TURBINE ENGINES

Design of a working gas turbine engine had been

under way for years prior to WWII.
The war effort had brought about many advances in
gas turbine technology.
Advantages over reciprocating engines:
1- Increased reliability.
2- longer mean times between overhaul.
3- higher airspeeds.
4- Ease of operation at high altitudes.
5- high power to engine weight ratio.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

Newtons third law of motion
states that for every action there
is an equal and opposite reaction.
A squid takes sea water into its
body and uses its muscles to add
energy to the water, then expels
the water in the form of a jet.
This action produces a reaction
that propels the squid forward.
Jet propulsion take a quantity of
air and accelerating it through an
orifice or nozzle.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

Hero devised a toy called aeolipile used the reaction principle.
Inflated balloon is anther example of Newtons reaction
principle.
Dr. Sanford Moss submitted his master thesis on gas turbine in
1900.
He uses his concepts to develop turbo-supercharger.
Frank Whittle of England uses Dr. Moss research to develop the
first successful turbojet in 1930.
The engine completed its first flight in 1941, producing about
1000 lb at a speed over 400 miles/hr.
Hans Von Ohain, German engineer design and built a jet engine
that produced 1100 lb and made its first flight in 1939.
United states build its first jet engine which produces 1600 lb and
made its first flight in 1942.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

JET PROPULSION TODAY

The majority of commercial aircraft utilize some
form of jet propulsion.
Development of military and commercial aircraft
that moves faster than the speed of sound.
Extremely popular for use on business jets.

TYPES OF JET PROPULSION

1- ROCKET.
2- RAMJET.
3- PULSEJET.

4- GAS TURBINE ENGINE.

ROCKET
Non air breathing engine that carries its own fuel as well
as the oxygen needed for the fuel burn.
Types of rockets:
1- solid-propellant rockets.
2- liquid-propellant rockets.
Solid- propellant rockets use a solid fuel that is mixed
with an oxidizer and shaped into a specific shape that
promotes an optimum burning rate.
Produce extremely high velocity, and used to propel
some weapons and to provide additional thrust for take
off of heavy loaded aircraft.
Liquid-fuel rocket uses fuel and oxidizing agent such as
liquid oxygen carried in tanks aboard the rocket.
When mixed the reaction is so violent that produce a
tremendous amount of heat.