Standard Chapter6

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL
PAGE 1 OF 28
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
REVISION 2.1, SEP 2010
PIPENET VISION STANDARD MODULE

CHAPTER 6
FEED WATER SYSTEM
1.
Introduction
The PIPENET VISION Standard Module is widely used in the power industry. Some typical
applications include:
Main/reheat steam systems,

Condensate/feed water systems,
Cooling water systems,
Steam distribution systems,
Fuel oil systems,
Ventilation systems,
Compressed air systems.
In this chapter, we model a feed water system and analyse the results. The objectives of this
example are to learn how to do the following:
To model a filter.
To model a pump.
To use the heat-transfer mode and model a heat exchanger.
To add an orifice plate.
To model a bypass line.
The above goals form the main steps in the hydraulic modelling of a feed water system, and
they are considered in detail in the following example.
2.
The Network
In this system, water is pumped from the bottom of the water storage section of the deaerator.
While some of the water is distributed to the attemperators, the remaining water passes
through three high-pressure heat exchangers, and arrives at the economizer. There are three
50% capacity parallel-pump sets. Normally, two of them are in operation, and one is on
standby. Each pump set comprises of a boost pump and a feed water pump, and has a
bypass line for returning to the top of the trayed section of the deaerator, to maintain a
minimum flow rate. There is also a bypass line for the heat exchangers. Four orifice plates
are used to measure the flow rate. Some system parameters for this example are listed
below.

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Unit type:
System:
Pressure:
Temperature:
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
600MW supercritical,
Feed water system;
10.5 bar A (bottom of the water storage section of the deaerator),
10.2 bar A (top of the trayed section of the deaerator),
275 bar A (economizer side);
180 C (before heat exchangers).
3.
Model initialization
3.1
Title
Select either Options | Title (if the Windows Menu Style is in use) or Init Title (if the
PIPENET VISION Menu Style is in use) and input a description of the problem. The input title
appears in the header of the program, and is written to the calculation report.

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3.2
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Module Options
The Module Options Window is used for setting the simulation environments of the model,
which include (a) the options for the pressure model, (b) elevations, (c) warning control,
(d) the orifice plate model, and (e) heat transfer. Please note that the Heat transfer
option can be activated only when the fluid is water (which is set later, in the section
entitled Fluid).

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3.3
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Units
There is a comprehensive range of units available in the PIPENET VISION Standard Module.
If the system units are changed, PIPENET VISION can automatically convert the input data
into the new units. The Save as defaults option can be used to save the currently set units
as the default units (so that these units will be used when a new model is built). Here, the
display precision can be changed for each individual unit. The actual units that are used in the
current problem are tabulated below.

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Length
Diameter
Velocity
Temperature
Density
Viscosity
Power
Heat capacity
Pressure
Flow Type
Flow Rate
m
mm
m/s
Celcius
kg/m3
Pa.s
kW
J/kg K
bar Abs
Volumetric
m3/hr
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

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3.4
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Fluid
The fluid is set as water at 180 C.
3.5
Pipe Types
The user can add any built-in or user-defined pipe schedules to the current network in this
window. If the desired pipes are not included in the built-in library, a user-defined pipe
schedule must first be created in the pipe library. Two user-defined pipe schedules are
implemented in this example. If the user wishes to perform pipe sizing, the maximum-velocity
values in pipe types dialog can be used to calculate the pipe sizes. Since, in this example, all
of the pipe sizes are known, we leave maximum-velocity values to be unset.

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4.
Library Data
4.1
Pipe Schedules
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Two pipe schedules are created in the library (see Libraries | Schedules).

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4.1.1 Schedule 1
Name:
Pipe roughness:
Nominal Bore
(mm)
125
150
300
450
HP Feed Water Pipes,

0.04572 mm.
Internal Bore
(mm)
142
155
307.6
440
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

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STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
4.1.2 Schedule 2
Name:
Pipe roughness:
Nominal Bore
(mm)
150
350
450
4.2
LP Feed Water Pipes,

0.04572 mm.
Internal Bore
(mm)
152
353
461
Pumps
There are two different pump types in the library; namely, Pumps coefficients unknown
and Pumps coefficients known. In the former case, we input a set of data for the pump

PAGE 10 OF 28
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
head at various flow-rate values into the library. PIPENET VISION then uses this data to
calculate the pump-curve coefficients. However, if we already know the pump-curve
coefficients, we can use these coefficients to directly define pumps in the library for Pumps
coefficients known.
In this example, we define two pumps using the Pumps coefficients unknown approach.

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5.
Building the Network
5.1
Inputting the Network
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
We create the network in several stages. First of all, we draw the network with only one
pump-set branch at the deaerator side, as shown in the schematic below. Since the other two
parallel pump-set branches have the same structure, we can use the Area Tool of PIPENET
VISION to apply copy and paste commands to this branch and create the other two.

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STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

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5.2
Label
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Pipe Data
Input Output
Type
Diameter Length Elevation Roughness Additional
Node Node
(mm)
(m)
(m)
(mm)
K-factor
1
2
LP Feed Water Pipes
450
35
-25
0.0457
0
3
4
LP Feed Water Pipes
450
2
0
0.0457
0
5
6
LP Feed Water Pipes
350
8
0
0.0457
0
7
8
HP Feed Water Pipes
150
35
30
0.0457
0
9
10
LP Feed Water Pipes
150
2
0
0.0457
0
11
12
LP Feed Water Pipes
150
1
0
0.0457
0
7
13
HP Feed Water Pipes
300
1
0
0.0457
0
14
15
HP Feed Water Pipes
300
1
0
0.0457
0
16
17
HP Feed Water Pipes
300
20
0
0.0457
0
17
18
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
7
0
0.0457
0
18
19
HP Feed Water Pipes
125
25
8
0.0457
0
20
21
HP Feed Water Pipes
125
1
0
0.0457
0
18
22
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
10
0
0.0457
0
23
24
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
10
7
0.0457
0
25
26
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
10
7
0.0457
0
27
28
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
10
7
0.0457
0
29
30
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
2
0
0.0457
0
32
31
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
25
21
0.0457
0
31
33
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
48
0
0.0457
0
33
34
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
2
0
0.0457
0
35
36
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
2
0
0.0457
0
33
37
HP Feed Water Pipes
125
2
0
0.0457
0
38
36
HP Feed Water Pipes
125
2
0
0.0457
0
36
39
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
37
16
0.0457
0
Status
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal

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5.3
Fittings
Pipe
Label
1
3
4
5
6
7
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
5.4
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Fittings
Name
90 deg elbow
Gate valve
90 deg elbow
90 deg elbow
Tee (branch)
Gate valve
90 deg elbow
Gate valve
90 deg elbow
Gate valve
Tee (run)
90 deg elbow
Tee (branch)
Gate valve
90 deg elbow
Tee (branch)
90 deg elbow
90 deg elbow
Tee (run)
90 deg elbow
90 deg elbow
90 deg elbow
90 deg elbow
90 deg elbow
Tee (branch)
90 deg elbow
Tee (run)
Tee (run)
Tee (branch)
Tee (branch)
90 deg elbow
Number
5
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
5
1
1
2
1
3
3
3
3
5
1
7
1
1
1
1
6
Valve Data
Label Input Node Output Node
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
15
22
30
22
34
37
9
16
23
31
32
35
38
Type
Opening
Profile
Flow coeff.
Flow coeff.
Flow coeff.
Flow coeff.
Flow coeff.
Flow coeff.
Flow coeff.
Linear
Linear
Linear
Linear
Linear
Linear
Linear
Flow
Sensor
Coefficient Type
(m3/hr, bar)
20
None
1500
None
1500
None
1500
None
1500
None
1500
None
400
None
Valve
Setting
0
1
1
1
0
1
0

PAGE 15 OF 28
5.5
5.6
Heat Exchanger Data

Label
Input
Node
Output
Node
Heat Transfer
Rate (kW)
1
2
3
24
26
28
25
27
29
100000
100000
100000
1
2
Reference Pressure
Drop (Bar)
1
1
1
24
3
Type
Diameter
Diameter
Diameter
(mm)
300
250
Filter Data
Label
5.8
Reference
Flow Rate
(m/h)
1200
1200
1200
Orifice Data
Label Pipe Label
5.7
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Max Flow
Rate (m3/h)
1200
Quadratic
Coefficient
(m3/h bar)
-2e-007
Linear
Coefficient
(m3/h bar)
0
Input Specifications
Since all of the pipe sizes are known in this example, we can ignore the design specifications
and concentrate only on the analysis specifications. The pressures at the bottom of the water
storage section of the deaerator, the top of the trayed section of the deaerator, and the
economizer side are 10.5 bar A, 10.2 bar A, and 275 bar A respectively. The water
temperature at the deaerator side is 180 C, and the flow rate to the attemperaters is
150 m3/hr. Therefore, the analysis specifications are as follows.
5.9
Node
Description
1
12
21
39
Bottom of the water storage section of the deaerator

Top of the trayed section of the deaerator
Attemperater side
Economizer side
Pressure
(bar A)
10.5
10.2
Unset
275
Flow
(m/h)
Unset
Unset
150
Unset
Area Copy and Paste
If we compare the network that we have just finished with the one at the beginning of this
chapter, we can see that there are two pump-set branches missing. As explained earlier,
since the other two parallel pump-set branches have the same structure as the branch that
we have drawn, we can just use the Area Tool to copy/paste the first branch to create the
other two. Please note that the Area Tool will not only duplicate the schematic, but also all of
the attributes as well. The following are the detailed steps.

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STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Step 1
Firstly, click on the Area Tool, and select the area of the first pump-set branch that we created
earlier.
Area Tool

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Step 2
Right click and select Copy Ctrl+c.
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

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STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Step 3
Right click and select Paste Ctrl+v, and then the selected area is duplicated.

PAGE 19 OF 28
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

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Step 4
Drag the new duplicated area, and move it to the required location.
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

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Step 5
Repeat the above steps to produce the third pump-set branch.
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

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STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
Step 6
Add two pipes to link three pump-set branches together.
The data for the two new pipes is as follows. Please note that the labels for the pipe and
nodes may be different in your model, in which case, you should use the data below on the
appropriate items in your model.
Label
43
44
Input Output
Type
Diameter Length Elevation Roughness Additional Status
Node Node
(mm)
(m)
(m)
(mm)
K-factor
56
17
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
12
0
0.0457
0
Normal
73
56
HP Feed Water Pipes
450
12
0
0.0457
0
Normal

PAGE 23 OF 28
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
We can now can add the fittings for the two new pipes, and delete the tee (branch) fitting
from Pipe 34. These three pipes should now contain the following fittings. Again, the labels
may not be the same in your model (in which case, the data below is applicable to the
appropriate pipes in your model).
Pipe
Label
34
43
44
Fittings
Name
90 deg elbow
Gate valve
90 deg elbow
Tee (run)
90 deg elbow
Tee (run)
Number
4
1
2
1
2
1
Step 7
Since the right-hand pump-set branch is a standby line, the valve settings in this branch are
opposite to the corresponding valves in the other two branches. Therefore, we have to
change the settings of the valves in the standby pump-set branch as shown in the following
table. Note that the valve labels and node numbers may be different in your model, so please
apply the following data to the appropriate valves in your model.
Valve
Label
Input
Node
Output
Node
Type
Opening
Profile
11
10
71
64
72
65
Flow coeff.
Flow coeff.
Linear
Linear
Flow
Coefficient
(m3/hr, bar)
20
1500
Sensor
Type
Valve
Setting
None
None
1
0

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STANDARD: CHAPTER 6
The finished network is shown below. The calculation can now be performed.

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6.
Results
6.1
Velocity Results
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

PAGE 26 OF 28
6.2
Flow-rate Results
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

PAGE 27 OF 28
6.3
Pressure Results
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

PAGE 28 OF 28
6.3
Temperature Results
STANDARD: CHAPTER 6

Standard Chapter6

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PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION STANDARD MODULE

Main/reheat steam systems,

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

The fluid is set as water at 180 C.

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

HP Feed Water Pipes,

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

LP Feed Water Pipes,

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

Building the Network

Inputting the Network

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

Heat Exchanger Data

Bottom of the water storage section of the deaerator

Area Copy and Paste

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

PIPENET VISION TRAINING MANUAL

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