D 0 W P .140 cm/ .1000 N/.35 cm/ C By .70 cm/ D 0;
X
Fx D 0 W
P C .0:28/Ay C .0:28/By D 0;
X
Fy D 0 W Ay C By 1000 N D 0:
(3)
(4)
(5)
Solving Eqs. (3)(5) provides

P D 280 N;
Ay D 1060 N;
and
By D
60 N:
(6)
The negative result for By indicates that the reaction between the wheels at B and the floor is tensile. Since
this is physically impossible, we conclude that the tool chest does not slide, and therefore the results in Eq. (1)
apply, and
P D 250 N and the motion is tipping.
(7)
May 11, 2012
1425
Statics 2e
Part (b) The FBD is shown at the right, where the wheels at A are locked
and the wheels at B can rotate.
Tipping analysis: When tipping occurs, By D 0 and
X
MA D 0 W P .140 cm/ .1000 N/.35 cm/ D 0 ) P D 250 N: (8)
Sliding analysis: When sliding occurs, Coulombs law F D N , where the
coefficient of static friction is used, provides
Ax D .0:28/Ay :
(9)
Using Eq. (9), the equilibrium equations are

X
X
Fx D 0 W
P C .0:28/Ay D 0;
X
Fy D 0 W Ay C By 1000 N D 0:
(10)
(11)
(12)

P D 318:2 N,
Ay D 1136 N;
and
By D
136:4 N.
(13)
The negative result for By indicates that the reaction between the wheels at B and the floor is tensile. Since
this is physically impossible, we conclude that the tool chest does not slide, and therefore the results in Eq. (8)
apply, and
P D 250 N and the motion is tipping.
(14)
Part (c) The FBD is shown at the right, where the wheels at A can rotate and
the wheels at B are locked.
Tipping analysis: When tipping occurs, By D Bx D 0, and
X
MA D 0 W P .140 cm/ .1000 N/.35 cm/ D 0 ) P D 250 N: (15)
Summing forces in the x direction (with Bx D 0) provides
X
Fx D 0 W
P D 0 ) P D 0:
(16)
The result in Eq. (16) indicates that static equilibrium requires P D 0. We

conclude that it is impossible for tipping to occur, and that By and Bx are not
zero, and that Eq. (15) is not valid because it is based on the incorrect assumption that the chest will tip.
May 11, 2012
1426
Sliding analysis:
used, provides
Solutions Manual
When sliding occurs, Coulombs law F D N , where the coefficient of static friction is
Bx D .0:28/By :
(17)
Using Eq. (17), the equilibrium equations are

X
X
Fx D 0 W
P C .0:28/By D 0;
X
Fy D 0 W Ay C By 1000 N D 0:
(18)
(19)
(20)

P D 89:74 N;
Ay D 679:4 N;
and
By D 320:5 N:
(21)
Thus, motion is impending when

P D 89:74 N and the motion is sliding.
(22)
May 11, 2012
1427
Statics 2e
Problem 9.74
The cross section through a unidirectional clutch is shown. Member ABC is
attached to the input shaft, and when this shaft applies power to the output shaft,
the two shafts are locked together by members AD and CE. Both the input
and output shafts rotate clockwise. When the input shaft does not apply power
to the output shaft, members AD and CE disengage, allowing the output shaft
to rotate faster than the input shaft. If the coefficient of friction at D and E is
0.3, determine the largest value of h that prevents slip between the shafts when
power is transmitted. Assume the masses of members are small so that static
equilibrium may be assumed.
Solution
The FBD for member AD is shown at the right, where member AD is a two-force
member (although it is not important that this be recognized). Note that the FBD
for member CE could be used instead. Using the FBD shown,
X
MA D 0 W
Dx h C Dy .30 mm/ D 0:
(1)
Dx
h
D
Dy
x
A
FAD
30 mm
If slip is impending at D, then

Dy D Dx D .0:3/Dx :
(2)
Combining Eqs. (1) and (2) provides

Dx h C .0:3/Dx .30 mm/ D 0:
(3)
Canceling Dx and solving for h provides the largest value h may have as
h D .0:3/.30 mm/ D 9 mm:
(4)
May 11, 2012
1428
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.75
A roll of paper C with 8 N weight is supported by edges A and B. A horizontal force
P is applied to pull a sheet of paper from the roll. Determine the value of P that
causes motion, and determine if the motion is rolling or tipping. The coefficient of
static friction between the roll of paper and edges A and B is: 0.1.
Solution
Tipping analysis: When tipping begins, contact at point A is broken and
NA D FA D 0.
X
MB D 0 W .8 N/.50 mm/ P .130 mm C 120 mm/ D 0;
(1)
)
P D 1:600 N:
(2)
Sliding analysis: If slip is impending, then

FA D s NA D .0:1/NA ;
FB D s NB D .0:1/NB :
(3)

X
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
MD D 0 W
50
120
50
120
C FA
NB
C FB
C P D 0;
130
130
130
130
120
50
120
50
NA
FA
C NB
C FB
8 N D 0;
130
130
130
130
NA
P .130 mm/ C FA .130 mm/ C FB .130 mm/ D 0:
(4)
(5)
(6)
Using Eq. (3), Eqs. (4)(6) become

62
38
NB
C P D 0;
130
130
115
125
NA
C NB
8 N D 0;
130
130
P C .0:1/NA C .0:1/NB D 0:
NA
(7)
(8)
(9)
Equations (7)(9) contain three unknowns which are easily found to be

NA D 2:122 N;
(10)
NB D 6:367 N;
(11)
P D 0:8490 N:
(12)
Impending motion occurs when P is the smaller of the above two results. Thus,
motion is impending when P D 0:849 N and the paper will roll:
(13)
May 11, 2012
1429
Statics 2e
Problem 9.76
A roll of paper C with 8 N weight is supported by edges A and B. A horizontal force
P is applied to pull a sheet of paper from the roll. Determine the value of P that
causes motion, and determine if the motion is rolling or tipping. The coefficient of
static friction between the roll of paper and edges A and B is: 0.3.
Solution
Tipping analysis: When tipping begins, contact at point A is broken and
NA D FA D 0.
X
MB D 0 W .8 N/.50 mm/ P .130 mm C 120 mm/ D 0;
(1)
)
P D 1:600 N:
(2)
Sliding analysis: If slip is impending, then

FA D s NA D .0:3/NA ;
FB D s NB D .0:3/NB :
(3)

X
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
MD D 0 W
50
120
50
120
C FA
NB
C FB
C P D 0;
130
130
130
130
50
120
50
120
FA
C NB
C FB
8 N D 0;
NA
130
130
130
130
NA
P .130 mm/ C FA .130 mm/ C FB .130 mm/ D 0:
(4)
(5)
(6)
Using Eq. (3), Eqs. (4)(6) become

14
86
NB
C P D 0;
130
130
105
135
NA
C NB
8 N D 0;
130
130
P C .0:3/NA C .0:3/NB D 0:
NA
(7)
(8)
(9)
Equations (7)(9) contain three unknowns which are easily found to be

NA D
1:825 N;
(10)
NB D 9:123 N;
(11)
P D 2:189 N:
(12)
The negative result for NA is physically impossible, thus we conclude that motion due to sliding (i.e., rolling)
is not possible. Thus,
motion is impending when P D 1:60 N and the paper will tip:
(13)
May 11, 2012
1430
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.77
A car weighing 4000 lb rests on a slope with coefficient of static friction of 0.4.
The car is disabled with its parking brake applied so that none of its wheels will
turn or roll. A tow truck applies a y direction force P to the car. Determine
the value of P that causes impending motion of the car, and determine the unit
vector that describes the direction in which the car will begin to slide.
Solution
We model the car as a particle with the FBD shown at the right. represents a
vector out of the plane of the figure and represents a vector into the plane of
the figure. The equilibrium equations are
X
Fn D 0 W
.4000 lb/ cos 20 C N D 0; ) N D 3759 lb;
(1)
X
Ft D 0 W
.4000 lb/ sin 20 C F1 D 0; ) F1 D 1368 lb; (2)
X
Fy D 0 W P F2 D 0
) F2 D P:
(3)
If motion is impending then
q
F12 C F22 D N:
(4)
With D 0:4 and using Eqs. (1)Eqs. (3), we square both side of Eq. (4) to obtain
.1368 lb/2 C P 2 D .0:4/2 .3759 lb/2 ;
(5)
P D 623:6 lb:
(6)
which provides
The direction of slip uO is opposite the direction of the resultant friction force. Hence,
uO D
FE1 C FE2
:
FE1 C FE2
(7)
Using the xy coordinate system given in the problem description and noting that F2 D P D 623:6 lb, we
have

FE1 D .1368 lb/
cos 20 {O C sin 20 kO
and FE2 D .623:6 lb/. |O/:
(8)
Combining Eqs. (7) and (8) provides the direction of slip as
uO D 0:855 {O C 0:415 |O
O
0:311 k:
(9)
May 11, 2012
1431
Statics 2e
Problem 9.78
A bicyclist descends a steep hill having uniform slope.
She does not pedal and she applies only the rear brake.
The rider and bicycle weigh 120 lb with center of gravity
at point C . Is it possible to descend the hill with uniform
speed, and if so, what brake force Q is needed? The
coefficient of friction between the tire and pavement is
1.1, and between the brake pad and wheel rim is 0.7.
(a) D 20 .
(b) D 10 .
Solution
Part (a) The FBD for the bicycle and rider is shown at the right. If
the bicycle is in static equilibrium (i.e., it descends a uniform slope at
a uniform speed), then
X
Fx D 0 W
FA C .120 lb/ sin 20 D 0 ) FA D 41:04 lb; (1)
X
MB D0 W
NA .36 in./ C .120 lb/ cos 20 .20 in./

.120 lb/ sin 20 .42 in./ D 0 ) NA D 14:76 lb: (2)
Now we check if the results for FA and NA obtained in Eqs. (1) and (2)
satisfy Coulombs law. Coulombs law requires
FA NA :
(3)
With D 1:1 and NA given by Eq. (2), Eq. (3) becomes

FA .1:1/.14:76 lb/ D 16:24 lb.
(4)
The value of FA obtained in Eq. (1) does not satisfy Eq. (4). Therefore, we conclude
it is not possible for the bicycle to descend the hill with uniform speed.
Part (b) The FBD from part (a) and the equilibrium equations in Eqs. (1) and (2) are valid with the 20
angles replaced by 10 . Resolving these equations provides
FA D 20:84 lb
and NA D 41:34 lb.
(5)
Coulombs law, Eq. (3), becomes

FA .1:1/.41:34 lb/ D 45:48 lb.
(6)
The value of FA given in Eq. (5) satisfies Eq. (6). Therefore,

it is possible for the bicycle to descend the hill with uniform speed.
May 11, 2012
1432
Solutions Manual
To determine the brake force Q the rider must apply, we draw the FBD of the
rear wheel, as shown at the right, where we assume the brake pad slips on the
wheel rim. Note from the figure provided in the problem statement that Q is
the normal force between a brake pad and the wheel rim. Thus, (0.7) Q is the
friction force if the brake pad and wheel slip, and the factor of 2 shown in the
FBD is because the brake has two pads.
X
MD D 0 W
.20:84 lb/.14 in./ C 2.0:7/Q.13 in./ D 0;
(7)
)
Q D 16:03 lb:
(8)
May 11, 2012
1433
Statics 2e
Problem 9.79
A model is shown for the nanotractor microelectromechanical machine produced at Sandia National Laboratory. This machine is very small (note that the
diameter of a human hair is about 100 m). The forces PA , PC , and PE are
produced electronically, and the machine creeps (or inches) to the right along a
surface by alternately increasing and decreasing these forces in a synchronized
pattern, thus producing a force Q that can pull something. The weights of
all members are negligible, the coefficient of friction between the substrate
and blocks A and E is 0.35, and you may assume the blocks do not tip. If
PA D 20 N, PE D 100 N, and Q D 25 N, determine the value of PC that
will cause slip, and determine which of the blocks will slip.
Solution
The FBDs for the two blocks and for point C are shown at
the right.
Point C:
X
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
TAC
400
400
C TCE
D 0;
410
410
) TAC D TCE ;
(1)
(2)
90
90
C TCE
PC D 0; (3)
410
410
41
TAC D TCE D PC :
(4)
18
TAC
)
Block A:
400
D 0;
410
90
TAC
D 0:
410
Fx D 0 W
FA
25 N C TAC
(5)
Fy D 0 W
NA
20 N
(6)
Using Eq. (4), Eqs. (5) and (6) provide

1
NA D 20 N C PC ;
2
and
FA D
25 N C
20
PC :
9
(7)
Block E:
X
Fx D 0 W
Fy D 0 W
400
C FE D 0;
410
(8)
100 N C NE D 0:
(9)
TCE
TCE
90
410
Using Eq. (4), Eqs. (8) and (9) provide

1
NE D 100 N C PC ;
2
and
FE D
20
PC :
9
(10)
Using the above results, we now apply Coulombs law.

May 11, 2012
1434
Solutions Manual
If block A slides
FA D NA

20
1
25 N C PC D 0:35 20 N C PC ;
9
2
)
PC D 15:63 N:
(11)
(12)
(13)
If block E slides
FE D NE

1
20
PC D 0:35 100 N C PC ;
9
2
)
PC D 17:10 N:
(14)
(15)
(16)
Sliding will occur when PC reaches the smaller of Eqs. (13) and (16). Hence,
PC D 15:63 N and sliding of block A is impending:
(17)
May 11, 2012
1435
Statics 2e
Problem 9.80
To move a lathe weighing 1200 lb with center of gravity at point D, a
machinist uses a steel pry bar as shown. The legs of the lathe are iron and
the floor is concrete. The coefficient of static friction for steel on iron is 0.3,
and for steel or iron on concrete is 0.35. If the force P applied to the pry
bar at A is vertical, determine the value of P necessary to cause impending
motion and describe the motion.
Solution
Free body diagrams of the pry bar and lathe are shown at the
right, where the pry bar is shown at a larger scale for clarity.
The coefficient of friction for steel on iron is si D 0:3, for
steel on concrete is sc D 0:35, and for iron on concrete is
i c D 0:35. There are three possible slipping scenarios, and
we consider each of these, as follows.
Slip at B, no slip at C and E:
B, then
Is slip is impending at point

F1 D sc N1 D .0:35/N1 :
X
Pry bar:
MC D 0I
P .19 in:/
Using the FBD of the pry bar and lathe together we have
X
Pry bar & lathe:
ME D 0I P .79 in:/
N1 .1 in:/
(1)
F1 .1:5 in:/ D 0:
(2)
N1 .61 in:/ C .1200 lb/.40 in:/ D 0:
(3)
Solving Eqs. (1)(3) for N1 , F1 , and P we obtain

N1 D 878:2 lb;
Slip at C, no slip at B and E:
F1 D 307:4 lb;
and P D 70:48 lb:
(4)
Is slip is impending at point C , then

F2 D si N2 D .0:3/N2 :
Lathe:
ME D 0I
Pry bar:
MB D 0I
(5)
N2 .60 in:/ C F2 .1:5 in:/ C .1200 lb/.40 in:/ D 0;

P .18 in:/
N2 .1 in:/
F2 .1:5 in:/ D 0:
(6)
(7)

N2 D 806:0 lb;
Slip at E, no slip at B and C:
F2 D 241:8 lb;
and P D 64:93 lb:
(8)
Is slip is impending at point E, then

F3 D i c N3 D .0:35/N3 :
Lathe:
MC D 0I
Pry bar & lathe:
MB D 0I
(9)
.1200 lb/.20 in:/ C N3 .60 in:/ C F3 .1:5 in:/ D 0;

P .18 in:/
.1200 lb/.21 in:/ C N3 .61 in:/ D 0:
(10)
(11)
May 11, 2012
1436
Solutions Manual

N3 D 396:5 lb;
F3 D 138:8 lb;
and P D 56:20 lb:
(12)
Slip will be impending when P reaches the smallest of the above three results. Thus,
impending motion occurs when P D 56:2 lb, slip is impending at E and there is no slip at B or C:
May 11, 2012
1437
Statics 2e
Problem 9.81
The wrench shown is used to twist a brass pipe. The wrench consists of a steel
handle ABC with a reinforced rubber belt that is pinned to the handle at points
A and B. The steel handle makes contact with the brass pipe at point A, and
the coefficient of friction between steel and brass is 0.3. If a vertical force
P D 50 lb is applied at point C , determine the minimum coefficient of friction
needed between the rubber belt and brass pipe if the wrench is not to slip.
Solution
The FBD for the steel handle ABC is shown at the right. In this FBD,
NA and FA are the normal and friction forces due to contact between the
steel handle and brass pipe, and TA and TB are the forces in the rubber
belt.
MA D 0 W
X
Fy D 0 W
X
Fx D 0 W
TB cos 55 .2 in./
.50 lb/.12 in./ D 0
TB sin 55 C NA
.50 lb/ D 0
TB D 523:0 lb;
(1)
NA D 478:4 lb;
(2)
TB cos 55 C FA C TA D 0:
(3)
If the wrench slips on the pipe, then there is slip at both the steel-brass contact at point A, and between the
rubber belt and the brass pipe. Thus,
FA D A NA D .0:3/.478:4 lb/ D 143:5 lb.
(4)
With this value of FA , Eq. (3) provides

TA D TB cos 55
FA D 156:5 lb:
(5)
Noting that TB and TA are the high-tension and low-tension forces in the belt, respectively,
TB D TA e ;
TB
e D
:
TA
(6)
(7)
Taking the natural logarithm of both sides and solving for the coefficient of friction that will give impending
slip provides, with D 360 55 D 305 ,
D
1 TB
1
523:0 lb
ln
D
D 0:2267 .
ln

rad
TA
156:5 lb
305 180
(8)
May 11, 2012
1438
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.82
A conveyor belt for moving crushed rock is shown. The belt slides on a
straight roller bed with a coefficient of friction of 0.09. The belt is wrapped
around five pulleys where the pulley at A is powered by a motor that applies
a counterclockwise moment MA , and the other pulleys are frictionless. The
coefficient of friction between the belt and pulleys is 0.4. The belt is tensioned
by the weight W at point G, where cable segments CD and DE are vertical. If
the crushed stone weighs 4000 N=m, determine the moment MA that the motor
must produce and the value of W needed so the belt does not slip.
Solution
The FBDs for pulleys A, B, and D,
and a 4 m segment of belt on the upper portion of the machine are shown,
where T2 and T1 are the high-tension
and low-tension forces in the belt, respectively.
Pulley D:
X
Fy D 0 W
T1 C T1
W D0
T1 D
W
:
2
(1)
Belt AB:
X
Ft D 0 W
Fn D 0 W
T2 C F C T1 C .16,000 N/ sin 15 D 0;
N
.16,000 N/ cos 15 D 0
N D 15,455 N:
(2)
(3)
Since the belt slips on the roller bed between pulleys A and B,
F D AB N D .0:09/.15,455 N/ D 1391 N:
(4)
If slip between the belt and pulley A is impending, then

T2 D T1 e A
W
D e .0:4/ D 1:757 W:
2
Using Eqs. (1), (4), and (6), we use Eq. (2) to obtain
.1:757/W C 1391 N C
)
W D
W
C .16,000 N/ sin 15 D 0;
2
1391 N C .16,000 N/ sin 15

1:757
1
2
D 4402 N:
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
May 11, 2012
1439
Statics 2e
Problem 9.83
The device shown allows for easy elevation adjustments of block A on the fixed ramp
E. When the user applies a sufficient upward vertical force to the cable at C , block A
is lowered. When the user applies a sufficient downward vertical force to the cable at
C , block A is raised. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between block A
and the ramp, and between the cable and cylindrical surface at B, are 0.1. Block A has
40 N weight, the cable has negligible weight, cable segment AB is parallel to the ramp,
segment BCD is vertical, and assume block A does not tip. Determine the weight WD
of the counterweight at D so that the value of the upward force the user must apply
to cause motion is the same as the value of the downward force the user must apply
to cause motion. Also, determine the value of the force the user must apply to cause
motion.
Solution
We consider two slipping scenarios.
Lowering of block A: In the FBDs shown at the right, the direction of friction force
F opposes lowering of block A, and the force P applied by the user at point C is
upward.
X
Block A:
Fn D 0 W
.40 N/ cos 10 C N D 0; ) N D 39:39 N; (1)
X
F t D 0 W TAB C F .40 N/ sin 10 D 0;
(2)
X
Weight D:
Fy D 0 W TBC C P WD D 0:
(3)
If slip is impending, then F D N and T2 D T1 e are used to obtain
F D .0:1/N
and
TAB D TBC e .0:1/.100
/.=180 /
(4)
Equations (1)(4) are five equations with six unknowns. Nonetheless, in addition to the solution for N
given in Eq. (1), using Eq. (4) the result F D 3:939 N is easily determined, and using Eq. (2) the result
TAB D 3:007 N is easily determined. With these results, Eqs. (3) and (4) are combined for
3:007 N D .Wd
P / e .0:1/.100
/.=180 /
(5)
Raising of block A: In the FBDs shown at the right, the direction of friction force
F opposes raising of block A, and the force P applied by the user at point C is
downward.
X
Block A:
Fn D 0 W
.40 N/ cos 10 C N D 0; ) N D 39:39 N; (6)
X
F t D 0 W TAB F .40 N/ sin 10 D 0;
(7)
X
Weight D:
Fy D 0 W TBC P WD D 0:
(8)
If slip is impending, then F D N and T2 D T1 e are used to obtain
F D .0:1/N
and
TBC D TAB e .0:1/.100
/.=180 /
(9)
May 11, 2012
1440
Solutions Manual
With the result for N in Eq. (6), we easily obtain F D 3:939 N and TAB D 10:89 N. Equations (8) and (9)
are combined to obtain
P C WD D .10:89 N/ e .0:1/.100 /.=180 / :

(10)
Equations (5) and (10) contain the two unknowns P and WD . Solving these equations provides
P D 5:22 N
and WD D 7:74 N:
(11)
May 11, 2012
1441
Statics 2e
Problem 9.84
An electric motor at A is used to power an air compressor that requires a
200 in:lb moment at pulley B to operate. When the motor is turned off, the
entire belt is at a uniform tensile force T0 . When the motor is turned on, pulley
A rotates clockwise, and the tensile forces in the upper and lower portions of
the belt change to T0 T and T0 C T , respectively. The lower portion of
the belt is horizontal, and the pulley radii and coefficients of static friction are
shown. Determine the initial belt tension T0 so that neither pulley slips.
Solution
The FBDs for the two pulleys are shown at the right. Two slipping scenarios
are considered.
X
Pulley B:
MB D 0 W .T0 T / .3 in:/ .T0 C T / .3 in:/
C 200 in:lb D 0;
)
T D 33:33 lb:
(1)
(2)
Pulley A slips: For pulley A, the angle of wrap is A D 170 D 17=18 rad. If pulley A slips, then we use
T2 D T1 e A A to write
T0 C T D .T0 T / e .0:5/.17=18/ :
(3)
Using Eq. (2), Eq. (3) is solved for
T0 D 52:89 lb:
(4)
Pulley B slips: For pulley B, the angle of wrap is B D 190 D 19=18 rad. If pulley B slips, then we
use T2 D T1 e B B to write
T0 C T D .T0 T / e .0:4/.19=18/ :
(5)
Using Eq. (2), Eq. (5) is solved for
T0 D 57:42 lb:
(6)
To prevent slip at both pulleys, the initial belt tension must be equal to or greater than the larger of the above
two values, thus the minimum initial belt tension is
T0 D 57:4 lb:
(7)
May 11, 2012
1442
Solutions Manual
Problem 9.85
In Prob. 9.84, it was stated that when the motor is off, the tensile force in the belt is T0 , and when the
motor is on, the tensile forces in the upper and lower portions of the belt change to T0 T and T0 C T ,
respectively. Offer justification for why the increase in force in the high-tension portion of the belt is equal
to the decrease in force in the low-tension portion of the belt. Hint: Idealize the upper and lower portions
of the belt as springs, and consider the deformations they undergo when the motor is on.
Solution
Idealize the upper and lower portions of the belt as springs. Because the length
of the belt from point C to D is the same as the length from E to F , the springs
have the same stiffness k. Imagine that pulley B is fixed and pulley A rotates
clockwise a small amount. The lower spring elongates and hence the force it
supports increases. The upper spring contracts and hence the force it supports decreases. Furthermore, the
amount of elongation and contraction is the same, so the changes in force are the same.
May 11, 2012

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Solutions Manual

Engineering Mechanics: Statics

Version: May 11, 2012

The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

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May 11, 2012

Accuracy of Numbers in Calculations

May 11, 2012

and the box slides up the ramp with nonzero acceleration.

May 11, 2012

.35 lb/ cos 30

.40 lb/ sin 30

With the value of N found above, Coulombs law provides

and the box remains at rest on the ramp.

May 11, 2012

May 11, 2012

F D 8 N; N D 20 N; and the box slides, while accelerating, to the right.

Hence, the acceleration ax is nonzero. Thus,

.8 N/.8 cm/ C .20 N/ d D 0

May 11, 2012

Assuming the brake material slides on the rim of the wheel,

330 N .32 cm/

May 11, 2012

.40 lb/.cos 20 /.10 in:/

.40 lb/.sin 20 /.5 in:/ C P .10 in:/ D 0:

May 11, 2012

which is identical to Eq. (9.4).

May 11, 2012

Sliding analysis: When sliding occurs, Ax D Ay .

and the motion is sliding.

May 11, 2012

where W was determined in Example 9.2 as W D 15:55 kN.

.15:55 kN/.27 cm/

May 11, 2012

If sliding is impending, then

May 11, 2012

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) provides

Photo credit: United States Coast Guard.

May 11, 2012

N.4 m/ C F .3 m/ C .2 kN/.2 m/ D 0: (1)

If motion is impending, then F D N D .1:2/N . Solving these

May 11, 2012

The resultant force due to the fluid pressure loading is

The equilibrium equations are

If motion is impending then F D N

Bx D 27:70 lb; (4)

By D 294:9 lb: (6)

  0:0939 is needed to prevent slip at point B.

May 11, 2012

The soil pressure at point B is

The force applied by the soil to the retaining wall is

Sliding analysis: Using the FBD,

Tipping analysis: Using the FBD,

Using the values of P; h, and N obtained earlier, Eq. (12) provides

May 11, 2012

.235:4 kN/ 23 .6 m/ C .313:9 kN/ 31 .8 m/ D 0;

Since 0 < `  6 m, the dam will not tip.

May 11, 2012

The weight of the concrete in the FBD is

Since 0 < `  6 m, the dam will not tip.

May 11, 2012

The weight of the concrete dam is W1 C W2 where W1 and W2 are

Sliding analysis: When sliding occurs, Ax D Ay .

If motion is impending, then F D N D .1:2/N . Solving these

If motion is impending then F D N

0:0939 is needed to prevent slip at point B.

Since 0 < ` 6 m, the dam will not tip.

Since 0 < ` 6 m, the dam will not tip.

.80/.8 N/ C .60/.4 N/ sin C .60/.9 N/ D 0;

Noting that sin2 C cos2 D 1, Eq. (11) becomes

If motion is impending, F D s N . Therefore, the minimum coefficient of static