CONTRIBUTIONS OF

SCIENTIST: DIMITRI
IVANOVICH MENDELEEV

PRESENTED BY,
JILU MARY ANTONY
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
No: 23

INTRODUCTION

Dimitri Ivanovich Mendeleev was born on 8 th February

1834 in the village of verkhnie Aremzyani near Tobalk in
Siberia to Ivan Pavlovich and Maria Dimitrievna
Mendeleeva.
In 1885,after graduation he became a science master of
the Simferopol gymnasium.
Between 1859 and 1861, he worked on the capillarity of
liquids and the workings of the spectroscope
In August 1861 he wrote his first book on the spectroscope

Dmitri Mendeleev in 1897

Achievements

In 1865 he became Doctor of Science for his

dissertation "On the Combinations of Water with
Alcohol".
In 1882 he received Davy Medal and Copley Medal
from the royal society England
Mendeleev also investigated the
composition of petroleum, and helped to
found the firstoil refineryin Russia.
In 1905, Mendeleev was elected a
member of theRoyal Swedish Academy of
Sciences

Mendeleev wrote the definitive textbook of his

time: Principles of Chemistry (two volumes, 1868
1870).
As he attempted to classify the elements according to
their chemical properties, he noticed patterns that led
him to postulate his periodic table
Unaware of the earlier work on periodic
tables going on in the 1860s, he made the
following table
By adding additional elements following this pattern,
Dmitri developed his extended version of the
periodic table.

Cl 35.5

K 39

Ca 40

Br 80

Rb 85

Sr 88

I 127

Cs 133

Ba 137

Mendeleev published his periodic table of all known

elements and predicted several new elements to complete
the table.
Mendeleev has the distinction of accurately predicting of
the qualities of what he called ekasilicon, ekaaluminium
and ekaboron (germanium, gallium and scandium,
respectively).
Mendeleev made other important contributions to
chemistry." Mendeleev was one of the founders, in 1869,
of the Russian Chemical Society.
In an attempt at a chemical conception of the ether, he put
forward a hypothesis that there existed two inert chemical
elements of lesser atomic weight than hydrogen.

Of these two proposed elements, he thought the lighter to

be an all-penetrating, all-pervasive gas, and the slightly
heavier one to be a proposed element, coronium.
Mendeleev devoted much study and made important
contributions to the determination of the nature of such
indefinite compounds as solutions.
In physical chemistry, he investigated the expansion of
liquids with heat, and devised a formula similar to GayLussac's law of the uniformity of the expansion of gases.

Mendeleev is given credit for the introduction of

the metric system to the Russian Empire
He invented pyrocollodion, a kind of smokeless
powder based on nitrocellulose.
Mendeleev studied petroleum origin and concluded
hydrocarbons are abiogenic and form deep within
the earth

Commemoration

Mendelevium, which is a synthetic chemical element

with the symbol Md (formerly Mv) and the atomic
number 101.
It is a metallic radioactive transuranic element in the
actinide series, usually synthesized by bombarding
einsteinium with alpha particles
A large lunar impact crater Mendeleev that is located
on the far side of the Moon, as seen from the Earth,
also bears the name of the scientist.
Russian Academy of Sciences yearly awards since
1998 Mendeleev Golden Medal

Mendeleev Medal

In Saint Petersburg his name was given to the

National Metrology Institute dealing with
establishing and supporting national and worldwide
standards for precise measurements
In 1907, Mendeleev died at the age of 72 in Saint
Petersburg from influenza.