April 1999

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

IEEE P802.11
Wireless LANs
Annex E proposed text

Date:
Author:

April 25, 1999

Tal Kaitz and Naftali Chayat
BreezeCom
Atitim Technology Park, Bldg. 1, Tel-Aviv 61131, Israel
Phone: +972-3-645-6262
Fax: +972-3-645-6290
e-mail : [talk naftalic]@breezecom.co.il

Abstract
This document serves as a proposed text to be inserted as Annex E in the 802.11a standard. The purpose of this
annex is to bring an example of encoding a frame for the OFDM PHY. The example goes through the all the
encoding details defined by the standard.

April 1999

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

Annex E
The purpose of this annex is to bring an example of encoding a frame for the OFDM PHY described in Clause 17 of
the 802.11 standard. The encoding illustration goes through the following stages:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)

Generating the short training sequences section of the preamble.

Generating the long preamble sequence section of the preamble.
Generating the SIGNAL field bits.
Coding and interleaving the SIGNAL field bits.
Mapping the SIGNAL field into frequency domain.
Pilot insertion.
Transforming into time domain.
Delineation of the data octet stream into a bit stream.
Prepending the SERVICE field and adding the pad bits, forming thus the DATA.
Scrambling and zeroing the tail bits.
Encoding the DATA with a convolutional encoder and puncturing.
Mapping into complex QAM16 symbols.
Pilots Insertion.
Transforming from frequency to time and adding a circular prefix.
Concatenating the OFDM symbols into a single time-domain signal.

In the description of time domain waveforms a complex baseband signal at 20 Msamples per second shall be used.
The example uses the 36 Mbit/s data rate and a message of 100 octets. These parameters are chosen in order to
illustrate as many nontrivial aspects of the processing:

Use of several bits per symbol (4 in our case)

Puncturing of the convolutional code
Interleaving which uses non-trivially the LSB-MSB swapping stage
Scrambling of the pilot subcarriers

April 1999
1.

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

The message

The message being encoded is the first 72 characters of the well-known Ode to Joy by F. Schiller:
Joy, bright spark of divinity,
Daughter of Elysium,
Fire-insired we tread
Thy sanctuary.
Thy magic power re-unites
All that custom has divided,
All men become brothers
Under the sway of thy gentle wings
The message is converted to ASCII, prepended with an appropriate MAC header and a CRC32 is added. The
resulting 100 octets PSDU is shown in table 1.
#
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
36
41
46
51
56
61
66
71
76
81
86
91
96

5
10
15
20
25
30
35
45
45
50
55
60
55
60
55
60
55
60
55
100

Val
04
60
00
f1
3b
6f
72
20
6b
64
69
44
74
66
73
0a
2d
72
65
61

Val
02
08
20
00
af
79
69
73
20
69
74
61
65
20
69
46
69
65
20
da

Table 1: The message.

Val
00
cd
d6
60
00
2c
67
70
6f
76
79
75
72
45
75
69
6e
64
74
57

Val
2e
37
01
08
00
20
68
61
66
69
2c
67
20
6c
6d
72
73
20
72
99

Val
00
a6
3c
ad
4a
62
74
72
20
6e
0a
68
6f
79
2c
65
69
77
65
ed

April 1999
2.

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

Generation of the preamble

2.1.

Generation of the short sequences

The short sequences section of the preamble is described by its frequency domain representation, given in table 2.
###
-32
-31
-30
-29
-28
-27
-26
-25
-24
-23
-22
-21
-20
-19
-18
-17

Re
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0

Im
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0

###
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1

Re
-1.414
0
0
0
-1.414
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
-1.414
0
0
0

Im
-1.414
0
0
0
-1.414
0
0
0
-1.414
0
0
0
-1.414
0
0
0

###
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Re
0
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
-1.414
0
0
0

Im
0
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
-1.414
0
0
0

###
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
20
31

Re
1.414
0
0
0
-1.414
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Im
1.414
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
1.414
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Im
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085

###
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

Re
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075

Im
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085

Table 2: Frequency domain representation of the short sequences

One period of the IFFT on the contents of Table 2 is given in Table 3.
###
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Re
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075

Im
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085

###
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

Re
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075

Im
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085

Table 3: One period of IFFT of the short sequences

###
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

Re
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075

April 1999
###
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

Re
0.022
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

Im
0.022
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066

###
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79

Re
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075

Im
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085

Table 4: Time domain representation of short sequences

###
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119

Re
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075

Im
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
.
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066

###
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160

Re
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.0221

Im
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.0221

April 1999
-24
-23
-22
-21
-20
-19
-18
-17

-1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1

1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

-1.000
1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

1.000
1.000
1.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Table 5: Frequency domain representation of the long sequences

The time domain representation is derived by performing IFFT on the contents of Table 5, cyclically extending the
result to get the cyclic prefix and the multiplying with the window function of section 2.1 . The resulting 161 points
vector is shown in Table 6. The samples are appended to the short sequence section by overlapping and adding
element 160 of Table 4 to element 0 of Table 6.

###
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

Re
-0.078
0.012
0.092
-0.092
-0.003
0.075
-0.127
-0.122
-0.035
-0.056
-0.060
0.070
0.082
-0.131
-0.057
0.037
0.062
0.119
-0.022
0.059
0.024
-0.137
0.001
0.053
0.098
-0.038
-0.115
0.060
0.021
0.097

Im
0.000
-0.098
-0.106
-0.115
-0.054
0.074
0.021
0.017
0.151
0.022
-0.081
-0.014
-0.092
-0.065
-0.039
-0.098
0.062
0.004
-0.161
0.015
0.059
0.047
0.115
-0.004
0.026
0.106
0.055
0.088
-0.028
-0.083

###
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69

Re
0.098
0.053
0.001
-0.137
0.024
0.059
-0.022
0.119
0.062
0.037
-0.057
-0.131
0.082
0.070
-0.060
-0.056
-0.035
-0.122
-0.127
0.075
-0.003
-0.092
0.092
0.012
-0.156
0.012
0.092
-0.092
-0.003
0.075

Im
-0.026
0.004
-0.115
-0.047
-0.059
-0.015
0.161
-0.004
-0.062
0.098
0.039
0.065
0.092
0.014
0.081
-0.022
-0.151
-0.017
-0.021
-0.074
0.054
0.115
0.106
0.098
0.000
-0.098
-0.106
-0.115
-0.054
0.074

###
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109

Re
0.062
0.119
-0.022
0.059
0.024
-0.137
0.001
0.053
0.098
-0.038
-0.115
0.060
0.021
0.097
0.040
-0.005
0.156
-0.005
0.040
0.097
0.021
0.060
-0.115
-0.038
0.098
0.053
0.001
-0.137
0.024
0.059

Im
0.062
0.004
-0.161
0.015
0.059
0.047
0.115
-0.004
0.026
0.106
0.055
0.088
-0.028
-0.083
0.111
0.120
0.000
-0.120
-0.111
0.083
0.028
-0.088
-0.055
-0.106
-0.026
0.004
-0.115
-0.047
-0.059
-0.015

###
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149

Re
-0.035
-0.122
-0.127
0.075
-0.003
-0.092
0.092
0.012
-0.156
0.012
0.092
-0.092
-0.003
0.075
-0.127
-0.122
-0.035
-0.056
-0.060
0.070
0.082
-0.131
-0.057
0.037
0.062
0.119
-0.022
0.059
0.024
-0.137

Im
-0.151
-0.017
-0.021
-0.074
0.054
0.115
0.106
0.098
0.000
-0.098
-0.106
-0.115
-0.054
0.074
0.021
0.017
0.151
0.022
-0.081
-0.014
-0.092
-0.065
-0.039
-0.098
0.062
0.004
-0.161
0.015
0.059

April 1999

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

Table 6: Time domain representation of the long sequences

3.

Generation of the SIGNAL field

3.1.
SIGNAL field bit assignment
The assignment follows Clause 17.3.4 and table 111. The transmitted bits are shown in Table 7 where bit 0 is
transmitted first
###
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Bit
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0

meaning
LENGTH (LSB)

###
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

LENGTH (MSB)

Bit
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

meaning
RATE: R1
RATE: R2
RATE: R3
RATE: R4
Reserved
Parity
SIGNAL TAIL
SIGNAL TAIL
SIGNAL TAIL
SIGNAL TAIL
SIGNAL TAIL
SIGNAL TAIL

Table 7: Bit assignment for SIGNAL field

3.2.
Coding the SIGNAL field bits.
The bits are encoded by the rate convolutional encoder to yield the 48 bits given in Table 8.
##
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Bit
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1

##
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Bit
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0

##
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Bit
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1

##
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

Bit
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1

##
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

Bit
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0

##
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

Bit
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0

Table 8: SIGNAL field bits after encoding

3.3.
Interleaving the SIGNAL field bits.
The encoded bits are interleaved according to the interleaver of section 17.3.5.6. A detailed breakdown of the
interleaving operation is deferred to section 6. The interleaved SIGNAL field bits are shown in Table 9.
##
0
1
2

Bit
0
1
1

##
8
9
10

Bit
1
0
1

##
16
17
18

Bit
0
0
0

##
24
25
26

Bit
1
0
0

##
32
33
34

Bit
1
0
1

##
40
41
42

Bit
0
0

April 1999

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

The encoded and interleaved bits are BPSK modulated to yield the frequency domain representation given in Table
10
###
-32
-31
-30
-29
-28
-27
-26
-25
-24
-23
-22
-21
-20
-19
-18
-17

Re
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
0.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000

Im
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

###
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1

Re
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
-1.000
0.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000

Im
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

###
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Re
0.000
1.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
0.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000

Im
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

###
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

Re
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
0.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Im
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Table 10: Frequency domain representation of SIGNAL field

Four pilots subcarriers are added by taking the values {1.0,1.0,1.0,-1.0}, multiplying them by the first element of
sequence p0 126, given in equation (25), and inserting into location {-21,-7,7,21} respectively. The resulting
frequency domain values are given in Table 11.
###
-32
-31
-30
-29
-28
-27
-26
-25
-24
-23
-22
-21
-20
-19
-18
-17

Re
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000

Im
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

###
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1

Re
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000

Im
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

###
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Re
0.000
1.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
-1.000

Im
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Table 11: Frequency domain representation of SIGNAL field with pilots inserted

###
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

Re
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
-1.000
1.000
-1.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Im
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

April 1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

0.060
-0.045
-0.061
-0.058
0.055
0.055
-0.015
-0.050
-0.101
-0.003
0.110
0.024
-0.081
0.054
0.050
-0.094
0.050
0.054
-0.081

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

-0.089
-0.112
-0.030
0.014
-0.069
-0.025
0.117
0.072
0.041
0.033
0.014
0.112
-0.033
-0.116
0.133
0.000
-0.133
0.116
0.033

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

0.110
-0.003
-0.101
-0.050
-0.015
0.055
0.055
-0.058
-0.061
-0.045
0.060
-0.031
-0.085
0.200
0.087
0.058
0.130
-0.153
-0.152

-0.014
-0.033
-0.041
-0.072
-0.117
0.025
0.069
-0.014
0.030
0.112
0.089
0.031
0.074
0.036
-0.029
0.119
0.091
-0.047
0.075

41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59

-0.032
0.136
-0.023
-0.024
-0.040
0.005
0.098
0.031
0.098
0.005
-0.040
-0.024
-0.023
0.136
-0.032
-0.138
-0.152
-0.153
0.130

0.063
0.019
-0.080
0.021
0.063
-0.086
-0.059
0.000
0.059
0.086
-0.063
-0.021
0.080
-0.019
-0.063
-0.116
-0.075
0.047
-0.091

61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80

0.087
0.200
-0.085
-0.031
0.060
-0.045
-0.061
-0.058
0.055
0.055
-0.015
-0.050
-0.101
-0.003
0.110
0.024
-0.081
0.054
0.050
-0.047

0.029
-0.036
-0.074
-0.031
-0.089
-0.112
-0.030
0.014
-0.069
-0.025
0.117
0.072
0.041
0.033
0.014
0.112
-0.033
-0.116
0.133
0.000

Table 12: Time domain representation of the SIGNAL field

The SIGNAL field samples are appended with one sample overlap to the preamble, given in Table 6.
4.

Generating the DATA bits

4.1.
Delineating, SERVICE field prepending, and zero padding
The transmitted message, shown in figure 1, contains 100 octets, or equivalently 800 bits. The bits are prepended by
the 16 SERVICE field bits and are appended, by 6 tail bits. The resulting 822 bits are appended by zero bits to yield
an integer number of OFDM symbols. For 36Mb/s mode, there are 144 data bits per OFDM symbol, the overall
number of bits is ceil(822/6)*144 = 864. Hence 864-822=42 zero bits are appended.
The data bits are shown in Table 13 and Table 14. For clarity only the first and last 144 bits are shown.
##
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Bit
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

##
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

Bit
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

##
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

Bit
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0

##
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84

Bit
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0

##
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108

Bit
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

##
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132

Bit
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1

April 1999

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

Table 13: First 144 DATA bits

##
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743

Bit
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1

##
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767

Bit
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0

##
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791

Bit
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0

##
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815

Bit
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1

##
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839

Bit
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

##
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863

Bit
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Table 14: Last 144 DATA bits

4.2.
Scrambling
The 864 bits are scrambled by the scrambler of figure 113. The initial state of the scrambler is the state 1011101.
The generated scrambling sequence is given in Table 15.
0
0
16
1
32
0
48 1
64 0
80 0
96
0
112
1
1
1
17
0
33 1
49 1
65 1
81 0
97
0
113
0
2
1
18
1
34 1
50 1
66 1
82 1
98
1
114
0
3
0
19
0
35 0
51 1
67 1
83 1
99
0
115
1
4
1
20
1
36 1
52 0
68 0
84 1
100
0
116
1
5
1
21
0
37 0
53 1
69 0
85 0
101
1
117
0
6
0
22
0
38 0
54 0
70 0
86 1
102
0
118
0
7
0
23
1
39 0
55 0
71 1
87 1
103
0
119
0
8
0
24
1
40 0
56 1
72 1
88 1
104
0
120
1
9
0
25
1
41 1
57 0
73 1
89 1
105
0
121
0
10
0
26
0
42 0
58 1
74 1
90 0
106
0
122
1
11
1
27
0
43 1
59 0
75 1
91 0
107
0
123
1

April 1999
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1

50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71

1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1

74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95

1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1

98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119

1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0

122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143

1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0

Bit
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0

##
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811

Bit
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1

##
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835

Bit
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1

##
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859

Bit
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0

Table 16: First 144 bits after scrambling

##
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739

Bit
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0

##
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763

Bit
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0

##
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787

April 1999
##
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

Bit
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1

##
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

Bit
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0

##
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95

Bit
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1

##
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127

Bit
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0

##
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159

Bit
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0

##
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191

Bit
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0

Table 18: Coded bits of first DATA symbol

5.2.
Interleaving the DATA bits
The interleaver is defined as a two permutation process. We shall denote by k the index of the coded bit before the
first permutation, i shall be the index after the first and before the second permutation and j shall be the index after
the second permutation, just prior to modulation mapping. The mapping from k to i is shown in Table 19and the
mapping from i, to j is shown in Table 20.
k
0
1

i
0
12

k
24
25

i
97
109

k
48
49

i
3
15

k
72
73

i
100
112

k
96
97

i
6
18

k
i
120 103
121 115

k
144
145

i
9
21

k
168
169

i
106
118

April 1999
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16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

180
1
13
25
37
49
61
73
85

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

86
98
110
122
134
146
158
170
182

63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71

183
4
16
28
40
52
64
76
88

87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95

89
101
113
125
137
149
161
173
185

111 186
112 7
113 19
114 31
115 43
116 55
117 67
118 79
119 91

135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143

92
104
116
128
140
152
164
176
188

159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167

189
10
22
34
46
58
70
82
94

183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191

95
107
119
131
143
155
167
179
191

Table 19: first permutation

i
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

j
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
12
15
14
17
16
19
18
21
20
23
22

i
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

j
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
37
36
39
38
41
40
43
42
45
44
47
46

i
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71

j
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
61
60
63
62
65
64
67
66
69
68
71
70

i
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95

j
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
85
84
87
86
89
88
91
90
93
92
95
94

i
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119

j
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
109
108
111
110
113
112
115
114
117
116
119
118

i
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143

j
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
133
132
135
134
137
136
139
138
141
140
143
142

i
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167

j
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
157
156
159
158
161
160
163
162
165
164
167
166

i
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191

j
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
181
180
183
182
185
184
187
186
189
188
191
190

Table 20: second permutation

As a specific example consider the case of k=17 ( the 18th bit after encoding and puncturing). It is mapped by first
permutation to i=13 and by the second permutation to j=12 (the 13th bit before mapping).
The interleaved bits are shown in Table 21.
##
0
1
2

Bit
0
1
1

##
32
33
34

Bit
0
1
0

##
64
65
66

Bit
1
0
0

##
96
97
98

Bit
0
0
1

##
128
129
130

Bit
0
1
1

##
160
161
162

Bit
0
1
1

April 1999
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16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1

79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95

1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1

111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127

1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0

143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159

0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0

175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191

0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1

Table 21: Interleaved bits of first data symbol

5.3.
Mapping into symbols
The frequency domain symbols are generated by grouping 4 coded bits and mapping into complex QAM16 symbols
according to Table 84. For instance, the first 4 bits (0 1 1 0 ) are mapped to the complex value -0.316+0.949j,
inserted at subcarrierr 26.
Four pilots subcarriers are added by taking the values {1.0,1.0,1.0,-1.0}, multiplied them by the second element of
sequence p, given in equation (25) and inserted into location {-21,-7,7,21} respectively
The frequency domain is shown in Table 22.
###
Re
Im
###
Re
Im
###
Re
Im
###
Re
Im
-32
0.000
0.000
-16
-0.949 0.949
0
0.000
0.000
16
-0.316 0.316
-31
0.000
0.000
-15
-0.316 -0.316
1
-0.949 0.949
17
-0.949 0.949
-30
0.000
0.000
-14
0.316
-0.316
2
0.949
0.316
18
-0.316 0.949
-29
0.000
0.000
-13
0.949
0.316
3
-0.316 -0.949
19
-0.949 -0.316
-28
0.000
0.000
-12
-0.949 0.949
4
-0.949 0.316
20
-0.949 -0.949
-27
0.000
0.000
-11
0.949
-0.316
5
0.316
0.316
21
-1.000 0.000
-26
-0.316 0.949
-10
-0.949 -0.316
6
-0.316 -0.949
22
-0.316 0.949
-25
-0.316 -0.949
-9
0.949
-0.949
7
1.000
0.000
23
-0.316 -0.316
-24
-0.949 0.949
-8
0.949
-0.949
8
-0.316 -0.949
24
0.949
-0.316
-23
-0.949 0.949
-7
1.000
0.000
9
0.316
-0.949
25
0.316
-0.949
-22
0.949
0.949
-6
0.949
0.316
10
-0.316 0.316
26
-0.949 -0.316
-21
1.000
0.000
-5
-0.316 -0.316
11
-0.949 -0.949
27
0.000
0.000
-20
-0.316 0.316
-4
-0.316 0.316
12
0.316
0.949
28
0.000
0.000
-19
0.316
0.949
-3
0.316
0.316
13
-0.949 0.949
29
0.000
0.000
-18
0.316
0.949
-2
0.949
0.316
14
0.949
0.949
30
0.000
0.000

April 1999
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

SIGNAL
DATA 1
DATA 2
DATA 3
DATA 4
DATA 5
DATA 6

1
1
1
1
-1
-1
-1

1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j

1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j

1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j

-1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j
-1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j
1.0 +0j

Table 23: Polarity of the pilot subcarriers

The symbols are appended one after the other with a one sample overlap.
7. The entire packet
The packet in its entirety is shown in Table 1. The short sequences section, the long sequences section, the SIGNAL
field and the DATA symbols are separated by thick lines.
###
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

Re
0.022
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069

Im
0.022
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099

###
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69

Re
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095

Im
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052

###
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109

Re
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069

Im
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099

###
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149

Re
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095
-0.018
0.075
0.133
-0.042
-0.044
0.013
-0.044
0.069
0.107
0.075
0.044
-0.109
-0.044
0.013
-0.133
-0.095

Im
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044
0.052
0.062
-0.066
0.044
0.071
-0.062
-0.152
-0.044
0.099
-0.062
-0.085
0.044
-0.045
0.062
0.126
-0.044

April 1999
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327

0.092
-0.092
-0.003
0.075
-0.127
-0.122
-0.035
-0.056
-0.060
0.070
0.082
-0.131
-0.057
0.037
0.062
0.119
-0.022
0.059
0.024
-0.137
0.001
0.053
0.098
-0.038
-0.115
0.060
0.021
0.097
0.040
-0.005
0.156
-0.005
0.040
0.097
0.021
0.060
-0.115
-0.038
0.062
0.060
-0.045
-0.061
-0.058
0.055
0.055
-0.015

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

-0.106
-0.115
-0.054
0.074
0.021
0.017
0.151
0.022
-0.081
-0.014
-0.092
-0.065
-0.039
-0.098
0.062
0.004
-0.161
0.015
0.059
0.047
0.115
-0.004
0.026
0.106
0.055
0.088
-0.028
-0.083
0.111
0.120
0.000
-0.120
-0.111
0.083
0.028
-0.088
-0.055
-0.106
-0.016
-0.089
-0.112
-0.030
0.014
-0.069
-0.025
0.117

202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347

0.001
-0.137
0.024
0.059
-0.022
0.119
0.062
0.037
-0.057
-0.131
0.082
0.070
-0.060
-0.056
-0.035
-0.122
-0.127
0.075
-0.003
-0.092
0.092
0.012
-0.156
0.012
0.092
-0.092
-0.003
0.075
-0.127
-0.122
-0.035
-0.056
-0.060
0.070
0.082
-0.131
-0.057
0.037
0.024
0.110
-0.003
-0.101
-0.050
-0.015
0.055
0.055

-0.115
-0.047
-0.059
-0.015
0.161
-0.004
-0.062
0.098
0.039
0.065
0.092
0.014
0.081
-0.022
-0.151
-0.017
-0.021
-0.074
0.054
0.115
0.106
0.098
0.000
-0.098
-0.106
-0.115
-0.054
0.074
0.021
0.017
0.151
0.022
-0.081
-0.014
-0.092
-0.065
-0.039
-0.098
-0.112
-0.014
-0.033
-0.041
-0.072
-0.117
0.025
0.069

242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367

-0.022
0.059
0.024
-0.137
0.001
0.053
0.098
-0.038
-0.115
0.060
0.021
0.097
0.040
-0.005
0.156
-0.005
0.040
0.097
0.021
0.060
-0.115
-0.038
0.098
0.053
0.001
-0.137
0.024
0.059
-0.022
0.119
0.062
0.037
-0.057
-0.131
0.082
0.070
-0.060
-0.056
-0.138
-0.032
0.136
-0.023
-0.024
-0.040
0.005
0.098

-0.161
0.015
0.059
0.047
0.115
-0.004
0.026
0.106
0.055
0.088
-0.028
-0.083
0.111
0.120
0.000
-0.120
-0.111
0.083
0.028
-0.088
-0.055
-0.106
-0.026
0.004
-0.115
-0.047
-0.059
-0.015
0.161
-0.004
-0.062
0.098
0.039
0.065
0.092
0.014
0.081
-0.022
0.116
0.063
0.019
-0.080
0.021
0.063
-0.086
-0.059

282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387

-0.127
0.075
-0.003
-0.092
0.092
0.012
-0.156
0.012
0.092
-0.092
-0.003
0.075
-0.127
-0.122
-0.035
-0.056
-0.060
0.070
0.082
-0.131
-0.057
0.037
0.062
0.119
-0.022
0.059
0.024
-0.137
0.001
0.053
0.098
-0.038
-0.115
0.060
0.021
0.097
0.040
-0.005
0.058
0.087
0.200
-0.085
-0.031
0.060
-0.045
-0.061

-0.021
-0.074
0.054
0.115
0.106
0.098
0.000
-0.098
-0.106
-0.115
-0.054
0.074
0.021
0.017
0.151
0.022
-0.081
-0.014
-0.092
-0.065
-0.039
-0.098
0.062
0.004
-0.161
0.015
0.059
0.047
0.115
-0.004
0.026
0.106
0.055
0.088
-0.028
-0.083
0.111
0.120
-0.119
0.029
-0.036
-0.074
-0.031
-0.089
-0.112
-0.030

April 1999
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
560
561
562
563
564
565
566

0.043
-0.063
-0.073
-0.050
-0.043
0.053
0.139
0.038
-0.009
0.005
0.016
-0.103
-0.127
0.141
0.027
-0.048
0.126
-0.002
0.014
-0.004
0.001
0.013
-0.013
-0.093
-0.072
-0.065
-0.012
0.018
0.025
0.029
-0.074
0.029
0.167
0.047
0.098
0.179
0.057
0.033
0.003
0.045
-0.041
0.067
-0.037
-0.124
-0.024
0.061

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

0.065
-0.014
-0.071
0.028
0.129
0.115
-0.058
-0.058
0.030
-0.054
0.031
0.187
0.084
-0.018
0.066
0.049
-0.148
-0.102
0.094
0.090
0.099
-0.050
-0.021
0.074
0.049
0.048
0.044
0.052
-0.039
0.010
0.154
0.007
-0.067
-0.025
0.020
-0.010
-0.113
0.028
0.025
0.070
-0.019
-0.025
0.031
0.016
-0.075
-0.112

421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
580
581
582
583
584
585
586

-0.072
0.023
-0.018
0.044
0.080
0.020
-0.016
-0.143
-0.066
0.034
-0.122
-0.237
-0.045
0.064
-0.162
-0.110
0.030
0.006
0.071
-0.044
0.014
0.001
-0.074
-0.042
0.137
0.135
-0.020
-0.030
-0.083
-0.036
0.014
-0.040
0.079
-0.079
-0.094
0.157
-0.142
-0.205
-0.033
-0.137
-0.146
0.014
0.000
0.028
0.064
-0.006

0.054
0.098
-0.171
-0.086
0.052
-0.070
0.115
-0.020
-0.166
0.146
-0.016
-0.081
0.075
-0.084
-0.013
0.028
-0.040
-0.067
-0.123
-0.090
-0.038
-0.044
0.134
0.236
0.027
-0.041
0.007
0.019
0.048
0.075
0.002
-0.091
0.014
0.082
-0.120
-0.137
0.117
0.069
0.002
-0.055
-0.068
0.072
-0.120
0.014
0.089
-0.020

441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
600
601
602
603
604
605
606

0.022
0.046
0.010
0.060
0.054
0.032
-0.033
-0.011
0.014
-0.027
0.112
0.117
0.077
-0.007
-0.128
0.055
0.015
-0.042
0.075
-0.097
0.121
0.067
-0.105
0.063
0.045
0.056
0.131
0.018
-0.062
-0.017
-0.013
-0.059
0.077
0.061
-0.153
-0.156
-0.088
0.056
0.046
-0.086
-0.065
0.087
0.075
-0.022
0.075
0.015

-0.134
-0.087
0.108
0.083
0.104
-0.094
-0.123
0.168
0.082
-0.048
-0.093
-0.080
0.061
0.057
0.097
0.066
-0.110
-0.093
0.028
0.027
-0.156
-0.055
0.004
-0.142
-0.056
-0.086
-0.016
0.049
-0.066
0.034
0.001
-0.084
-0.104
-0.034
0.106
-0.157
-0.148
0.070
-0.115
0.173
0.029
-0.035
-0.032
0.000
0.048
-0.038

461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
620
621
622
623
624
625
626

0.058
0.035
-0.071
0.059
0.043
-0.063
-0.073
-0.050
-0.043
0.053
0.139
0.038
-0.009
0.005
0.016
-0.103
-0.127
0.141
0.027
-0.102
0.040
0.062
-0.017
0.040
0.001
0.013
-0.013
-0.093
-0.072
-0.065
-0.012
0.018
0.025
0.029
-0.074
0.029
0.167
0.047
0.098
0.075
-0.010
-0.043
0.024
-0.089
-0.041
0.067

0.022
0.000
-0.031
-0.018
0.065
-0.014
-0.071
0.028
0.129
0.115
-0.058
-0.058
0.030
-0.054
0.031
0.187
0.084
-0.018
0.066
-0.042
0.117
0.075
0.091
0.130
0.099
-0.050
-0.021
0.074
0.049
0.048
0.044
0.052
-0.039
0.010
0.154
0.007
-0.067
-0.025
0.020
-0.094
-0.003
0.108
0.158
0.150
-0.019
-0.025

April 1999
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
800
801
802
803
804
805

0.040
0.134
0.068
0.062
0.130
0.007
-0.016
-0.001
-0.112
0.005
0.091
-0.033
-0.033
0.077
0.155
-0.001
-0.170
-0.144
-0.172
-0.098
-0.085
-0.010
0.138
0.103
-0.076
-0.005
-0.001
-0.017
-0.069
-0.077
0.047
0.106
0.129
-0.030
-0.113
-0.047
-0.021
0.038
-0.065
0.051
0.004
0.023
0.014
-0.050
-0.059
0.112

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

-0.085
0.034
-0.047
-0.033
0.109
-0.112
-0.171
0.065
0.105
-0.033
-0.019
0.137
0.125
0.019
0.034
-0.065
-0.079
0.112
0.064
0.025
-0.055
0.102
0.110
-0.026
0.053
0.058
0.061
0.078
0.011
0.006
-0.030
-0.030
-0.059
-0.130
-0.107
-0.068
0.010
0.003
-0.028
0.059
-0.016
-0.112
0.078
-0.198
-0.037
0.236

660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
820
821
822
823
824
825

0.006
-0.012
-0.029
-0.095
-0.002
0.035
-0.108
0.033
0.141
0.002
0.006
0.060
0.000
-0.065
-0.138
-0.118
0.055
-0.019
-0.117
0.091
0.207
-0.042
-0.043
0.029
-0.081
-0.068
0.005
0.081
0.006
-0.097
-0.103
-0.042
0.040
-0.094
-0.106
0.041
0.026
-0.016
-0.079
0.032
-0.031
-0.028
0.177
0.035
-0.130
0.041

-0.014
-0.122
0.006
-0.039
-0.030
0.098
-0.070
-0.055
0.043
0.028
0.000
-0.047
0.091
0.068
0.000
0.089
0.001
-0.099
-0.074
0.044
0.041
-0.063
-0.056
0.040
0.018
-0.016
-0.003
-0.203
-0.202
0.100
0.151
0.016
-0.087
-0.069
0.032
0.039
0.048
0.056
-0.023
-0.036
0.013
-0.046
-0.002
-0.035
-0.114
0.097

680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
840
841
842
843
844
845

0.072
-0.043
-0.022
-0.027
0.101
0.069
-0.032
0.101
0.071
-0.027
0.017
0.005
-0.073
-0.030
0.118
0.102
0.042
-0.008
-0.131
-0.048
0.129
-0.085
0.021
0.173
-0.134
-0.137
0.014
-0.085
0.100
0.158
-0.022
-0.008
-0.117
-0.047
0.043
-0.085
0.061
0.012
-0.017
0.138
0.064
-0.053
-0.064
-0.004
-0.024
-0.039

0.033
0.013
0.116
-0.017
-0.020
0.051
0.041
0.112
-0.079
-0.089
0.011
-0.078
-0.016
-0.087
-0.090
-0.046
-0.069
0.052
-0.054
0.011
0.009
-0.035
-0.055
-0.043
-0.026
-0.006
-0.103
-0.051
-0.010
-0.135
0.038
0.074
-0.024
0.108
-0.021
-0.022
0.160
0.031
0.015
0.130
0.016
0.100
-0.034
-0.016
0.080
-0.015

700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
860
861
862
863
864
865

0.068
0.017
-0.005
-0.033
0.020
0.134
0.068
0.062
0.130
0.007
-0.016
-0.001
-0.112
0.005
0.091
-0.033
-0.033
0.077
0.155
-0.001
-0.039
0.024
0.123
0.005
0.000
-0.010
0.138
0.103
-0.076
-0.005
-0.001
-0.017
-0.069
-0.077
0.047
0.106
0.129
-0.030
-0.113
-0.047
-0.069
-0.098
-0.126
-0.070
0.030
0.023

0.090
-0.092
0.098
0.055
-0.130
0.034
-0.047
-0.033
0.109
-0.112
-0.171
0.065
0.105
-0.033
-0.019
0.137
0.125
0.019
0.034
-0.065
0.089
-0.011
0.020
0.043
-0.031
0.102
0.110
-0.026
0.053
0.058
0.061
0.078
0.011
0.006
-0.030
-0.030
-0.059
-0.130
-0.107
-0.068
-0.025
-0.038
-0.060
0.116
-0.041
-0.112

April 1999
819

0.044

doc.: IEEE 802.11-99/107

-0.153

Table 24: The entire packet

839

0.126

0.026

859

-0.001

0.000

879
880

-0.045
0.014

-0.049
-0.593