Type of development of African child

This section will be discussing the expectations during each stage and the paradigm
for the individuals readiness to proceed to the next stage. There are five stages that are
included to describe African child development. The descriptions are to be explained below :-

Stage One
Lekhatla is the terms given by all participants to describe a child after birth, or
infant. The expectations about this stage are, the child is expected to suck, sit, stand up, walk,
smile and talk. This stage also refers to the capability for the child to communicate its needs
and uncomfortableness through any physical observations such as crying, as well as learning
to follow instructions.
According to the respondents, problems that are normally experienced during this
stage include illnesses such as sunken frontales, wooping cough, measles and mumps. Other
problems include delayed development milestone. Traditional medication has been used to
treat their patients. Most of elder members have the most experience to undergo medication
processes. The problem somehow is resolved by acceptance of the child as a gift from God.

Stage Two
Ngwana is the terms used to express stage two called expectations. During this
stage, children learn to do house chores through play and imitating adults and older children.
Generally, girls learn to do chores such as to cook, sweep, bath, collecting wood and do
dishes. They also learn singing and games to encourage them with other children of the same
sex. In turn to boys, there learn how to ploughing, look after goats and help in milking. Some
games were to be taught. Harvesting is a non-optional choice whereby boys and girls must
obey.
The common problems are laziness, disobedience, incapable to follow instructions
and illness. The elder one has resolved the problems by punishments and reinforcements. To
the children that have retardation is dealt by support, acceptance and encouragement. They
proceed to next stage is by being a toleration to instructions or able to perform tasks that are
required of him.

Stage Three

Mosimana is for boy and Ngwanenyana is for girl whereby the terms used to
depict stage three. This particular stage is just an improvement to perfection towards chores
and learning time. They also allowed to be socialized with children of the same age by
grouping and simultaneously having an interest in opposite sex. The need of this stage three
is also to give a good outcome of boys to herd and milk cattle, milk them, plough, build
kraals and to do the work independently without any supervision from the elder ones. Boys
also need to take care and teach the younger boys on how to do the task.
Technically, this stage slowly has increase the curiosity and naughtiness amongst the
children. Girls are to be expected to master in chores, to cook, sweep, bath, collecting wood
and do dishes. Without being left, girls also have the responsible to teach the younger ones.
Problems facing by them are disobedience, naughtiness, rivalry and the fights for
dominance, which are to be solved by making a confliction parties by apologising to each
other or will be punished.

Stage Four
Mohlanka for boy or Monnyana for girls are the terms to delineate stage four. At
this stage, both boys and girls must show their high level of maturity, responsibility and
respect to each other and oneself. School is compulsory for the to attend regarding to be
taught how to be a responsible adults.
What have been the problems are the lack of maturity, irresponsible behaviour, failure
to get married, failure to participate in community chores and not to forget, laziness is still
being the problem. In order to prevent these problems, punishment is used to those who
misdemean as well as failure to participate community chores.

Stage Five
Once the person reaches to this stage which is the last stage, the person is expected to
be a responsible parent and fulfil the parental duties. Furthermore, the person is expected to
take part in communal activities. If women, they will be joining forces and perform duties
such as hoeing the fields, preparing for occasions and harvesting. The occasions are funerals,
weddings and other festive celebrations. Men and women must be a good teacher to their
children, sharing experience to them and expectations as well.
Problems experienced, when they do not have responsibility, crime, disobedience of
the rules governing the community and other problems that possible. If crime, rape and
murder occur, the judging statement is being proposed by Queen Modjadji and her assistants.