Nama

: Iwan Sumantri

NPM

: 2080610009
Supplementation of Pearl Grass (Hedyotis corymbosa) on
Carcass Weight of Broiler
Nelwida, E. Hendalia, Resmi dan U. Haroen
Faculty of Animal Science Jambi University of Jambi

Received January 30, 2008; Accepted March 12, 2008

ABSTRACT
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of pearl grass (Hedyotis
corymbosa) supplementation into the ration on the carcass weight of broiler. The experiment
was carried out at the Laboratory of Poultry and Non Ruminant Nutrition, Department of
Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Jambi. The
study used one hundred strain Lohmann aged 2 days, broiler chickens fed basal ration
supplemented by pearl grass (Hedyotis corymbosa). The chickens were assigned by
Completely Randomized Designed into 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were
the level of pearl grass supplementation, consisted of M0 (0%, as control), M1 (0,2%), M2
(0,4%), M3 (0,6%) and M4 (0,8%). The variables observed were feed intake (FI), live weight
(LW), carcass weight (CW) and carcass percentage (CP). The results of this study showed
that the supplementation of pearl grass significantly (P<0,05) increased the FI, but had no
significant effect on the LW, CW and CP. It was concluded that pearl grass supplementation
into the broiler ration could be implemented up to 0.8%, however to get the highest CW and
CP, the supplementation of 0,6% pearl grass is recommended.
Keywords: Broiler, Carcass, Hedyotis corymbosa, Pearl grass.
INTRODUCTION
Grass pearls (Hedyot is corymbosa)
is a plant commonly found in yard, field or
growing bushes and used as a substitute for
antibiotic feed additives.
Today, the use of antibiotics as feed
additive on the poultry industry has cause
unrest among the people (consumers),
because the antibiotic which was originally
only be used for therapeutic or mixed into in
the ration in minimal doses, is now used in
excess to spur growth of livestock. As a
result of the use antibiotics that are not
controlled so much found in the form of
roducts and eggs on the market contain
antibiotic residues in above the permitted
threshold. Besides produce residues, use of
antibiotic continously can also cause resis-

tance of antibiotics in livestock.

The presence of Salmonella sp
resistance to antibiotics in chickens has been
reported by Ivanov (2003), and resistance to
antibiotics in Salmonella sp duck has been
reported by Istiana (1997). The results Ivanov
(2003) showed that the resistance SalmoNella large enough percentage to antibiotics
(Ampicilin 86.7%, 82.1% Amoxcylin,
Lincomycin Erytromycin 88.3% and 76.4%).
Similarly from Istiana research results
(1997), it is evident that from 70 Salmonella
typhimurium isolates were found, which
terdap resistant to ampicillin was 30%,
neomycin 12.8%, tetracycline 11.4%, 8.6%
streptomycin,trimetropin 7.1% and 5.7%
chloramphenicol.
These
data
show
that some antibiotic preparations have already
lost effectiveness and are likely to cause
resistance microbes are increasingly

widespread.
Efforts to overcome the presence of
antibiotic residues in poultry meat or
resistance microbial or other diseases to
treatment with antibiotics is to reduce drug
use synthetic drugs (chemically pure) and
more choose to use natural medicine
(Hargono,1986). Therefore, studies to
obtain natural substances that can act as a
feed Additional penggant ibiot ik i ant to
continue developed, including the pearl
grass (Hedyotis corymbosa).

grass pearl can be mixed directly into the

ration according the treatment. The
composition of food substances in the Grass
Pearls can be seen in Table 2.

Chicken Maintenance
Chicken of the new arrivals are
numbered leg, then weighed to determine
initial body weight and introduced into the
colony cage measuring 100 x 80 x 60 cm
which has been fitted with a food, drinking
water and heating lamp. Each colony cages
filled with 5 chicks in randomized
according to treatment. In the early
maintenance of chicken given vitachick and
vaccinated with ND vaccine at the age of 4
days. Furthermore, the chicken is no longer
given drugs or vaccines until the end of the
maintenance that is for 6 weeks.

Nurhayati et al. (2006) have

successfully detected antibacterial activity
in pearl grass (Hedyotis corymbosa)
against E. coli, staphylococcus aureus,
shygella
disentriae,
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and Salmonella sp with
minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging
from 2 to 8 microg / ml or 0.2 to 0.8%. But
from the
results
of these
studies are
still and FoodWeighing
Table
1. Material
Composition
in Feed
Substancesperformed
Basal Rations
(%) body
weekly
active compounds is not yet clear what the weight and before the chickens were
weeks)
Final Phase
weeks)
group hasFoodstuff
this ability and what Early
impactphase
if (0-3
weighed
once fasted
for 8(3-6
hours.
Cutting
This plant
Yellow
corn was given to livestock. Ian50.50
55.50
the chicken is done after 6 weeks
penelit aims to find out possibility of15.00
Polish
maintenance by taking two 17.00
chickens per uni
utilizationmeal
of pearl grass as addit ive feed in20.00
Soybean
15.00 sampling
treatment as the samples.
broiler
rations and effect on growth and10.00
Fish
meal
8.00 of chicken
done by selecting the weight
carcass
weights
broiler
chickens.
Dicalcium phospate
1.00i approached the average. Chicken
1.00
that has
Palm oil
1.00been cut cleaned and separated
1.00 from parts
RESEARCH METHODS
Salt
0.50of noncarcass, and then weighed
0.50 to get a
Vitamin
mineral
mix
0.50
0.50
bobo
carcass
absolute
and
relative carcass
material Research
Methionin
0.25weights. carcass weights 0.25
is the absolute
weight
of
chickens
without
heads, feet and
Bone meal
1.25
1.25
In this study used 100 chicks broiler
organs the inside (offal) except
for the lungs
Total
100.00
100.00
strains MB some level of supplementation
and kidneys whereas carcass weight relative
treatment pearl grass for six weeks. Food
basalSubstance
is a comparison between
the absolute
ration
arranged
Dry
material
(%)according to the needs of86.88
86.98
weight
of
carcass
weight
cut
expressed in
food
substances
broilers
(NRC,
1994),
Crude protein (%)
20.62
17.97
which fat
consists
Crude
(%) of a mixture of corn yellow,4.50percent.
6.06
polishing
(polished),
fish
meal,
soybean
Crude fiber (%)
2.46
1.43
meal,(%)
Top mix, mineral mix and dicalcium8.09
Ash
8.67
phosphate.
The
composition
of
feed
BENT (%)
51.21
52.85
Draft Research
ingredients and nutrients in basal ration can
be seen in Table 1. Grass pearl (roots,
This research used Randomized
stems, leaves, fruitsTable
and 2.
flowers)
collected
Substance
Food Composition
in Pearlwith
Grass
Design Complete
5 treatment standard
from various places in the city of of supplementation grass pearls and 4
Edinburgh,sorted fromFood
the Substance
dirt and the replications.
Pearl the
Grass
treatments is applied to the
color was yellow,Dry
thenmaterial
dried and ground to pearl grass86.97
supplementation in the basal
air dry so that it becomes
flour. Wheat
Crude protein
11.85
ration ie M0:
100% basal ration without
Crude fat
3.70
Crude fibes
20.99
Ash
16.60
BETN
33.83

grass mut iara as controls; M1:

supplemented with 0.2% pearl grass; M2:
supplementation 0.4% grass-pearl; M3: 0.6%
supplementation of grass pearl and M4:
0.8% supplementation of grass-pearl
Variables observed in this study is ration
consumption, weight cut, absolute carcass
weight and if relat. The data obtained were
analyzed using a variety of analysis and to
comparing the average between treatments
using Duncan Multiple Range Test (Steel
and Torrie, 1980).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

chickens rations were treated for 6 weeks of

maintenance can seen in Table 3.

The results of range analysis showed

that pearl grass supplementation can
significantly increase consumption of ration
(P <0.05). In Table 3 can be seen that the
pearls on the grass suplemetasi level of 0.2%
(M1) to 0.6% (M3) will be average
consumption of rations which produce
tangible higher than in controls (M0), but
ration consumption tends to decline M0 back
approached the stage when its use increased
to 0.8%. These results provide indication
Effect of Treatment of Consumption
that the pearl grass able to increase appetite
rations
in broiler chickens and enhancement looks
more efekt appetite if the level the use of
Data average consumption of broiler
pearl grass 0.2 to 0.6% compared with 0.8%.
Table 3. Effect of Supplementation of Grass Pearls on Average Consumption of Chicken
Broiler Rations for 6 weeks

Supplementation Taraf Pearl Grass

Consumption of Rations
M0 (0%)
77,23b
M1 (0,2%)
86,08a
M2(0,4 %)
83,24a
M3 (0,5 %)
84,19a
M4 (0,6 %)
81,59ab
Description: Different lowercase letters in the same row indicate significantly different (P
<0.05)
The increased consumption rations in this
study proved that pearl grass that can not
contain toksikan toxic to livestock.
According Larbier and Leclercq (1994)
some secondary compounds in plants which
are toxic to have a bitter taste and aroma
they do not like animals that can reduce
ration consumption. Consumption of rations
which tends decrease again at the level of
use of grass pearl is 0.8% expected negative
impact of excess of active compounds that
are not required by the body. Pearl grass
contains active compounds that nature such
as antimicrobial iridoid (Sudarsono, 1999).
The existence of several active compounds
in the grass mut iara allegedly played a role
in maintain animal health and increased
metabolic activity in the body which
impacted on the increase in consumption
rations.
Increasing the level of grass-pearl to
0.8% not give better results than standard
use a lower (0.2 to 0.6%). this is showed that
the active compounds contained the grass is
only needed in the number of pearls very
small and if excessive it will negative impact
on livestock. Outcome research is in line
with the results of research Nurhayati
et al. (2006) who reported that extracts of
grass Pearl began to show activeness as an
agent antimicrobial concentrations are
generally in more or equal to 0.4%.

Average piece weight data, the

absolute weight of carcass and the relative
weight of broiler chicken carcasses are kept
for 6 weeks can be seen in Table 4.
The results of range analysis showed
that ration into the pearl grass
supplementation until level of 0.8% did not
give significant effect (P> 0.05) to cut
weight, carcass weight of absolute and
relative carcass weights. Although there is
no significant effects, when observed from
the data on Table 4 shows that
supplementation of grass-pearl at the level of
0.6% (M3) resulted in carcass weight
absolute and relative carcass weights of the
most high, whereas the weight of pieces in
this treatment is relatively low. Based on
these results there is an indication that
weight reduction chicken pieces on a given
pearl grass at the level of 0.6% (M3) is not
caused by a decrease in carcass weight. in
Theoretically, the weight cut will be directly
proportional to carcass weight produced. The
higher the weight cut it will be heavier
carcass weights generated and vice versa.
But the results of this study indicates
otherwise, where the weights cut low in the
treatment of M3 precisely produces the
highest carcass weights. The high carcass
weights at treatment M3 closely relation to
the high consumption of ration on such
treatment. This means that increasing ration
consumption on the treatment of M3 more
used to support the growth of carcass.

Effect of Treatment of Weight Cut,

Absolute carcass weights and carcass
Based on the results obtained in
Table 4. Relative
Effect of Treatment of Weight Cut, carcass
weightThere
Carcass
Absolute and
Relative
weights
research
are indications
that
the active
Weights

Parameters
M0
1804,79

M1
1820,19

Treatment
M2
1702,81

M3
1704,66

M4
1708,38

Weight cut
(g/fish)
Absolute carcass weights
1284,99
1311,64
1199,99
1411,15
1216,88
Nurhayati, M. Latief dan H. Handoko, 2006.
(g/fish)
Uji anti mikroba rumput mutiara
Relative carcass weights
71,13
71,98
70,45
72,55
71,05
(Hedyotis
corymbosa)
terhadap
(%)
beberapa mikroba penyebab utama
penyakit
pada
ternak
unggas
compound in grass pearls in addition
play
a
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