LMS Variabili Grafici

Other Elements
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Other Elements
Body
In the following variable descriptions, "local" refers to the coordinate system of the center of gravity for the body.
Quantities are given at the center of gravity unless otherwise noted. Please note, however, that for flexible bodies
the "local" reference frame is not the flexible body"s center of gravity, but rather its grid origin reference frame.
Primary:
<body element name>
Secondary:
x, y, z
Cartesian coordinates.
e0, e1, e2, e3
Euler parameter coordinates.
xd, yd, zd
Cartesian velocities.
e0d, e1d, e2d, e3d
Euler parameter velocities.
xdd, ydd, zdd
Cartesian accelerations.
e0dd, e1dd, e2dd, e3dd Euler parameter accelerations.

wx, wy, wz
Rotational velocities about the global axes.
wxl, wyl, wzl
Rotational velocities about the local CG axis systems.
wxd, wyd, wzd
Rotational accelerations about the global axes.
wxld, wyld, wzld
Rotational accelerations about the local CG axis systems.
xld, yld, zld
Local linear velocities.
xldd, yldd, zldd
Local linear accelerations.
fx, fy, fz
Components of total force applied to the CG axis system of the

body, including gravitational force and ground constraint
reaction force. The individual forces that make up these
components can be recovered by creating an expression
containing force sensors of the body. See the documentation for
the Expression element.
tx, ty, tz
Components of total torque applied to the CG axis system of

the body, including ground constraint reaction torque and
Coriolis torque. The individual forces that make up these
fmg, tmg
Magnitude of the total force and torque applied to the CG axis

of the body. The individual forces that make up these
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The following arguments are not available as animation features:

xrf, yrf, zrf
Global position of the reference frame.
e0rf, e1rf, e2rf, e3rf
Euler parameter coordinates of the reference frame.
pmg
Magnitude of position.
vmg
Magnitude of velocity.
amg
Magnitude of acceleration.
wmg
Magnitude of rotational velocity.
wdmg
Magnitude of rotational acceleration.
ba1, ba2, ba3
Bryant angles. See Transformation Methods for additional

information.
ea1, ea2, ea3
Euler angles. See Transformation Methods for additional

information.
a11rf, a21rf, a31rf, a12rf, Components of the 3x3 transformation matrix cosines of the
a22rf, a32rf, a13rf, a23rf, body reference frame to world. The matrix is as follows:
a33rf
a11rf a12rf a13rf
a21rf a22rf a23rf
a31rf a32rf a33rf
This matrix can be used to transform a body's NCBF back to
global.
yaw
First angle of a body-3 321 rotation sequence.
pitch
Second angle of a body-3 321 rotation sequence.
roll
Third angle of a body-3 321 rotation sequence.
Curve(not available as animation features)
Primary:
<curve element name>

To create a curve displaying the data in a curve element give the name of the curve
element as the X-coordinate argument and leave out the Y-coordinate argument. This
only works for Spline explicit or Spline incremental curves with Number rows equal to 1.
For other curve types the results are undefined. The curve is drawn with exactly 60
sample points spaced equally over their range of the given data.
Differential Equation
Primary:
<differential equation element name>
Secondary:
val
The integrated value in time of the expression input into the

differential equation element.
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vald
The value of the expression element input into the differential

equation element.
Expression
Primary:
<expression element name>
Secondary:
value
The value of the expression.
Refer to Expression Parameter Types for additional information.

Flexible(not available as animation features)
Primary:
<flexible element name>
Secondary:
mode
Modal coordinate displacement.

You will enter the integer value identifying the mode number in
the window after the selection is made.
moded
Modal coordinate velocity.

modedd
Modal coordinate acceleration.

node
Flexible body node value.

You will enter the integer value identifying the node number in
Tertiary:
node_x_disp,
node_y_disp,
node_z_disp
The displacement of the node (delta from the node position)

reported in the grid coordinate system.
node_xl, node_yl,
node_zl
The position of the node reported in the grid coordinate

system, i.e. the displacement added to the node position.
node_xld, node_yld,
node_zld
The velocity of the node in the grid coordinate system.
node_xldd, node_yldd,
node_zldd
The acceleration of the node in the grid coordinate system.
node_xwl, node_ywl,
node_zwl
The rotational velocity of the node reported in the grid

coordinate system.
node_x_glob,
node_y_glob,
node_z_glob
The position of the node reported in the mechanism global

coordinate system.
State Equation Belt/Cable Element
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Each state equation belt/cable element reports two records of data for the belt or cable followed by two records of
data for each pulley associated with that belt or cable. For example:
BELT/CABLE1
PULLEY1 for BELT/CABLE1
BELT/CABLE2
Note: Both the solver results file and the user interface recognize the same number of
pulleys for cable elements; The start and end bodies for a cable are NOT considered
pulleys. Instead, their force data is reported as part of the belt/cable data on the first two
records. For belt elements, all the start body and end body data are zeroes.
Belt/cable Record 1:
Pos.
Abbrev.
Description
Magnitude
axleux
Global unit vector, x coordinate
Length
axleuy
Global unit vector, y coordinate
Length
axleuz
Global unit vector, z coordinate
Length
blen
Calculated belt/cable length
Length
bdisp
Belt/cable displacement
Length
bvel
Belt/cable velocity
Linear_velocity
fstiff
Stiffness forces
Force
fdamp
Damping forces
Force
bftens
Normal belt/cable tension
Force
sfx
X component of global reaction force on cable start body
Force
10
sfy
Y component of global reaction force on cable start body
Force
11
sfz
Z component of global reaction force on cable start body
Force
12
stx
X component of global reaction moment on cable start body
Moment
13
sty
Y component of global reaction moment on cable start body
Moment
14
stz
Z component of global reaction moment on cable start body
Moment
15
sbdisp
Belt displacement for cable start body
Length
16
sbvel
Belt velocity for cable start body
Linear_velocity
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17
sfstiff
Stiffness force for cable start body
Force
18
sfdamp
Damping force for cable start body
Force
19
sftens
Belt tension force for cable start body
Force
Belt/cable Record 2:
Pos.
Abbrev.
Description
Magnitude
efx
X component of global reaction force on cable end body
Force
efy
Y component of global reaction force on cable end body
Force
efz
Z component of global reaction force on cable end body
Force
etx
X component of global reaction moment on cable end body
Moment
ety
Y component of global reaction moment on cable end body
Moment
etz
Z component of global reaction moment on cable end body
Moment
ebdisp
Belt displacement for cable end body
Length
ebvel
Belt velocity for cable end body
Linear_velocity
efstiff
Stiffness force for cable end body
Force
efdamp
Damping force for cable end body
Force
10
eftens
Belt tension force for cable end body
Force
Pulley Record 1:
Pos.
Abbrev.
Description
Magnitude
rad
Pulley radius
Length
wrpang
Wrap angle of belt/cable on pulley
Angle
orient
Orientation of wrapped belt/cable
Angle
pbdisp
Belt/cable displacement
Length
pbvel
Belt/cable velocity
Linear_velocity
pfstiff
Stiffness force
Force
pfdamp
Damping force
Force
pftens
Belt/cable tension force
Force
fnorm
Normal force
Force
fside
Side force
Force
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10
vslip
Velocity slip
Linear_velocity
11
slip
Rotational slip
Angular_velocity
12
ffrict
Friction force circumferential (first or only part of pulley)
Force
13
fx
X component of global reaction force on pulley
Force
14
fy
Y component of global reaction force on pulley
Force
15
fz
Z component of global reaction force on pulley
Force
16
tx
X component of global reaction moment on pulley
Moment
17
ty
Y component of global reaction moment on pulley
Moment
18
tz
Z component of global reaction moment on pulley
Moment
Pulley Record 2:
Pos.
Abbrev.
Description
Magnitude
fx2
X component of global reaction force on 2nd part of pulley
Force
fy2
Y component of global reaction force on 2nd part of pulley
Force
fz2
Z component of global reaction force on 2nd part of pulley
Force
tx2
X component of global reaction moment on 2nd part of pulley
Moment
fy2
Y component of global reaction moment on 2nd part of pulley
Moment
tz2
Z component of global reaction moment on 2nd part of pulley
Moment
ffrict2
Friction force circumferential on 2nd part of pulley
Force
Time Series (Output)
These elements do not report to the binary file. They report to other files defined within the element. However,
the Load and Expression Time Series Output elements reference one or more expression elements that are
reported to the binary file.
Track
Primary:
<track superelement name>
Secondary:
idfy, idfz
Idler forces in the chassis coordinate system.
spfy, spfz
Sprocket forces in the chassis coordinate system.
tennn
Track segment tension where nn is an integer value identifying

the segment number, in the range 1-14.
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following secondary argument requires a tertiary argument.
Tertiary:
rwnn
Road wheel number where nn is an integer value identifying the

road wheel.
fcrx, fcry, fcrz
Force on chassis at road arm attachment point.
fcdx, fcdy, fcdz
Force on chassis at damper attachment point.
fcsx, fcsy, fcsz
Force on chassis at spring attachment point.
fcbx, fcby, fcbz
Force on chassis at bump stop attachment point.
tcrx, tcry, tcrz
Torque on chassis at road arm attachment point.
frcx, frcy, frcz
Force on road arm at chassis attachment point.
frdx, frdy, frdz
Force on road arm at damper attachment point.
frsx, frsu, frsz
Force on road arm at spring attachment point.
frbx, frby, frbz
Force on road arm at bump stop attachment point.
frwx, frwu, frwz
Force on road arm at wheel attachment point.
trcx, trcy, trcz
Torque on road arm at chassis attachment point.
trwx, trwy, trwz
Torque on road arm at wheel attachment point.
px, py, pz
Global point of interest position.
pxd, pyd, pzd
Global point of interest velocity.
pxdd, pydd, pzdd
Global point of interest acceleration.
th, thd, thdd
Road arm relative angle position velocity, and acceleration.
dp, dpd
Damper relative displacement and velocity.
sp, spd
Spring relative displacement and velocity.
bp, bpd
Bump stop relative displacement and velocity.
The track superelement now reports additional track midpoint coordinate data. These coordinates locate the
midpoint of each track segment in the Y Z plane of the sprocket coordinate system. The number of both the new
midpoint coordinates as well as the track tension values depends on the number of road wheels defined for the
particular track superelement. The number of track tension values can be two more than the number of road
wheels. The number of track midpoint coordinate pairs can be one more than the number of road wheels. Because
the number of road wheels for a particular track superelement cannot exceed 12, the number of track tension
values cannot exceed 14 and the number of coordinate pairs cannot exceed 13. Track tension values are plotted
using the variable name TENn, where n varies from 1 to a maximum of 14. Track midpoint coordinate values are
plotted using the variable names MIDYn and MIDZn, where n varies from 1 to a maximum of 13.
Because the number of these variables can also change depending on whether or not the track includes an idler,
we consider each configuration separately. In addition, the midpoint coordinates also depend on the value of the
Track.flag attribute. Midpoint coordinates are reported only if Track.flag is set to TRACK_WITH_BRIDGING. If
Track.flag is set to either NO_TRACK or TRACK_WITHOUT_BRIDGING, no midpoint coordinates are reported.
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Track with Idler Schematic

If the track includes an idler, there are two more tension values than the number of road wheels. The first tension
is between the sprocket and the idler, the next between the idler and road wheel 1, etc. The final tension value is
between the last road wheel and the sprocket.
The order of the track midpoint coordinates is similar to the track tension values, except that no midpoint
coordinates are reported for the track segment between the sprocket and the idler. Instead, the first pair of
midpoint coordinates are for the track segment between the idler and road wheel 1, the next for the track
segment between road wheels 1 and 2, etc. The final pair of coordinates is for the track segment between the last
road wheel and the sprocket.
Track without Idler Schematic

If the track doesnt include an idler, then you have one less tension value and one less pair of midpoint
coordinates. The first tension value is for the track segment between the sprocket and the first road wheel and
the first coordinate pair is for the track segment between road wheels 1 and 2.
06/02/2012 14.23

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Other Elements

<body element name>

e0, e1, e2, e3

Euler parameter coordinates.

e0d, e1d, e2d, e3d

Euler parameter velocities.

xdd, ydd, zdd

e0dd, e1dd, e2dd, e3dd Euler parameter accelerations.

Rotational velocities about the global axes.

wxl, wyl, wzl

Rotational velocities about the local CG axis systems.

wxd, wyd, wzd

Rotational accelerations about the global axes.

wxld, wyld, wzld

Rotational accelerations about the local CG axis systems.

xld, yld, zld

Local linear velocities.

xldd, yldd, zldd

Local linear accelerations.

Components of total force applied to the CG axis system of the

Components of total torque applied to the CG axis system of

Magnitude of the total force and torque applied to the CG axis

The following arguments are not available as animation features:

Global position of the reference frame.

e0rf, e1rf, e2rf, e3rf

Euler parameter coordinates of the reference frame.

Magnitude of rotational velocity.

Magnitude of rotational acceleration.

ba1, ba2, ba3

Bryant angles. See Transformation Methods for additional

ea1, ea2, ea3

Euler angles. See Transformation Methods for additional

First angle of a body-3 321 rotation sequence.

Second angle of a body-3 321 rotation sequence.

Third angle of a body-3 321 rotation sequence.

Curve(not available as animation features)

<curve element name>

<differential equation element name>

The integrated value in time of the expression input into the

The value of the expression element input into the differential

<expression element name>

The value of the expression.

Refer to Expression Parameter Types for additional information.

<flexible element name>

Modal coordinate displacement.

Modal coordinate velocity.

Modal coordinate acceleration.

Flexible body node value.

The displacement of the node (delta from the node position)

The position of the node reported in the grid coordinate

The velocity of the node in the grid coordinate system.

The acceleration of the node in the grid coordinate system.

The rotational velocity of the node reported in the grid

The position of the node reported in the mechanism global

State Equation Belt/Cable Element

Global unit vector, x coordinate

Global unit vector, y coordinate

Global unit vector, z coordinate

Calculated belt/cable length

Normal belt/cable tension

X component of global reaction force on cable start body

Y component of global reaction force on cable start body

Z component of global reaction force on cable start body

X component of global reaction moment on cable start body