P. Hanks (Ed.

)
Lexicology: Critical Concepts in Linguistics
Routledge, 2007
PRE-PUBLICATION VERSION OF THE CONTENTS LIST

Volume 1: Philosophy and Word Meaning

1.1 Foundations
1. Aristotle (4th century BC), 'Meaning and Essence, Excerpts from
Aristotle's writings, selected, arranged, and edited by Ekaterini Stathi (Berlin, 2005),
translations from http://classics.mit.edu, 48 pages.
2. Porphyry [Porphyrios of Tyre] (3rd century AD), Eisagog (Introduction
to Aristotle's Categories), translated by J. Barnes (Oxford, 2003), 5 pages.
3. John Wilkins (1668), Excerpts from Essay towards a real character, and a
Philosophical Language, (London: The Royal Society), 15 pages.
4. John Locke (1690), 'Of the signification of words', Chapters 1 to 5 from Book III of
the Essay Concerning Human Understanding, and Table of Contents of Book III,
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1975), pp. 402-428; 29-34.
5. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1704), Table of Definitions, Excerpts from Table de
definitions, in Louis Couturat, ed., Opuscules et fragments indits de Leibniz,
(Paris: Felix Alcan, 1903; reissued: Hildesheim: Olms, 1963), selected by Donald
Rutherford, translated by Emily Rutherford, 14 pages.
6. Louis Couturat (1903), Excerpts from The Logic of Leibniz, translated by Donald
Rutherford and Timothy Monroe, Published on the Internet (1997-2002).
7. Bertrand Russell (1921), 'Words and Meaning', in Bertrand Russell, The Analysis of
Mind, (London: Allen & Unwin, 1922), pp. 135-144.

1.2 Beyond Necessary Conditions

8. Ludwig Wittgenstein (1951), Excerpts from Philosophical Investigations, selected
and edited by Yorick Wilks, (Oxford, 2005), 15 pages.
9. Willard van Orman Quine (1940), 'Use Versus Mention', in Willard van Orman
Quine, Mathematical Logic, (New York: Norton) [Reprinted in Farhang Zabeeh, E.
D. Klemke, and Arthur Jacobson, eds., Readings in Semantics, (Urbana, IL:
University of Illinois Press, 1974), pp. 89-94.]
10. Willard van Orman Quine (1960), Excerpts from Word and Object, (Cambridge,
MA: MIT Press, 1960), pp. 51-57; 80-95; 114-134.
11. Hilary Putnam (1970), Is semantics possible?, in H. Kiefer and M. Munitz, eds.,
Languages, Believe and Metaphysics, Volume I of Contemporary Philosophic
Thought: The International Philosophy Year Conferences at Brockport. [Reprinted
in Mind, Language and Reality, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975),
pp. 139-152.]
12. Hilary Putnam (1975), 'The meaning of "meaning"', in K. Gunderson, ed.,
Language, Mind, and Knowledge, Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science,

VII, (University of Minnesota Press). [Reprinted in Mind, Language and Reality

(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 215-271.
13. J. L. Austin (1963), Performative-constative, in Charles E. Caton, ed., Philosophy
and Ordinary Language, translated from the French by G. J. Warnock, (Urbana, IL:
University of Illinois Press), pp. 2254.

1.3 Variability and Vagueness

14. Jorge Luis Borges (1964), The Analytical Language of John Wilkins, in Jorge Luis
Borges, Other Inquisitions: 1937-1952, translated by Ruth L. Simms, pp. 101-105.
15. William Labov (1973), 'The boundaries of words and their meanings', in C.-J. Bailey
and R. Shuy, eds., New Ways of Analyzing Variation in English, (Washington, DC:
Georgetown University Press), pp. 340-373.
16. Anna Wierzbicka (1986), 'Precision in Vagueness', Journal of Pragmatics, 10, pp.
597-613.
17. Anna Wierzbicka (1987), 'Introduction' (1-9, 12) and 'The Promise Group', in
English Speech Act Verbs, (Sydney: Academic Press), pp. 1-26; 30-32; 205-213.
18. Timothy Williamson (2001), 'Vagueness, Indeterminacy and Social Meaning', in
Colin B. Grant and Donald McLaughlin, eds., Language - Meaning - Social
Construction: Interdisciplinary Studies, (Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi), pp. 61-76.

Volume 2: Lexical Semantics and Structures

2.1 Semantic Field Theory
19. Jost Trier (1934), The linguistic field. An investigation, English translation by Elke
Gehweiler of 'Das sprachliche Feld: eine Auseinandersetzung', Neue Jahrbcher
fr Wissenschaft und Jugendbildung, 10, pp. 428-449.
20. Walter Porzig (1934), Intrinsic semantic relations, English translation by Elke
Gehweiler of 'Wesenhafte Bedeutungsbeziehungen', Beitrge zur deutschen
Sprache und Literatur, 58, 1934, pp. 70-97.
21. Helmut Gipper (1959), Sessel oder Stuhl?* A contribution to the definition of word
contents in the object world, English translation by Elke Gehweiler of Sessel oder
Stuhl? Ein Beitrag zur Bestimmung von Wortinhalten im Bereich der Sachkultur, in
Helmut Gipper, ed., Sprache: Schlssel zur Welt; Festschrift fr Leo Weisgerber,
(Dsseldorf: Pdagogischer Verlag Schwann), pp. 271292
22. Wolfgang Wildgen (2000), 'The history and future of field semantics: from Giordano
Bruno to dynamic semantics', in L. Albertazzi, ed., Meaning and Cognition: a
Multidisciplinary Approach, (Amsterdam: John Benjamins), pp. 203-226.

2.2 Structuralist Semantics

23. Louis Hjelmslev (1958), 'Dans quelle msure les significations des mots peuventelle tre consideres comme formant une structure?', in Eva Sivertsen et al., eds.,
Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Linguists, (Oslo: Oslo
University Press), pp. 636-654.

24. Bernard Pottier (1964), 'Vers une smantique moderne', in Travaux de linguistique
et de Littrature, 2:1, pp. 107-137.
25. Eugenio Coseriu (1964), 'Towards a Structuralist Diachronic Semantics', English
translation by Patrick Hanks of 'Pour une smantique diachronique structurale' in
Travaux de linguistique et de littrature, published by Centre de Philologie et de
Littratures Romanes de l'Universit de Strasbourg, II/1, pp. 139-186.
26. John Lyons (1968), 'Semantic Structure', Chapter 10 of Introduction to Theoretical
Linguistics, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 443-481.

2.3 Componential Analysis of Kinship

27. Ward H. Goodenough (1956), 'Componential analysis and the study of meaning',
Language, 32, pp. 195-216.
28. Floyd G. Lounsbury (1964), 'The Structural Analysis of Kinship Semantics', in
Proceedings of the 9th International Congress of Linguists, Cambridge MA 1962,
(The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter), pp. 1073-1090.

2.4 The Lexicon in Early Generative Grammar: Markerese

29. Jerrold J. Katz and Jerry Fodor (1963), 'The structure of a semantic theory',
Language, 39:2, pp. 170-210.
30. Dwight Bolinger (1965), 'The atomization of meaning', Language, 41:4, pp. 555573.
31. Manfred Bierwisch (1967), Some Semantic Universals of German Adjectivals,
Foundations of Language, 3, pp. 1-36.

3.2 The Lexicon in Modern Generative Theory

32. James Pustejovsky (1991), The Generative Lexicon, Computational Linguistics,
17:4, pp. 409-441.
33. Ray Jackendoff (2002), 'What's in the lexicon?', in Sieb Nootebom, Fred Weerman,
Frank Wijnen, eds., Storage and Computation in the Language Faculty, (Dordrecht:
Kluwer), pp. 23-58.

Volume 3: Core Meaning, Extended Meaning

3.1 Primes and Universals
34. Andrzej Boguslawski (1970), 'On semantic primitives and meaningfulness', in A. J.
Greimas, R. Jacobson, M. R. Mayenowa et al., eds., Sign, Language, Culture, (The
Hague: Mouton de Gruyter), pp. 143-152.
35. Jurij D. Apresjan (2000), On the language of explications and semantic primitives,
Chapter 8 of Systematic Lexicography, (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 215
23. [Published in Russian in 1994.]

36. Anna Wierzbicka (1995), 'Universal semantic primitives as a basis for lexical
semantics', Folia Linguistica, 29, 1-2, pp. 149-169.
37. Stephen G. Pulman (2005), 'Lexical decomposition: for and against', in John I. Tait,
ed., Charting a New Course: Natural Language Processing And Information
Retrieval: essays in honour of Karen Sprck Jones, (Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic/
Springer), pp. 155-174.
38. Danielle Corbin and Martine Temple (1994), 'Le monde des mots et des sens
construits: catgories smantiques, catgories rfrentielles, Cahiers de
lexicologie, 65, pp. 213-236.
39. Cliff Goddard (2005), 'Lexico-semantic universals: a critical overview', Linguistic
Typology, 5:1, pp. 1-66.

3.3 Polysemy
40. Jurij D. Apresjan (1973), 'Regular Polysemy', Linguistics, 142, pp. 5-32.
41. Jiwei Ci (1987), 'Synonymy and Polysemy', Lingua, 72, pp. 315-331.
42. Paul D. Deane (1988), 'Polysemy and Cognition', Lingua, 75, pp. 325-361.
43. Adrienne Lehrer (1990), 'Polysemy, conventionality, and the structure of the
lexicon', Cognitive Linguistics, 1-2, pp. 207-246.
44. Dirk Geeraerts (1993), 'Vagueness's puzzles, polysemy's vagaries', Cognitive
Linguistics, 4, pp. 223-272.
45. David Tuggy (1993), 'Ambiguity, Polysemy, and Vagueness', Cognitive Linguistics,
4, pp. 273-290.

3.4 Cross-Linguistic Comparative Lexicology

46. Cecil H. Brown (2001), 'Lexical typology from an anthropological point of view', in
Sprachtypologie und Sprachuniversalien, (Berlin, New York: De Gruyter), pp. 11781190.
47. Cliff Goddard (2002), 'Thinking' across languages and cultures: six dimensions of
variation', Cognitive Linguistics, 14:2/3, pp. 109-140.

Volume 4: Syntagmatics
4.1 Syntagmatics: The Firthian Tradition
48. Michael Halliday (1966), 'Lexis as a linguistic level', in C. E. Bazell, J. C. Catford, M.
A. K. Halliday, and R. H. Robins, eds., In Memory of J. R. Firth, (London:
Longman), pp. 148-162.
49. John Sinclair (1966), 'Beginning the study of lexis', in C. E. Bazell, J. C. Catford, M.
A. K. Halliday, and R. H. Robins, eds., In Memory of J. R. Firth, (London:
Longman), pp. 410-430.
50. Eugene O. Winter (1978), 'A look at the role of certain words in information
structure', in K. P. Jones and V. Horsnell, eds., Informatics 3: proceedings of a
conference held by the Aslib Co-ordinate Indexing Group, pp. 85-97.
51. John Sinclair (1998), 'The Lexical Item', in Edda Weigand, ed., Contrastive Lexical
Semantics, (Amsterdam: John Benjamins), pp. 1-24.

52. Michael Hoey (2004), 'The textual priming of lexis', in Guy Aston, Silvia Bernardini,
and Dominic Stewart, eds., Corpora and Language Learners, (Amsterdam: John
Benjamins), pp. 21-41.
53. Alan Partington (2004), '"Utterly content in each other's company". Semantic
prosody and semantic preference', International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 9:1,
(Amsterdam: John Benjamins), pp. 131-156.

4.2 Lexicon Grammar

54. Maurice Gross (1993), 'Constructing lexicon-grammars', in B. T. S. Atkins and A.
Zampolli, eds., Computational Approaches to the Lexicon, (Oxford: Oxford
University Press), pp. 213-264.
55. Christian Leclre (2002), 'Organization of the lexicon-grammar of French verbs',
Lingvisticae Investigationes, 25:1, (Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins), pp.
29-48.
56. Richard Hudson (2002), 'Buying and selling in Word Grammar', in Jzsef Andor
and Peter Pelyvs, eds., Empirical Cognitive-based studies in the semanticspragmatics interface, (Oxford: Elsevier Science, in press?), 25 pages. [=Current
Research in the Semantics/Pragmatics Interface]

4.3 Frame Semantics

57. Charles J. Fillmore (1975), 'An alternative to checklist theories of meaning, in
Papers from the First Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, pp. 123132.
58. Sue Atkins and Charles J. Fillmore (1992), 'Towards a Frame-based Lexicon: the
Semantics of RISK and its Neighbors', in Adrienne Lehrer and Eva F. Kittay, eds.,
Frames, Fields and Contrasts: New Essays in Semantic and Lexical Organization,
(Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum), pp. 75-102.
59. Adrienne Lehrer (1992), 'Names and Naming: why we need Fields and frames', in
Adrienne Lehrer and Eva F. Kittay, eds., Frames, Fields and Contrasts, (Hillsdale,
NJ: Laurence Erlbaum), pp. 123-141.
60. Thierry Fontenelle (2000), 'A Bilingual Lexical Database for Frame Semantics',
International Journal of Lexicography, 13:4, pp. 232-248.

4.4 Preferences, Meaning and Context

61. Jeffrey Gruber (1967), 'Look and see', Language, 43, pp. 937-947.
62. Yorick Wilks (1980), 'Frames, Semantics and Novelty', in Dieter Metzing, ed.,
Frame Conceptions and Text Understanding, (Berlin, New York: Mouton de
Gruyter), pp. 134-163.
63. Anna Wierzbicka (1982), 'Why can you have a drink when you can't *have an eat?',
Language, 58, pp. 753-79.
64. Eugene Nida (1997), 'The molecular level of lexical semantics', International
Journal of Lexicography, 10:4, pp. 265-74.

Volume 5: Cognition and the Lexicon

5.1 Child Language Acquisition
65. Roger W. Brown (1958), 'How Shall a Thing be Called?', Psychological Review, 65,
pp. 14-21.
66. Eve Clark (1973), 'What's in a Word? On the child's acquisition of semantics in his
first language', in T. E. Moore, ed., Cognitive Development and the Acquisition of
Language, (New York: Academic Press), pp. 65-110.
67. Eve Clark (1997), 'Conceptual perspective and lexical choice in acquisition,
Cognition, 64, pp. 1-37.
68. George Miller and Patricia Gildea (1987), 'How children learn words', Scientific
American, 257, pp. 94-99.
69. J. C. Goodman, L. McDonough, and N. B. Brown (1998), 'The role of semantic
context and memory in the acquisition of novel nouns', Child Development, 69, pp.
1330-1344.

5.2 Prototypes and Stereotypes

70. Eleanor Rosch (1975), 'Cognitive representation of semantic categories', Journal of
Experimental Psychology, 104, pp. 192-233.
71. Nick Braisby (1990), 'Situating word meaning', in R. Cooper, K. Mukai, and J. Perry,
eds., Situation Theory and its Applications, I, (Stanford, CA: Center for the Study of
Language and Information), pp. 315-341.
72. George Lakoff (1973), 'Hedges and Meaning Criteria', in Raven I. McDavid and
Audrey R. Duckert, eds., Lexicography in English. Annals of the New York
Academy of Sciences, pp. 144-153.
73. Patrick Hanks (1994), 'Linguistic Norms and Pragmatic Explanations, or Why
Lexicographers need Prototype Theory, and Vice Versa', in F. Kiefer, G. Kiss, and
J. Pajzs, eds., Papers in Computational Lexicography: Complex '94, (Research
Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences), pp. 89-113.

5.3 The Mental Lexicon

74. Lawrence W. Barsalou (1983), 'Ad hoc categories', Memory and Cognition, 11, pp.
211-227.
75. Roger W. Schvaneveldt, David E. Meyer, and Curtis A. Becker (1976), 'Lexical
ambiguity, semantic context, and visual word recognition', Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, volume 2, pp. 243-256.
76. Sharon Lee Armstrong, Lila R. Gleitman, and Henry Gleitman (1983), 'What some
concepts might not be', Cognition, 13, pp. 263-308.
77. Herbert H. Clark and Richard Gerrig (1983), 'Understanding old words with new
meanings', Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22, pp. 591-608.
78. Mira Ariel (2002), 'The demise of a unique literal meaning', Journal of Pragmatics,
34 (special issue, ed. by M. Ariel, on literal, minimal, salient, and privileged
meanings), pp. 361-402.

79. Tomasz P. Krzeszowski (1990), 'The Axiological Aspect of Idealized Cognitive

Models', in J. Tomaszczyk and B. Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, eds., Meaning and
Lexicography, (Amsterdam: John Benjamins), pp. 135-165.

Volume 6: Formal Approaches to the Lexicon

6.1 Meaning <> Text Theory
80. Igor Melcuk et al. (1984), Dictionnaire Explicatif et Combinatoire
du Franais Contemporain. Introduction, pp. 3-16. [14 pages]
81. Igor Melcuk et al. (1984- ), Dictionnaire Explicatif et
Combinatoire du Franais Contemporain. Articles on admiration, admirer,
dsespoir, enthousiasme, envie, tonnement, tonner, stonner, 14 pages.
82. Igor Melcuk (1988), Semantic Description of Lexical Units in an
Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary: Basic Principles and Heuristic
Criteria, International Journal of Lexicography, 1:3, pp. 165-188.
83. Igor Melcuk (2003), Collocations dans le dictionnaire in Th.
Szende, ed., Les carts culturels dans les Dictionnaires bilingues, (Paris:
Honor Champion), pp. 19-64.

6.2 Statistics of Word Association

84. Michael Lesk (1986), 'Automatic sense disambiguation using machine readable
dictionaries: how to tell a pine cone from an ice cream cone', in Proceedings of the
1986 SIGDOC Conference, (New York: Association for Computing Machinery), pp.
24-26.
85. Michael Lesk (1988), 'They said true things, but called them by wrong names
vocabulary problems over time in retrieval', in Proceedings of the 1988 Waterloo
OED Conference, (University of Waterloo, Ontario), pp. 1-10.
86. Kenneth Church and Patrick Hanks (1989), 'Word Association Norms, Mutual
Information, and Lexicography', in Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the
Association for Computational Linguistics, 1990, edited version reprinted in
Computational Linguistics 16:1, 1996, pp. 22-29.
87. Gregory Grefenstette (2002), 'Multilingual Corpus-Based Extraction and the Very
Large Lexicon', Languages and Computers, 43:1, pp. 137-149.
88. Patrick Pantel and Dekang Lin (2002), Discovering Word Senses from Text, in
Proceedings of ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data
Mining 2002, (Edmonton, Canada), pp. 613-619.
89. Robert C. Moore (2004), On Log-Likelihood-Ratios and the Significance of Rare
Events, in Dekang Lin and Dekai Wu, eds., Proceedings of EMNLP 2004,
(Barcelona: Association for Computational Linguistics), pp. 333-340.
90. Adam Kilgarriff (2004), How dominant is the commonest sense of a word?, in P.
Sojka, I. Kopecek and K. Pala, eds., Text, Speech, Dialogue: Lecture Notes in
Artificial Intelligence, 3206, (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), pp. 103-111.
91. Adam Kilgarriff, Pavel Rychly, Pavel Smrz, David Tugwell (2004), The Sketch
Engine, http://www.sketchengine.co.uk/sketch-engine-elx04.pdf, 11 pages.

6.3 Lexical Resources for Computational Language Processing

92. Harold R. Robison (1970), 'Computer-detectable semantic structures' in Information
Storage and Retrieval, 6:3, pp. 273-288.
93. George Miller and Christiane Fellbaum (1991), 'Semantic Networks of English',
Cognition, special issue edited by B. Levin and S. Pinker, pp. 197-229. [Reprinted
in B. Levin and S. Pinker (eds.), Lexical and Conceptual Semantics. Blackwell.]
94. Simon C. Dik (1986), Linguistically motivated knowledge representation, in M.
Nagao, ed., Language and Artificial Intelligence, (Amsterdam: North Holland
Publishers), pp. 145-170.
95. Piek Vossen and Laura Bloksma (1998), 'Categories and classifications in
EuroWordNet', in Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio
Tejada, eds., Proceedings of First International Conference on Language
Resources and Evaluation, Granada, 28th-30th May, pp. 399-408.
96. Piek Vossen, Wim Peters, Julio Gonzalo (1999), 'Towards a Universal Index of
Meaning', in Proceedings of ACL-99 Workshop, Siglex-99, Standardizing Lexical
Resources, (College Park, Maryland: University of Maryland), pp. 81- 90.

6.4 Computational Representation of the Lexicon

97. James Pustejovsky and Bran Boguraev (1993), 'Lexical Knowledge Representation
and natural language processing', Artificial Intelligence, 63, pp. 193-223.
98. Ann A. Copestake and Ted Briscoe (1995), 'Semi-productive Polysemy and Sense
Extension', Journal of Semantics, 12, pp. 15-67.
99. Viktor Raskin and Sergej Nirenburg (1996), Ten Choices for Lexical Semantics,
Computational Intelligence, pp. 1-39.
100. Graeme Hirst and Jane Morris (2004), Non-Classical Lexical Semantic
Relations, Workshop on Computational Lexical Semantics, Human Language
Technology Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for
Computational Linguistics, Boston, May 2004.