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ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATION
PUBLIC HEARING

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COMMONWEALTH OF KENTUCKY
ENERGY and ENVIRONMENT CABINET
DEPARTMENT FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
DIVISION of WASTE MANAGEMENT/DIVISION of WATER

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November 22, 2016

6:00 p.m.

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YANKEYREPORTING@YAHOO.COM 502/939-6211

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ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATION PUBLIC HEARING

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I N D E X

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PROCEEDINGS BY MR. MAYBRIAR:

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PUBLIC SPEAKERS:

8-25

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REPORTER'S CERTIFICATE:

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TODD HENDICKS REPORT ALSO ATTACHED

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YANKEYREPORTING@YAHOO.COM 502/939-6211

PROCEEDINGS:

The Administrative Regulation Public Hearing

was held on Tuesday, November 22, 2016 at 300 Sower

Blvd., 1st Floor, located at Frankfort, Kentucky,

beginning at 6 p.m. and ending at 7 p.m.

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MR. MAYBRIAR:

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let's get started.

Good afternoon everyone;

My name is John Maybriar, and

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I'm the director of the Division Of Waste Management

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within the Department Of Environmental Protection.

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And I want to thank you all for attending this

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public hearing on coal combustion residual proposed

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amendments and the new administrative regulations

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401 KAR 45:010, 401 KAR 45:060, 401 KAR 46:101, 401

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KAR 46:110, 401 KAR 46:120 401 KAR 4:070.

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Tonight I'll be the moderator for this public

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hearing.

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comments in a public forum so the agency has

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established this event to receive these comments.

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Some of you all requested to present

With me this evening are Danny Anderson; he

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is the branch manager for the Division of Waste

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Management Solid Waste Branch, Ron Price who is the

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staff assistant, who is in the rear.

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of the Division of Water, Pete Goodman and also

The director

YANKEYREPORTING@YAHOO.COM 502/939-6211

Alanna Aldridge and Caroline Tobin -- where is

Caroline?

There she is over there, thank you.

And along with these staff will be other

staff within the Division of Waste Management

attending the hearing as well.

tonight's hearing will be prepared by the person to

my right.

registration desk at the back of the room; if there

is anyone who did not sign in upon entering please

A transcript of

There is a sign-in sheet at the

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do so before you leave tonight so we can have an

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accurate record of everyone who attended.

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If you wish to speak please indicate that on

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the side of the sheet.

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on the CCR proposed amendments in the new

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administrative regulations, we have a few sign-ups

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that was developed by the Division of Waste

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Management, so if anybody has not received that fact

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sheet can you show them the fact-sheet?

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There is also a fact-sheet

If anybody would like a copy of that

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fact-sheet please go ahead and feel free to grab

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that at this time.

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purpose of this hearing is to receive comments from

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the public regarding the cabinet's proposed

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amendments and the new administrative regulations

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regarding coal combustion residuals.

As I mentioned previously, the

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The two regulations 401 KR chapter 45, were

amended to exclude the regulation of coal combustion

residuals, we call them CCRs.

in the new 401 KAR Chapter 46.

46.10 and 401 KR-070 would adopt the federal

regulations and the requirements for CCR that became

effective in October of 2015.

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That will be governed


401 KAR Chapter

In addition 401 KAR 46:120 establishes the


requirements for a CCR permit by rule.

The

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transition of permits for facilities previously

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regulated by 401 KAR chapter 45, also the reporting

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requirements for the beneficial use of CCR.

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Procedures which are regulated have to be made

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requests and concurrence from the cabinet for

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compliance and fees associated with implementation

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of the program.

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The hearing will be conducted as a

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non-adversarial hearing.

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providing verbal testimony will not be questioned by

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other participants or observers regarding that

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testimony.

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occasionally ask questions if necessary to clarify

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the meaning of a comment.

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That is, participants

However, myself and other DP staff may

Please be respectful to others.

Keep

yourself on side conversations to a minimum and


YANKEYREPORTING@YAHOO.COM 502/939-6211

provide each speaker with your attention.

comments will be considered by the cabinet and

addressed in a statement of consideration document.

All

This Statement of Consideration document will

be filed with the LRC, which is the Legislative

Research Commission or with the final proposed

version of the regulation for review by the

Legislative Oversight Committees.

verbal comments will receive equal consideration.

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Both written and

All persons making comments for which we have

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a complete and legible mailing address will receive

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a copy of the statement of consideration.

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persons wanting a copy of the Statement of

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Consideration should indicate on the sign-in sheet

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at the registration desk.

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version of your comments and a spare copy of the

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comments, please provide them to us before you

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speak; again your full written and verbal comments

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will be considered as part of the hearing record.

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Everyone will be given a five-minute

All

If you have a written

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timeframe to speak initially with -- in an effort to

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assure everyone that wishes to provide comments has

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a chance.

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additional time to anyone who wishes to have further

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comments.

We will come back at the end to allow

Mr. Laurie Green, Laurie will you raise

YANKEYREPORTING@YAHOO.COM 502/939-6211

your hand?

What he has -- time everybody, you will

be given a one-minute warning as you approach toward

the end of your five minutes and then he will flip

it over and say your time is done.

But if you do have additional comments and

you want to return after that five-minute period,

you will be able to do so at the end of all the

other comments have been presented.

calling the names in order of those who signed in on

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the sign-in sheet and those that wish to give verbal

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testimony.

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We will be

And if you are uncomfortable coming up and

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speaking and you still wanted to attend and you have

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your written comments you can come up here and

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present them to here -- at my right your left and

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present the comments over here and we will receive

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those comments.

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When your name is called please come forward

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and submit your written comments and the name -- and

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your name for the record.

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organization, company or group, please give that

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affiliation.

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questions before we get started?

If you're representing an

So at that point are there any

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Oh, Wes told me we needed to let everybody

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know where the restrooms are, major importance to


YANKEYREPORTING@YAHOO.COM 502/939-6211

that, so if you go back out toward the main doors

you came in there is a wooden hallway.

wooden walk.

right as you are leaving, there are the restrooms

located in that area if you all need to go to the

bathroom.

At

There is a

Go down the right-hand side, to your

this point, do we have a list of the

names of people that will be wanting to speak?

Okay.

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Kelly?

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I will sit down when you get up to talk here okay?

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And we will start off with Kelly Leach.


And we'll be sharing the mic this evening so

MS. LEACH:

All right.

Thank you.

My name

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is Kelly Leach, L-E-A-C-H.

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Trimble County of LGE's proposed coal-ash landfill.

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Our property is 116 feet from the waste boundary as

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they're proposed.

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I'm a neighbor in

I really don't understand the regulations to

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be honest with you for the details of them.

And

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but, what I do understand is or want to make note of

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is the fact that I do feel like with the division

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here being able to contact them with issues,

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concerns, things like that, that we've had over and

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I've been doing this almost six years, I feel like

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they're better protected from things that could be

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going on or concerns of things that I think may not


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be right or that kind of thing with them being here.

If I am right and the situation is that where

the waste management team is out of the picture, you

know, I'm concerned with where in the EPA that I

would contact or what kind of representation that I

might have.

You know, I don't think any of us in here

would be happy to live 116 feet away from a proposed

landfill.

I know some people that live next to one

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now and I know it's something that we have to have.

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I mean, you know, I like to turn the lights on just

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like anybody else does, but I'd like to feel like

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that I'm better protected with these kind of

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impoundments.

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And I think anybody else here or anywhere

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else would feel the same way.

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I do understand with it is the fact that the state

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is either going to be eliminated from this or not as

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proactive.

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it; I'd like to see,you know, to have as much

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protection as all of us really do need for something

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like this thats going on.

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So if what little bit

And I do want to say that I'm opposed of

MR. MAYBRIAR:

Thank you very much.

The next person signed is

Kathy Little.
MS. LITTLE:

Hello my name is Kathy Little,

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thats, L-I-T-T-L-E.

Run power plant in Louisville, Kentucky.

told that the proposed regulations were written by a

power-plant attorney.

accurate or not, but I would think that would be a

conflict of interest.

reading it anyway, I am having issues with reading

the proposed regulations as well.

I am a neighbor of the Cane


And I was

I'm not sure if thats

It appears from the way I'm

But it appears that the state will not be

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regulating special-waste landfills anymore.

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what I hear, no permitting, no modifications, no

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notices of deficiencies by the state.

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regulations will be the law of the land, I believe,

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and power plants will self-regulate.

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don't follow federal regulation?

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From

Federal

What if they

There are no federal regulators, I don't

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believe.

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Kentuckian constituents?

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administration coming in -- in January, and they are

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going to cut two regulations for every one.

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even have federal regulations in the future?

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what would Kentucky be?

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Who is going to protect affected


With the Trump

Will we
So

A state without regulation.

I am concerned about this.

I like our state

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regulatory agency.

I believe that you know, no

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business should have the right to self-regulate


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there's, you know, way too much liability as far as

you know, our waterways, our streams, our you know,

everything that could be hurt because someone

doesnt follow to the rule, would be devastating.

And I feel like that the state should

continue to regulate.

know, my being up here matters one way or the other.

I don't know whether, you

But I think that we're doing just fine.

I think

that we, you know, basically let individuals know

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within our state agencies when we're not happy and

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theyll let us know, well there is something we can

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do about that or there is not.

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But for us not to have a federal regulator,

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you know, what do we do?

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what do we do?

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would take the ability for private citizens to go

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before federal judges away at this point.

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Like Kelly says, what --

There is a bill in the Senate that

So that would be our federal answer, you

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know, that we -- that citizens, you know, that know

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nothing about regulating, you know, CCR none at all,

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but if we happened to figure it out that they're

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not, you know, adhering to the regulations we did

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have that ability.

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But it's in the Senate now that, you know,


that might be taken away from us.

So my question

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is, what, you know, what can we do as private

citizens that live and are affected, that live close

to one of the eight in Kentucky, special waste

landfills.

to know that.

with that answer I would appreciate it.

going to protect private citizens, you know, without

state regulation?

What do we do?

I certainly would like

And if someone could follow through


Who is

Thank you so much.

MR. MAYBRIAR:

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MR. MCELORY:

Sonia McElroy.
S-O-N-I-A, M-C-E-L-R-O-Y.

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am Sonia McElroy, and I am a resident of Trimble

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County.

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around long enough to have seen different disasters

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over my 69 years.

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been very pleased with the way the Division of Waste

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Management has acted and been involved to enforce

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the regulations that were on the books.

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I'm also a conservationist.

I've been

And I have to tell you I have

Now what we know is that the coal-ash pond

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that if being closed, or will be closed, in Trimble

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County.

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leaching waste into the ground water, into the Ohio

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river.

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issued notices of deficiency when the monitoring

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wells have, when the monitoring wells have shown

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that there were deficiencies and leaching in to

Ever since its inception it has been

And the Division of Waste Management has

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those areas.

Now, I also today took the trouble to look up

the mission of the Division of Waste Management.

It

is to protect human health and the environment by

minimizing adverse impact on all citizens of the

Commonwealth through the development and

implementation of fair, equitable and effective

waste management programs via program planning and

administration and regional field operation efforts.

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Now if these new regulations go into effect, the

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Division of Waste Management's mission statement is

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to the four winds.

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henhouse to regulate it.

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It's like letting the fox in the

Energy companies are big, theyve got lots of

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money.

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by the assets that PPL has.

And that is who owns

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LG&E and Kentucky Utilities.

They are worldwide.

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And I can't even remember, but I am boggled

You know, we cannot sentence regular people

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without the current administrative regulation, we

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cannot fight them, there is no way.

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we can look forward, in time, to more abuses,

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because we've seen them.

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coal-ash slurry end up in rivers, we've seen waste

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put in mines out in the west.

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grievous damage to the environment.

And I know that

We've seen dams break,

And that has caused

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I know that most of us are aware of the

history in Kentucky, the rape of eastern Kentucky

when big timber and coal did whatever they wanted.

They destroyed pristine areas and we're working to

try to get those areas back.

regulations then we will not been able to have an

environment that is safe for future generations.

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If you allow these new

I don't have any grandchildren, but I know a


lot of people that do.

And they look forward to

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leaving their land, their farms, to those children

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to continue.

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And I ask you to preserve and protect our

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environment and not adopt the amendments, because

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putting the coal-ash landfill in a parsed area, an

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area that is full of sinkholes and small caves is a

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disaster waiting to happen.

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lifetime, but I know none of you would want to live

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next to a landfill.

Maybe not in my

Thank you.

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MR. MAYBRIAR:

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MR. HENDRICKS:

Todd Hendricks.
My name is Todd Hendricks,

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T-O-D-D, H-E-N-D-R-I-C-K-S.

I am a Professional

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Geologist and I have a Bachelor of Science and a

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Master of Science degree in Geology.

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professional experience and have worked in the Solid

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Waste Branch of the Division of Waste Management for

27 years of

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over 18 and 1/2 years.

I make these comments as a citizen on my own

time.

understandable that those in the utility industry

who generate CCR wastes do not want to be

double-regulated.

However, I assert that the federal CCR rule does not

represent regulation at all; it simply defines

parameters for lawsuits.

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I speak for myself, not my employer.

It is

I don't envy their position.

The proposed state regulatory package is - at

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best premature.

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pending regarding the RCRA coal combustion residuals

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Rule, and the rewrite of rule is underway.

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also unclear what modifications will be made as a

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result of the change of presidential

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administrations.

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Both litigation and legislation are

It is

The only certainty is -- is that the

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requirements of a revised CCR Rule, if there is one,

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will be different from the requirements of the

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present rule.

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proposed state regulations should be postponed until

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the outcome of pending federal litigation and the

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current revision of the CCR Rule, article is

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complete.

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At a minimum, implementation of the

By far, the best course of action at this


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point in time is to leave the present requirements

of 401 KR chapters 30, 40 and 45 in effect for these

facilities until the federal regulations are in a

reasonably final form.

incorporate things by reference that we don't even

know what they're going to be.

requirements are not much of an additional burden

and it wouldnt, if given that these facilities

monitor on a semiannual basis, it really doesnt

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It makes no sense to

The state

amount to much.
Okay.

The next issue is Permit-By-Rule.

The

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pending federal legislation which has passed both

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the house and the senate in different versions,

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proposes the delegation of an authority to state

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programs with permitting programs that meet or

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exceed the federal requirements.

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incorporate large parts of the federal rule by

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reference, the proposed state regulations do not

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constitute a permitting program per se, because a

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permit-by-rule is preemptively granted without any

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independent state agency oversight of the siting,

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design, construction, operation, environmental

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monitoring, and reporting regarding these

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facilities.

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proposal such as that included in 401 KAR chapter 46

Although they

It is unlikely the permit-by-rule

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would allow Kentucky to achieve authorization under

a revised federal regulation.

Also, CCR waste or compositionally

inappropriate for permits-by-rule.

It is commonly

asserted Coal Combustion Residuals are "low hazard."

However, this is not always the case, and a growing

body of evidence shows significant potential hazards

to human health and environment due to releases from

some CCR units.

Analysis of groundwater and

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leachate from CCR units in Kentucky has shown

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elevated levels of heavy metals, sulfate, boron and

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other contaminates.

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One facility is conducting groundwater

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corrective action for contamination of karst springs

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with arsenic leaching from an inactive surface

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impoundment.

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contaminated groundwater per day are captured and

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pumped to the active surface impoundment for

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dilution and discharge through a KPDS permitted

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outfall.

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Hundreds of thousands of gallons of

State laboratory analysis of one recent

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sample of fluid, presumably leachate flowing from

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the toe of a full CCR landfill showed 9.81

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milligrams per liter of arsenic, which is 981 times

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the MCL.
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Fluids containing arsenic at this level may

be characteristically hazardous because of toxicity.

Containment landfills are regulated to the highest

standards of any solid or special waste site or

facility, but I have never seen any leachate

analysis from a contained landfill that indicated

that the leachate itself could be characteristically

hazardous.

later.

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And my time is up and I will come back

MR. MAYBRIAR:

Was there anybody else that

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wished to make additional comments that didn't sign

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up or did sign up or didn't check the correct box?

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Okay.

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comments, Todd, you're still allowed to continue on

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for a few more minutes.

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Since no one else has any additional

MR. HENDRICKS:

Okay.

All right.

Just tell me when my

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time is up.

One problem with these

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facilities is metal rejects and pyrites.

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are generated by facilities that use roller mills to

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press coal for combustion.

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been disposed in many surface environments and

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landfills throughout the state.

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data indicates that these wastes can, in some cases,

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be characteristically hazardous due to toxicity with

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respect to heavy metals.

And they

These materials have

Published industry

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According to the same industry publication, a

facility burning bituminous coal can be expected to

produce between 750 to 1,200 tons of pyrites for a

year per hundred megawatt capacity.

megawatt plant could produce 5,625 to 9,000 tons of

pyrites per year.

So one 750

Since the effective date of the CCR Rule,

which was October 17, 2015, these wastes are no

longer exempt from classification as hazardous

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waste.

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are obligated to perform the appropriate testing to

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determine whether the subject mill rejects and

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pyrites are characteristically hazardous, and

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dispose of them properly.

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Therefore, facilities producing such wastes

The next issue is EPS violations.

EPS means

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environmental performance standards.

The

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environmental performance standards of 401 KAR.

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30:031 prohibit special waste sites from polluting

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groundwater above an MCL.

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facilities already have MCL exceedances in

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groundwater.

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type of permit for activities that the legislature

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has determined are sufficiently low-hazard, that a

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written permit is unnecessary, will it be possible

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for facilities that already have MCL exceedances to

However, many of these

Given that the permit-by-rule is a

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remain permits-by-rule.

environmental performance standard in 401 KAR

30:031, it is difficult to argue that the facility

or the waste is low-hazard.

If a facility violates an

In the proposed regulation, 401 KAR 46:120

Section 1, seems to require a higher standard of

performance for beneficial use when compared to

surface impoundments and landfills.

states that a beneficial use is deemed to have a

Subsection 2

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permit-by-rule only if it is in compliance with 401

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KAR Chapter 46 and the environmental performance

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standards of 401 KAR 30:031.

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However, Section 1 (1) allows landfills and

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surface impoundments to remain permits-by-rule even

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when the CCR unit is in violation of provisions of

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Chapter 46 as well as 401 KAR 30:031.

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environmental sense, given that human health and

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environmental receptors do not distinguish between

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contaminants produced by a landfill, a surface

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impoundment, or a beneficial use.

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This makes no

CCR units, especially those with confirmed

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groundwater pollution and those in corrective action

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should retain their full written, formal permits,

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and those CCR facilities lacking them presently

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should be issued full written formal permits.


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With regard to self-regulation,

self-certification and citizen lawsuits a

significant weakness of the federal CCR rule is that

it relies on self-regulation by the facilities and

self-certification by Professional Engineers

regarding every aspect of the siting, design,

construction, operation, environmental monitoring

and reporting regarding CCR units.

Professional Engineers are paid by the regulated

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entity, creating at least an apparent conflict of

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interest.

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presently provided by the energy environment cabinet

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under Chapters 30, 40 and 45 of the Kentucky

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Administrative Regulations) is involved.

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The subject

No independent oversight (like that

Some certification of monitoring systems by

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engineers has recently not been sufficient.

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Specifically, information available to the cabinet

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indicates that for two facilities that constructed

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monitoring wells in an effort to meet the CCR Rule

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without seeking approval from KDWM, both installed

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wells incorrectly.

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of the CCR wells out-of-compliance regarding the

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construction standards of 401 KAR 6:350, they

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actually retrofitted all of the existing mining

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wells that were in compliance, bringing them out of

One site not only installed all

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compliance.

In another case, at least one well at an ash

impoundment was installed through 8.6 feet of "gray

wet ash" (i.e., waste) and one foot of "gray wet

clay" (possibly the bottom liner).

through waste is acceptable and the subject well

should be over drilled and grouted up.

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No well drilled

With regard to financial assurance, current


regulations require bonds for the closure of CCR

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landfills.

And bond for groundwater corrective

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action.

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Management holds $40,378,953 in financial assurance

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to ensure proper closure of special-waste landfills,

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used for the disposal of CCR.

Presently the Kentucky Division of Waste

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One landfill is under construction and

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another that is proposed would result in the posting

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of another $4,3838,95 dollars and $8,785,000

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dollars, respectively, bringing the total to

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$61,547,848 dollars.

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become effective, all of the present permit

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requirements will become null and void upon the

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effective date including the financial assurance

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required under 401 KAR chapter 45.

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returned to the facilities.

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If the proposed regulations

The bond will be

As a consequence in the event of a bankruptcy


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of the utility owning a CCR unit the relevant unit

or units will have to be closed under superfunds,

the cost to the taxpayers, which is both slow and

expensive.

retained, it should be extended to include closure

of all surface impoundments.

Financial assurance would not only by

I maintain that this regulatory package is

probably inconsistent with KRS.224.10-100 and in

specifically, 221.4.10-100 listed powers and duties

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of the cabinet.

And it says the following:

In

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addition to any other powers and duties vested in it

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by law, the cabinet shall have the authority, power

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and duty to do the following things.

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passive law.

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Okay.

That is not a

It requires the cabinet to do things.


With regard to 401 KAR 46:126 and 52

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of the present or the proposed regulations, the

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language in the subsection conflicts with the

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existing statute in regulation and in particular the

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word "invalidate" does not appear in the Kentucky

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Revised Statutes 224.10-100.

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uses the terms "issue, continue and effect, revoke,

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modify, suspend or deny."

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applicable terms are "modify, suspend, invoke and

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discontinue."

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Instead the statute

And 401 KAR 40:040 the

Next 401 KAR 46:110 Section (a) incorporates


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by reference the federal CCR groundwater monitoring

requirements in totality.

CCR rule is not a good fit geologically for

Kentucky, where 40 percent of the land overlies

KARST geology.

KARST groundwater via springs is made in the CCR

rule.

in the regulations, although 40 CFR.257.91(a)(2)

states, "all potential contaminate pathways must be

Unfortunately the federal

No specific provision for monitoring

Only wells are specified as monitoring points

10

monitored."

11

their attorneys and their consulting engineers are

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interpreting 40 CFR 257.91 only to mean that only

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wells installed in accordance with the CCR rule can

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be acceptable monitoring points under the rule and

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that existing state monitoring systems, which are

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the product of site specific geological evaluation

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and the data collected for them, are irrelevant to

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the purpose of the federal CCR rule.

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These CCR unit owner and operators,

With regard to concurrence I see no practical

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benefit to either the citizens of the commonwealth

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or the permittees or the holders of the permits by

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rule.

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Rule, the federal CCR Rule makes no mention of state

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and local laws and requirements other than to say

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that it is in addition to those.

It simply doesn't provide anything.

The CCR

It is unlikely

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that consulting engineers will have the experience

and knowledge of local laws and regulations; they

will simply do things in accordance with the federal

rule and certify themselves in compliance.

With regard to burrow areas are permits

required?

Is a mining permit required?

Because

when we issue permits from the Division of Waste

Management and again, I'm speaking individually and

when I say "we", thats just because I do it when

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I'm at work, we issue permits that include the

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burrow areas.

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lack of citizen input in this process if these regs

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are adopted.

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notice, no public comment period, someone can just

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fill the landfill if you're engineer certified

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providing nobody sees them.

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Okay.

Finally there is a notable

There will be no provision for public

We have to ask ourselves whether we want a

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system where a 200 acre landfill with 100 acre

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burrow area can be built without any state input and

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any input by the local communities.

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MR. MAYBRIAR:

Thank you.

Is there anybody else that

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would like to make comments at this point?

Okay.

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If not, thank you all for coming out and being part

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of this hearing tonight.

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comments and this meeting is adjourned.

And we appreciate your


Thank you.

YANKEYREPORTING@YAHOO.COM 502/939-6211

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One last thing before you all leave, if

anybody didn't have written comments that they

didn't get to tonight or you want a copy

feel free to hand them over here to my right for the

official record, thank you again.

6
7

please

(WHEREUPON, the Division of Waste Management


Hearing concludes at 7:20 p.m.)

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CERTIFICATE

1
2

STATE OF KENTUCKY

COUNTY OF OLDHAM

)
)

I, BRENDA YANKEY, the undersigned Court Reporter

and Notary Public in and for the State of

Kentucky,State at Large, certify that the facts

stated in the caption hereto are true, that at the

time and place stated in said caption, the witness

named, that after being duly sworn, was examined by

10

counsel for the parties; that said testimony was

11

taken down in stenotype by me and later reduced to

12

type writing, and the foregoing is a true record of

13

the testimony given by said witness.

14

No party to said action nor counsel for said

15

parties requested in writing that said testimony be

16

signed by the testifying witness.

17

that I am not related by blood or marriage to any of

18

the parties hereto and that I have no interest in

19

the outcome of the captioned matter.

20

My commission expires:

I further certify

January 31, 2020.

21

IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, I hereunto set my hand and

22

seal of office on this 4 day of December, 2016.

23
24

Crestwood, Oldham County, Kentucky.


BRENDA YANKEY, NOTARY PUBLIC
STATE AT LARGE, KENTUCKY NOTARY ID # 546481

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YANKEYREPORTING@YAHOO.COM 502/939-6211

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