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CHOCOLATES
El precio estimado de venta, de acuerdo con el estudio fue de $12 la caja de 24 unidades.
El estudio tcnico determino que los costos variables por caja de 24 unidades sern los que se indi
a continuacin:
Cacao
Leche
Azcar
$ 1.20
$ 1.00
$ 0.15
Se han estimado los costos fijos por concepto de administracin por $3200,00, seguros por $2120
publicidad $1800 anuales. Para la operacin y puesta en marcha del proyecto se requerir una
inversin inicial correspondiente a un terreno por $12000, dos mquinas a $3300 cada una y una
edificacin para la planta y oficinas por $8200.
Las maquinarias se depreciaran a 10 aos y al cabo de 10 aos se podr vender cada una en $180
Se estima que el terreno tendr una plusvala del 20% al final del dcimo ao. El edificio se deprec
20 aos y no tendr posibilidad de venta. La inversin en capital de trabajo ser equivalente a tres
meses de costos variables.
Con los datos anteriores construya el flujo de caja y evalu el proyecto.
Proyectar a diez aos las ventas.
Los precios crecern en un 2% con respecto al ao anterior.
Los costos variables y fijos crecern en 1% con respecto al ao anterior.
El 19% de la inversin, es financiada a un 10.70% de inters anual.
24 unidades.
CASO 2
CHOCOLATES
PRESUPUESTO DE INGRESOS O VENTAS
Ao
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Precio
12.00
12.24
12.48
12.73
12.98
13.24
13.50
13.77
14.05
14.33
Demanda
1000
1000
1000
1800
1800
1800
1800
2160
2160
2160
Proyeccin
12000.00
12240.00
12484.80
22914.00
23364.00
23832.00
24300.00
29743.20
30348.00
30952.80
Ao
Costo Variable
Cajas
Costo Variable
Total
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2.35
2.37
2.39
2.41
2.43
2.45
2.47
2.49
1000
1000
1000
1800
1800
1800
1800
2160
2350.00
2370.00
2390.00
4338.00
4374.00
4410.00
4446.00
5378.40
9
10
2.51
2.54
2160
2160
5421.60
5486.4
Ao3
3264.32
2162.61
1836.18
660.00
410.00
8333.11
Ao4
3296.96
2184.24
1854.54
660.00
410.00
8405.74
Ao1
3200.00
2120.00
1800.00
660.00
410.00
8190.00
Ao2
3232.00
2141.20
1818.00
660.00
410.00
8261.20
Ao2
12.24
1000
2.37
12240.00
2370.00
9870.00
8261.20
3232.00
2141.20
1818.00
660.00
410.00
Ao3
12.48
1000
2.39
12480.00
2390.00
10090.00
8333.11
3264.32
2162.61
1836.18
660.00
410.00
Ao4
12.73
1800
2.41
22914.00
4338.00
18576.00
8405.74
3296.96
2184.24
1854.54
660.00
410.00
1460.00
1608.80
1756.89
10170.26
219.00
1241.00
273.02
241.32
1367.48
300.85
263.53
1493.36
328.54
1525.54
8644.72
1901.84
967.98
1066.63
1164.82
6742.88
96.80
871.18
106.66
959.97
116.48
1048.34
674.29
6068.59
Precio
Cantidad
Costo Variable Unitario
= INGRESOS
- Costo Variable Total
= Margen de Contribucin
- Costos Fijos
Administracin
Seguros
Publicidad
Depreciacin Mquinas
Depreciacin Edificio
Ao2
12.24
1000
2.37
12240.00
2370.00
9870.00
8261.20
3232.00
300.85
1818.00
660.00
410.00
1608.80
Ao3
12.48
1000
2.39
12480.00
2390.00
10090.00
8333.11
3264.32
328.54
1836.18
660.00
410.00
1756.89
Ao4
12.73
1800
2.41
22914.00
4338.00
18576.00
8405.74
8644.72
1901.84
1854.54
660.00
410.00
10170.26
1460.00
1608.80
1756.89
10170.26
219.00
1241.00
273.02
241.32
1367.48
300.85
263.53
1493.36
328.54
1525.54
8644.72
1901.84
967.98
1066.63
1164.82
6742.88
Precio
Cantidad
Costo Variable Unitario
= INGRESOS
- Costo Variable Total
= Margen de Contribucin
- Costos Fijos
Administracin
Seguros
Publicidad
Depreciacin Mquinas
Depreciacin Edificio
= UTILIDAD OPERATIVA
- Gasto Inters
96.80
871.18
106.66
959.97
116.48
1048.34
674.29
6068.59
PRESUPUESTO DE INVERSIN
MONTO DE
INVERSIN
AO 0
12000.00
6600.00
8200.00
587.50
27387.50
ACTIVO FIJO
Terreno
Maquinaria
Planta y Oficina
Capital de Trabajo
TOTAL INVERSIN
TABLA DE AMORTIZACIN
Inicial
$19,171.25
Monto
Inters
$1,917.13
Capital
$1,202.91
Cuota
$3,120.03
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
$17,968.34
$16,645.14
$15,189.63
$13,588.56
$11,827.38
$9,890.08
$7,759.06
$5,414.93
$2,836.39
$1,796.83
$1,664.51
$1,518.96
$1,358.86
$1,182.74
$989.01
$775.91
$541.49
$283.64
$1,323.20
$1,455.52
$1,601.07
$1,761.18
$1,937.29
$2,131.02
$2,344.13
$2,578.54
$2,836.39
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
FLUJO DE FONDOS
AO 0
Utilidad Neta
+ Reserva Legal
+ Depreciaciones
+ Amortizaciones
INVERSIN
+ Crdito Recibido
- Abono a Capital (Amort. Crd.)
- Activos Fijos
Terreno
Maquinaria
Equipo Planta y Oficina
- Activos Diferidos
- Capital de Trabajo
VALOR RESIDUAL
Terreno
Maquinaria
Edificio Planta y Oficina
-26800.00
-12000.00
-6600.00
-8200.00
0.00
-587.50
AO 1
871.18
96.80
1070.00
0.00
AO 2
959.97
106.66
1070.00
0.00
AO 3
1048.34
116.48
1070.00
0.00
Capital de Trabajo
-$27,387.50
2037.98
2136.63
VAN
$ 26,520.24
INTERPRETACIN
No es Rentable el Proyecto
TIR
19%
$ 0.00
/ (1+) ^1
=(435,98)/
(1+0,20) ^1 =
1698.32
/ (1+) ^2
=(377,87)/
(1+0,20) ^2 =
1483.77
/ (1+) ^3
=(324,27)/
(1+0,20) ^3 =
1293.30
/ (1+) ^4
=5204,74/
(1+0,20) ^4 =
3767.79
/ (1+) ^5
=5376,63/
(1+0,20) ^5 =
3230.58
/ (1+) ^6
=5554,57/
(1+0,20) ^6 =
2771.62
/ (1+) ^7
=5726,09/
(1+0,20) ^7 =
2375.77
2234.82
/ (1+) ^7
=5726,09/
(1+0,20) ^7 =
8 / (1+) ^8
=8594,82/
(1+0,20) ^8 =
2663.69
/ (1+) ^9
=8837,55/
(1+0,20) ^9 =
2282.09
10 / (1+) ^9
=27645,07/
(1+0,20) ^10 =
4953.30
26520.24
=
()/=26520.24/27387.5
CONCLUSIONES
1.- VAN: Este producto no es factible
2.- TIR: Este producto no es rentable con un 19%, es menor a la tasa de descuento r=20%
3.- PR: La inversin de este proyecto no se recupera dentro del periodo
Ao5
3329.93
2206.08
1873.09
660.00
410.00
8479.10
Ao6
3363.23
2228.14
1891.82
660.00
410.00
8553.19
Ao7
Ao8
Ao9
Ao10
3396.86
2250.42
1910.74
660.00
410.00
8628.02
3430.83
2272.93
1929.84
660.00
410.00
8703.60
3465.14
2295.66
1949.14
660.00
410.00
8779.94
3499.79
2318.58
1968.64
660.00
410.00
8857.01
ULTADOS PRESUPUESTADO
Ao5
12.98
1800
2.43
23364.00
4374.00
18990.00
8479.10
3329.93
2206.08
1873.09
660.00
410.00
Ao6
13.24
1800
2.45
23832.00
4410.00
19422.00
8553.19
3363.23
2228.14
1891.82
660.00
410.00
Ao7
Ao8
Ao9
Ao10
13.5
1800
2.47
24300.00
4446.00
19854.00
8628.02
3396.86
2250.42
1910.74
660.00
410
13.77
2160
2.49
29743.20
5378.40
24364.80
8703.6
3430.83
2272.92
1929.85
660.00
410
14.05
2160
2.51
30348.00
5421.60
24926.40
8779.94
3465.14
2295.65
1949.15
660.00
410
14.33
2160
2.54
30952.80
5486.40
25466.40
8857.02
3499.79
2318.59
1968.64
660.00
410
10510.90
10868.81
11225.98
15661.20
16146.46
16609.38
1576.64
8934.27
1965.54
1630.32
9238.49
2032.47
1683.90
9542.08
2099.26
2349.18
13312.02
2928.64
2421.97
13724.49
3019.39
2491.41
14117.97
3105.95
6968.73
7206.02
7442.82
10383.38
10705.10
11012.02
696.87
6271.85
720.60
6485.42
744.28
6698.54
1038.34
9345.04
1070.51
9634.59
1101.20
9910.82
Ao6
13.24
1800
2.45
23832.00
4410.00
19422.00
8553.19
3363.23
2228.14
1891.82
660.00
410.00
10868.81
Ao7
Ao8
Ao9
Ao10
13.5
1800
2.47
24300.00
4446.00
19854.00
8628.02
3396.86
2250.42
1910.74
660.00
410.00
11225.98
13.77
2160
2.49
29743.20
5378.40
24364.80
8703.6
3430.83
2272.92
1929.85
660.00
410.00
15661.20
14.05
2160
2.51
30348.00
5421.60
24926.40
8779.94
3465.14
2295.65
1949.15
660.00
410.00
16146.46
14.33
2160
2.54
30952.80
5486.40
25466.40
8857.02
3499.79
2318.59
1968.64
660.00
410.00
16609.38
10510.90
10868.81
11225.98
15661.20
16146.46
16609.38
1576.64
8934.27
1965.54
1630.32
9238.49
2032.47
1683.90
9542.08
2099.26
2349.18
13312.02
2928.64
2421.97
13724.49
3019.39
2491.41
14117.97
3105.95
6968.73
7206.02
7442.82
10383.38
10705.10
11012.02
696.87
6271.85
19,171.25
Saldo
$19,171.25
$17,968.34
720.60
6485.42
744.28
6698.54
1038.34
9345.04
1070.51
9634.59
1101.20
9910.82
$16,645.14
$15,189.63
$13,588.56
$11,827.38
$9,890.08
$7,759.06
$5,414.93
$2,836.39
$0.00
FLUJO DE FONDOS
AO 4
6068.59
674.29
1070.00
0.00
AO 5
6271.85
696.87
1070.00
0.00
AO 6
6485.42
720.60
1070.00
AO 7
6698.54
744.28
1070.00
AO 8
9345.04
1038.34
1070.00
AO 9
9634.59
1070.51
1070.00
7812.88
FLUJOS
ACUMULADOS
1698.32
3182.09
4475.39
8243.17
11473.76
14245.38
16621.15
8038.73
8276.02
8512.82
11453.38
11775.10
19284.84
21566.94
26520.24
MESES:
0.97
AO 10
9910.82
1101.20
1070.00
14400.00
3600.00
0.00
587.50
30669.52
CASO 2
CHOCOLATES
PRESUPUESTO DE INGRESOS O VENTAS
Ao
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Precio
12.00
12.24
12.48
12.73
12.98
13.24
13.50
13.77
14.05
14.33
Demanda
1000
1000
1000
1800
1800
1800
1800
2160
2160
2160
Proyeccin
12000.00
12240.00
12484.80
22914.00
23364.00
23832.00
24300.00
29743.20
30348.00
30952.80
Ao
Costo Variable
Cajas
Costo Variable
Total
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2.35
2.37
2.39
2.41
2.43
2.45
2.47
2.49
1000
1000
1000
1800
1800
1800
1800
2160
2350.00
2370.00
2390.00
4338.00
4374.00
4410.00
4446.00
5378.40
9
10
2.51
2.54
2160
2160
5421.60
5486.4
Ao3
3264.32
2162.61
1836.18
660.00
410.00
8333.11
Ao4
3296.96
2184.24
1854.54
660.00
410.00
8405.74
Ao1
3200.00
2120.00
1800.00
660.00
410.00
8190.00
Ao2
3232.00
2141.20
1818.00
660.00
410.00
8261.20
Ao2
12.24
1000
2.37
12240.00
2370.00
9870.00
8261.20
3232.00
2141.20
1818.00
660.00
410.00
Ao3
12.48
1000
2.39
12480.00
2390.00
10090.00
8333.11
3264.32
2162.61
1836.18
660.00
410.00
Ao4
12.73
1800
2.41
22914.00
4338.00
18576.00
8405.74
3296.96
2184.24
1854.54
660.00
410.00
1460.00
1608.80
1756.89
10170.26
219.00
1241.00
273.02
241.32
1367.48
300.85
263.53
1493.36
328.54
1525.54
8644.72
1901.84
967.98
1066.63
1164.82
6742.88
96.80
871.18
106.66
959.97
116.48
1048.34
674.29
6068.59
Precio
Cantidad
Costo Variable Unitario
= INGRESOS
- Costo Variable Total
= Margen de Contribucin
- Costos Fijos
Administracin
Seguros
Publicidad
Depreciacin Mquinas
Depreciacin Edificio
Ao2
12.24
1000
2.37
12240.00
2370.00
9870.00
8261.20
3232.00
300.85
1818.00
660.00
410.00
1608.80
1796.83
Ao3
12.48
1000
2.39
12480.00
2390.00
10090.00
8333.11
3264.32
328.54
1836.18
660.00
410.00
1756.89
1664.51
Ao4
12.73
1800
2.41
22914.00
4338.00
18576.00
8405.74
8644.72
1901.84
1854.54
660.00
410.00
10170.26
1518.96
-457.13
-188.03
92.38
8651.30
-68.57
-388.56
-85.48
-28.21
-159.83
-35.16
13.86
78.52
17.27
1297.69
7353.60
1617.79
-303.07
-124.67
61.25
5735.81
Precio
Cantidad
Costo Variable Unitario
= INGRESOS
- Costo Variable Total
= Margen de Contribucin
- Costos Fijos
Administracin
Seguros
Publicidad
Depreciacin Mquinas
Depreciacin Edificio
= UTILIDAD OPERATIVA
- Gasto Inters
-30.31
-272.77
-12.47
-112.20
6.12
55.12
573.58
5162.23
PRESUPUESTO DE INVERSIN
MONTO DE
INVERSIN
AO 0
12000.00
6600.00
8200.00
587.50
27387.50
ACTIVO FIJO
Terreno
Maquinaria
Planta y Oficina
Capital de Trabajo
TOTAL INVERSIN
TABLA DE AMORTIZACIN
Inicial
$19,171.25
Monto
Inters
$1,917.13
Capital
$1,202.91
Cuota
$3,120.03
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
$17,968.34
$16,645.14
$15,189.63
$13,588.56
$11,827.38
$9,890.08
$7,759.06
$5,414.93
$2,836.39
$1,796.83
$1,664.51
$1,518.96
$1,358.86
$1,182.74
$989.01
$775.91
$541.49
$283.64
$1,323.20
$1,455.52
$1,601.07
$1,761.18
$1,937.29
$2,131.02
$2,344.13
$2,578.54
$2,836.39
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
$3,120.03
FLUJO DE FONDOS
AO 0
Utilidad Neta
+ Reserva Legal
+ Depreciaciones
+ Amortizaciones
INVERSIN
+ Crdito Recibido
- Abono a Capital (Amort. Crd.)
- Activos Fijos
Terreno
Maquinaria
Equipo Planta y Oficina
- Activos Diferidos
- Capital de Trabajo
VALOR RESIDUAL
Terreno
Maquinaria
Edificio Planta y Oficina
AO 1
-272.77
-30.31
1070.00
0.00
AO 2
-112.20
-12.47
1070.00
0.00
AO 3
55.12
6.12
1070.00
0.00
-1202.91
-1323.20
-1455.52
$19,171.25
-26800.00
-12000.00
-6600.00
-8200.00
0.00
-587.50
Capital de Trabajo
-$8,216.25
-435.98
-377.87
VAN
$ 15,492.12
INTERPRETACIN
Si es Rentable el Proyecto
TIR
31%
$ 0.00
-363.32
/ (1+) ^2
=(377,87)/
(1+0,20) ^2 =
-262.41
/ (1+) ^3
=(324,27)/
(1+0,20) ^3 =
-187.66
/ (1+) ^4
=5204,74/
(1+0,20) ^4 =
2510.00
/ (1+) ^5
=5376,63/
(1+0,20) ^5 =
2160.75
/ (1+) ^6
=5554,57/
(1+0,20) ^6 =
1860.21
/ (1+) ^7
=5726,09/
(1+0,20) ^7 =
1598.05
-324.27
/ (1+) ^7
=5726,09/
(1+0,20) ^7 =
/ (1+) ^8
8 =8594,82/
(1+0,20) ^8 =
1998.88
/ (1+) ^9
=8837,55/
(1+0,20) ^9 =
1712.78
/ (1+) ^9
=27645,07/
(1+0,20) ^10 =
4464.83
10
15492.12
5 MESES
=
()/=15492.12/27387.5
CONCLUSIONES
1.- VAN: Este producto es factible
2.- TIR: Este producto es rentable con un 31%, es mayor a la tasa de descuento r=20%
3.- PR: La inversin de este proyecto se recupera dentro de 7 aos 5 meses
Ao5
3329.93
2206.08
1873.09
660.00
410.00
8479.10
Ao6
3363.23
2228.14
1891.82
660.00
410.00
8553.19
Ao7
Ao8
Ao9
Ao10
3396.86
2250.42
1910.74
660.00
410.00
8628.02
3430.83
2272.93
1929.84
660.00
410.00
8703.60
3465.14
2295.66
1949.14
660.00
410.00
8779.94
3499.79
2318.58
1968.64
660.00
410.00
8857.01
ULTADOS PRESUPUESTADO
Ao5
12.98
1800
2.43
23364.00
4374.00
18990.00
8479.10
3329.93
2206.08
1873.09
660.00
410.00
Ao6
13.24
1800
2.45
23832.00
4410.00
19422.00
8553.19
3363.23
2228.14
1891.82
660.00
410.00
Ao7
Ao8
Ao9
Ao10
13.5
1800
2.47
24300.00
4446.00
19854.00
8628.02
3396.86
2250.42
1910.74
660.00
410
13.77
2160
2.49
29743.20
5378.40
24364.80
8703.6
3430.83
2272.92
1929.85
660.00
410
14.05
2160
2.51
30348.00
5421.60
24926.40
8779.94
3465.14
2295.65
1949.15
660.00
410
14.33
2160
2.54
30952.80
5486.40
25466.40
8857.02
3499.79
2318.59
1968.64
660.00
410
10510.90
10868.81
11225.98
15661.20
16146.46
16609.38
1576.64
8934.27
1965.54
1630.32
9238.49
2032.47
1683.90
9542.08
2099.26
2349.18
13312.02
2928.64
2421.97
13724.49
3019.39
2491.41
14117.97
3105.95
6968.73
7206.02
7442.82
10383.38
10705.10
11012.02
696.87
6271.85
720.60
6485.42
744.28
6698.54
1038.34
9345.04
1070.51
9634.59
1101.20
9910.82
Ao6
13.24
1800
2.45
23832.00
4410.00
19422.00
8553.19
3363.23
2228.14
1891.82
660.00
410.00
10868.81
1182.74
Ao7
Ao8
Ao9
Ao10
13.5
1800
2.47
24300.00
4446.00
19854.00
8628.02
3396.86
2250.42
1910.74
660.00
410.00
11225.98
989.01
13.77
2160
2.49
29743.20
5378.40
24364.80
8703.6
3430.83
2272.92
1929.85
660.00
410.00
15661.20
775.91
14.05
2160
2.51
30348.00
5421.60
24926.40
8779.94
3465.14
2295.65
1949.15
660.00
410.00
16146.46
541.49
14.33
2160
2.54
30952.80
5486.40
25466.40
8857.02
3499.79
2318.59
1968.64
660.00
410.00
16609.38
283.64
9152.04
9686.07
10236.97
14885.29
15604.97
16325.74
1372.81
7779.24
1711.43
1452.91
8233.16
1811.30
1535.55
8701.43
1914.31
2232.79
12652.50
2783.55
2340.75
13264.22
2918.13
2448.86
13876.88
3052.91
6067.81
6421.87
6787.11
9868.95
10346.09
10823.97
606.78
5461.02
19,171.25
Saldo
$19,171.25
$17,968.34
642.19
5779.68
678.71
6108.40
986.89
8882.05
1034.61
9311.48
1082.40
9741.57
$16,645.14
$15,189.63
$13,588.56
$11,827.38
$9,890.08
$7,759.06
$5,414.93
$2,836.39
$0.00
FLUJO DE FONDOS
AO 4
5162.23
573.58
1070.00
0.00
AO 5
5461.02
606.78
1070.00
0.00
AO 6
5779.68
642.19
1070.00
AO 7
6108.40
678.71
1070.00
AO 8
8882.05
986.89
1070.00
AO 9
9311.48
1034.61
1070.00
-1601.07
-1761.18
-1937.29
-2131.02
-2344.13
-2578.54
5204.74
FLUJOS
ACUMULADOS
-363.32
-625.72
-813.38
1696.62
3857.37
5717.58
7315.63
5376.63
5554.57
5726.09
8594.82
8837.55
9314.51
11027.28
15492.12
7 AOS 5 MESES
MESES:
0.57
AO 10
9741.57
1082.40
1070.00
-2836.39
14400.00
3600.00
0.00
587.50
27645.07