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com

1.

2.

A2 = A
A2-A = [0]
A(A-I) = [0]
A = [0] or A=I
Correct Answer is (C)

this is a linear non-homogenous equation of Fourth

order.
Correct Answer is (B)
10. Correct Answer is (C)

This is a Second-order Homogenous equation with

constant coefficients. Its roots may be written in the
form of
y = et
the differential equation now becomes
2 + - 2 = 0
( + )( - 1) = 0
= -2, 1
therefore, y = Ae-2t + Bet
Correct Answer is (C)

3.

When the aerodynamic moments about CG of the

airplane are balanced; it is said to be in trimmed
condition
Correct Answer is (B)

4.

The roll rate ( ) produced by aileron deflection (a) can

be written as
.

if a is a step input (constant with time), ramp input

(increasing/decreasing with time), a sinusoidal input
(like a sine wave); will have certain definite value
and, therefore, p will change.
for impulse input will return to zero after the impulse,
and, therefore p will be constant.
Correct Answer is (D)

5.

A symmetric airfoil at zero degree angle of attack

produces zero lift.
Correct Answer is (B)

6.

By definition, Critical Mach No. is the freestream Mach

No. corresponding to which Mach No. on the airfoil
becomes unity for the first time.
Correct Answer is (C)

7.

Shadowgraphy is based on second derivative of density

and Schlieren Visualisation is based on first derivative
of density with respect to spatial co-ordinate.
Correct Answer is (C)

8.

9.

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Hohmann transfer ellipse has

apogee (farthest point) in
final orbit & perigee (nearest
point) at home station.
Correct Answer is (C)

on solving it gives, k=4

Correct Answer is (C)

12. Let (s) be the Laplace transform of x(t), then the given
equation
+
=
]+
becomes, [

= /
Since there is no mention of initial conditions in the
question, it wont be possible to solve unless some
value are assumed. Let x(0) =
=

On putting in above equation, we get

Correct Answer is (A)

13. This is a first order separable differential equation, and

can be rewritten as
=

on integrating both sides, we get

+ =
Correct Answer is (D)
14. During the ground roll maneuver, the Aircraft fixed
longitudinal axis is at an angle from direction of
motion. Therefore, components of all the four forces are
in a direction parallel to direction of motion.
Correct Answer is (D)
15. Rate of Climb (R/C) Excess Thrust
(T-D)

/
/
=
/

since denominator is less than T, therefore 0.1T/(T-D)

is greater than 0.1.
Correct Answer is (B)

Governing
equation
for
deflections in the EulerBernoulli beam theory is

11. The system of equations has no solution, if

16. Engine Thrust changes the power availability and Angle

of Attack changes the Lift; both these factors result in
altitude change of the aircraft.
For a nose dive; elevator are deflected to produce a nose
down pitch rate.
Correct Answer is (C)
17. Correct Answer is (C)

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x1=0, x2=0.25, x3=0.5, x4=0.75, x5=1

18. Mach Angle = sin-1(1/M) =30

Correct Answer is (A)

19. Induced Drag Coefficient

20. Bernoullis equation is based on the principle of

Conservation of Kinetic and Potential Energy. This is
valid throughout the potential flow under steady state
condition.
However, an inviscid flow may not be a potential flow
because it can have vorticity; which gives it rotational
energy as well. Therefore, Bernoullis equation may not
be valid at all the points. However, it is valid along the
streamline because energy of flow is purely kinetic or
potential in nature.
Correct Answer is (A)
21. Propulsive Efficiency of a Jet engine is given by
=

for maximum value of , Ve=V

Correct Answer is (C)

24. Skin and spar webs carry the shear stresses due to
aerodynamic forces and a moment component.
Correct Answer is (D)
25. The damping ratio (or damping factor, ) is related to
the logarithmic decrement () as,
= .

28. Lift per unit span (L) on an airfoil is given by

L = V
L = 80N
= p/RT = (105/287290) = 1.2014 kg/m3
V = 60m/s
Therefore, = 1 .11 m2/s

+ /

By combining the above two equations we get

+ /

Put the values as given is question, do remember R =

= 8314/25

Therefore, C* = 1433.8 m/s

30. There are two points to note in the question
a) Motion is un-damped
b) Initial displacement is {2 1}T mm, which means for
first degree the initial displacement is 2mm

26. Using the trapezoidal rule formula

]= .

RC = dh/dt

where, g0 is acceleration due to gravity at the surface of

earth.
Correct Answer is (C)

And characteristic velocity C* is given by

Correct Answer is (D)

29. Mass flow rate through a chocked nozzle is given by

23. By definition, Specific impulse of a rocket is given by

RC = a + bh
Putting values of RC & h
300 = a + b(0)
150 = a + b(2500)
On solving equations we get a = 300 & b = -0.06,
therefore RC at any altitude h can be written as
RC = 300 - 0.06h
To calculate total time required to climb from 500m to
3000m

22. Insufficient data to solve the question. In general, static

pressure coefficient is given by
=

27. Assuming Rate of Climb (RC) varying linearly with

altitude (h)

for elliptical lift distribution, e=1

Correct Answer is (B)

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+
+ ]
where N is No. of intervals. Diving interval [0, 1] in
N=4 equal intervals

Since the motion is undamped, that means the

amplitude would be constant at 2mm.
31. Answer can be obtained by differentiating the equation
and observing the trend

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Correct Answer is (A)

y = (x+3)-1
y = (-1).(x+3)-2
y = (-1).(-2).(x+3)-3

34. Using Breguets formula, range of a propeller driven

airplane is given by
=

yn= (-1)n. n! / (x+3)n+1

therefore,

Correct Answer is (A)

32. The equation =
can be rearranged to get
+
= ; which is the equation of a circle of
radius 1 centered at (0, 1).
The shaded area as shown in the figure is to be rotated
about x-axis.

To calculate the volume, consider a strip as shown in

the figure in dark. When rotated about x-axis it would
generate an annular disk with outer radius R1 = 1 and
inner radius R2 = . Let its thickness be dx.
The volume of this disk would be
]

= [ +

To calculate total volume, integrate this from minimum

to maximum limit of x, which is (-1, 1). Better would
be to integrate from (0, 1) and multiply by 2.

=
=

[ +

[ +
[ +

If airplane takes off with 10% less fuel, then new range
is
+ .

To find percentage change

=

W0 = W1 + Wfuel

y=1

Where W0 is initial weight and W1 is final weight when

whole fuel is burnt. Therefore W0 can also be written as

+ (

)]

Correct Answer is (A)

33. On closer inspection of matrix, we see that

Column 3 = 5 Column 1
Columns of matrix A are not linearly independent;
therefore, one of the eigenvalues of A is 0.
Sum of the eigenvalues of a matrix is equal to sum of
its diagonal elements = 9. Therefore other eigenvalue is
1 + (-9.33) + 0 = 9
1 = 18.33

+ .9

+ .9

+ .

[
][
+

][
+

+ .
+

For aircrafts value of f is generally of the order 0.2-0.3.

By putting in above equation we can verify that final
number is less than 0.1. Therefore decrease in range is
less than 10%.
Same can be verified for Jet aircraft.
Correct Answer is (C)

Trick
The aircraft flew with less fuel that means the total
overall weight of aircraft was also lesser. With 90%
of fuel the engine has to pull a lighter aircraft,
therefore, the reduction in range would be lesser than
expected.

35. Total landing distance is made up of three parts,

a) Descent S1,

S =

where h is height of obstacle = 15m, R is radius of

rotation = V2/g(n 1) = 815.5 m, is angle of
descent = 6.6

on putting the values we get S1 = 82.9 m

b) Rotation S2
Distance covered in rotation = Rsin = 9.7 m

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39. Strouhal number St= fD/V where f is the frequency, D is

the diameter and V is the flow velocity.

c) Deceleration after touchdown S3

using equations of motions
v2 = u2 +2aS
2
0 = 402 +2(-0.259.81)S3
S3 = 326.2m

Correct Answer is (B)

Trick
Strouhal Number is not very well known at
undergraduate level so this type of question is
generally skipped. But this question can be attempted
using a trick.
In question 4 parameters are given Strouhal number
St (dimensionless number), f frequency (units 1/s), D
diameter (units m) and V the flow velocity (units
m/s). We can somehow arrange f, D and V to get a
non-dimensional number (1) fD/V or (2)V/fD.
So Strouhal number is either of them. On putting all
the values given in question we can see that only (1)
fD/V matches with the options. So thats the answer!!

Total landing distance S = S1 + S2 +S3 = 502 m.

Theres no right answer
36. For straight and level flight, total upward force should
be equal to weight of the aircraft
Condition 1
=

= . .

Condition 2
Condition 3

. .

. .

We have 3 equations with 3 variables W, SCL & F. On

solving we get F = -1.95 N.
Correct Answer is (B)

40. Heat Energy released by fuel = Heat energy absorbed

by fuel and air mixture
=
+

Fuel-to-air ratio is given by =

above equation by
, we get

37. The shock wave is at an angle and the wedge angle is

. After the shock wave, the flow gets deflected by an
angle and becomes parallel to the wedge surface.

, on dividing

put Qf = 44 MJ/kg, cpa = 1.005 kJ/kg-K, cpf = 1.147

kJ/kg-K
Solving for f, we get 0.0139
Nearest Answer is (B)
41. Rate at which exhaust gases are produced is given by
= Ab r = Ab [6.6510-3 pc0.45]
= 18000.3146.6510-3(50105)0.45
= 3.886 kg/s
and characteristic velocity C* = pcAt /
On substituting all values, we get At = 1.12694 10-3
m2, but area of throat At = d2/4.
We get diameter of throat as 0.03787 m = 37.87 mm
Correct Answer is (B)

Using simple geometry we can see that

M2/Mn2 = sin ( -)
Correct Answer is (A)
38. The stagnation pressure of the flow decreases in test
section due to formation of unavoidable shock waves.
Since p0 is reduced, a bigger throat area is required to
drive the flow out which has already entered the test
section
p01

p02

At1 (Nozzle Throat)

At2 (Diffuser Throat)

The relationship between throat areas and stagnation

pressures is

Correct Answer is (B)

42.

= pcAt /C =

= 5.0999 kg/s

The burn time of 8 min = 480s is given. So the total

mass of the whole system will be 5.0999480 =
2447.99 kg. This is the total mass which contains fuel
(mf) and oxidizer (mo)
mf + mo = 2447.99 kg
Dividing throughout by mf
1 + mo/mf = 2447.99/mf
It is given that mf /mo = 1.8
On solving, we get mf = 1573.7078 kg.
Volume of the container V = mf / = 1.7485 m3
Correct Answer is (B)

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43. The propellant mass is 60% of the initial mass so after

consuming all the propellant, the final mass of the
rocket will be 40% of the initial mass. Mf = 0.4Mi
Using ideal rocket equation to calculate the gain in
velocity after using all the propellant
V = Ve ln (Mi / Mf )
On substituting Ve = 3000 m/s and Mf = 0.4Mi we get
V = 2748.87 m/s.
To calculate the maximum height attained by the rocket
with all propellant burnt,
v2 = u2 +2aS
2
0 = 2748.872 +2(-9.81)H
We get H = 385.13 km

Trick
This question can easily be done using dimensional
analysis. Damping constant c has dimensions [MT-1],
frequency d has dimensions [T-1] and displacement
X has dimensions [L].
The only option which makes dimensions of energy
[ML2T-2] is cdX2.

47. Buckling of the fuselage skin can be delayed by placing

the stiffeners closer and increasing the internal pressure.
Correct Answer is (A)
48. The neutral point provides the maximum distance of
CG behind wing aerodynamic center.

Correct Answer is (D)

44. The boundary conditions are x = 0; y = 0 and xy = 0.
By definition of the Airy stress function,

= = y;

= = x and

= - = xy;

Putting the given values of stresses, we get

= 0 and = 0/2

= 0/,

Correct Answer is (A)

45. The fundamental natural frequency is the first mode.
For fixed fixed boundary condition for a rod of length
L, wavelength = 2L
For fixed - free boundary condition, wavelength = 4L.
As wavelength () is doubled, frequency (f) becomes
half because f = n

Time period of one oscillation is given by T = /d

Therefore the amplitude after one oscillation becomes
=

Therefore change in energy after one oscillation is

using expansion of et and ignoring higher order terms

=

[ (

Correct Answer is (A)

)] =

.
.

= .

49. Moment coefficient about CG of an airplane is given by

,

)]

Calculate all the required values

At trim,
Given

Total energy stored in a spring mass system is

Since hn hac,wb is non-dimensionalised with chord, we

need to multiply 1.4 by 2.5m = 3.5m
Theres no right answer

46. In a damped spring-mass system, the amplitude of

oscillations decreases with time as

Here lt, which is the distance between CG and

Aerodynamic center of the tail, is not given. We can
assume that CG lies near to Aerodynamic center of the
wing and take it as b/2 (as given in question)

Correct Answer is (A)

= ,

= . ,

=
= . ,

= .

= ,

Only thing left is

Since we know Static Margin =
It can also be written as
SM =

0.05 = . +

= . .

= .

Now we know the actual separation between CG and

Aerodynamic center of the wing, we can calculate lt, the

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distance between CG and Aerodynamic center of the

tail = 15 - 1.352.5 = 11.625m

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= .

56.
57.
58.
59.

Putting everything back in our main equation

we get it = -2.13
Theres no right answer
50. Using mass conservation per unit length of pipe,

u1

55. The given problem is equivalent to previous problem

where internal pressure is -p instead of p. the von Mises
stress remains the same and hence the yield pressure pY
is same.
Correct Answer is (C)
Correct Answer is (C)
Correct Answer is (C)
Correct Answer is (D)
Correct Answer is (A)

60. As all the number are different and we want to find the
largest number, it means all other numbers are smaller
than it. Let the largest number be x and all the smaller
numbers be 1, 2, 3, 4.
+ + + +

u2

on solving, we get x = 50
Correct Answer is (C)
2r1u1 = 2 r2 u2 on putting the values we get 0.01 m/s
Correct Answer is (A)
51. As the effect of viscous forces is not mentioned, we can
neglect viscous effect. Thus the tangential velocity is
independent of radial distance and it is constant.
=

Correct Answer is (B)

52. The blade angle is given by tan

= .
=

si

U = blade speed = 200m/s;

C = absolute velocity of air = 120 m/s;
= inlet air angle = 18

c s

on substituting we get = 55
Theres no right answer
53. Power required to drive the compressor is given by,
P = UCa (tan 1 tan 2)
Ca = C cos = 10 cos 18 = 114.12 m/s
2 = 1 = 55 - 27 = 28
P = 1200114.12(tan 55 - tan 28) =20.46 kW
Correct Answer is (D)
54. For a thin spherical shell of radius r and thickness t, if
the internal pressure is p, then radial stress r = p and
hoop stress = pr/2t = 25p
The von Mises stress in this case is
Y = (r2 + 2- r ) = 24.52 p

at yield

24.52pY = Y = 500 MPa

pY = 20.4 MPa

61. Let probability that B hits the convict, (B) = x ,

Then the probability that A hits the convict, (A) = 3x.
Probability that the convict is being hit, (AB)
Therefore, Probability that the convict is not hit
= 1- (AB) = 0.5
(AB) = 0.5 = (A) + (B) (AB)
= (A) + (B) (A).(B)
= 4x 3x2
On solving for x, we get x = 0.14 and 1.19
But the probability cannot be greater than 1, therefore
0.14 is correct answer
Correct Answer is (A)
62. The percentage increase in runs of the players is
respectively
P = 25.7%; Q = 19.2 %; R = 44.3 %; S = 39.9%
Correct Answer is (B)
63. According to Fermats theorem on sum of two squares,
a prime number of the form 4n+1 can be expressed as a
sum of squares of two natural numbers.
Correct Answer is (A)
64. Slope of a line
=

On solving above equation we get (p - q) = 3

Correct Answer is (C)
65. Correct Answer is (A)

Correct Answer is (D)

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