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CAUTION
1) This manual applies only to CSC-162
2) Please read the manual carefully and with the specification of the
installation, adjustment, testing, operation and maintenance.
3) To prevent damage to equipment, dont plug-hot-plug any unit of the
equipment, touching the chips and components in printed circuit board.
4) Please use the testing equipment and devices which comply with the
relevant standards for test and detection.
5) If any abnormity occurred in the equipment or unusual maintenance
needed, promptly contact with the agents or our service hotline.
6) The operation password is: 8888.
WARNING
1) During hot-line operation of equipment ,certain parts of this equipment are
under high voltage. Severe personal injury or significant equipment
damage could result from improper behavior.
2) Only qualified personnel should work on this equipment or in vicinity of the
equipment. These persons must be familiar with warning & service
procedure described in this manual, as well as with safety regulations.
3) Prerequisites to proper & safety operation of the equipment are proper
storage, setup, installation, operation & maintenance of the equipment.
4) In particularly cases, the general rules & safety regulations according to
relating standards(e.g. IEC, National standards or other International
standards) for work with high voltage equipment must be observed.
COPYRIGHT
All rights reserved.
Registered trademark
are registered trademark of Beijing Sifang automation co., ltd.
CONTENTS
1.
Introduction
1.1
Application
1.2
Features
1.3
Functions
2.
Design
2.1
Mechanical structures
2.2 Dimensions
3.
Technical data
3.1
General data
3.2
Function data
4.
Hardware functions
4.1
Hardware arrangements
4.2 Operations of complete units
5
Protection functions
5.1
Whole structure of protection program
5.2 The protection basic elements
5.2
Monitoring functions
5.4 Other logic of pilot protection
5.5
Piolt protection
5.6
Four zones distance protection
5.7 Zero current protection
5.8 Direction over current protection
5.9 Over Voltage protection
5.10Under Voltage protection
5.11Breaker failure protection
5.12 Auto-reclose
5.13Broken conductor Function
5.
Installation and commissioning
6.1 Unpacking & repacking
6.2 Mounting
6.3 Check before power on
7. Operation
7.1 Safety precautions
7.2
Dialog with the equipment
7.3 Setting the functional parameters
7.4 Annunciations
7.5 Testing and comissioning
7.6 Commissioning using primary tests
7.7 Putting the equipment into operation
8. Maintenance
8.1
Routine Checks
8.2 Relacing the back-up battery
1
1
1
2
6
6
7
8
8
12
14
14
14
17
17
17
26
30
31
36
39
41
42
42
43
44
46
49
49
49
49
50
50
51
55
64
68
76
78
80
80
80
80
80
80
81
81
81
81
82
83
84
84
84
85
85
87
1. Introduction
1.1 Application
CSC-162 numerical transmission lines protection equipment applicable to 132kV
and lower voltage transmission lines. The product consists of primary protection
namely 4 zones distance protection, 1 stage Definite time and Inverse time zero
current protection, 1 stage Definite time and Inverse time over-current protection, 2
stages over-voltage protection, 2 stages under-voltage protection, circuit breaker
failure protection and three phase auto-re-close etc, as shown in Table.1-1.
Table.1-1 Main function and arrangement
Main function and arrangement
Definite
Definite
Over
Three
4 zones phasestime and
voltage
time and
Type
Circuit
phase
Phase distance and Inverse
and
inverse
breaker
Autoground distance
time
Under
time over
failure
Re-close
protection
zero Seq
voltage
current
current
CSC-162
1.2 Features
The equipment has characteristics as follows:
The microprocessor combined 32 bits DSP with MCU, high performance
hardware system ensures the parallel real-time calculation in all components of the
equipment.
Protective functions, man-machine interface and also communications functions
are completely independent in equipment. This improves the reliability and makes
debugging installation, maintenance easier.
Internal module is designed in such a way that a comprehensive real-time selfmonitoring is performed.
Dual A/D sampling in analog circuit, performing real time self-testing.
Latest checking methods are used which can detect coil performance in
energized circuit. Therefore failure of the relay is identified easily The equipment
provides periodical automatic testing.
Disturbance recorder with larger capacity, (memory up to 4M bytes), can record
more than 5 records. Optional event format or wave format is provided when the
records need to be printed. Fault wave disturbance records can be easily
extracted through serial port or Ethernet port and saved in COMTRADE format
1000 event records which are date and time tagged are stored in non volatile
memory to ensure that the data are not lost when DC supply fails.
The relay can record protection operating process, logic flow and various
calculated values. Our CSPC software can be used for viewing the above and also
the recorded fault data and for analyzing disturbance records via RS-232 serial
port on the relay front fascia
2-channel high speed reliable electric Ethernet ports (optional optical fiber
Ethernet ports), 2-channel Lon-Works ports, RS-485 port and series printing port
are provided; the user can select any of these according to the requirements. The
protocol supports IEC60870-5-103, IEC61850 or CSC-2000 of Sifang Company,
for interface with substation automatization system and protection management
information system.
Liquid crystal display with backlit is provided to display various messages such
as current, voltage, power, frequency, strip state, setting zones etc. The menu is
easy to operate. Four shortcut keys are set to finish operation with one key for
local operator.
1.3 Functions
Tele-Protection scheme (distance protection)
Distance protection is the primary protection for transmission line. Relay is suitable
for 2 types of channel aided schemes viz, permissive under reach mode and
permissive over reach mode. It consists of directional distance element, directional
zero-sequence and negative-sequence element. Directional distance element
consists of directional phase to earth distance element and phase to phase
distance element.
Distance protection (Z)
Both phase to phase distance protection and phase to earth distance protection
are provided in CSC-162 Distance protection protects the transmission line and
has a backup protection for the power system. This protection has four settable
zones; in addition, every zone can be enabled or dis-enabled via binary settings.
When VT fuse fails , distance scheme is blocked, thereby avoiding the maloperation.The distance characteristic is polygonal.
Power swing blocking (PSB)
In 150ms after the abrupt current startup element operates, or when power swing
startup element or zero-current startup element operates, the executing program
will directly go into the logic part of power swing blocking.
For asymmetric faults detection element, Zero-sequence and negative-sequence
current can distinguish fault from swing. The criterion is described as below.
|I0|>m1|I1| or I2>m2|I1|
2
For three-phase fault detection element, the method distinguishing fault from
power swing:
1. Within time , if R < K RMin (1800, TZMAX, ) is satisfied, it is determined that
fault occurs in power system.
2. Within time , if R K RMin (1800, TZMAX, ) is satisfied, it is determined that
swing occurs in power system.
Zero-current protection (3I0)
This protection function is a backup protection for the transmission lines and the
power system. The protection is one stage definite time 3I0>. The zero-current
protection Function can be enabled via binary settings.
Inverse time zero current protection (3I0_INV)
The directional element of inverse time zero current protection can be enabled or
disabled via binary settings. Its characteristic equation is as shown below;
T=
T 0 _ factor
+ T0_INV
Id
N0
(
) 1
3I 0 _ INV
Id - fault current.
T0_factor - Time factor of inverse time zero-current.
N0 - Index of inverse time zero-current.
3I0_INV - current setting of inverse time zero current.
T0_INV - delay time setting of inverse time zero current which can meet the
requirement that inverse time zero current co-operates with different protection.
Inverse curves can be obtained according to the following setting
N0=0.02 and T0_factor=0.14 Standard inverse (IEC Standard)
N0=1 and T0_factor=13.5 Very inverse
N0=2 and T0_factor=80 Extremity inverse.
Over current protection (OC)
This protection function is a backup protection for the transmission lines and the
power system. The protection is one stage definite time I>. The over-current
protection Function can be enabled via binary settings.
Inverse time over current protection (OC_INV)
The directional element of inverse time over current protection can be enabled or
disabled via binary settings. Its characteristic equation is as shown below;
T=
Toc _ factor
+ Toc_INV
Id
(
) Noc 1
Ioc _ INV
Id - fault current.
Toc_factor - Time factor of inverse time over current.
Noc - Index of inverse time over current.
2. Design
2.1 Mechanical structure
The modules can be combined through the bus on the rear board. Both the
equipment and the other system can be combined through the rear interfaces.
2.2 Dimensions
Dimension drawings for CSC-162 are shown in Fig.2-2.
3. Technical data
3.1 General data
3.1.1 Analog input and output
Nominal Frequency
50 Hz
Current Inputs
Rated current
IN
1 A or 5 A
Current Overload Capability per Current Input
-thermal (rms.)
2 IN continuously
10 IN10s
70 IN1s
Voltage Inputs
110/3
Rated Voltage
UN
Voltage Overload Capability in Voltage Path per Input
-thermal (rms)
1.2 UN continuously
1.4 UN 10s
3.1.2 Power supply
Voltage Supply
Rated auxiliary voltage UDC 110V DC
220V DC
Permissible voltage ranges
88V~121V
176V~242V
3.1.3 Binary inputs and outputs
Binary inputs
Variant
Quantity
CSC-162
19
Rated voltage range
110V/ 220V DC
Binary outputs
Variant
CSC-162
110V/ 220V DC
RS-232
electric
DB25
serial
9600bps
III
10m
Ethernet
electric
RJ45
serial
10/100Mbps
III
110m
RS-485
electric
twisted-pair
serial
9600bps~38400bps
III
1.2km
Functions supported by
this port
RS-232:Print
setting, fault
report,
waveform report
see setting,
fault report,
waveform
report
2 RS-485
2 Lonworks
CSC2000 or IEC
CSC2000
60870-5-103 or IEC
61850
electric
electric
twisted-pair
twisted-pair
9600bps~38400bps 78kbps
III
1.2km
III
1.3km
Note
3.1
rated burden
AC current
circuit 1VA
DL/T 478-2001
AC voltage circuit
0.5A
DC power supply
circuit: 50W
4 Thermal property
4.1
Thermal of short and
long time
5 Electrical insulation
5.1
Insulation resistance
100M
5.2
Insulation resistance in
dry heat
1.5M
5.3
Dielectric voltage
AC 2kV Ui63V
1kV Ui <63V
5.4
Impulse voltage
5kV Ui63V
1kV UI<63V
6 Mechanical property
6.1
Vibration
1 class
6.2
6.3
1 class
1 class
Shock
Bump
7 EMC
7.1
Burst disturbance
IEC 60255-5
2000
(GB/T 14598.3
-2006,IDT)
DL/T 478-2001
IEC 60255-5
2000
(GB/T 14598.3
-2006
,IDT
Specific
rating
defined by
Manufacturer
in IEC
60255-6
1988
No defined
in IEC602555
500V was
defined for
less then
63V in IEC
60255-5
IEC60255-21-1
(GB/T 112872000
,IDT)
IEC60255-21-2
(GB/T 145371993,IDT)
3 class
common mode
2.5kV,
differential mode
1.0kV
IEC 60255-22-1
(GB/T
14598.131998,IDT)
IEC 61000-4-12
Add 100kHz
harsh more
IEC6025522-1
7.2
ESD disturbance
7.3
Radiated
electromagnetic
disturbance
7.4
7.5
Surge disturbance
7.6
Conducted disturbance
of RF
Power frequency
magnetic field
disturbance
Pulse frequency
magnetic field
disturbance
Damped oscillatory
magnetic disturbance
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
interruptions in auxiliary
energizing quantities
Electromagnetic
emission
limits
8 safety
8.1
IP rating
IEC 60255-22-2
(GB/T 14598.14
-1998,IDT)
IEC 61000-4-2
3 class 10V/m
IEC 62505-22-3
(GB/T 14598.9
-2002,IDT)
IEC 61000-4-3
4 class
IEC60255-22-4
communication
(GB/T14598.10
port --2kV
-1996,IDT)
others ports--4kV IEC 61000-4-4
4 class
IEC 60255-22communication
5,
port --2kV
IEC 61000-4-5
others ports--4kV
3 class 10V
IEC 60255-22-6
IEC 61000-4-6
5 class 100A/m
IEC 61000-4-8
5 class 1000A/m
IEC 61000-4-9
5 class 100A/m
IEC 61000-4-10
50ms
GB/T 83671987
(eqv IEC6025511
IEC 61000-4-11
IEC 60255-25
(GB/T14598.16
-2002,IDT)
IP20
IEC 60529,
GB 16836-1997
IEC 602555:2000
GB 16836-1997
GB 16836-1997
7.11
8.2
Insulation cooperation
8.3
Maximum temperature
of material
Clearance
and creepage
distance
According with the
standard
10
Harsh more
3 class of
IEC 6025522-2
Harsh more
3 class of
IEC 6025522-4
Harsh more
3
Class of IEC
60255-22 -5
No defined
in IEC6025522
No defined
in IEC6025522
Actual up to
120A/m No
defined
in IEC 60255
-22
8.4
Flammability of
insulation materials
8.5
Protection against
Electric shock
9 Trip relay contact
9.1
Capacity of contact cut
out
9.2
Current of long time
V 0 class
IEC 60950
GB 16836-1997
I class
IEC 60536
GB 16836-1997
50W
5A
11
12
4. Hardware functions
4.1 Hardware arrangements
3
AC
4
5
6 7
8
9
10
11
CPU MASTER DI DO1 DO2 DO3 DO4 POWER
20
20
Digital Output4
20 20
Digital Output3
40
Digital Output2
20
Digital Output1
45
Digital Input
Manage
Relay
Alternating
current
20
35
13
14
15
5. Protection functions
5.1 Whole structure of protection program
Software of CPU protection includes main program, sampling interruption service
routine and fault detection routine.
Main program is running under normal operation to perform hardware self-testing,
setting solidified and transmission reports upward etc. Sampling interruption service
program is active in a sampling interval time to implement data sampled, wave
record and fault detected by abrupt current etc. Whenever the fault detector elements
operate, fault detection program is executed to run all protection logic and judge CT
circuit open or not etc. If any abnormal element is detected, a relevant alarm signal
and report will be given.
For the general alarm signals (ALARM II), only the signal is sent out to clue the
operator to examine and repair. For the serious alarm signal threatening the
protection security and reliability (ALARM I), once the signal is sent out, the
protection output circuit is blocked.
When fault occurs in power system, fault detection program does not return to the
main program until it has finished all relevant protection functions required to meet
the conditions of the whole reset.
5.2 The protection basic elements
5.2.1 Startup element
Startup element main function is to detect faults, start the protection relay and
energize positive power supply for the output relay. Once startup element operates, it
does not reset until the all activated conditions return to normal reset mode.
Startup element includes current abrupt startup, zero-sequence current startup, the
loss of static stability startup, low-voltage startup element in weak-source and
autoreclose startup element. The fault detection program is picked up and the
positive power supply for the output relay is energized when any startup element
operates.
5.2.1.1 Abrupt current of phase-phase element I
Abrupt current phase-phase element is the main startup element that can sensitively
detect most of faults. Its criterion is as follows
i> I_abrupt
Or 3i0> I_abrupt
where i= || iK- iK-T|-| i K-T - iK-2T || means AB,BC or CA, K is the
current sampling timingT=24 samples per cycle (K-T) is the sampling timing
before one cycle from timing K, (K-2T) the sampling timing before two cycles
from timing K,
3i0 is abrupt zero-current value,
I_abrupt is the setting value of abrupt current.
The abrupt current element operates when any phase-to-phase abrupt current
i or zero-sequence abrupt current 3i0 continuously exceed the setting I_abrupt.
16
17
++
+
+
++
IAB
IBC
++
++
ICA
++
++
IAB, IBC and ICA can be sorted into the biggest, the bigger and the smaller, then
the fault selection result can be implemented according to Tab.5-1.
5.2.2.2 Sequence current phase selector
Steady state sequence current phase selector mainly uses the angle relation of zeroand negative- sequence current to detect the fault phase with an additional method
based on phase-to-phase impedance.
Theoretical analysis have demonstrated that, compared with phasor I0a, I2a locates
at area of -30~+30when A-phase earth fault occurs or BC-phase earth fault does
with a smaller resistance, furthermore, I2a lags behind I0a close to 90 with the
resistance increasing. Six phasor areas can be divided according to the angle
relation of I2a/I0a as shown in Fig.5-1.
I 0a
+30
AN, BCN
ABN
- 30
BCN
+90
- 90
CN, ABN
BN, CAN
0
+150
CAN
- 150
(4) and (6). On the other hand, in phasor areas of (1), (3) and (5), there are singlephase and phase-to-phase both fault types which are always independent to each
other and can be differentiated by phase-to-phase impedance calculation. If phaseto-phase impedance is bigger than its setting, then phase-to-phase fault is
impossible, single-phase-ground fault can be confirmed, otherwise phase-to-phase
fault will be done.
5.2.2.3 Low voltage phase selector
Low voltage phase selector mainly meets phase selection of the relay fixed at weaksource end where both of the above phase selectors can not select faulted phase. If
VT circuit does not open, low voltage phase selector can be put into operation. Its
criterion is as below.
a) Any one of phase voltage is less than 30V and other two phases voltage are
larger than 50V, then the single phase with lower voltage is decided.
b) If phase-to-phase voltage is less than 30V phase-to-phase fault is decided.
5.2.3 Distance element
Distance protection consists of measuring unit and directional unit.
5.2.3.1 Operating characteristics of distance element
Every zone of the distance element is of the polygonal characteristics as shown in
Fig.5-2. For 4 zones phase-to-phase distance relay, RDZ and XDZ of zone 1, 2,3 and
4 is respectively set to R1_pp, R2_pp, R3_pp, R4_pp, X1_pp, X2_pp, X3_pp and
X4_pp. For 4 zones phase-to-ground distance relay, RDZ and XDZ of zone 1, 2, 3
and 4 is respectively set to R1_pe, R2_pe, R3_pe, R4_pe, X1_pe, X2_pe, X3_pe
and X4_pe.
Where XDZ is set according to the protected range and RDZ is set according to
avoiding load impedance (under general instance), which meets different
requirements to enhance the resistive tolerance to high path fault resistance for short
line and to improve the ability of avoiding load impedance for long line. The
reactance line of polygon is inclined to an obliquitous angle 7(as shown in Fig.5-2)
to enhance the ability to prevent the relay from overreaching at forward external
faults.
When fault occurs after reclose or manual close, based on the characteristics shown
in Fig.5-2, the impedance operating characteristics includes a small rectangle area at
the center of coordinates as shown in Fig.5-3. This is called impedance-offset
characteristics that can ensure that faults near the bus can be reliably cleared. Zone
3 of distance element has offset characteristics when three-phase fault occurs.
19
Fig.5-2
Fig.5-3
20
l
m
forward
81
81
18
3U0
reverse
21
l
m
forward
81
81
18
3U2
reverse
22
jX
Rf
Zm
Tz
b
(a) Measuring resistance Rm. changing with time (b) the track of measuring
impedance on R-X plane
Fig.5-6 The trajectory of measuring impedance during power swing
Rm( t )
Rf
Rk
O
t1
t2
t3
Fig.5-7 The trajectory of pre- and post-fault measuring resistance changing with
time
b) When fault occurs on the protected line, resistance component of measuring
impedance maybe changes due to electric arc elongated, but analysis and
calculation show that changing rate of arc resistance is far less than that of
resistance corresponding to the possibly biggest swing period noted up to the
present. After short circuit, measuring resistance is resistance RK of short
circuit, whose value hardly changes or almost keeps invariability, as shown in
23
180
Rmin
/2
24
zero, U a + U b + U c >7V(r.m.s)
This is used to detect one phase or two phases circuit open.
Criterion b: When VT is connected to bus, if any phase voltage Ua, Ub or Uc is
less than 8V, VT fuse fail is confirmed
When VT is connected to line, if any phase voltage Ua, Ub or Uc is less than
8V, and any phase current is larger than 0.04In or circuit breaker (CB) is in the
closed state, VT fuse fail is confirmed
The additional current condition of criterion b is to avoid undesired alarms before CB
is switched on when VT is on the line side. The additional condition which CB is in
the closed state is to avoid that the system can be unable to give an alarm in case of
loss of voltage for three phases when the line current is too small (for example, CB
lying at another terminal of the line is off).
When VT circuit is opened, VT Fail is reported, and all distance units, negative
sequence directional unit, abrupt directional element, directional over current unit and
zero current unit with direction are forbidden to operate. Measure voltage will be
continuously supervised in order that each element can be automatically put into the
operation again as soon as the voltage returns to the normal.
VT Fail judge logic is shown below in Fig.5-9:
25
Relay startup
3U0 >7V
&
AND2
VT FAIL
&
AND1
NO DI CB
OPEN
1
OR1
1
OR2
VT_bus
Relay test
&
AND3
&
AND5
Ia(b,c) >
0.04In
&
AND4
Ua(b,c) < 8V
26
27
b) The sampled data can be checked with each other in real time due to the
redundancy of double A/D channel for one analog quality. If the difference between
two channels exceeds the setting limit, one of the double channels is regarded as
fault one.
c) Each I/O module performs self-testing during power-up and real-time self-tests.
Self-testing checks input channel, output channel, memories and code areas etc.
Self-testing of input channel is performed by bit changing simulation. Self-testing of
output channel includes coil tests and outer circuit tests. The tests are very thorough
with wide range, if any failure is confirmed, alarm is given.
d) Real-time self-testing of communication ports. CPU module and MASTER module
perform real-time self-tests of communication among all kinds of function modules.
When interrupt communication is detected, alarm is given.
e) MASTER module performs self-testing at power-up and real-time self-testing that
check memories, program areas and relevant communication with the outside. If any
abnormal event is detected, alarm will be given. The setting and strap messages
stored in this module are checked with each other.
f) Real-time supervision for DC power supply.
g) CRC checks for the setting etc.
5.3.2 switch-on-to-fault protection (SOTF)
The input of auxiliary tripping contact of CB lasts 10s, later I operates, and then the
system regards this condition as manual closure of the CB. If no fault is detected, 1s
later, the whole system resets. If fault is detected, instantaneous trip function put into
operation.
Distance relay use impedance element to detect fault, zero-current relay operates
with 100ms delay, when fault occurs during switch-on-to-fault.
When switch-on-to-fault line occurs, if the binary setting of distance relay is enabled,
the distance relay will accelerate to operate. Six loops of impedance will be
calculated, if any of them is located in the area of operating characteristics with offset
region, the distance relay trips with no delay time.
5.3.3 Tripping after automatic reclose
If the fault still exists after automatic reclose, then the protective elements will re-trip
the circuit breaker.
The equipment requires three auxiliary tripping contacts of segregated phase
respectively as three binary inputs. For 3/2 bus connection scheme, each phase
tripping contacts of two breakers must be series at first, and then the series contacts
of each phase are connected to the corresponding binary input of the equipment.
When the equipment has detected CB opened, and any phase current is larger than
0.1In(three-phase reclose mode) or the input of auxiliary tripping contact disappears,
the equipment thinks that line has reclosed.
28
29
30
signal is sent out to the remote to permit the remote trip. If it is external fault that
occurs on line, the forward directional element of one end of the line operates and
does not receive permissive signal while that of another end of the line does not
operate and receive permissive signal, therefore, both ends cant trip.
a) Internal fault
<Startup element>operates, relay trip for meeting following condition.
1) Instantaneous trip if Zone 1 Operation
2) Zone 2 + permission Signal from Remote end for 5ms.
Zone 2 operates that permissive signal is sent out to the remote.
b) External Fault
Because the directional element near fault detects reverse direction, it does not send
permissive signal to the remote. Although the remote relay can send signal, it cannot
receive the remote permissive signal, therefore, both of two sides do not trip.
c) Power flow reversing for external fault
The method to resolve this problem for the relay is that the relay sends signal with
40ms delay time when the directional element operates from the reverse to the
forward to avoid the period in which both sides are forward direction, and then both
sides trip after sending signal is confirmed with 15ms delay when internal fault occurs
again.
d) Protection schemes for feeder
The binary setting Feeder_FUNC is enabled.
1. For feeder end, abrupt current startup element cannot operates, the logic of the
low voltage is startup:
If the relay at feeder end receives the remote permissive signal and <low voltage
element> operates, relay startup.
2. For feeder end, abrupt current startup element operates, the operating logic of
the relay is as below.
Within 200ms after protection pickup, if <low voltage element> operates, both the
forward and reverse directional element at feeder end do not operate, and the
permissive signal has been received for 5ms, (sending signal) lasted for 120ms to
ensure the relay at power source end trips quickly, feeder end can also trip.
e) The protection is not picked up, receives the remote signal < CARR
RECEIVED > and there are < CB OPEN >, (send signal) can be done for 200ms to
ensure the remote pilot protection operates reliably.
31
&
AND-1
&
AND-4
OR-2
Relay reset
Zone 2
operation
&
Delay time
5ms
CARR
Received
CARR Send
signal
AND-5
&
&
AND-2
AND-3
&
AND-6
Trip three
phase
Single fault
&
Multiphase
fault
AND-7
Three
phase fault
&
AND-8
&
Low voltage
AND-9
|0
Trip three
phase
Permenent
trip
120|
CB OPEN
OR-1
&
AND11
|0
200|
Because the directional element near fault detects reverse direction, it does not send
permissive signal to the remote. Although the remote relay can send signal, it cannot
receive the remote permissive signal, therefore, both of two sides do not trip.
c) Power flow reversing for external fault
The method to resolve this problem for the relay is that the relay sends signal with
40ms delay time when the directional element operates from the reverse to the
forward to avoid the period in which both sides are forward direction, and then both
sides trip after sending signal is confirmed with 15ms delay when internal fault occurs
again.
d) Protection schemes for feeder
The binary setting Feeder_FUNC is enabled.
(1) For feeder end, abrupt current startup element cannot operates, the logic of
the low voltage is startup:
If the relay at feeder end receives the remote permissive signal and <low voltage
element> operates, relay startup.
(2) For feeder end, abrupt current startup element operates, the operating logic of
the relay is as below.
Within 200ms after protection pickup, if <low voltage element> operates, both the
forward and reverse directional element at feeder end do not operate, and the
permissive signal has been received for 5ms, (sending signal) lasted for 120ms to
ensure the relay at power source end trips quickly. Feeder end can also trip.
e) The protection is not picked up, receives the remote signal < CARR
RECIEVED > and there are < CB OPEN >, (send signal) can be done for 200ms to
ensure the remote pilot protection operates reliably.
33
&
AND-1
&
AND-4
OR-2
Relay reset
CARR Send
signal
Zone 1
operation
Zone 2
operation
Delay time
5ms
CARR
Received
&
AND-5
&
&
AND-2
AND-3
Trip three
phase
&
AND-6
Single fault
AND-7
Three
phase fault
Permenent
trip
&
AND-8
&
Low voltage
Trip three
phase
&
Multiphase
fault
AND-9
|0
120|
CB OPEN
OR-1
&
|0
AND11
200|
B/LBB OPTD
Output
200
Direct trip
RECV
Direct trip
send
Direct trip
RECV
34
35
Item
Zone
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 4
Tab. 5-4
binary setting
Z_PS
Trip mode
blocking
Blocked /
Three phase trip
unblocked
Blocked /
Trip_no AR
unblocked
Blocked /
Trip_no AR
unblocked
Blocked /
Trip_no AR
unblocked
trip control
the setting of
Z1_FUNC
the setting of
Z2_FUNC
the setting of
Z3_FUNC
the setting of
Z4_FUNC
36
Four zones distance relay dont consider power swing blocking after abrupt
current startup for the setting T_PS NOBLOCKING.
e) Permanent trip for three-phase fault:
Relay will permanent trip for three-phase fault.
f) Switch-on-to- fault: If any impedance lies in the area of zone 1, zone 2, zone
3, relay permanent trip immediately.
I_PS start
up
Zerosequence
current
startup
Current
change
startup
Fault detect
swing
unblocking
Z1(2,3,4)_PS
blocking
OR-1
&
AND-4
|150
0|
&
AND-1
OR-3
&
AND-2
OR-2
&
AND-5
Forward
direction
&
&
AND-3
AND-6
VT fail
&
&
SOTF
Trip three
phase
AND12
AND-8
OR-4
Zone 1 -pe
Trip three
phase
&
AND-9
Zone
-pp
Single1 fault
&
Three
phase fault
Zone 2
AND10
|T2
0|
OR-7
Zone 3
|T3
Zone 4
|T4
0|
OR-6
0|
37
&
AND11
Permenent
trip
T=
T0_factor
+ T0_INV
Id
N0
(
) 1
3I0_INV
38
Tripping mode
controlled by setting
Definite time of
zero current
permanent trip
Inverse time of
zero current
the
setting3I0_INV
DIR is on or off
permanent trip
Item
stage
Output
control
the setting of
3I0_FUNC
the setting of
3I0_INV
FUNC
SOTF
3I0 FUNC
3I 0> 3I 0
&
| T0 |
3I0_INV FUNC
OR-3
Permenent
trip
3I0
|T_INV |
&
3I0_INV DIR
Forward
direction
&
&
VT fail
CT fail
|12s
CT fail
0|
ALARM
39
IA
UBC
IB
UCA
IC
UAB
U
30
40
T=
Toc _ factor
+ Toc_INV
Id
Noc
(
) 1
Ioc _ INV
OC FUNC
I > I oc_pe
&
| Toc
OC_INV FUNC
I
Permenent
trip
| T_INV |
&
OC_INV DIR
Forward
direction
&
&
VT fail
Note: I
is phase current of Ia,Ib,Ic.
permanent trip.
OV1_FUNC
U>OV1_pe
OV2_FUNC
U>OV2_pe
Tov1_pe
&
&
Permenent
trip
Tov2_pe
Note: U
is phase voltage of Ua,Ub,Uc.
&
UV1_FUNC
&
I>0.1In
Tuv1_pe
&
VT fail
Initiate AR
UV2_FUNC
&
&
U<UV2_pe
Permenent
trip
Tuv2_pe
Note: U
is phase voltage of Ua,Ub,Uc.
the device. Fig.5-18 shows the operating principle. When the trip signal appears from
any internal or external protection and at least one current is larger than I_CBF, the
breaker failure protection is initiated and the corresponding delay time T_CBF is
START 3-PH CBF. When three-phase circuit breaker failure start up, single-phase
circuit breaker failure will be started up.
Relay trip
DI of Start CBF
3-PH
CBF_ FUNC
IA>I_CBF
IB>I_CBF
IC>I_CBF
&
T_CBF
3P_CBF startup
43
c. No check: Whatever the line voltage and bus bar voltage are, autoreclose is
performed.when relay only enable AR_3p mode,and dont select any reclose
mode of AR_No check, AR_check low U and AR_check Syn,then relay think
it is in AR_No check mode .
Note : (1)The threshold of low voltage check is 17V of rated voltage and that of
voltage check is 40V of rated voltage, the angle of synchronism check
can be set.
(2)The voltage phases of synchronism check or low voltage check need
not be set, as the protection system can automatically identify, that is to
say, if autoreclose check mode is set to synchronism check or no-voltage
check, the voltage phases is identified according to the voltage from the
bus and line. When CB is closed, if the voltage phases whose voltage
can be satisfied with synchronism check cant be found, SYN Voltage
Err is alarmed, and A-phase voltage is regarded as the synchronism
voltage.
The voltages provided for the relays are always from the bus VT, so the
reference voltage is referred to the voltage at terminal Ux for low voltage
check or synchronism check.
(3) When three check modes of autoreclose are all disenabled, the faceplate
of LCD displays: check mode: No check.
5.12.3 Charge and discharge of autoreclose
To avoid repetitious autoreclose, a special timer with charging interval for the setting
T_Reclaim is set to perform the function of charge and discharge. Only after charge
has been finished, autoreclose is enabled while charge is not finished, autoreclose is
disenabled.
a) The charge time counter starts when the following conditions are satisfied.
(1) There is no input of CB OPEN.
(2) The startup elements of autoreclose do not operate.
(3) No input of blocking autoreclose.
b) The charge time counter is reset when the following conditions are satisfied.
(1) External signals of blocking reclose are received.
(2) Discharge is performed when the reclose command is output.
(3) There is no input of CB OPEN or INITIATE 3PH A/R when charge is not
finished.
(4)During autoreclose startup, the opened phase has current.
5.12.4 Autoreclosure pickup
Two kinds of pickup mode are set by relay internal trip, digital input of other relay trip
or the auxiliary contacts of CB.
a) Auto re-close startup caused by other relay trip
Input terminal INITIATE 3PH A/R. The relay must return immediately after a
successful tripping and reclosure is started after the contacts return from the close
position.
44
b) Internal tripping signals have pick up autoreclose, therefore, the input terminal
for INITIATE 3PH A/R which need not be connected again from external contacts.
Only distance zone 1 and pilot relay operate to startup reclose. Other relays operate
to block AR.
c) Autoreclose shot caused by the auxiliary contacts of CB
Autoreclose shot caused by the auxiliary contacts of CB is mainly considered for CB
occasional mal-open. The CB occasional mal-open of three-phase can be set by the
control word to decide whether to pick up reclose or not.
In addition, no accelerated contacts are given after successful reclose caused by the
auxiliary contacts of CB.
5.12.5 Reclose
When autoreclose is picked up, the following functions are performed before reclose
signal output.
a) Continue to detect the digital input of A/R BLOCK. If it is received, time
counter of charging will be cleared, and the program of autoreclose will be reset.
b) Voltage check is performed according to the setting of voltage and
synchronism check, if voltage condition is not satisfied, the counter of time delay
of autoreclose is cleared.
c) If reclose command is sent out, autoreclose module is reset in 4s.
When autoreclose is picked up, the discharging conditions are satisfied,
autoreclose module is reset immediately and reclose is disabled.
If it is caused by unsatisfied synchronism conditions or the others that reclose can
not be performed successfully, autoreclose model will be reset with a certain time
delay. Under three-phase autoreclose mode, it is the setting delay of three-phase
autoreclose +12s.
The voltages provided for the CSC-162protection system are always from the bus
VT, so the reference voltage is referred to the voltage at terminal Ux for novoltage check or synchronism check. If the line voltages and bus voltages are all
larger than the value of voltage setting, the check mode is automatically turned to
synchronism check.
5.12.6 Blocking AR condition
Relay will block reclose when any conditions occur, at the same time, it gives output
of AR Lockout Alarm.
a) Distance zone 1 operates when equipment has digital input of CARRIER
FAIL.
b) Distance zone 1 or pilot operates when the fault occur again after reclosing .
c) Distance zone 1 or pilot operates when equipment has digital input of A/R
BLOCK .
45
AR_CB3
&
CB OPEN
INITIATE
3PH A/R from
1 to 0
Distance trip
&
T3p_AR
AR_3p mode
AR_No check
AR_check Syn
&
&
A/R BLOCK
46
Reclose
&
CB OPEN
T_BROKEN COND
47
Report&Alarm
When dispatched from the factory, the equipment is packed in accordance with
the guidelines laid down in IEC 60255-21, which specifies the impact resistance
of packaging. This packing shall be removed with care, without force to the
equipment and without the use of inappropriate tools.
The equipment should be visually checked to ensure that there are no external
traces of damage. Verify that the conformity certificates, matched documents,
accessories are consistent with the order requirements, and ensure that the type,
nameplate, numbers of the equipments are perfect and consistent with
encasement sheet.
The transport packing can be re-used for further transport when applied in the
same way. The storage packing of the individual equipments is not suited to
transport. If alternative packing is used, this must also provide the same degree
of protection against mechanical shock, as laid down in IEC 60255-21-1 class 2
and IEC 60255-21-2 class 1.
Before initial energization with supply voltage, the equipment shall be situated in
the operating area for at least two hours in order to ensure temperature
equalization and to avoid humidity influences and condensation.
6.2 Mounting
Pull out all the modules, check-up whether the mechanical structure accessory on
the board becomes flexible or there are mechanical damages and whether the
wiring is fastness.
Check the man-machine interface is connected with faceplate reliable.
Check the type tag of the equipment on faceplate, the lighting tag, backboard
terminal figure, terminal number tag and nameplate label of the equipment is
intact and right.
Each module withdrawal and insertion are flexible, spaces between module and
plug slot are suitable right, and the insertion depth is satisfied. Verify the lock-up
is reliable. The slice of current connecter for short circuit ought to be opened
reliably when module is inserted.
Test insulation resistance in turn between analog circuits and ground, and the
circuits to each others every resistance must not be less than 100 M.
48
Rating voltage
+5
+12
12
+24
Permissive range
4.85.2
1113
1113
2226
7. Operation
7.1 Safety precautions
During the equipment tests and start-up, the general safety regulations applicable to
electrical systems must be complied with. Failure to comply with these regulations
might cause harm to the working staff and damage to property. All the inspections
and tests must only be carried out by specially trained personnel.
Check the enclosure shell has been grounded reliably and maintain electric
continuity to earth.
The general safety regulations applicable to equipments must be strictly complied
with.
Insert or pull out models must be strictly prohibited during the equipment tests
and operation.
During operation, nobody is allowed to press the keyboard on the panel
optionally.
During operation, nobody is allowed to operate the following commands:
Test DO;
Modification and write settings;
Set up numbers of running CPU;
Change setting zone;
Change address used communication net.
49
CSC 1
- 62
Run
Oper at i on
Recl ose
Not Used
Not Used
Not Used
Not Used
Al ar m
F1
QUI T
F2
F3
F4
SET
SI O
QUI T
Press this key for loop display. Current screen can be fixed to be displayed
(there is a key mark on the right corner of screen, viz. orientating current screen),
press again to cancel orientating function. Press this key during menu operation to
cancel current operation to return the upper menu. Press this key to return normal
display state to operate other key.
50
and
and
: to change content.
RESET : Used to reset LED of signal and output , return to loop display state.
51
When alarm I (serious alarm) is issued, this light flash and all protections are
out of service, power supply for protection output is blocked.
7.2.4 Menu structure
Loop display of screen panel in sequence is: year-month-day, hour: minute:
second, Ia, Ib, Ic, 3I0, Ua, Ub, Uc,Ux, P, Q and phasor angle, enabled, current setting
zone, channel state.
Panel display includes loop display, main menu, debugging menu for leaving
factory and window of initiative transporting report.
Main menu has 10 terms in total as shown in Tab.7.1-1. Press SET to enter into
main menu during loop display. Default operation password is 8888.
Tab.7.1-1
Main
menu
Sub-menu 1
Sub-menu 2
AI
Ia, Ib, Ic, 3I0,IN,Ua, Ub, Uc, Ux, IaR, IbR, IcR, 3I0R
Status
OpStatus
Version
Equipcod
DI
Settings
Measure
Impen.Z
ProtSet
ProtContWd
EquipPara
CommPara
CommAddr
Query
Report
EventRpt
Time Made
BaudR485
Latest Rpt
52
Explanation
Select CPU
number at first
Display magnitude
Provide for debug
worker and
engineer to view
Display current
state of inputs
open or close
Display magnitude
and phasor
Complex number,
display magnitude
Input password
firstly
NOT USED
Setup with ISN or
CSPC
can not be set to
0, if connected
with protocol of
CSN, extension
address of
Ethernet 2 is:
10.10.6.124
Optional network
mode, pulse
based on GPS
Use UP or DOWN
to select
Press SET to view
AlarmRpt
StartRpt
Log
Setup
SOEReset
Protocol
SetPrint
Last 6 Rpts
QueryRpt by Date
Last 6 Rpts
QueryRpt by Date
Latest Rpt
Last 6 Rpts
QueryRpt by Date
Last 6 Rpts
QueryRpt by Date
Manual
Receive reset command to reset SOE
Reset
Automatic
Receive reset command to reset SOE
Reset
automatically in 10s
V1.20 Protocol
V1.10 Protocol
RecPrt
Setup
103Type
ModifyPW
ProtSet
EquipPara
Report
Setup
Status
Set Time
Current
Set
Contrast
Test effect
AI
Version
Equipcode
DI
PrtMeasure
PrtSample
Test DO
53
Set function
coding of
IEC60870-5-103
Password of
leaving factory:
8888
Connect the
printer
Input password at
first
Use or to
select
Input password at
first
Press QUIT+SET to enter into debugging menu for leaving factory. Input debugging
password, the menu is presented with 8 categories. Select one category to press
SET, more notation is given as shown in Tab.7.1-2.
Tab.7.1-2
Name
Setup CPU
View memory
Clear
configuration
Configure
system
System option
Setup Panel
LED
Setup Panel
back-light
Function
CPU1, CPU2CPU8
View CPU: MASETR
View type: EEPROM
Original address: 0000000
View length: 32
Prompt Are you sure to clear
configuration?
Remarks
Use UP or DOWN
Press SET
Back-light always on
Setup delay of back-light 00: 05 :00
54
7.3.1
The setting procedure can be ended at any the time by the key SET or QUIT. If
you press the key SET, the display shows the question choose setting zone. The
range of setting zone is from 0 to 31. Confirm with the setting zone-key SET those
new settings shall be come valid now. If you press the key QUIT instead, all
alterations which have been changed since the last. Thus, erroneous alterations can
be made ineffective.
Abbr.
(LCD Display)
I_abrupt
Meaning
Unit
Setting range
Line length
Abrupt current
Through current detect
power swing
Zero-sequence reactance
compensation factor
Zero-sequence resistance
compensation factor
Zero-sequence reactance
compensation factor for
double line
Positive reactance of whole
line
Positive resistance of
whole line
Line length
U_PRIMARY
kV
30~300
10
CT_PRIMARY
CT_SECOND
ARY
kA
0.3~5
1 or 5
0.01~200
0.01~300
0.01~200
0.01~300
0.01~200
0.01~300
0.01~200
3
4
I_PS
Kx
Kr
5
Km
6
7
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
X_line
R_line
R1_pe
X1_pe
R2_pe
X2_pe
R3_pe
X3_pe
R4_pe
55
A
A
0.01~20
0.5~100
No
0~8
No
0~8
No
0~8
0.01~200
0.01~200
km
0.1~999
X4_pe
T2_pe
T3_pe
T4_pe
R1_pp
X1_pp
R2_pp
X2_pp
R3_pp
X3_pp
R4_pp
X4_pp
T2_pp
T3_pp
T4_pp
T_PS
NOBLOCKING
Reactance of Z4 ground
distance relay
Delay time of Z2 ground
distance relay
Delay time of Z3 ground
distance relay
Delay time of Z4 ground
distance relay
Resistance of phase-phase
Reactance of 1st ph-ph
distance relay
Resistance of phase-phase
Reactance of 2nd ph-ph
distance relay
Resistance of phase-phase
Reactance of 3rd ph-ph
distance relay
Resistance of phase-phase
Reactance of 4th ph-ph
distance relay
Delay time of 2nd ph-ph
distance relay
Delay time of 3rd ph-ph
distance relay
Delay time of 4th ph-ph
distance relay
Time Power Swing no
blocking
0.01~300
0~10
0~10
0~10
0.01~200
0.01~300
0.01~200
0.01~300
0.01~200
0.01~300
0.01~200
0.01~300
0~10
0~10
0~10
0.5~25
0.1~100
0~10
0.05~100
no
0.01~1000
No
0.01~8
0~10
(degre
e)
10~50
0~10
5~25
1~120
1~120
0~60
35
3I0
36
T0
37
3I0_INV
38
39
40
T0_factor
N0
T0_INV
41
_AR
42
43
T3p_ AR
T_Reclaim
44
OV1_pe
45
OV2_pe
46
Tov1_pe
zero-sequence current
Delay time of zerosequence current
Current of inverse time
zero- sequence current
relay
Time factor of inverse time
zero-current
Index of inverse time zerocurrent
Delay of inverse time zerocurrent
56
Tov2_pe
48
UV1_pe
49
UV2_pe
50
51
Tuv1_pe
Tuv2_pe
52
Ioc_pe
53
Toc_pe
54
55
Ioc_INV
Toc_factor
56
57
58
59
60
61
Noc
Toc_INV
I_CBF
T_CBF
3I2_BROKEN
COND
T_BROKEN
COND
0~60
1~60
1~60
0~60
0~60
0.05~100
0~10
0.05~100
no
0.01~1000
No
0.01~8
0~10
0.1~100
0~2
0.2~10
1~10
b) Binary setting
The following Binary setting can be set on or off.
Tab.7-4
NO.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Name
VT_line
VT_bus
CBF_FUNC
OC_FUNC
OC_INV FUNC
OC_INV DIR
OV1_FUNC
OV2_FUNC
UV1_FUNC
UV2_FUNC
BROKEN COND_FUNC
Feeder_FUNC
PUR mode
Setting describe
Connect to line VT
Connect to bus VT
Operating mode breaker FAIL protection
Operating mode over current protection.
Operating mode inverse time over current
protection.
Directional element of inverse time over current
Operating mode Vph-e > over voltage protection
Operating mode Vph-e >> over voltage
protection
Operating mode Vph-e < Under voltage
protection
Operating mode Vph-e << Under voltage
protection
Broken Conductor function enabled
Weak-source function enabled
Permissive Under reach mode enabled
57
NO.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
Name
POR mode
Z1_FUNC
Z2_FUNC
Z3_FUNC
Z4_FUNC
Reverse_Z4
Forward_Z4
Z1_PS blocking
Z2_PS blocking
Z3_PS blocking
Z4_PS blocking
3I0_FUNC
3I0_INV FUNC
3I0_INV DIR
AR_3p mode
AR_No check
AR_check low U
AR_check Sync
AR_CB3
Setting describe
Permissive Over reach mode enabled
Operating mode first zone distance protection
Operating mode second zone distance protection
Operating mode third zone distance protection
Operating mode fourth zone distance protection
Fourth zone distance relay is settable for reverse
Fourth zone distance relay is settable for forward
Blocking first zone distance relay when power
swing
Blocking second zone distance relay when power
swing
Blocking third zone distance relay when power
swing
Blocking fourth zone distance forward relay when
power swing
Operating mode zero current protection.
Operating mode inverse time zero current
protection.
Directional element of inverse time zero current
Operating mode three-phase reclose protection.
Automatic reclosure without checking
Automatic reclosure lower voltage check enabled
Automatic reclosure synchronization check
enabled
Reclosing caused 3-pole occasional opened
enabled
1) The setting values are all secondary values if there is no special note.
Impedance setting is set according to positive impedance of line. Zerosequence current is 3I0.
2) I_abrupt: 0.2In is commonly recommended.
3) In general, the primary value of settings I_abrupt, I_PS must be consistent
of both sides of one line. However, for some special instance, if the sensitivity
difference between protections of both sides is too large, the settings of both
sides may also be different.
4) I_PS: Set by avoiding the maximum load current.
5) Reactance compensation factor: Calculated based on the actual line
parameters, setting value ought to be less than or close to calculation value.
KX = (X0-X1 ) / 3X1
6) Resistance compensation factor: Calculated based on the actual line
parameters, setting value ought to be less than or close to calculation value.
58
59
with sensitivity and the matched requirements for terminal faults that protect
equipment locate line.
18) Reactance and delay time of 4th ground distance relay: Set to be satisfied
with sensitivity and the matched requirements for terminal faults that protect
equipment locate line.
19) Zone 1 Resistance of earth distance: Set to avoid load impedance. As the
setting range of ph-ph resistance component is usually set to be rather large
due to avoiding load impedance, resistance setting employed by 1st zone phph distance relay is lessened relatively on the basis of its set setting, whose
basic principle is that it is set according to ph-ph fault with 15 path
resistance near bus for short line and not being larger than half setting of 1st
zone ph-ph reactance for long line. The detail calculation is shown as below.
Rx = min{ R1_pp, max{ X1_pp/2, 15/LZ+ R_line }, 8 X1_pp }
Where, R1 actual used setting of 1st zone ph-ph resistance
R1_ppset setting of ph-ph resistance
X1_ppset setting of 1st zone ph-ph reactance
LZ: Convert coefficient of primary impedance and secondary impedance.
Compare between ratio of VT and that of CT. Resistance 25 is referred to
the primary value.
R_line resistance component of positive impedance of full line
8XX1 the point of intersection created by down bias of impedance
characteristics at the first quadrant and axis R in complex plane.
Note: R1 is obtained by the relay itself calculation according to the above
formula.
20) Reactance of 1st ph-ph distance relay: according to 0.8~0.85 times of
positive reactance of full line, it must be lessened properly for lines with
mutual inductance.
21) Reactance and delay time of 2nd ph-ph distance relay: Set to be satisfied
with sensitivity and the matched requirement for terminal fault that protect
equipment locate line.
22) Reactance and delay time of 3rd ph-ph distance relay: Set to be satisfied
with sensitivity and the matched requirement for terminal fault that protect
equipment locate line.
23) Reactance and delay time of 4th ph-ph distance relay: Set to be satisfied with
sensitivity and the matched requirement for terminal fault that protect
equipment locate line.
24) T_PS NOBLOCKING: Time Power Swing no blocking. Distance trip that it
dont need open condition after relay startup for T_PS NOBLOCKING.
60
25) Current of the zero-current relay: Set to avoid the maximum zero-current at
ground fault of current line end.
26) Settings of inverse time zero-current relay: Standard inverse time curve is
recommended.
27) _AR: The permissive biggest phase differences between bus voltage and
line voltage under synchronization check mode.
28) Current threshold of zero-current auxiliary pickup element need not be set
independently, which is created automatically considering sensitivity
coefficient according to the minimum of the settings of fourth stage of zerocurrent and pilot zero-current.
29) I_CBF: Startup Current of Breaker FAIL, The setting is phase current.
7.3.1.3 Explain of binary setting
abrupt current startup element has been operating for 150ms or loss of
stability detector operates. If the bit is set to off, zone distance relay is
enabled from startup to whole system reset.
7) Zero protection function enabled: definite time and inverse time zero current
can separately enabled.
8) Inverse time zero-current direction enabled: If this bit is set to on, inverse
time zero-current trip when fault occur at forward direction. If this bit is set to
off, inverse time zero-current can trip whatever fault occurs at forward
direction or inverse direction.
9) Over current protection function enabled: definite time and inverse time over
current can separately enabled.
10) Inverse time over current direction enabled: If this bit is set to on, inverse
time over current trip when fault occur at forward direction. If this bit is set to
off, inverse time over current can trip whatever fault occurs at forward
direction or inverse direction.
11) Bits of no check enabled, lower voltage check enabled and synchronization
check enabled: All of these three modes are autoreclosure check modes, if
anyone of them is set to on, the others must be set to off.
7.3.2 Communication parameters
The communication parameters of CSC-162series system are all the same.
Each meaning of them and their setup methods are shown in Tab.7-5.
Tab.7-5
No.
01
Parameter
Current setting zone
Range
00~31
Setup method
Use <<+>>and << >>
keys on faceplate to modify
current setting zone
number
10~ABH
Enter into menu system
setupcommunication
addressLon network and
485 address
9600
Means that baud rate of
RS485 is 9600
Set actual line name by CSPC program or
ISN on panel
02
Device address
+03
04
05
Type of 103
F2H
06
Time Mode
Network
mode, pulse
mode
62
Remark
Current number of setting
zone
Address range:10~ABH
Parameter
Protocol type
Range
Communicati
on protocol
V1.20
Communicati
on protocol
V1.10
Setup method
Enter into menu system
setupprotocol option
08
SOE reset
Manual reset,
automatic
reset
09
Address of Ethernet
1
***.***.***.***
(net section
1.2.3.4)
10
Address of Ethernet
2
***.***.***.***
(net section
1.2.3.4)
Remark
CSC-2000 protocol can be
selected for LON net or
Ethernet. This option need
not be disposed when
information of IEC60870-5103 protocol are output
from port 485.
Optional manual reset
(receive reset command to
reset SOE) or automatic
reset (reset SOE in 10s)
Set according to local
condition, can not be the
same as section 2 or 3
Ethernet 2
Set according to local
condition, can not be the
same as section 2 or 3
Ethernet 1. If it is
connected to CSN protocol
switched case to extend
RS-485, address of
Ethernet 2 must be set as:
10.10.6.124
7.4 Annunciations
7.4.1Event reports
Event reports are shown in Tab.7-6.
Tab.7-6
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Abbr.
(LCD Display)
Relay Startup
Z Startup
3I0 Startup
I_PS Startup
Z1 Trip
Z2 Trip
Z3 Trip
Z4 Trip
Z Trip_SOTF
RE- Trip NO AR
Fault Location
Z Location
3I0 Trip
3I0 Trip_SOTF
Reclose
AR fail
3P Trip Start AR
AR_CB(3)
AR_Blk for 3T
O/V1 Trip
Meaning
Protection startup
Impedance element startup
Zero-current startup
current startup for Power swing
Zone I distance relay trip
Zone II distance relay trip
Zone III distance relay trip
Zone IV distance relay trip
distance relay speed up trip after switching on to fault (SOTF)
Permanent trip for 3-ph FAIL to trip
Fault location
Impedance of fault location
zero-current relay trip
Zero-current relay speed up trip after switching on to fault (SOTF)
Re-closing operation
FAIL to reclose
Reclosing caused by 3-phase tripping (3T)
Re-closing caused three-pole occasional opened
3-phase tripping blocking auto re-closing
1st stage Over voltage trip
63
O/V2 Trip
U/V1 Trip
U/V2 Trip
OC Trip
SYN phase Change
Start 3-PH CBF
Pilot Trip
A/R Block
Z Send Signal
CBO Send Signal
Weak Send Signal
3I0_INV Trip
DI AR_BLK
Direct Trip Send
Direct Trip RECV
OC Startup
OC Trip
Abbr.
(LCD Display)
Sample Err
EquipPara Err
ROM Verify Err
Setting Err
Set Group Err
DO No Response
DO Breakdown
DO EEPROM Err
Meaning
Sampling data of analog input (AI) are error.
Equipment parameter is error.
CRC verification to sum of ROM of CPU is error.
Setting value is error
Pointer of setting group is error
Digital output (DO) has no response.
Digital output (DO) is of breakdown.
EEPROM of digital output (DO) is error.
Abbr.
(LCD Display)
DI Comm Fail
DO Comm Fail
Test DO Un-reset
DI Breakdown
DI Input Err
NO/NC Discord
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
DI Check Err
DI EEPROM Err
SRAM Check Err
FLASH Check Err
DI Config Err
DO Config Err
VT Fail
Overload
No.
Meaning
Communication failure in digital input (DI)
Communication failure in digital output (DO)
Digital output (DO)-test has not been reset.
Digital input (DI) is of breakdown.
The input of digital input (DI) is error.
2-position input discordance, i.e. status of NC and NO
discord.
Self-checking circuit of digital input (DI) is error.
EEPROM of digital input (DI) is error.
SRAM self-checking is error.
Flash self-checking is error.
Digital input configuration is error.
Digital output configuration is error.
Loss of measure voltage
line load current more than the setting of I_PS
64
17
CB Open Err
18
19
20
AI Err
21
3I0 Reverse
22
Re-Trip Fail
23
Harmonic Alarm
24
25
AR FUNC Alarm
26
Config Err
27
VT Choice Alarm
28
Z4 Choice Alarm
29
30
Broken Conductor
DI_CBF Err
Report
Communication
Fail
Detail
Communication
failure
DevPara Discord
SetGroup
Discord
Device
parameter
discordance
Setting group
discordance
Setting Discord
Setting
discordance
Connector
Discord
Connector
discordance
LON1
Communication
failure
65
Solutions
CPU working abnormlity or CAN
network communication error.
Check CPU working status, or
check CAN network on backboard.
Solidify parameter once more, and
power on again, this alarm should
disappear
Switch setting zone once more,
and power on again, this alarm
should disappear
Solidify setting once more, and
power on again, this alarm should
disappear
On or off strap once more, and
power on again, this alarm should
disappear
If LON1 need not be configured,
cancel configuration of LON1 from
system option menu of debugging
menu for leaving factory, and
power on again. This alarm should
LON2
Communication
failure
Write setting
failure
Write device
Write device parameter again
parameter failure
It is possible that the address of two CPU modules are
the same, one of CPU modules is not inserted or is
connected badly.
One of CPU modules is disenabled.
Write DevPara
Fail
No responsion for
summoning CPU
configuration
Alarm code
66
Abbr.
(LCD Display)
SwSetGroup OK
Write Set OK
WriteEquipParaOK
WriteConfig OK
AdjScale OK
ClrConfig OK
VT OK
Test DO OK
DI Change
AdjDrift OK
SYN Phase
Change
A/R Block
AR_BLK For 3T
CBO Stop Signal
CBO Send Signal
B/LBB OPTD
Direct Trip RECV
Meaning
Successful to switch setting group.
Successful to write setting values.
Successful to write equipment parameter.
Successful to write configuration.
Successful to adjust scale of analog input (AI).
Successful to clear configuration.
VT becoming normality
Successful to digital output (DO) drive-test.
Status of digital input (DI) has changed.
Successful to adjust zero drift of analog input (AI).
Synchronization phase change phase-A(or B, C)
Blocking reclosing
3-phase tripping blocking reclosing
Stopping signal by circuit breaker open(CBO)
Transmitting signal by circuit breaker open(CBO)
Stopping signal by input of B/LBB OPTD
input of Direct Trip RECV
To regulate zero drift, disconnect the device with testing instrument or standard
source to ensure not any input in AC terminal of the device. Enter into main menu
testingAdjDrift, select all, and confirm it, then zero drift regulation can be
performed. If regulation succeeds, report AdjDrift OK. After this, select main
menutestingViewDrift, current channel must be less than 0.1A (rated value of CT
67
5A) or 0.02A (rated value of CT 1A), voltage channel must be less than 0.1V.
7.5.1.2 Regulate calibration
Connect input terminals of voltage UA, UB, UC and UX together, and connect UN
and UX together, employ testing instrument with grade 0.5 and the above whose
outputs UA and UN are connected to protection terminals X3-a10 and b10. Current
outputs of testing instrument are connected to protection terminals X3-a1 and b4,
and current terminals of the protection are in series by polarity terminal. Enter into
main menutestingAdjScale, press keys <<up down left right>>and <<SET>> to
select all, set the regulation value to In and 50V, output AC quantities from testing
instrument to the protection system, then confirm these to execute. If fail to operate,
LCD displays analog channel error and the number of error channel. Check whether
connection, standard value and version are right or not.
7.5.1.3 Precision and linearity testing for analog
After finishing calibration and zero drift regulation, measure linear error using
testing instrument with grade 0.5 and the abover, and write down testing result.
Requirements: For secondary rated current 5A of CT, input currents 25A, 10A (the
lasting time of the abover two is unallowed to exceed 10s), 2A, 1A and 0.4A
respectively. For secondary rated current 1A of CT, input currents 5A, 2A, 0.5A, 0.2A
and 0.08A. Supply voltage 60V, 30V, 5V, 1V and 0.4V respectively. Observe LCD
display or enter into main menutestingViewScale, ask that the difference
between LCD display value and external meter is less than 0.1V for 0.4V and 1V of
voltage channel, the others are less than 2.5%, and current channel error is less than
0.02In for 0.08In and 0.2In, the others are less than 2.5%.
7.5.2 Configuration of operation and memory functions
Switch on DC power supply, the setting steps are described as follows to initialize
CPU.
Press QUIT and SET at the same time, enter into debugging menu.
a) Enter into the menu of CPU setup, enable CPU1 press the key of SET to save.
And energize the device once again.
b) Enter main menu- Set Time, use square keyboard to set clock to current time.
Then return to the normal display LCD screen, observe whether the running clock is
normal or not. Cut off DC power supply for 5 min, then switch on, check the time and
date displayed in LCD screen to conform that the clock is running and nicety during
power turnoff.
68
Tab. 7-9-a
Analog quality
Ia
Ib
Ic
3I 0
IN
Type B
Analog quality
Ua
Ub
Uc
3U0_COUNT
Ux
Type B
Analog quality
Ia R
Ib R
Ic R
3 I0 R
Tab. 7-9-b
Name
Relay Startup
Three Phase Trip
description
Relay startup
A-phase trip
CSC-162
69
Type B
Permanent trip
Send signal
A phase auxiliary contacts of CB,
Relay Reclose
Input of other relay action
signal input
Input of direct trip
Input of Reclose picked by other relay threepole trip
Blocking reclose
Output of Start 3-PH CBF
Output of the first stage undervoltage or
overvoltage
Output of the second stage undervoltage or
overvoltage
A/R Block
Start 3-PH CBF
U/V&O/V-1 Trip
U/V&O/V-2 Trip
Note: where means that the corresponding input is selected while is not
selected, blank means none.
Enter into main menu-setup-SetPrint-Print Mode, press SET to display the
following:
Print Mode
AutoPrt RecValue
PrintContWd
RecPrintMode
RelayTestOn,PrtRec
Grap
X
If Print record automatically is set to , record wave will be printed after fault. If it
is set to , only fault reports will be printed while record wave will not, and record
wave need to be fetched. If Print control word is set to , contents of control word
can be printed, if , contents of control word cannot be printed. Print format of record
data can be set to format of wave or data with <<UP>> and <<DOWN>> keys.
The recommended setup is Print record automatically, Print control word and Print
format of record data set to wave. If the protection operating results have some
questions, suggest that set Print format of record data to data at first, then,
print a record wave again (or use shortcut key F1 to directly print the latest one
of record data), after that, device testing can be followed. This can avoid losing
data, and causing disadvantage for furthermore analysis.
J) Check version of software
Enter into main menuOpStatusEquipCod, write down the device type,
version of each software and code of CRC, check the version consistent with the
valid version.
k) Check print function
1) main menuPrintProtSet Enter into this menu, select setting zone to print
70
a) Enter into main menuOpStatusDI, check the current state of each digital
input.
Connect +110V or +220V for X6:c2~c26 terminals and Connect +24V for
X6:a2~a26 terminals shown in Tab.11 as bellow, the corresponding inputs displayed
on the faceplate are valid. If certain input is error, check the corresponding optical
isolator, resistance etc are false welded, welded in reverse, or damaged.
Tab. 11
Name of input
description
DC voltage
Terminals
Reset signal
+24V
X6:a26
RESET
Input of circuit breaker open
DC +
X6: c10
CB OPEN
Blocking auto reclose
DC +
X6: c26
A/R BLOCK
Initiate three phase reclose
DC +
X6: c22
INITIATE 3-PH A/R
Input of other relay action
DC +
X6: c20
B/LBB OPTD
DC +
X6: c18
Input of signal
CARR RECIEVED
DC +
X6: c24
DIRECT TRIP RECV Input of direct trip
DC +
X6: c16
Input of carrier fail
CARRIER FAIL
Input of initiate three phase
DC +
X6: c12
START CBF 3-PH
circuit breaker failure
+24V
X6: a22
Input of blocking remote
REM ACCESS BLK
control
+24V
X6: a24
Test relay
RELAY TEST
71
Enter into main menuTest Do to performs digital output test. When digital
output test is made, the contacts of the corresponding relay ought to operate with
lighting signal while other contacts do not operate. Press button RESET on the
faceplate to reset the drived output. Test results should be consistent with the
following table.
The output test of CSC-162 is shown in Tab.13
Tab. 13
NO. Item
Contacts for
Panel Lights to be in
To be displayed Conclusion
connection
ON status
on MMI
Test DO OK
ALARM I
Flash of Run
X9:c22-a22
ALARM I
1
lamp
X9:c24-a24
X6:c30-a30
Flash of Alarm
X6:c32-a32
lamp
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
X6:c32-a32
Flash of Alarm
X9:c22-a22
lamp
ALARM II
X9:c26-a26
Flash of Run
X9:c28-a28
lamp
Test DO OK
ALARM II
Light-on of
Alarm lamp
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
X9:c26-a26
3- Phase Trip
X7:a4-a16
Flash of Run
X7:c4-c16
lamp
X8:c22-a22
Light-on of
X8:c24-a24
Operation lamp
Light-on of
Alarm lamp
X9:c16-a16
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
X8:c22-a22
Light-on of
Operation lamp
72
Test DO OK
3- Phase Trip
NO.
Item
Permanent Trip
Contacts for
connection
X7:a4-a16
Panel Lights to be in
ON status
Flash of Run
X7:c4-c16
lamp
X7:a4-a18
Light-on of
X7:c4-c18
Operation lamp
To be displayed
on MMI
Test DO OK
Permanent Trip
X8:c22-a22
X8:c24-a24
X9:c16-a16
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
X8:c22-a22
X7:a30-c30
Flash of Run
X7:a32-c32
lamp
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
CARR Send CH-1
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
Direct Trip Send
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
CARR Fail Alarm
Light-on of
Operation lamp
Test DO OK
Initiate 3PH
A/R
N/A
X8:c2-a2
Flash of Run
X8:c4-a4
lamp
Test DO OK
CARR Send
CH-1
N/A
X8:c6-a6
Flash of Run
X8:c8-a8
lamp
Test DO OK
Direct Trip
Send
N/A
X8:c26-a26
Flash of Run
X8:c28-a28
lamp
Test DO OK
CARR Fail
Alarm
Light-on of
Alarm lamp
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
AR TO Close CB
X8:c26-a26
X8:c30-a30
Flash of Run
X8:c32-a32
lamp
X9:c2-a2
Light-on of
X9:c4-a4
Reclose lamp
73
Test DO OK
AR TO Close
CB
Conclusion
NO.
Item
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
10
U/V_O/V-1
Contacts for
connection
X8:c30-a30
Panel Lights to be in
ON status
Light-on of
Reclose lamp
X10:c26-a26 Flash of Run
X10:c28-a28 lamp
11
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
U/V_O/V-2
12
Test DO OK
U/V_O/V-1
X10:c26-a26
X10:c30-a30 Flash of Run
X10:c32-a32 lamp
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
Start 3-PH CBF
To be displayed
on MMI
Test DO OK
U/V_O/V-2
X10:c30-a30
X10:c14-a14 Flash of Run
X10:c16-a16 lamp
Test DO OK
Start 3-PH CBF
X10:c22-a22
X10:c24-a24
13
14
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
AR Lockout Alarm
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
VT Fail
X10:c22-a22
X8:c10-a10
Flash of Run
X8:c12-a12
lamp
N/A
X8:c14-a14
Flash of Run
lamp
15
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
Broken Conductor
Test DO OK
VT Fail
N/A
X8:c18-a18
Flash of Run
lamp
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
Test DO OK
AR Lockout
Alarm
N/A
74
Test DO OK
Broken
Conductor
Conclusion
NO.
Item
16
SOTF Alarm
Contacts for
connection
X9:c6-a6
Panel Lights to be in
ON status
Flash of Run
lamp
17
18
19
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
CARR Received
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
Direct Trip RECV
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
Weak End Infeed
20
X9:c10-a10
Flash of Run
X9:c12-a12
lamp
Test DO OK
CARR
Received
N/A
X9:c18-a18
Flash of Run
X9:c20-a20
lamp
Test DO OK
Direct Trip
RECV
N/A
X9:c32-a32
Flash of Run
Test DO OK
Weak End
Infeed
N/A
X9:c18-a18
Flash of Run
lamp
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
Conclusion
N/A
lamp
Power ON of
equipment after OFF
PSB Alarm
To be displayed
on MMI
Test DO OK
SOTF Alarm
Test DO OK
PSB Alarm
N/A
Note:
1. In the status of output drive, push RES button and relevant lights are off, relevant normally open contacts
switch off and normally close contacts switch on.
75
connected to terminals X3-a1, X3-a2, X3-a3 and X3-a4 of the device, input rated
current and three-phase symmetry voltage 50 via a11, a10, b10 and b11 of X3
respectively, short b9 with b11 and a9 with a11, each phase voltage leads each
phase current phase angle 60respectively, check LCD loop display or enter into
main menuOpStatusMeasure to view, phase difference of A-, B-, and C-phase
voltage must be 120, and phase difference of A-, B-, and C-phase current must be
120. One phase current must lag the corresponding phase voltage 60(angle error
3). Otherwise, check the device of AC module connection.
Input three-phase symmetry voltage 50V, and rated current only to phase A which
lags phase A voltage 60, observe the display of amplitude and angle of 3I0 which
must be the same as IA, otherwise, check the device of AC module connection.
7.6.2 Test Methods
The test is performed according to the method simulating sudden faults. Before
simulating faults near bus, the rated voltage must be given at first, and fault current is
I, fault lasts 100-150ms.
7.6.3 Protection system test
Input settings according to the setting advice note or typical settings and write
them to certain zone at first. Then make tests according to Tab.14.
Tab.14
Relay
Fault type
Distan Simulate A, B, C to
ground
ce
instantaneous
relay
fault, check zone
1, 2, and 3 of
ground distance
relay, mentioned in
note (d) (I=In)
Fault analog
quantities
U=m*I* Xn_pe
(1+KX)
m=0.95
m=1.05
m=0.7
(RD=0)
Operation
Reliable operation
Reliable nonoperation
For zone 1
tdz30ms. For zone
2 and 3, error
between tdz and the
settings 20ms
76
Remark
Note: enable
zone 1, 2 or 3
of distance
relay
respectively, in
the equation,
n=1, 2, 3, KX
is residual
compensation
coefficient of
reactance
component.
Xn_pe and RD
are the
reactance and
resistance
settings of
ground
distance relay.
Xn_pp and RX
are the
reactance and
resistance
settings of
phase-to-
U=m*I*Xn_pp
(RX=0)
m=0.95
m=1.05
m=0.7
Reliable operation
Reliable nonoperation
For zone 1
tdz30ms. For zone
2 and 3, error
between tdz and the
settings 20ms
77
b) Connect currents (load current must be larger than 0.1In) and voltages to the
device, under normal state of loop display, press SET to enter into main menu,
then enter into every sub-menu to check whether the polarity and the phase
sequence of each analog input are correct or not. Verify the sampled data of the
protection in accordance with the actual ones.
c) Check the protection settings. Print each set of settings that are possibly
employed in the actual operating modes, in order to check them with informed
sheet of setting and backup debugging notes.
d) Note that carrier channel is perfect.
e) Check the digital inputs in accord with the practical state, and make note.
Especially notice that there is not display of small hand on the upper right of
LCD under normal conditions (that means test relay).
78
8. Maintenance
8.1 Routine checks
Measure resistance in turn between analog circuits and ground;
Measure output voltage in every class;
Check printer;
Revise zero drift and scale;
Verify alarm circuit;
Verify binary input;
Actual live tripping including circuit breaker;
Check setting;
8.2 Replacing the back-up battery
Battery is used to store data, record fault and inner clock in case the
power is off.
Battery is checked up timing, it will send out alarm after it is invalid or
decline.
The back-up battery should be replaced at the latest after 10 years of
operation or after alarm signal was sent out.
Recommended battery: Lithium battery CR1/2A, 3V/1Ah.
79
corresponding LED of tripping signal is lit and MMI displays the newest operating
report. If auto re-closing operates to reclose, the reclose LED is lit. The operating
report, record report should be printed automatically and the detail notes must be
written down.
d) If the DC power supply disappears during operation quit the tripping strap at
first.
e) If alarm I occur during operation, the corresponding relay should be stop
employing, record the alarm message and inform the operator in charge of the
protection. Here, prohibit pressing the reset button. If alarm II occurs, record the
alarm message and inform the operator in charge of the protection to analyze and
handle it.
8.6 Manipulation after replacing software or CPU
The following steps should be conformed after replacing software or CPU:
a) Firstly, check address jumpers to be right on CPU board, input and write
setting.
b) Check the software version of CPU and CRC.
c) If Setting Err or Set Group Err, ought to write settings again and switch
setting zone.
d) Check zero drift and calibration one time, and test I/O again.
e) According to the local operating rules, other related tests ought to be made
by operator.
8.7 Manipulation after replacing software or MASTER module
a) Version of the former MASTER module and version of software
b) Communication parameters, protocol option etc.
c) Address of the device.
d) View whether normal display is right or not after the device is electrified;
practically operate report and record print.
8.8 Manipulation after replacing input or output module
If input or output module needs to be replaced, firstly check whether the
jumper about module address is right or not. The replaced module cannot be put
into operation until its input or output is checked normally.
8.9 Manipulation after replacing AC module
When AC module has been replaced, the validity of polarity must be checked.
80
81
9. Storage
The equipment must only be stored and carried in the special antistatic bag.
82
10. Ordering
A Terminal diagram
10.Appendix
85
86