GIS and Remote Sensing

GIS remain the most outstanding means of interpreting,

CHAPTER 5

ROLE OF GIS AND REMOTE SENSING

APPLICATIONS IN GROUND WATER PROSPECTUS
MAPPING

manipulating and storage of this data. Ground water

resources are dynamic in nature as they grow with the
expansion of irrigation activities, industrialization,
urbanization etc.
RS;- Since remote sensing is associated with surface
observation of features and the prediction of subsurface
features, then an integration of remote sensing data with
ground truth data will give a better understanding of the
subsurface structures. Some of the features usually
considered are geology, soil type, lin

By: Eng..M..M.qawdhan
BSc. Water Engineering
MSc. Water and Land

Satellite Images
Satellite image which is acquired through remote sensing

reveals much information about the various features on

the surface of the, 2008).
Imaging of the earth in various wave lengths within the
electromagnetic spectrum from the ultraviolet to the
infrared regions yields a wide range of detail about earth
surface structure and physical properties; vegetation and
cultural development. Most of the imaging is done by
passive techniques using radiations emitted by
objects being viewed, but much useful work can be done
with active components like RADAR. Long wave radar
can sometimes detect groundwater levels at depths of a
few meters and other subsurface features, such as buried
channels but only if all conditions are suitable

Cont
Satellite photos with the help of ground check are

used to produce thematic maps; land and water

use map and plant cover map,
the surface features contained in the imagery of
the reflected shorter wavelengths relate to the
surface
expressions
of
geological
and
geomorphological features and land cover, hence
indirect hydrogeological information is obtained.

Data and Methodology

Groundwater potential zones

Sources of data
Free website,
Agency,
Government
Etc

Groundwater potential zones are mainly

Methods
GIS and RS

based on ground surveys. With the advent

of remote sensing and Geographic
Information System (GIS) technologies.
the mapping of groundwater potential
zones within each geological unit has
become an easy procedure

The groundwater conditions vary significantly depending

upon the
Slope,
Depth of weathering,
Presence of fractures,
Surface water bodies,

Case study

canals,
Irrigated fields ect.

These factors can be interpreted or analyzed in GIS using

remote sensing data

CONTENTS:

OBJECTIVE
Objective.
Major factors controling ground water regime.
Methodology
Case study.

Preparing ground water prospectus mapping of study

area
Demarcation of zones having different groundwater
potentiality is an important task in overall water
resources development, planning and management.

Conclusion.

The groundwater exploration approach using i remote

sensing, geological and GIS techniques.

METHODOLOGY
MAJOR FACTORS CONTROLING
GROUND WATER REGIME

Geology / Lithology
Geological structures
Geomorphology / Landform
Weather conditions
Recharge Conditions

The st udy area i s

situated in Mirzapur
district of Uttar
Pradesh.

DATA USED
The followings data were used for the study :
Remotely sensed data, viz. IRS 1B LISS II, of
scale
1:50,000

CASE STUDY:

SATELLITE IMAGE OF STUDY AREA

IRS LISS III IMAGE

SCALE 1:50,000

CONCLUSION
In order to delineate the groundwater potential zones, in general,
different thematic layers viz: hydrogeomorphology, lineaments, slope,
drainage .
The groundwater potential zone map generated through this model was
verified with the yield data to ascertain the validity of the model developed
and found that it is in agreement with the bore wells yield data.
The present study has demonstrated the capabilities of using remote
sensing, geophysical data and Geographical Information System for
demarcation of different ground water potential zones.