Hungarian Grammar

If you're trying to learn the most essential topics about Hungarian you
will find some useful resources including a course about adjectives,
adverbs, articles, gender (feminine, masculine...), negation, nouns,
numbers, phrases, plural, prepositions, pronouns, questions, verbs,
vocabulary, excercises
Hungarian Lessons
Learning Hungarian can help you communicate with other people who
speak Hungarian. The following courses will provide you with some
help based on the lessons you choose. Here is a list of what we offer:
1-

Plural Lesson

While in English, the plural is formed by adding (s) to the singular.

In Hungarian, to form the plural of nouns and adjectives we add (-k) to
words ending in a vowel and (-ak) or (-k) or(-ek) or (-k) or (-ik)
or (-k) or (-ok) or (-k) or (-k) or (-k) or (-uk) or (-k) or (k) or (-k) to words ending in a consonant, mostly made a choice of
these based on tradition. Here are some examples:
(Egy) bart (a friend) becomes: bartok (some friends)
(Egy) n (one woman) becomes: nk (some women)
Ez az n piros autm (this is my red car) becomes: Ezek az n piros
autim (these are my red cars) Remark: in this case the plural word
also reflects genitive case (possession)
While in English, the plural is formed by adding (s) to the singular. In
Hungarian, to form the plural of nouns and adjectives we add (-k) to
words ending in a vowel and (-<vowel>k) to words ending in a
consonant. Sometimes the noun itself changes before adding the k.
Here are some examples:
Bart (a friend) becomes: Bartok (some friends)
N (one woman) becomes: Nk (some women)
1

Elv (principle) becomes Elvek.

Brnd (suitcase) becomes Brndk
Daru (crane, a machinery) becomes Daruk
Daru (crane, a bird) becomes Darvak
Ez az n piros autm (this is my red car) becomes: Ezek az n piros
autim (these are my red cars) (The Hungarian plural is formed
differently in the genitive case and there are lots of exceptions. Plural is
one of the most complicated aspect of Hungarian grammar.)
English Plural Hungarian Plural
Plural

Tbbes szm

my book

(az n) knyvem ((but this is not plural))

my books

(az n) knyveim

our daughter
our daughters
I'm cold
we're cold

(a mi) lnyunk
(a mi) lnyaink
fzom
fzunk

his chickens
their chicken

(az ) csirki
(az ) csirkik

alligator

aligtor

alligators

aligtorok

bear
bears

medve
medvk

bird

madr

birds

madarak

bull

bika

bulls

bikk

cat

macska
2

cats

macskk

cow

tehn

cows

tehenek

deer

szarvas

many deer
dog
dogs

szarvasok
kutya
kutyk

donkey

szamr

donkeys

szamarak

eagle

sas

eagles

sasok

elephant

elefnt

elephants

elefntok

giraffe

zsirf

giraffes

zsirfok

goat

kecske

goats

kecskk

horse

horses

lovak

lion

oroszln

lions

oroszlnok

monkey

majom

monkeys

majmok

mouse

egr

mice

egerek

rabbit
rabbits

nyl
nyulak
3

snake

kgy

snakes

kgyk

tiger

tigris

tigers

tigrisek

wolf

farkas

wolves

2-

farkasok

Adverbs Lesson

While in English adverbs are usually formed by adding (-ly) to

adjectives. In Hungarian many adverbs are formed from adjectives,
simply by adding the suffix -an or -en to the singular feminine form of
adjectives. Examples:
Lass (slow) becomes lassan (slowly)
Tkletes (perfect) becomes tkletesen (perfectly)
However thats not always the case. Some words are adverbs by nature.
For example:
Most (now), valban (really), and hamarosan (soon) are all Hungarian
adverbs.
While in English adverbs are usually formed by adding (-ly) to
adjectives. In Hungarian many adverbs are formed from adjectives by
adding the suffix -<vowel>n to the singular form of adjectives. In some
cases the root of the adjective also changes. Examples:
Lass (slow) becomes lassan (slowly)
Tkletes (perfect) becomes tkletesen (perfectly)
Bamba (inane, oafish) becomes bambn
Sr (thick) becomes srn
Lagymatag (tepid, lukewarm, half-hearted) becomes lagymatagon
4

However thats not always the case. Some words are adverbs by nature.
For example:
Hogyan (how), and hn (ardently, fervently) are natural Hungarian
adverbs.
English Adverbs

Hungarian Adverbs

adverbs

hatrozszk

I read a book sometimes

I will never smoke

Nha knyvet olvasok

Soha nem fogok dohnyozni

are you alone? Egyedl vagy?

adverbs of time idhatrozk
yesterday

tegnap

today

ma

tomorrow

holnap

now

most

then

akkor

later

ksbb

tonight

ma este

right now

most rgtn

last night

tegnap este

this morning

ma reggel

next week

jv hten

already

mr

recently

nemrg

lately
soon

az utbbi idben
hamar / hamarosan
5

immediately

azonnal

still

mg mindig

yet

mg

ago

ezeltt

adverbs of place helyhatrozk

here

itt

there

ott

over there amott

everywhere

mindenhol

anywhere brhol
nowhere
home

sehol
otthon

away

tvol

out

kinn / kint

adverbs of manner
very
quite

nagyon
egszen

pretty

elg / elgg

really
fast
well
hard

mdhatrozk

igazn
gyorsan ("gyors" is an adjective, not an adverb of manner)
jl
kemnyen

quickly

gyorsan

slowly

lassan

carefully gondosan
hardly

alig

barely

alig
6

mostly

tbbnyire

almost

majdnem

absolutely

teljesen

together

egytt

alone

kizrlag

adverbs of frequency gyakorisghatrozk

always

mindig

frequently gyakran
usually

rendszerint

sometimes

nha

occasionally
seldom

alkalmanknt
elvtve

rarely

ritkn

never

soha

3-

Adjectives Lesson

In English an adjective doesnt change when the noun changes, and

in Hungarian neither, not even to match numbers. For example:
a)

Masculine to feminine example:

Ez az n kis fiam (this is my little son) becomes: Ez az n kis

lnyom (this is my little daughter)
As you can see from the example above, the adjective comes before the
noun (kis) and does not change.
b)

Singular to plural example:

7

Ez az n fehr macskm (this is my white cat) becomes: Ezek az n

fehr macskim (these are my white cats).
As you can see from the example above, the adjective comes before the
noun (kis) and does not change.
Learning the Hungarian Adjectives displayed below is vital to the
language. Hungarian Adjectives are words that describe or modify
another person or thing in the sentence.
As in English, Hungarian adjectives dont change when the noun
changes. Furthermore, Hungarian has no genders.
Kicsi hz (little house) becomes kicsi hzak (little houses)
Ez az n drga kicsi fehr macskm (this is my dear little white cat)
becomes: Ezek az n drga kicsi fehr macskim (these are my dear
little white cats).
As you can see from the examples above, the adjective comes before the
noun.
Here are some examples:
English Adjectives
adjectives

Hungarian Adjectives

mellknevek

a green tree

egy zld fa

a tall building

egy magas plet

a very old man egy nagyon reg ember

the old red house

a rgi piros hz

a very nice friend

egy nagyon kedves bart

Below is a list of the Adjectives, Colors, Shapes, Sizes in Hungarian

placed in a table.
English Adjectives
colors

Hungarian Adjectives

sznek
8

black fekete
blue

kk

brown
gray

barna
szrke

green

zld

orange

narancssrga

purple

bbor

red

piros

whitefehr
yellow

srga

sizes mretek
big nagy
deep mly
long hossz
narrow

keskeny

short alacsony
smallkicsi
tall magas
thick vastag
thin vkony
wide szles
shapes

alakzatok

circular

krlevl

straight

egyenes

square

ngyzet

triangular hromszg
tastes

zek (plural of "z" /taste/)

9

bitter

keser

fresh

friss

salty ss
sour savany
spicy fszeres
sweet

des

qualities

tulajdonsgok

bad rossz
clean tiszta
dark stt
difficult

nehz

dirty piszkos
dry szraz
easy knny
empty

res

expensive drga
fast gyors
foreign

klfldi

full teli
good j
hard kemny
heavy

nehz

inexpensive

olcs

light fny
local helyi
new j
noisy

zajos
10

old

reg

powerful erteljes
quiet csendes
correct

helyes

slow

lass

soft

lgy

very nagyon
weak gyenge
wet nedves
wrong

rossz

young

fiatal

quantities mennyisgek
few kevs
little kis or "kevs"
manysok
muchsok
part rsz
some nhny
a fewnhny
whole
4-

egs

Numbers Lesson

In Hungarian numbers recursive and logical. We separate large

numbers with a slash into three-digit sections to make it easier to read.
22 = huszonkett. 45 can be formed by using 40 + 5 while connecting
them: 45 = negyvent.
5-

Articles Lesson
11

Definite Article:
Unlike English, which has only one definite article
the", Hungarian has 2 definite articles:
a (if the next word starts with a consonant), a knyv (the book)
az (if the next word starts with a vowel) az rem (the coin)
Indefinite Article:
While we have (a / an / some) in English as indefinite articles, we also
have egy in Hungarian.
In general, whenever (a, an) are used in English you, you need to use
(egy) to say the equivalent in Hungarian.
egy knyv (a book), egy hz (a house), nhny knyv (some
books), nhny hz (some houses)
Egy hz (a house)
Egy utca (a street)
Egy llat (an animal)
Example: A knyveim egy bartom hzban vannak (The books I have
are in a house of a friend) Remark: Usually we in Hungarian do not
hardly put any indefinite articles in the text.
English Articles

Hungarian Articles

articles

nvelk

the If the word following article begins with a vowel: "az" if it begins
with a consonant: "az"
a

egy

one

egy

some

nhny

few

nhny

the book

a knyv

the books a knyvek

12

a book

egy knyv

one book egy knyv

some books

nhny knyv

few books nhny knyv

6-

Verbs Lessons
-

Present Tense

In Hungarian, verbs take the following endings to form the present

tense:
(depending on the vowels of the verb, the first vowel of the endings can
be any other vowels, this is also based on tradition)
n -ek/-em, te -el, -ik, mi -nk, ti -tek, k -nek. Example:
n eszek/em, te eszel, eszik, mi esznk, ti esztek, k esznek.
These endings can help you a lot, because with them you can
conjugate most of verbs into the present tense, you only need
the stem of the verb, for example the stem of (eszik: to eat) is (esz).
-

Past Tense

In Hungarian as well as in English the simple past tense (imperfect) is

used to describe past events. The endings for the past tense verbs are:
n -tam, te -tl, -tt, mi -ttunk, ti -ttatok, k -ttak. Example :
n jtszottam, te jtszottl, jtszott, mi jtszottunk, ti jtszottatok,
k jtszottak.
So just take any regular verb stem and add it to the endings above, for
example our previous verb spielen (to play), its stem is jtszo, plus the
13

endings above becomes n jtszottam(I played). - Remark: Be careful

with stems, most Hungarian stems are irregular and add a vowel.
-

Future Tense

To form the future in Hungarian its very easy, just use the present tense
verb plus add the word majd (this is a very simple way of saying
future tense, although Hungarians also use conjugation in future tense
and often use present tense simply in the meaning of events in the near
future. Example:
n jtszok/m majd, te jtszol majd...
This means that you dont have to worry about future tense that much.
-

Present Tense

In Hungarian, verbs are conjugated according to a devilishly complex

system which would take a separate book to describe and years to learn.
I wish you good luck.
Here are the barebone basics.
Present tense:
Examples:
csinl (do): n csinlok (csinlom if transitive), te csinlsz (csinlod if
transitive), csinl (csinlja if transitive), mi csinlunk (csinljuk if
transitive), ti csinltok (csinljtok if transitive), k csinlnak (csinljk
if transitive)

14

megy (go): n megyek, te msz, megy, mi megynk, ti mentek, k

mennek
olvas (read): n olvasok (olvasom), te olvasol (olvasod), olvas
(olvassa), mi olvasunk (olvassuk), ti olvastok (olvasstok), k olvasnak
(olvassk)
jr (walk): n jrok (jrom), te jrsz (jrod), jr (jrja), mi jrunk
(jrjuk), ti jrtok (jrjtok), k jrnak (jrjk)
-

Past Tense

In Hungarian as well as in English the simple past tense (imperfect) is

used to describe past events. The endings for the past tense verbs are:
(Sorry, the rules are too complicated to describe here). Examples:

csinl (do): n csinltam, te csinltl (csinltad if transitive), csinlt

(csinlta if transitive), mi csinltunk (csinltuk if transitive), ti
csinltatok (csinlttok if transitive), k csinltak (csinltk if transitive)
megy (go): n mentem, te mentl, ment, mi mentnk, ti mentetek, k
mentek
olvas (read): n olvastam, te olvastl (olvastad), olvasott (olvasta), mi
olvastunk (olvastuk), ti olvastatok (olvasttok), k olvastak (olvastk)
jr (walk): n jrtam, te jrtl (jrtad), jrt (jrta), mi jrtunk (jrtuk), ti
jrtatok (jrttok), k jrtak (jrtk)
15

Future Tense

To form the future in Hungarian you can use the present tense or the
structure <infinitive>+ fogok or majd + <present tense form>
Examples with fogok:
csinl (do): n csinlni fogok, te csinlni fogsz, csinlni fog, mi
csinlni fogunk, ti csinlni fogtok, k csinlni fognak
megy (go): n el fogok menni, te el fogsz menni, el fog menni, mi el
fogunk menni, ti el fogtok menni, k el fognak menni (please note the
use of el, a verbal prefix meaning away; megy = go elmegy = go
away)
olvas (read): n olvasni fogok (el fogom olvasni if transitive), te olvasni
fogsz (el fogod olvasni if transitive), olvasni fog (el fogja olvasni if
transitive), mi olvasni fogunk (el fogjuk olvasni if transitive), ti olvasni
fogtok (el fogjtok olvasni if transitive), k olvasni fognak (el fogjk
olvasni if transitive)
jr (walk): n jrni fogok, te jrni fogsz, jrni fog, mi jrni fogunk, ti
jrni fogtok, k jrni fognak
Examples with majd + <present tense form>:
csinl (do): n majd csinlok (majd megcsinlom if transitive), te majd
csinlsz (majd megcsinlod if transitive), majd csinl (majd
megcsinlja if transitive), mi majd csinlunk (majd megcsinljuk if
16

transitive), ti majd csinltok (majd megcsinljtok if transitive), k majd

csinlnak (majd megcsinljk if transitive)
(please note the use of meg, a verbal prefix meaning completion; csinl
= do megcsinl = complete, finish)
megy (go): n majd (el)megyek, te majd (el)msz, majd (el)megy, mi
majd (el)megynk, ti majd (el)mentek, k majd (el)mennek (please note
the use of el, a verbal prefix meaning away; megy = go, amble aimlessly
or stressing the process of going elmegy = go away, more specific)
olvas (read): n majd olvasok (majd elolvasom if transitive), te majd
olvasol (majd elolvasod if transitive), majd olvas (majd elolvassa if
transitive), mi majd olvasunk (majd elolvassuk if transitive), ti majd
olvastok (majd elolvasstok if transitive), k majd olvasnak (majd
elolvassk if transitive)
(please note the use of el, a verbal prefix meaning completion; olvas =
read elolvas = read completely or from cover to cover)
jr (walk): n majd jrok, te majd jrsz, majd jr, mi majd jrunk, ti
majd jrtok, k majd jrnak
English Verbs Hungarian Verbs
Verbs
Past

Igk
Mlt

I spoke

Beszltem

I wrote

rtam

I drove

Vezettem

I loved

Szerettem
17

I gave

Adtam

I smiled

Mosolyogtam

I took

Vettem

he spoke beszlt
he wrote

rt

he drove

vezetett

he loved

szerette or szeretett

he gave

adta or adott

he smiled mosolygott
he took

vette or vett

we spoke beszltnk
we wrote rtunk
we drove vezettnk
we loved szerettk or szerettnk
we gave

adtunk or adtuk

we smiled mosolyogtunk
we took

vettnk or vettk

Future

Jv

I will speak

beszlni fogok

I will writerni fogok

I will drivevezetni fogok
I will love szeretni fogok or szeretni fogom
I will give adni fogok
I will smile
I will take

mosolyogni fogok
el fogom venni

he will speak

fog beszlni or beszlni fog (or reverse order)

he will write

fog

rni or rni fog (or reverse order)

18

he will drive

vezetni fog (or reverse order)

he will love

szeretni fog or szeretni fogja

he will give

adni fog (or reverse order)

he will smile

mosolyogni fog (or reverse order)

he will take

venni fog or venni fogja or el fogja venni

we will speak

beszlni fogunk (or reverse order)

we will write

fogunk rni or rni fogunk

we will drive

vezetni fogunk (or reverse order)

we will love

szeretni fogunk or szeretni fogjuk

we will give

adni fogunk (or reverse order)

we will smile

mosolyogni fogunk (or reverse order)

we will take

venni fogunk or venni fogjuk or el fogjuk venni

Present

Jelen

I speak

beszlek

I write

rok

I drive

vezetek

I love

Szeretem or szeretek

I give

Adok

I smile

Mosolygok

I takeVeszem or veszek
he speaks beszl
he writes rja or r
he drives vezet
he loves

szeret or szereti

he gives

ad or adja

he smiles mosolyog
he takes

vesz or veszi
19

we speak beszlnk
we write

runk

we drive

mi vezetnk or vezetnk

we love

szeretjk or szeretnk

we give

adunk or adjuk

we smile mosolygunk
we take

vesznk or vesszk

List of Verbs in Hungarian

Below is a list of the conjugated Verbs in the present past and future in
Hungarian placed in a table.
I can accept that El tudom fogadni, hogy
she added it

hozztette, hogy

we admit itbevalljuk
they advised him

azt tancsoltk neki,

I can agree with that Egyet tudok rteni azzal, hogy

she allows it

megengedi

we announce it bejelentjk
I can apologize Elnzst krhetek
she appears today

jelenik meg ma

they arranged that

gy szerveztk, hogy

I can arrive tomorrow Holnap tudok rkezni

she can ask him meg tudja krdezni tle
she attaches that hozzfzi, hogy
we attack them megtmadjuk ket
they avoid her

elkerlik (t)

I can bake it

Ki tudom stni
20

she is like him egyformk

we beat it mi t meg
they became happy

boldogok lettek

I can begin that Azzal tudom kezdeni, hogy or azzal kezdhetem, hogy
we borrowed money pnzt klcsnztnk
they breathe air levegt vesznek
I can bring it

el tudom hozni or hozhatom

I can build that Fel tudom pteni

she buys food

lelmiszert vsrol

we calculate it azzal szmolunk, hogy... Or gy szmolunk, hogy...

they carry it

hordozzk

they don't cheat nem csalnak

she chooses him t vlasztja
we close it bezrjuk
he comes here

idejn

I can compare that

ssze tudom hasonltani, hogy

she competes with me versenyez velem

we complain about it errl panaszkodunk
they continued reading

tovbb olvasott / folytatta az olvasst

he cried about that

kiltotta, hogy a

I can decide now

Most el tudom dnteni

she described it to me lerta nekem / elmagyarzta nekem

we disagree about it ebben nem rtnk egyet
they disappeared quickly

eltntek gyorsan or reverse order

I discovered thatRjttem, hogy

she dislikes that nem szereti, hogy
we do it

megcsinljuk
21

they dream about it

I earned

k lmodnak, hogy

Szereztem

he eats a lot

sokat eszik

we enjoyed that lveztk, hogy

they entered here

itt lptek be

he escaped that megszktt, hogy

I can explain that

Meg tudom magyarzni, hogy

she feels that too gy rzi, hogy tl

we fled from there

onnan megszktnk

they will fly tomorrow

holnap fognak replni

I can follow you Tudlak kvetni / kvethetlek

she forgot me

elfelejtett engem

we forgive him megbocstunk neki

I can give her that
she goes there

Annyiban igazat adok neki, hogy

odamegy

we greeted them dvzltk ket

I hate that Utlom, hogy
I can hear it

Hallom

she imagine that azt kpzelni, hogy

we invited them meghvtuk ket
I know him

Ismerem

she learned it

megtanulta

we leave now

most elmegynk

they lied about him

hazudtak rla

I can listen to that

arra oda tudok figyelni

she lost that

elvesztette, hogy

we made it yesterday tegnap ksztettk

22

they met him

tallkoztak vele

I misspell that

azt rosszul betzm

I always pray

Mindig imdkozom

she prefers that jobban szereti, ha

we protected them

megvdtk ket

they will punish her

meg fogjk bntetni

I can put it there oda tudom tenni / odatehetem

she will read it el fogja olvasni
we received that megkaptuk
they refuse to talk

sem akarnak beszlni

I remember that Emlkszem, hogy

she repeats that megismtli azt, hogy
we see it

ltjuk

they sell it eladjk

I sent that yesterday Azt tegnap kldtem
he shaved his beard

leborotvlta a szakllt

it shrunk quickly

gyorsan sszement

we will sing it

nekelni fogjuk

they sat there

ott ltek

I can speak it

Tudok beszlni, hogy

she spends money

klt pnzt

we suffered from that attl szenvedtnk

they suggest thatazt javasoljk, hogy
I surprised him megleptem (t)
she took that

vett, hogy

we teach it tantjuk
they told us

azt mondtk
23

she thanked him megksznte neki

I can think about it
she threw it

el tudok rla gondolkozni / elgondolkodhatok rla

dobta

we understand that

megrtjk, hogy

they want that

azt akarjk, hogy

I can wear it

hordhatom / viselhetem

she writes that azt rja, hogy

we talk about it beszlnk rla
they have it

nekik van....

I watched it

nztem / megnztem

I will talk about it

Fogok beszlni rla

he bought that yesterday

we finished it

azt tegnap vettk

befejeztk

7- Asking a Question Lesson

In Hungarian only intonation is enough to create a question of any
sentence. When you pronounce the sentence or a simple word (verb),
you just raise the tone at the last vowel.
8-

Negation Lesson

In Hungarian, negation can be made simply by placing "No" before the

main verb. Not double negative exists. "Nem" is the most common
negative.
Nem tudom megcsinlni (I can't do this).
Nincs semmi dolguk (they don't have anything to do Nincs means
nothing/anything).
Nem szeretem (I don't like it)
24

In Hungarian, negation can be made simply by placing "nem" before

the main verb. The double negative is frequently used.
Ern olvas = Ern is reading Ern nem olvas = Ern is not reading
Sokat jtszunk = we play a lot Nem jtszunk sokat = we do not play
much
Elment = (s)he left Nem ment el = (s)he did not leave
Mi mindenre nem gondolt! = Literally: What all (s)he did not think of;
meaning: (s)he prepared very meticulously/carefully
Mit nem adnk rte! = Literally: What all I would not give for it!
meaning: I would be prepared to pay almost any price for it
Addig jr a kors a ktra, mg el nem trik. = Literally: The pitcher goes
so long to the well, until it does not break; meaning: dont push your
luck!
Ez nem semmi! = Literally: this is not nothing; meaning: Vow!/This is
very interesting (or special or difficult).

English Negation
Negation

Hungarian Negation
Tagads

he is not here

Nincs itt

that is not my book

ez nem az n knyvem

do not enter

ne lpjen be

I don't speak

n nem beszlek

I don't write

Nem rok

I don't drive

nem vezetek

I don't love

Nem szeretem
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I don't give

Nem adom

I don't smile

nem mosolygok

I don't take

nem veszek

he doesn't speak nem beszl

he doesn't write nem r
he doesn't drive nem vezet
he doesn't love nem szeret
he doesn't give nem ad / nem adja
he doesn't smile nem mosolyog
he doesn't take nem vesz
we don't speak nem beszlnk
we don't write

nem runk

we don't drive

nem vezetnk

we don't love

mi nem szeretjk

we don't give

mi nem adjuk

we don't smile nem mosolygunk

we don't take
9-

nem vesszk

Pronouns Lesson

In English personal pronouns are (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they), and
(me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them), In Hungarian, the personal
pronouns are:
n (I), te (you), (he), (she),
mi (we), ti (you plural), k (they)
Examples: n tanulok (I learn), te tanulsz (you learn), tanul (he
learns), tanul (she learns), n tanul (you learn [polite]), mi tanulunk
(we learn), ti tanultok (you learn [plural, friendly]), k tanulnak (they
learn).
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Indirect Object Pronouns:

Indirect object pronouns are words that replace the indirect object, which
is usually a person.
Engem (me), tged (you), t (him,
her), minket (us), titeket (you), ket (them), nt/nket (you
singular/plural formal) meaning objects and
Nekem (me), neked (you), neki (him,
her), neknk (us), nektek (you), nekik (them), nnek/nknek (you
singular/plural, formal) meaning targets:
Examples: Add nekem a knyvet (give me the book). Szeretlek tged (I
love you).
Possessive Pronouns (singular/plural):
Enym/enyim (mine), tid/tieid (yours), v / vi (his, hers), mink /
mieink (ours), titek / tieitek (yours), vk /
vik (theirs), n/ni (yours, formal).
enym (mine), tid (singular yours), v (his, hers, its), mink (ours),
titek (plural yours), vk (theirs).
One special feature of Hungarian is the combination of prepositions and
pronouns into single words. Examples:
to me = nekem, to you = neked, to him = neki, to us = neknk, to you =
nektek, to them = nekik
from me = tlem, from you = tled, etc.
for me = szmomra, for you = szmodra, etc.
between us = kztnk, between you = kztetek, etc.
out of me = bellem, out of you = belled, etc.
(up)on me = rajtam, (up)on you = rajtad, etc.
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Learning the Hungarian Pronouns displayed below is vital to the

language. Hungarian pronouns include personal pronouns (refer to the
persons speaking, the persons spoken to, or the persons or things spoken
about), indefinite pronouns, relative pronouns (connect parts of
sentences) and reciprocal or reflexive pronouns (in which the object of a
verb is being acted on by verb's subject).
In English personal pronouns are (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they), and
(me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them), In Hungarian, the personal
pronouns are:
n, te , mi ti k.
Indirect Object Pronouns:
Indirect object pronouns are words that replace the indirect object, which
is usually a person.
engem(et) (me), tged(et) (you, informal), nt, magt (you, formal) t
(him, her), minket (us) titeket, benneteket (plural you, informal),
nket, magukat (plural you, formal), ket (them)

English Pronouns
Pronouns
I

Hungarian Pronouns

Nvmsok

you If on friendly terms: "te"

he

she
we

mi

they azok otherwise: "k"

me

engem
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you nt / tged
him t
her t
us

minket

them ket
my az n....
your az n.... / a te....
his

az ...

her az ...
our a mi....
their az ....
mine (az) enym
yours(a) tid
his

(az) v

hers (az) v
ours (a) mienk
theirs(az) vk
Below is a list of the Personal pronouns, indefinite pronouns, relative
pronouns, reciprocal or reflexive pronouns in Hungarian placed in a
table..
English Pronouns
I speak

Hungarian Pronouns

beszlek

you speak beszlsz

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he speaks beszl
she speaks beszl
we speak beszlnk
they speak beszlnek
give me

add nekem

give you

nnek

give him ad neki

give her

neki

give us

ad neknk

give them nekik

my book (az n) knyvem
your book (a te) knyved / (az n) knyve
his book

(az ) knyve

her book (az ) knyve

our book (a mi) knyvnk
their book (az ) knyvk

10- Prepositions Lesson

English Prepositions Hungarian Prepositions
Prepositions
inside the house
outside the car

Elljrszk
hzban
autn kvl
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with me

velem

without him

nlkle

under the table

asztal alatt

after tomorrow

holnaputn

before sunset

naplemente eltt

but I'm busy

de el

vagyok foglalva

about

krlbell

above

felett

across

after

utn

against

ellen

among

kztt

around

krl

as

mint

at

-nl/-nl

before

eltt

behind

mgtt

below

alatt

beneath

alatt

beside

mellett

between

kztt
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beyond

tl

but

de

by

ltal

despite

annak ellenre

down

lefel

during

alatt

except

kivve

for
from
in
inside

bels

into
near

kzel

next

kvetkez

of
on
opposite

szemben

out
outside
over

ki
kvl
t

per

per

plus

plusz
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round

kerek

since

ta

than

mint

through

keresztl

till
to
toward

fel

under

alatt

unlike

szemben

until
up

fel

via

keresztl

with

-val/-vel

within

bell

without

nlkl

two words

kt szt

according to

szerint

because of

miatt

close to

kzel

due to

kvetkeztben

except for

kivve

far from

messze
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inside of

bell

instead of helyett
near to

kzel

next to

mellett

outside of kvl
prior to

megelzen

three words
as far as

Hrom sz

amennyire

as well as valamint
in addition to

mellett

in front of eltt
in spite of ellenre
on behalf of

nevben

on top of A tetejre
demonstrative pronouns
this

demonstratv elljrszk

ez

that

az

these

ezek

those

azok

11- Hungarian Gender

As we mentioned before, there is no Hungarian gender which is good
news (compared to other languages).
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While in English it is known that feminine refers to female qualities

attributed specifically to women and girls or things considered feminine.
The complement to feminine is masculine. In Hungarian, nouns are not
masculine, feminine, they might be all considered "neutral".
Grammar Tips:
There are no genders in Hungarian, no feminine and no masculine. This
applies to adjectives as well as nouns.
English GenderHungarian Gender
Feminine

Nies

he is happy

() boldog (male)

she is happy

() boldog (female)

he is American amerikai
she is American amerikai
man

frfi

woman

father

apa

mother

anya

brother

fitestvr or fivr. Older brother: bty, younger brother: cs

sister lnytestvr. Older sister: nvr, younger sister: hg

unclenagybcsi
aunt nagynni
bull bika
cow tehn
boy fi
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girl lny
As you can see from the example above, there is no structure of the
Feminine in Hungarian.

English Vocabulary Hungarian Vocabulary

objects

trgyak

bathroom frdszoba
bed

gy

bedroom hlszoba
ceiling

mennyezet

chair

szk

clothes

ruhzat

coat

kabt

cup

cssze

desk rasztal
dress ruha
floor emelet, if floor/story of a building, but if referring to the ground:
padl
fork villa
furniture

btor

glass pohr
hat

kalap

house

hz
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ink tinta
jacket

dzseki

kitchen

konyha

knife ks
lamp lmpa
letter levl
map trkp
newspaper jsg
notebook jegyzetfzet
pants nadrg
paperpapr
pen toll
pencil

ceruza

pharmacy gygyszertr
picture

kp

plate tnyr
refrigerator

htszekrny

restaurant tterem
roof tet
room szoba
rug sznyeg
scissors

oll
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shampoo sampon
shirt

ing

shoes

cip

soap

szappan

socks

zokni

spoon

kanl

table asztal
toilet WC
toothbrush fogkefe
toothpaste fogkrm
towel

trlkz

umbrella eserny
underwear fehrnem
wall

fal

wallet

pnztrca

window

ablak

telephone telefon

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