FORM 2 SCIENCE

CHAPTER 6 AIR PRESSURE

1. Air Pressure
a. Is collision of air particles on the wall of
the container
b. Air is a substance that is made up of
matter. It fills space and has weight.
c. Atmospheric pressure is caused by air in
the atmosphere.
Force
= Nm 2
d. Pressure =
Area
i. The bigger the area, the smaller the
pressure. P =

F
A

ii. The smaller the area, the bigger the

pressure. P =

F
A

2. Air exerts pressure

a. (i) The water does not spill because
atmospheric pressure upward on the
cardboard is sufficient to hold the water

c. Crushing of tin can.

When water boils, steam molecules push

air molecules out of the can before the
can is closed tightly.
ii. When the can is cooled by cold water on
the outside, the steam inside the can is
condensed into water. The air pressure
inside the can become lower than the
outside atmospheric pressure.
iii. Hence the walls of the can are pushed
inwards by the higher atmospheric
pressure until the can crushes.
i.

d. Atmospheric pressure on the surface of

paper.
(ii) Atmospheric pressure from all direction.
b. Milk only flows out when two holes are
made on the can.
i.

i. The milk cant flow out with a hole as

the atmospheric air pressure is higher
than the air pressure inside the can.
ii. The air enters the upper hole and
equalizes the air pressure inside and
outside the can and push the milk to
flow out continuously.

When the portion of the ruler which

just out is tapped suddenly, the other
end of ruler does not move upwards.
ii. This is because atmospheric pressure
forces downwards on the paper.
e. Action of atmospheric pressure on an
egg.(hard boiled shelless egg)

i. The egg is placed at the mouth of the

bottle.

WWW.ANDREWCHOO.EDU.MY

ii. After the pieces of paper have been

burnt, it is observed that the egg will
slowly move into the bottle.
iii. This is because when the pieces of
paper have been completely burnt, the
air inside the bottle becomes less and
pressure drops.
iv. The atmospheric pressure outside
bottle (which is higher) pushes the egg
into the bottle (which is lower).
3. a. Syringe

- The balloon increases in size because the

air pressure outside the balloon becomes
lower than inside the balloon.
c.

The plastic container becomes dented

when the air is sucked out from the
container because the air pressure inside
the container is lower than the
atmosphere pressure.
4. Effect of temperature on the volume of air /
air pressure

Diagram (i)

Low Pressure
i. Distance
between air
particles
increase.
ii. The frequency
of collisions
become lesser.
iii. Volume bigger
iv. Pressure lower
v. Particles move
slower.
b.

Diagram (ii)

High Pressure
i. Distance between
air particles
decrease / nearer.
ii. The frequency of
collisions become
greater.
iii. Volume smaller
iv. Pressure higher
v. Particles move
faster.

- temperature , volume , air

pressure , particles move
faster

5. Rubber suction hook

- The bigger the diameter of the rubber

suction, the stronger it sticks onto the
wall.
6. A dented ping pong ball becomes round
again when put into hot water. The hot air
inside the ping pong exerts higher pressure on
the wall of the ping pong ball to be round
again.
7. Pump more air into a balloon

i. The distance of air particles decrease.

WWW.ANDREWCHOO.EDU.MY

ii. The rate of collision is higher.

iii. The pressure increase
iv. The particles move faster / Kinetic energy
higher.
v. Air particles strike the walls more
frequently.
8. Mercury Barometer
i. To measure the atmospheric pressure.

9.

ii. The height of the mercury decrease when

the apparatus is bought up the top of the
mountain which has lower atmospheric
pressure.

Air is cooled
distance nearer /
closer
kinetic energy
lower / collision
lower / particles
move slower
pressure lower
loss of heat

Air is heated
distance further a
apart
kinetic energy
higher / collision
greater / particles
move faster
pressure higher
absorb heat

Mass, size, number of

molecules and the
weight remain
unchanged

WWW.ANDREWCHOO.EDU.MY