1.

During inspiration the pressure in the lungs

increases.
A) True
B) False

10 The trachea lies behind or dorsal to the

esophagus.
A) True
B) False

2. During expiration, ________ pressure in the

thoracic cavity causes air to leave the lungs.
A) increased
B) decreased
C) vacuum
D) hydraulic

11. The esophagus opens only during ________.

A) inhaling
B) exhaling
C) speaking
D) swallowing

3. Air passing along the respiratory tract is

________.
A) filtered
B) warmed
C) moistened with water
D) all of the above
4. In the nose, the cilia beat upward carrying
mucus and dust.
A) True
B) False
5. As air moves out during expiration, it cools
and loses its moisture.
A) True
B) False
6. The human nose contains _____ nasal
cavities.
A) one
B) two
C) four
D) eight
7. The nasal cavities empty into the _________.
A) larynx
B) glottis
C) trachea
D) epiglottis
8. The moist membranes of the respiratory tract
are protected by ________.
A) a dry epidermal surface
B) cartilage rings
C) mucus and cilia
D) roving macrophages from the lymphatic
system
9. The ________ lead(s) from the nasopharynx
to the middle ears.
A) larynx
B) glottis
C) trachea
D) epiglottis

12. The epiglottis prevents food from entering

the larynx.
A) True
B) False
13. The ________ is the voice box.
A)
B)
C)
D)

larynx
glottis
trachea
epiglottis

14. The ________ is held open by cartilaginous

rings.
A) larynx
B) glottis
C) trachea
D) epiglottis
15. In expiration, diaphragm becomes
A) Flattened
B) Relaxed
C) Straightened
D) Arched
16. The trachea divides into two ________.
A) turbinates
B) nasal passages
C) subtrachea
D) bronchi
17. The bronchi lead into the right and left
________.
A) larynx
B) glottis
C) trachea
D) lungs
E) auditory or eustachian tubes
18. The bronchi branch into smaller passages
called ________.
A)
B)
C)
D)

alveoli
bronchioles
microtrachea
bronchiettes

19. Each bronchiole terminates in a space

enclosed by a multitude of air pockets called
________.
A)
B)
C)
D)

alveoli
bronchioles
microtrachea
pleural membranes

20. During an asthma attack the bronchioles

dilate.
A) True
B) False
21. The right lung has ________ lobes and the
left lung has ________ lobe(s).
A) two, one
B) two, three
C) three, two
D) four, three
22. Each alveolar sac is surrounded by
________.
A) arteries
B) veins
C) capillaries
D) primarily lymphatic ducts
23. Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air
that can be moved in and out during a single
breath.
A) True
B) False
24. Respiration includes _____________.
A)
B)
C)
D)

breathing
external respiration
internal respiration
cellular respiration

25 The amount of air moved in and out with

each breath is called the __________.
A) vital capacity
B) tidal volume
C) residual volume
D) dead space
E) ventilation rate
26 Air remaining in the lungs after very deep
breathing is called the ________.
A)
B)
C)
D)

vital capacity
tidal volume
residual volume
dead space

27 Residual volume is vital in providing a

reservoir for gas exchange.
A) True

B) False
28. The maximum volume of air that can be
moved in and out during a single breath is
called the _________.
A) vital capacity
B) tidal volume
C) residual volume
D) dead space
29. Most of the ribs are hinged to the vertebral
column at the back and to the ________ at the
front.
A) ventricles
B) sternum
C) pleural membranes
D) diaphragm
30. The ________ forms the floor of the thoracic
cavity.
A) ventricle
B) sternum
C) pleural membrane
D) diaphragm
31. The lungs are enclosed by the ________ .
A) alveolar integument
B) bronchiole membranes
C) pleural membranes
D) diaphragm
32. In its relaxed state, the diaphragm is
_____________.
A) horizontally flattened
B) vertically flattened
C) V-shaped like a set mousetrap
D) dome-shaped.
33. As the thoracic cavity increases in size, the
lungs expand and air rushes in.
A) True
B) False
34. Inspiration is the passive phase of breathing.
A) True
B) False
35. During inspiration the following occurs:
A)
B)
C)
D)

diaphragm muscles contract.

rib muscles contract.
the lungs expand and air rushes in.
all of the above.

36 Humans breathe by negative pressure.

A) True
B) False
37 The diaphragm and external intercostal
muscles are ________ when expiration occurs.

A)
B)
C)
D)

contracted
relaxed
flexed
both relaxed (diaphragm) and flexed
(intercostal muscles)

38 The respiratory center is located in the

________.
A) individual body muscles that use up
oxygen
B) alveoli
C) medulla oblongata
D) diaphragmatic center
39. The primary stimulus or stimuli for the
respiratory center is/are _________.
A)
B)
C)
D)

carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions

oxygen gas levels in the blood
oxygen gas levels in the hemoglobin
conscious feeling for the need for more
oxygen

40. The respiratory center is directly affected by

low oxygen levels.
A) True
B) False
41. Chemical receptors in carotid bodies
respond to _____.
A) hydrogen ion concentration
B) levels of carbon dioxide in the blood
C) levels of oxygen in the blood
D) all of the above
42. When blood levels of carbon dioxide rise, the
rate and depth of breathing _________.
A) decreases
B) increases
C) stays the same
D) stops
43. The respiratory center sends out nerve
impulses to the _________ .
A) control center in the brain
B) muscles of the body that regulate use of
oxygen
C) diaphragm and rib cage
D) carotid and aortic bodies
44. During ________ respiration, the
respiratory pigment hemoglobin combines with
oxygen in the lungs.
A) internal
B) external
C) aerobic cellular
D) circulatory

45. During internal respiration, hemoglobin

gives up carbon dioxide to the cells.
A) True
B) False