Catibog, Criselle M.

BSCE 2-2

ASSIGNMENT No. 2- STATISTICS

A. Give at least on example of the following:
1. LINE GRAPH
A line graph is used to show how values change.
Why use a Line Graph?
A line graph has characteristics that make it useful for some situations. You would use a line graph if:

You have a function. Line graphs are good at showing specific data values, meaning that if you have
one variable (x) you can easily find the other (y).

You want to show trends. For example, how your investments change over time or how food prices have
increased over time.

You want to make predictions. A line graph can be extrapolated beyond the data at hand. They enable you
to make predictions about the results of data.

Extrapolating by drawing the line graph further than the data points on the graph.
2. BAR GRAPH
A bar chart is a graph with rectangular bars. Each bars length or height is proportional to the bars
represented values. In other words, the length or height of the bar is equal to the quantity within that category. The
graph usually shows a comparison between different categories. Although the graphs can technically be plotted
vertically or horizontally, the most usual presentation for a bar graph is vertical. The x-axis represents the categories;
The y-axis represents a value for those categories. In the graph below, the values are percentages.

A bar graph is useful for looking at a set of data and making comparisons. For example, its easier to see
which items are taking the largest chunk of your budget by glancing at the above chart rather than looking at a set of
numbers.
Bar charts can also represent more complex categories with stacked bar charts or grouped bar charts. For
example, if you had two houses and needed budgets for each, you could plot them on the same x-axis with a
grouped bar chart, using different colors to represent each house.

3.
Chart

Pie

A Pie Chart is a type of graph that displays data in a circular graph. The pieces of the graph are proportional to the
fraction of the whole in each category. In other words, each slice of the pie is relative to the size of that
category in the group as a whole. The following chart shows water usage (image courtesy of the EPA).

Pie charts give you a snapshot of how a group is broken down

into smaller pieces. The following chart shows what New
Yorkers throw in their trash cans. You could read that New
Yorkers (perhaps surprisingly) throw a lot of recyclables into
their trash, but a pie graph gives a clear picture of the large
percentage of recyclables that find their way into the trash.

In order to make a pie chart, you must have a list of categorical variables (descriptions of your categories) as well
as numerical variables. In the above graph, percentages are the numerical variables and the type of trash is the
categorical variables.

4. PICTOGRAPH
A Pictograph is a way of showing data
using images.
Example: Apples Sold
Here is a pictograph of how many apples were
sold at the local shop over 4 months:
Note that each picture of an apple means 10
apples (and the half-apple picture means 5
apples).

So the pictograph is showing:

In January 10 apples were sold

In February 40 apples were sold

In March 25 apples were sold

In April 20 apples were sold

5. Statistical Map

A statistical map is one in which the variation in the quantity of a factor, such as percent of rainfall within
different geographic areas, is displayed.

B. Given: 18,15,10,20,8,10,12,5,3 , 22. Solve:

6. Mean
7. Median
8. Mode
9. First Quartile
10.Eight Decile

11.Fifty-two Percentile
First, arrange the scores from lowest to greatest.