Penjelasan GPS NMEA 0183

NMEA-0183 adalah standar kalimat laporan yang dikeluarkan oleh GPS receiver. Standar
NMEA memiliki banyak jenis bentuk kalimat laporan, di antaranya yang paling penting adalah
koordinat lintang (latitude), bujur (longitude), ketinggian (altitude), waktu sekarang standar UTC
(UTC time), dan kecepatan (speed over ground).
Jenis kalimat NMEA-0183 adalah sebagai berikut.
Kalimat
$GPGGA

Deskripsi
Global positioning system fixed data

$GPGLL

Geographic position - latitude / longitude

$GPGSA

GNSS DOP and active satellites

$GPGSV

GNSS satellites in view

$GPRMC

Recommended minimum specific GNSS data

$GPVTG

Course over ground and ground speed

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$GPGGA
Contoh: $GPGGA,092204.999,4250.5589,S,14718.5084,E,1,04,24.4,19.7,M,,,,0000*1F
Field

Contoh isi

Sentence ID

$GPGGA

UTC Time
Latitude

092204.999
4250.5589

hhmmss.sss
ddmm.mmmm

N/S Indicator
Longitude

S
14718.5084

N = North, S = South
dddmm.mmmm

E/W Indicator
Position Fix

E
1

E = East, W = West
0 = Invalid, 1 = Valid SPS, 2 = Valid DGPS, 3 = Valid PPS

Satellites Used
HDOP

04
24.4

Satellites being used (0-12)

Horizontal dilution of precision

Altitude
Altitude Units

19.7
M

Altitude in meters according to WGS-84 ellipsoid

M = Meters

Geoid Seperation
Seperation Units

Geoid seperation in meters according to WGS-84 ellipsoid

M = Meters

DGPS Age
DGPS Station ID

0000

Checksum
Terminator

*1F
CR/LF

$GPGLL

Deskripsi

Age of DGPS data in seconds

Contoh: $GPGLL,4250.5589,S,14718.5084,E,092204.999,A*2D
Field

Contoh isi

Sentence ID

$GPGLL

Deskripsi

Latitude
N/S Indicator

4250.5589
S

ddmm.mmmm
N = North, S = South

Longitude
E/W Indicator

14718.5084
E

dddmm.mmmm
E = East, W = West

UTC Time
Status

092204.999
A

hhmmss.sss
A = Valid, V = Invalid

Checksum
Terminator

*2D
CR/LF

$GPGSA
Example (signal acquired): $GPGSA,A,3,01,20,19,13,,,,,,,,,40.4,24.4,32.2*0A
Field

Contoh isi

Deskripsi

Sentence ID
Mode 1

$GPGSA
A

A = Auto 2D/3D, M = Forced 2D/3D

Mode 1
Satellite used 1

3
01

1 = No fix, 2 = 2D, 3 = 3D
Satellite used on channel 1

Satellite used 2
Satellite used 3

20
19

Satellite used on channel 2

Satellite used on channel 3

Satellite used 4
Satellite used 5

13

Satellite used on channel 4

Satellite used on channel 5

Satellite used 6
Satellite used 7

Satellite used on channel 6

Satellite used on channel 7

Satellite used 8
Satellite used 9

Satellite used on channel 8

Satellite used on channel 9

Satellite used 10
Satellite used 11

Satellite used on channel 10

Satellite used on channel 11

Satellite used 12
PDOP

40.4

Satellite used on channel 12

Position dilution of precision

HDOP
VDOP

24.4
32.2

Horizontal dilution of precision

Vertical dilution of precision

Checksum
Terminator

*0A
CR/LF

$GPGSV
Contoh: $GPGSV,3,1,10,20,78,331,45,01,59,235,47,22,41,069,,13,32,252,45*70
Field

Contoh isi

Sentence ID

$GPGSV

Deskripsi

Number of messages
Sequence number

3
1

Number of messages in complete message (1-3)

Sequence number of this entry (1-3)

Satellites in view
Satellite ID 1

10
20

Range is 1-32

Elevation 1
Azimuth 1

78
331

Elevation in degrees (0-90)

Azimuth in degrees (0-359)

SNR 1
Satellite ID 2

45
01

Signal to noise ration in dBHZ (0-99)

Range is 1-32

Elevation 2
Azimuth 2

59
235

Elevation in degrees (0-90)

Azimuth in degrees (0-359)

SNR 2
Satellite ID 3

47
22

Signal to noise ration in dBHZ (0-99)

Range is 1-32

Elevation 3
Azimuth 3

41
069

Elevation in degrees (0-90)

Azimuth in degrees (0-359)

SNR 3
Satellite ID 4

13

Signal to noise ration in dBHZ (0-99)

Range is 1-32

Elevation 4
Azimuth 4

32
252

Elevation in degrees (0-90)

Azimuth in degrees (0-359)

SNR 4
Checksum

45
*70

Signal to noise ration in dBHZ (0-99)

Terminator

CR/LF

$GPRMC
Contoh: $GPRMC,092204.999,A,4250.5589,S,14718.5084,E,0.00,89.68,211200,,*25
Field
Sentence ID

Contoh isi
$GPRMC

Deskripsi

UTC Time
Status

092204.999
A

hhmmss.sss
A = Valid, V = Invalid

Latitude
N/S Indicator

4250.5589
S

ddmm.mmmm
N = North, S = South

Longitude
E/W Indicator

14718.5084
E

dddmm.mmmm
E = East, W = West

Speed over ground

Course over ground

0.00
0.00

Knots
Degrees

UTC Date
Magnetic variation

211200

DDMMYY
Degrees

Checksum
Terminator

*25
CR/LF

$GPVTG
Contoh: $GPVTG,89.68,T,,M,0.00,N,0.0,K*5F
Field

Contoh isi

Deskripsi

Sentence ID
Course

$GPVTG
89.68

Reference
Course

89.68

T = True heading
Course in degrees

Reference
Speed

89.68
0.00

M = Magnetic heading
Horizontal speed

Units
Speed

N
0.00

N = Knots
Horizontal speed

Units
Checksum

K
*5F

K = KM/h

Terminator

CR/LF

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Course in degrees