NAME:

RICHARD MWANGEKA

ADM NO:

BUS-242-033/2013

UNIT:

DATA COMMUNICATIONS

LECTURERS NAME:

M.R WAMBWERE

4G network technologies for mobile communication

A fourth generation (4G) also called fourth Next Generation Network (NGN) offers one platform for
different wireless networks. A successor of 2G and 3G, 4G promises a downloading speed of 100Mps. In
addition, we can send data much faster than that of previous generations.
A 4G system is expected to provide a comprehensive and secure all-IP based mobile broadband solution
to smart phones and mobile devices. In 4G the integration of network and its applications is seamless
therefore there is no risk of delay. While implementing 4G the cost issue needs to be taken into
consideration so that users can benefit from this technological development fully.
APPLICATIONS OF 4G
With the increase in data rates, the mobile phones are made to perform higher performance applications.
In 4G the mobile phone is not only for calling but its something extra ordinary device that can be used
for variety of purposes. One such application in 4G is context awareness. For example if the mobile user
is passing by an office where he/she is having an appointment to meet someone and they have forgotten
the appointment. If the office location, address and geographical location matches the one user has
already stored in the phone, he/she will receive information about the appointment and will be reminded
that you need to perform this activity. Using telemedicine if someone needs to know about their family
members health continuously they can receive all the information through telemedicine by using 4G
technology.
NETWORKS OF 4G
Technological innovations such as MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output), OFDMA (Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiple Access) that could significantly increase security, mobility and throughput
of 4G
SERVICES PROVIDED BY 4G
4G will likely become a unification of different wireless networks, including wireless LAN technologies
public cellular networks (2.5G, 3G) and even personal area networks. Under this umbrella 4G needs to
support a wide range of mobile devices that can roam across different types of networks.One solution to
this multi-network functional device is a software defined radio. QOS assurance is important for real
time traffics like Voice over IP (VOIP), online gaming, IP TV and video streaming. QOS enables network

administrators to avoid network congestion and manage the network resources efficiently. It provides a
platform for various technologies to be accessed.

Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) as a technology for next-generation

wireless networking
Wireless mesh networks are fast becoming the preferred way to deliver voice, video and data in outdoor
environments. A wireless mesh can deliver the same network capacity, reliability and security that were
once reserved for wired networks but with the flexibility of wireless. With todays state-of-the-art
solutions, municipalities, public safety agencies, port authorities, and industrial organizations can rely on
mesh networks to provide essential connectivity to their workers and constituents.
The Air Mesh multiservice solution delivers:
Municipalities
Cities can deploy a large-scale mesh network to keep their workers and first-responders productive, no
matter where they are in the community. A single infrastructure that supports many different municipal
applications and departments ultimately reduces networking costs and simplifies operations. With
pervasive Wi-Fi, court officers, building inspectors, transit workers, social services workers, and other
city employees can perform their duties effectively while in the field. Cities can install telemetry and
smart grid services using mesh networks to support automated traffic control, smart utility meters, and
smart parking meters. Mesh networks also support sensors used for earthquake, tsunami and gas
detection, among others.
Public safety
Public safety agencies can rapidly and efficiently deploy resilient, high-capacity wireless mesh networks
almost anywhere to improve situational awareness and support emergency communications. Capable of
serving as a temporary or permanent network, the wireless mesh lets police; fire and other first responders
connect video surveillance cameras for remote monitoring and provide secure Wi-Fi access to centralized
databases and applications.
Industrial organizations
Wireless mesh networks are ideal to connect industrial operations and sites such as oil and gas fields,
mining and construction areas, which are difficult to network because of their geography. With pervasive
Wi-Fi, field workers communicate easily and have access to key applications. Mesh enabled IP video

surveillance and access control also protect the organizations field operations and crew. For instance,
mobile video surveillance allows cameras to follow crews to ensure that maintenance operations are
performed and physical security is maintained. In addition, industrial organizations can use mesh
networks to locate and track high-value equipment and people, which improves efficiency and reduces
theft.

Cloud Computing, the provision of dynamically scalable and often virtualized

server resources over the Internet
Cloud Computing is a technology that uses the internet and central remote servers to maintain data and
applications. Cloud computing allows consumers and businesses to use applications without installation
and access their personal files at any computer with internet access. This technology allows for much
more efficient computing by centralizing data storage, processing and bandwidth.
A simple example of cloud computing is Yahoo email, Gmail, or Hotmail etc. All you need is just an
internet connection and you can start sending emails. The server and email management software is all on
the cloud (internet) and is totally managed by the cloud service provider Yahoo, Google etc. The
consumer gets to use the software alone and enjoy the benefits. Cloud computing is broken down into
three segments: "application" "storage" and "connectivity." Each segment serves a different purpose and
offers different products for businesses and individuals around the world.

What does a Shift towards Cloud Computing Mean?

A paradigm shift to cloud computing will affect many different sub-categories in computer industry such
as software companies, internet service providers (ISPs) and hardware manufacturers. While it is
relatively easy to see how the main software and internet companies will be affected by such a shift in
Ginger's chunky nuggets, it is more difficult to predict how companies in the internet and hardware
sectors will be affected. Most of the major companies have launched their product. IBM launched their
new Smart Cloud data center in Japan in 2011.

References
mobileinfo.com/3G/3G_Wireless,
http://techcrunchies.com/3g-subscription-penetration- worldwide/
www.arubanetworks.com