Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
I.In General
Definition - Art. 1458(1)
Villonco Realty Company v. Bormaheco, Inc., 65 SCRA 352, July 25, 1975
Ang Yu Asuncion v. Court of Appeals, 238 SCRA 602, December 2, 1994
Vda. De Ape v. Court of Appeals, 456 SCRA 193, April 15, 2005
Torcuator v. Bernabe, 459 SCRA 439, June 8, 2005
History
Governing Law RA No. 386 (August 30, 1950); Arts. 1488, 1637
Commercial & Civil Sales
Characteristics
consensual Art. 1475
bilateral - Art. 1458
onerous Art. 1350
commutative - Art. 2010
principal
nominate Art. 1458
Gaite v. Fonacier, 2 SCRA 830, July 31, 1961
Stages
Negotiation
Perfection Arts. 1315, 1475
Performance - Arts. 1191, 1403(2)
Consummation
Ainza v. Padua, 462 SCRA 614, June 30, 2005
Kinds of Sale - Arts. 1458(2), 1488, 1544, 1403,
Maceda Law, Recto Law, 1477, 1501)
As to the nature of the subject matter
Sale of real property
Sale of personal property
As to whether the object is tangible or intangible/corporeal or incorporeal
sale of thing
sale of right
As to validity or defect of the transaction
valid sale
rescissible
voidable
unenforceable
void
As to the presence or absence of condition
absolute sale
conditional sale [Art. 1458]
contract to sell
McCullough v. Berger, 43 Phil 823, September 26, 1922
Dichoso v. Roxas, 5 SCRA 781, July 31, 1962
Luzon Brokerage v. Maritime Building, 43 SCRA 93, January 21, 1972
Portic v. Cristobal, 456 SCRA 577, April 22, 2005
Heirs of Jesus M. Mascunana v. Court of Appeals, 461 SCRA 186, June 23,
2005
Ursal v. Court of Appeals, 473 SCRA 52, October 14, 2005
Carrascoso, Jr. v. Court of Appeals, 477 SCRA 666, December 14, 2005
Sacobia Hills Devt Corp. v. Ty, 470 SCRA 395, September 20, 2005
Keppel Bank V. Adao, 473 SCRA 372, October 19, 2005
Edrada v. Ramos, 468 SCRA 597, August 31, 2005
Distinguished from other transactions
1. Contract for a Piece of Work (Massachusetts Rule) - Art. 1467
2. Contract of Lease with Option to Buy
3. Dacion en Pago Art. 1245
Barter or Exchange Arts. 1468, 1638, 1954
Agency to Sell Art. 1466
Heacock v. Buntal Manufacturing Co., 66 Phil 245, September 26, 1938
Quiroga v. Parsons Hardware, 38 Phil 501, August 23, 1918
Ker v. Lingad, 38 SCRA 524, April 30, 1971
Del Monte Phils. v. Aragones, 461 SCRA 139, June 23, 2005
II.Elements of a Contract of Sale
Essential Elements
Consent of the contracting parties
Parties to the Contract
Capacity of Parties- Arts. 1489, 1390, 1403
absolute - Arts. 1327-1328, Art. 234Family Code (FC) as amended by RA
6809
relative Art. XII, Secs. 7 & 8, 1987 Constitution
Arts. 1490-1492, 1533(5), 1476(4), 124FC,
Rodriguez v. Mactal, 60 Phil 13, April 4, 1934
Rubias v. Batiller, 51 SCRA 120, May 29, 1973
Miguel v. Catalino, 26 SCRA 234, November 29, 1968
Estate of Salvador Serra Serra v. Heirs of Primitivo Hernaez, 466 SCRA 120,
August 9, 2005
Mapalo v. Mapalo, 17 SCRA 114, May 19, 1966
Subject matter (things & rights)- Arts. 1347, 1311, 1636(goods)
Requisites- Arts. 1458(1), 1459-1462, 1347-1349
Natural Elements
warranties
subrogation
Accidental Elements
III.Perfection of the Contract
When perfected- Arts. 1475-1476, 1479(1)
Cruz v. Fernando, Sr., supra
Contract of Option- Arts. 1479, 1324
Sanchez v. Rigos, 145 SCRA 368, June 14, 1972
Equatorial Realty Devt, Inc. v. Mayfair Theater, Inc., 264 SCRA 483,
November 21, 1996
Formalities of Contract of Sale (Statutes of Fraud) - Arts. 1483, 1403, 1625,
1356-1358, 1874; Sec. 22 Act 1147 (Cattle Registration Act)
Paredes v. Espino, 22 SCRA 1000, March 13, 1968
Inigo v. Maloto, 21 SCRA 246, September 28, 1967
Cuyugan v. Santos, 34 Phil 100, March 3, 1916
Dalion v. Court of Appeals, 182 SCRA 872, February 28, 1990
Yuvienco v. Dacuycuy, 104 SCRA 668, May 27, 1981
Vda. De Jomoc v. Court of Appeals, 200 SCRA 74, August 2, 1991
Santos v. Manalili, 475 SCRA 679, November 22, 2005
IV.Rights and Obligations of the Vendor - Art. 1495
To transfer ownership
Who can transfer ownership?
General Rule - Arts. 1505-1506, 1547
Cuison v. Remoto, 472 SCRA 274, October 11, 2005
Exceptions: Art. 1505
Estoppel- Arts. 1431, 1433-1434
Sale by an apparent owner
Purchase at Merchants Store, Market or Fair Art. 559
Sun Bros. v. Velasco, 54 O.G. 5143, August 11, 1958
Salonga v. Concepcion, 470 SCRA 291, September 20, 2005
Sigaya v. Mayuga, 467 SCRA 341, August 18, 2005
Premiere Devt Bank v. Court of Appeals, 453 SCRA 630, March 18, 2005
Siy Cong Bieng and Co. v. HSBC, 56 Phil 598 [1932]
Masiclat v. Centeno, May 31, 1956
When/How transfer is effected? - Arts. 1477, 1459, 1496, 1547, 1588
General Rule:
Ilao-Quianay v. Mapile, 474 SCRA 246, October 25, 2005
Exceptions:
sale or return - Art. 1502(1)
sale on approval or trial Art. 1502(2)
conditional sales - Arts. 1478, 1503(1), 1458(2)
Vallarta v. Court of Appeals, 150 SCRA 336, May 29, 1987
Risk of Loss or Deterioration (Total/Partial)- Arts. 1504, 1480, 1493-1494,
1538(1189), 1163, 1174
General Rule: Res perit domino
Exceptions:
Stipulation
Security Title
Delay
Lawyers Cooperative v. Tabora, 13 SCRA 762, April 30, 1965
De Lizardi v. Yaptico, 30 Phil 211, March 22, 1915
Sun Bros. Appliances v. Perez, 7 SCRA 977, April 30, 1963
Double Sales- Art.1544
Rule (Movables/Immovables)
Cuison v. Remoto, supra
Ulep v. Court of Appeals, 472 SCRA 274, October 11, 2005
Sigaya v. Mayuga, supra
Bautista v. Sioson, 39 Phil 615, February 11, 1919
Lichauco v. Berenguer, 39 Phil 643, February 27, 1919
Paylago v. Jarabe, 22 SCRA 1247, March 27, 1968
Quimson v. Rosete, 87 Phil 159, August 9, 1950
When not applicable?
unregistered lands