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Std VIII
Biology notes
Health is defined As a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not
merely an absence of disease.
Features of a healthy human being --a clear skin, bright, clear eyes, a body neither too fat nor
too thin, fresh breath, good appetite, sound sleep, regular activity of bladder and bowels, coordinated
body movements.
Disease is a departure from normal health through structural or functional disorder of the body.
Substances which cause allergic reactions in the body are called Allergens.
Common allergens are dust, pollens, medicines, cosmetics, etc.
Asthma, Diarrohea, Vomiting, Nausea, etc could be the allergic reactions.
DIRECT METHOD --Infection can spread through direct contact with an infected person.
Examples----chicken pox , measles , fungal infection.
INDIRECT METHOD --
House flies carry germs from garbage and sewage and deposit them on
food . Consumption of such contaminated food leads to diseases.
Air-
Many viral and bacterial respiratory tract diseases are transmitted through air .
Vaccination is the practice of artificially introducing germs or germ substances into the body for
developing resistance to a particular disease.
Vaccine--The germs or germ substances introduced into the body is called vaccine.
Example-TAB vaccine for Typhoid , BCG for Tuberculosis , Salks vaccine for
Poliomyelitis.