Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
CULTURE
HOFSTEDES FRAMEWORK
FOR ASSESSING CULTURES
1
LOW/HIGH POWER
DISTANCE
Low power distance
INDIVIDUALISM/
COLLECTIVISM
Collectivist
Individualist
we mentally
I mentally
MASCULINITY /
FEMININITY
Masculinity
Femininity
Ambition motivates
Quality of life
Service motivates
Live to work
Work to live
4
Indias score : 40 (2010)
LOW/HIGH UNCERTAINTY
AVOIDANCE
High uncertainty avoidance
Ambiguity is tolerated
Toleration of innovation
SHORT/LONG TERM
ORIENTATION
ShortTerm Orientation
Multi-cultural team of 170 scholars from around the world worked together
to survey 17,000 managers in 3 industries: financial services, food
processing, and telecommunications.
3. In-group collectivism:
o India: 5.92 (rank 4).
o Philippines: 6.36 (highest score).
4. Uncertainty avoidance:
o India: 4.15 (rank 29).
o Switzerland: 5.37 (highest score) .
Source: Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., & House, R (Eds) .(2007). Culture and leadership across the world. The
GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Mahwah, New Jersey.
"Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness" (GLOBE) Research Program was conceived in
1991 by Robert J. House of the Wharton School of Business.
7. Future orientation:
India : 4.19 (rank 15).
Singapore: 5.07 (highest score).
8. Gender egalitarianism:
India: 2.90 (rank 55).
Hungary: 4.08 (highest score).
9. Humane orientation:
India: 4.57 (Rank 9).
Zambia: 5.23 (highest score).
ASSESSING
CULTURE
Positive solidarity gets the job done efficiently and effectively. Negative
solidarity does not care for other people and can have high levels of
internal conflict or inefficient self-interest.
***Rob Goffee and Gareth Jones, The Character of the Corporation, 1998
FOUR ORGANIZATIONAL
CULTURES
NETWORKED CULTURE: this type of organizational culture is
characterized by high levels of sociability and low levels of
solidarity.
Mercenary culture: this type of organizational culture is
characterized by a low degree of sociability and a high degree
of solidarity.
Fragmented culture: this type of organizational culture is
characterized by a low degree of sociability and a low degree
of solidarity.
Communal culture: in the double s cube, this type of
organizational culture is characterized by both a high degree
of sociability and a high degree of solidarity.
Adhocracy
Hierarchy
Market
External Focus,
Differentiation, &
Rivalry
CLAN
Common Characteristics:
Friendly place to work
High degree of individual development
Leaders play developmental roles
Promotion from within
Long tenures
HIERARCHY
Common Characteristics:
Leader role = organizing, monitoring, and evaluating
subordinates
Financial and production functions are relatively
powerful
MARKET
Common Characteristics:
Directed toward competing in their market segment
Leaders use strict performance measures to control
subordinate behavior
Good for competitive, driven people
ADHOCRACY
Common Characteristics:
Leaders play entrepreneurial role
Constant competition to be first to market
Risk taking encouraged
Intense place to work