CHAPTER 4

Prepared by: Noryani Muhammad

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4.5 The Normal Dist.

4.6 The Standard Normal Dist.
4.7 Standardizing a Normal Dist.

Lesson Outcomes:

Understand the concept of

continuous random variable.
Can construct the p.d.f and
c.d.f, mean and standard
deviation.
Apply the normal and
standard normal dist.

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4.5 The Normal Distribution

* The most important requirement in analyze of data set and
most widely used
*If X is a continuous random variable with parameters and for
and > 0 , then the normal distribution is given by the
function

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Properties of Normal Distribution

1. The total area under the curve is 1.0

2. The curve is symmetric about the mean
3. The two tails of the curve extend indefinitely
Each different set of value of and gives a different normal distribution:
>-determines the center of a normal curve
>-give the spread of a curve

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Normal Distribution

Equal mean but diff value of

Standard deviation

Equal standard deviation

but diff value of mean

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4.6 The Standard Normal Distribution

Standard Normal Distribution: = 0 and = 1

Methods in finding the area under a standard normal curve:

1.Find the area to the left of Z = z0
2.Find the area to the right of Z = z0
3.Find the area between Z = -z0 and Z = z0

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Normal (Z) Table

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Normal Distribution
Example:
1. Given a standard normal distribution, find the area under the curve that lies:
(a) to the right of z = 1.84.
(b) between z = 1.97 and z = 0.86.
Solution:
a)
P(Z > 1.84) = 1 P(Z 1.84)
= 1 0.9671 = 0.0329

b)

P(1.97 < Z < 0.86) = P(Z < 0.86) P(Z < 1.97)
= 0.8051 0.0244
= 0.7807

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Normal Distribution
Example:
2. Given a standard normal distribution, find the value of k such that:
(a) P(Z > k) = 0.3015
(b) P(k < Z < 0.18) = 0.4197
Solution:
a)
P(Z > k) = 1 P(Z k)
0.3015 = 1P(Z k)
P(Z k) =0.6985
#refer to normal table 0.6985, k=0.52

b)

P(k< Z < -0.18) = P(Z < -0.18) P(Z < k)

0.4197 = 0.4286 P(Z < k)
= 0.0089

#refer to the normal table 0.0089, k=-2.37

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Test your understanding.

Exercise 4.6(pg 85)

Find the probabilities that a random variable having the

standard normal
distribution will take on a value:
(a) between 0.87 and 1.28
(b) between 0.34 and 0.62
(c) greater than 0.85
(d) greater than 0.65
(e) greater than 5.86
(f) less than 4.73

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Test your understanding.

Exercise 4.7 (pg 86)

Find z if the probability that a random variable having the

standard
normal distribution will take on a value:
(a) less than z is 0.9911
(b) greater than z is 0.1093
(c) greater than z is 0.6443
(d) less than z is 0.0217
(e) between - z and z is 0.9298

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4.7 Standardizing a Normal Distribution

The process of convert an x-value to a normal z-value

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4.7 Standardizing a Normal Distribution

Step for finding the area under any normal curve/ finding the
probability
1.Convert the value of x to z-score
2.Draw a standard normal curve with putting the z-values
3.Shade the desired area on the curve
4.Find the area under the standard normal curve.

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4.7 Standardizing a Normal Distribution

Example:
1. Given a random variable x having a normal distribution with mean equal to 50 and
a standard deviation of 10, find the probability that x assumes a value between 45 and
62.
Solution:

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4.7 Standardizing a Normal Distribution

Example:
An electrical firm manufactures light bulbs that have a life, before burnout, that is
normally distributed with mean equal to 800 hours and a standard deviation of 40
hours. Find the probability that a bulb burns between 778 and 834 hours.
Solution:

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Test your understanding.

Exercise 4.8 (pg 87)

Given the normally distributed variable X with mean 18

and standard deviation 2.5, find:
(a) a. P(X < 15)
(b) the value of k such that P(X < k) = 0.2236
(c) the value of k such that P(X > k) = 0.1814
(d) d. P(17 < X < 21)

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Test your understanding.

Exercise 4.7 (pg 86)

If the amount of cosmic radiation to which a person is exposed while

flying by jet is a random variable having the normal distribution with
mean equal to 4.35 mrem and standard deviation of 0.59 mrem, find
the probabilities that the amount of cosmic radiation to which a
person will be exposed on such a flight is:
(a) between 4.00 and 5.00 mrem
(b) at least 5.50 mrem

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-End of Chapter 4-

Miss Noryani Muhammad

Excellent does not an accident, but it comes through a hard work!!