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PeterOborn
Peter
Oborn
DeputyChairman,AedasEurope
London,UnitedKingdom

The Challenge

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Size
Complexity
Scale, macro & micro

Inertia to overcome
Momentum to develop and maintain
Dynamic
Community
Multiple stakeholders

Communicationetc

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How to ensure successful outcomes?

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How will you recognise success when youve achieved it?

How will you know if you havent?
Important to define these parameters from the outset

Evidence/performance based tools can be used to help simulate outcomes

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Aedas London Office

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Aedas Research & Development

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Crossrail

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Routing and Footfall Approximation

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We have interactive tools to generate networks of

routes that people desire to take through a site,
generally or to specific points of interest.

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While local residents would use shortest metric

routes, visitors and tourists are more likely to use
simplest access routes.

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Routes can be weighted by the number of people

departing from surveyed locations to indicate
approximate footfall on routes.

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Shortest routes to Whitechapel station. Line width

indicates footfall along each route.

Visibility along a Route

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From the routing and footfall calculations, we can

load the frequencies of visual instances along these
routes. The visual sampling in 3D provides evidence
for elements in an urban and architectural context
that are well visible during a journey.

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Elevations and locations that are well visible

increase retail/rental importance and become
significant for wayfinding. Conversely the
measurements identify regions that are not exposed
to surveillance from a given route.

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Visibility along a route

Fort Halstead

Sustainable Masterplan

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Layer viewing tool

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Visual Massing Envelopes

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The visual disturbance of massing single building

or masterplan can be calculated by an application
that takes the terrain, building footprints and
viewpoints
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on the terrain into account. The resulting
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massing indicates the extruded footprints that do not
interfere with the selected viewpoints. Landscaping
options can be analyzed by visual performance.

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Land Use/Mix

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Tolerances in area schedules for mixed-use

development can be evaluated by building
automated scenarios for land-use allocations,
density
y and mix. All three aspects
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are computed
p
simultaneously on the basis of constraint
specifications, including:

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Land-use relations
Site conditions
Accessibility levels

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Densities per land-use are fixed at maxima and

minima but the tool indicates the ideal quantities at
all locations in relation to all other land-uses and
accessibility values.

Passive Solar Shading

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As part of the Masdar MIST Neighbourhood, we

created a tool to generate shading for windows in
Abu Dhabi. Masdar design guidelines include strict
criteria for shading
g which state that g
glazing
g must be:

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100% shaded on the 21 June at 3pm

50% shaded on the 21 December at solar noon

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We wrote an application to calculate the depth of

window extrusions needed to satisfy these criteria
for square and rectangular windows.

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Passive Solar Shading

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As part of the Masdar MIST Neighbourhood, we

created a tool to generate shading for windows in
Abu Dhabi. Masdar design guidelines include strict
criteria for shading
g which state that g
glazing
g must be:

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100% shaded on the 21 June at 3pm

50% shaded on the 21 December at solar noon

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We wrote an application to calculate the depth of

window extrusions needed to satisfy these criteria
for square and rectangular windows.

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Abu
Ab Dhabi
Abu
Dh
Dhabi
biInvestment
IInvestment
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C
Council
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Clients brief

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Two 25-storey towers

Two adjacent plots
Each tower to accommodate 1,000 people

Basement, ground and 25 upper floors

Materials of the highest quality
Contemporary design using modern technology
Consider the regions architectural heritage
An outstanding landmark building

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The context

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The
Th context
The
context
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The context

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Use of materials
Thick walls
walls, well insulated
Small openings, protected from glare
Narrow shaded streets
Wind-towers
Wind
towers with evaporative cooling

The context

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The context

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The concept

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I l i A
Islamic
Architecture
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CONCEPT

Sustainable Technology

Bio-mimetic Extrapolation

Geometric composition
DECAGONAL & QUASI-CRYSTALLINE TILLINGS IN MEDIEVAL ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE

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By the 15th century, the tessellation approach was combined with self-similar transformations to construct nearly
perfect quasi-crystalline Penrose patterns, five centuries before their discovery in the West.

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Peter J. Lu and Paul J. Steinhardt, HARVARD - 2007

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The concept

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The concept

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The Mashrabiya

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The Mashrabiya

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Curtain walling:

Poor external views

Static geometry

Excessive use of internal blinds

Fixed shading:

Dynamic shading:

Moderate glazing treatment

Less heavily tinted glass

Moderate lighting conditions

Improved natural daylight

Obstructed view

Improved view

Limited geometry

Flexible geometry

Moderate use of internal blinds

Reduced use of internal blinds

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Heavily tinted glass

Poor natural daylight

The Mashrabiya

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The Mashrabiya

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The Mashrabiya

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Precedents

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The Mashrabiya

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The Mashrabiya

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The Mashrabiya

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Technical Considerations

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Facade design

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Material selection
Operating cycle

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Detailed design
Kinetic design
Risk management
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Access & Maintenance considerations

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Facade optimisation

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Glass selection

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Mashrabiya Option
Glass performance:

G-value ~00.25
25
Light Transmittance ~45%
Light Reflectance ~18%

Benchmark Option 1
Benchmark,

Benchmark Option 2
Benchmark,

Typical configuration:

Same glass as Mashrabiya option:

G-value ~00.15
15
Light Transmittance <15-20%
Light Reflectance >35-40%

G-value ~0
~0.25
25
Light Transmittance ~45%
Light Reflectance ~18%

Fabric selection

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Operating cycle

MASHRABIYA DYNAMIC SHADING SCREEN

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Closed

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Mid-opening

Max-opening

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Typical daily cycle

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Detailed design

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Actuator + Power & Control cable connection

Strut sleeves; penetrates the curtain-wall & connects to main Structure
Supporting Cantilever Struts
Star pin-connection
Actuator Casing
Y-Structure Ring-Hub
Y-Structure Sleeves
Y-Structure Arms
Y-Node Pin-Connection
Y-Mobile Tripod
Actuator Head Pin-Connection
Stabiliser
Slider
Fabric Mesh Frame & Sub-Frame
Fabric Mesh

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Kinetic design

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Kinetic prototype

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Kinetic prototype

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Risk management

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Access & Maintenance considerations

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The Benefits?

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The Benefits

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Use of internal blinds (~30% less)

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Increased daylight levels with Mashrabiya

Lighting energy savings (~22%)

The Benefits

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Traditional

Solar gains
Fresh air

PM
11

PM
5

11

AM

Internal gains

AM

11

11

PM

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AM

AM

Internal gains

PM

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Fresh air

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0

Solar gains

Cooling lload, W/m2

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
5

Cooling load, W/m2

Mashrabiya

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The Benefits

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The Benefits

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Carbon Comparison With & Without Mashrabiya

Carbon emissions T
Tonnes CO

2/year

5,000

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4 000
4,000
Refrigeration
- solar

3,000

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2,000

Refrigeration
- internal gains

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1 000
1,000

Lifts/fans
Power

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Refrigeration
- solar

Refrigeration
- internal gains

Lifts/fans
Power

Lights

Lights

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Mashrabiya

T diti
Traditional
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The Benefits

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Lighting & Views

9Minimise glare
9Improved daylight penetration
9L
9Less
ffrequent use off iinternall bli
blinds
d
9Less reliance on artificial lighting
9Improved views for building occupants
9High quality internal environment
Energy
gy Consumption
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9Very effective reduction in solar gain

9Approx.
Approx. 15% reduction in capital cooling plant
9Approx. 20% reduction in CO2 emission (1140 ton/year saved for whole site)
9Approx. 20% electricity load savings (reduces plant cooling power/dimension)

Other design issues

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Floor plan layouts

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Planning grids

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Typical floor plan

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Typical floor plan

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Site Plan

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Site Plan

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Ground Floor

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Staff entrance

VIP entrance

Bank
entrance

Bank
Tower

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Service Access

Council
entrance

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Staff entrance

Council
Tower

Podium

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Staff entrance

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VIP entrance

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Bank
Tower

VIP
entrance

C
VIP
entrance

Council
Tower

Staff entrance

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One integrated model

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One integrated model

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Site progress

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July 2009

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January
2010

Ab Dh
Abu
Dhabi
bi IInvestment
t
tC
Council
il

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t
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Dynamic
y
Facades and Parametrics;; Creating
g a New Vernacular?

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PeterOborn
Peter
Oborn
DeputyChairman,AedasEurope
London,UnitedKingdom