ANALOGY

Analogy means corresponding one. A particular relationship is given and another similar relationship has to
be found out/identified from the alternatives provided. These tests are conducted to test the candidates
overall knowledge, power of reasoning and ability to think concisely and accurately.

KIND OF RELATIONSHIPS:
1. Study and topic of Relationship:
Ex. Astrology: Future.
We know astrology is study of future.
A few examples are given below
1. Botany
:
Plants
3. Ethnology :
Human races
5. Mycology
:
Fungi
2. Worker and Tool Relationship:
Ex. Farmer: Plough
We know plough is the tool used by a farmer.
Examples:
1. Tailor
:
Needle
3. Soldier
:
Gun
5. Doctor
:
Stethoscope
3. Worker and Product:
Ex. Butcher: Meat A butcher makes and sells meat.
Examples:
1. Poet
:
Poem
3. Tailor
:
Clothes
` 5. Teacher
:
Education
4. Instrument and Measurement:
Ex. Scale
: Length
A scale is used to measure length.
Examples:
1. Rain Gauge :
Rain
3. Odometer :
Speed
5. Sphygmomanometer : Blood Pressure
5. Animal and Young One:
Ex. Cow : `Calf
Calf is the young one of cow.
Examples:
1. Cat
:
3. Butterfly
:
5. Insect
:
6. Male and Female:
Ex. Horse: Mare

Kitten
Caterpillar
Larva

2.Zoology
4.Otology

:
:

Animals
Eggs

2. Gardener
4. Mason

:
:

Harrow
Plumb line

2. Editor
4. Hunter

:
:

Newspaper
Prey

2. Anemometer :
4. Seismograph :

Wind Vane
Earthquakes

2. Dog
4. Duck

Puppy
Duckling

:
:

Mare is the female of Horse.

Examples:
1. Stag
:
3. Son
:
5. Stag
:

Doe
Daughter
Doe

7. Word and Synonym:

Ex. Dearth: Scarcity
Thus, scarcity is the synonym of dearth.
Examples:
1. Solicit
:
Request
3. Sedate
:
Calm
5. Presume
:
Assume

2.Drone
4. Tiger

:
:

Bee
Tigress

2. Fallacy
4. Alight

:
:

Illusion
Descend

:
:

Abrupt
Float

8. Word and Antonym:

Ex. Cruel: Kind
Kind is the opposite of cruel. Thus kind is the antonym of cruel.
Examples:
1. Ignore
:
Notice
2. Gradual
3. Best
:
Worst
4. Sink
5. Cordial
:
Hostile.

Note: For answering reasoning questions, a certain degree of language skills has to be developed keenly.
Please keep an English Dictionary by your side whenever you read Reasoning and update your language skills
by learning more synonyms and antonyms.

CLASS EXERCISE
Directions: In each of the following questions, there is a certain relation between two given words on one
side of: and one word is given on another side of: while another word is to be found from the given
alternatives, having the same relation with this world as the word of the given pair bear. Choose the correct
alternative.
1. Seismograph: Earthquake : : Taseometer : ?
(a) Volcanoes (b) Resistances (c) Landslides (d) Strains
2. Appliqu: Ornament : : Impound : ?
(a) Confiscate (b) Powder
(c) Grab

(d) Snatch

3. Pig : Farrow : : Dog : ?

(a) Mare
(b) Puppy

(c) Bitch

(d) Colt

4. Line : Square : : Arc : ?

(a) Ring
(b) Sphere

(c) Circle

(d) Ball

5. Oriel : Room : : Tendon : ?

(a) Blood
(b) Muscles

(c) Veins

(d) Liver

6. Shark : Fish : : Lavender : ?

(a) Shrub

(b) Tree

(c) Herb

(d) Climber

7. Tanning : Leather : : Pyrotechnics : ?

(a) Wool
(b) Fireworks (c) Machinery (d) Bombs
8. Legend : Story : : Merlin : ?
(a) Hawk
(b) Eagle

(c) Crow

(d) Parakeet

9. Calendar : Dates : : Dictionary : ?

(a) Vocabulary (b) Language (c) Words

(d) Book

10. Sikkim : Gangtok : : Manipur : ?

(a) Dispur
(b) Cherrapunji (c) Shillong

(d) Imphal

PRACTICE EXERCISE
1. Moon : Satellite : : Earth : ?
(a) Sun
(b) Planet
(c) Solar system (d) Asteroid
2. Influenza : Virus : : Typhoid :?
(a) Bacillus
(b) Parasite
(c) Protozoa

(d) Bacteria

3. Melt : Liquid : : Freeze : ?

(a) Ice
(b) Condense

(d) Crystal

(c) Solid

4. Muslims : Mosque : : Sikhs : ?

(a) Golden Temple (b) Medina (c) Fire Temple (d) Gurudwara
5. Eye : Myopia : : Teeth : ?
(a) Pyorrhea
(b) Cataract

(c) Trachoma

(d) Eczema

6. Scribble : Write : : Stammer : ?

(a) Walk
(b) Play
(c) Speak

(d) Dance

7. Errata : Books : : Flaws : ?

(a) Manuscripts (b) Metals

(d) Charter

(c) Speech

8. Breeze : Cyclone : : Drizzle : ?

(a) Earthquake (b) Storm
(c) Flood

(d) Downpour

9. Race : Fatigue : : Fast : ?

(a) Food
(b) Appetite

(d) Weakness

(c) Hunger

10. Acting : Theatre : :Gambling : ?

(a) Casino
(b) Club
(c) Bar

(d) Gym

11. Water : Convection : : Space : ?

(a) Conduction (b) Transference(c) Vacuum

(d) Radiation

12. Oxygen : Burn : : Carbon dioxide : ?

(a) Isolate
(b) Foam
(c) Extinguish

(d) Explode

13. Grain : Stock : : Stick : ?

(a) Heap
(b) Bundle

(d) String

(c) Collection

14. Planet : Orbit : : Projectile : ?

(a) Trajectory (b) Track
(c) Milky way

(d) Path

15. Cobbler : Leather : : Carpenter : ?

(a) Furniture (b) Wood
(c) Hammer

(d) Chair

SOLVED EXAMPLES
Directions: The following questions consist of two words each that have a certain relationship to each other,
followed by four lettered pairs of words. Select the lettered pair that has the same relationship as the
original pair of words.
1. Cereals : Gifts
a. Dal : Pulses
c. Pulses : Metanil

b. Milk : Sugar
d. Haldi : Turmeric

2. Balance : Weigh
a. Aeroplane : Height b. Radar : Detection
c. Satellite : Revolution d. Television : Picture
3. Shield : Soldier
a. Stethoscope : Doctor b. Book : Author
c. Advocate : Court
d. Helmet : rider
4. Chaff :Wheat
a. Bone : Flesh
c. Dregs : Wine

b. Blood : Vein
d. Rubbish : House

5. Theft : Confess
a. Fight : Dare
c. Murder : Commit

b. Fault : Admit
d. Mistake : Agree

6. Pesticide : Plant
a. Injection : Disease
c. Medicine : Cure

b. Vaccination : Body
d. Teacher : Student

7. Crown : Royal
a. Throne : Regal
c. Pen : Author

b. Wrap : Ermine
d. Crucifix : Religion

8. Stare : Glance
a. Gulp : Sip
c. Hunt : Stalk

b. Confide : Tell
d. Step : Walk

9. Cloth : Texture
a. Body : Weigh
c. Woods : Grains

b. Silk : Cloth
d. Ornaments : Gold

10. Fox : Cunning

a. Cat : Playful
c. Vixen : Cute

b. Horse : Runner
d. Ant : Industrious

EXPLANATORY ANSWERS
1.(c): Cereals are adulterated by grit. Similarly, pulses are adulterated by metanil.
2.(b): A balance is used to weigh. Similarly, radar is used for detection.
3.(d): Shield is a defensive instrument for a soldier. Similarly, helmet is a defensive instrument for the rider.
4. (c): Chaff is the waste from wheat. Similarly, dregs are the waste from wine.
5. (b): Theft is confessed and fault is admitted.
6. (b): Pesticide is meant to protect a plant from diseases. Similarly, vaccination is meant to protect the body
from diseases.
7. (d): Crown is a symbol of royalty. Similarly, crucifix is a mark of religion.
8. (a): First is of higher intensity than the second.
9. (c): Quality of cloth is identified by its texture and that of wood by its grains.
10. (d): Fox is considered to be cunning. Similarly, ant is considered to be an industrious creature.