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4 Cable Evaluation
5.4.1 Medium-voltage Cable Minimum Sizing
Aside from the normal load current flowing into the
conductor, it is expected that the cable should be able to carry
short-circuit current at a specified duration without damaging.
From equation 5.5, the relation between the short-circuit
current I in Ampere, conductor cross-sectional area A in mm2
and tripping time t in seconds is generally referred as the cable
damage equation or curve for a given type of cable having
short-circuit current temperature TF and maximum continuous
current temperature Ti.
2
ISC
234.5 TF
5
A t 1.18x10 log10 234.5 Ti
I
t
A SC
143
This represents the minimum cross-sectional area
required to withstand the maximum short-circuit current ISC at
tripping time t of the protective device. In this study, the author
will consider the tripping time of the backup protective device
and applying the coordination time interval. This scheme will
ensure that the cable selected is fully protected by the primary
protective device and by the backup protection device in case
the primary protection device fails.
Chapter 1-Introduction
Page 337
For KM5806
From the TCC of KM5806 in Figure 5.4, the tripping time of
the instantaneous relay at a maximum fault current of 20.34kA is
0.05s and with the same fault current, the tripping of 6.9kV bus
protection is 0.578s. The minimum required cross-sectional area is
I
t (20,340) 0.578
A SC
108.14mm2
143
143
The cross sectional area of the cable used for KM5806 is
185mm2 which is more than the calculated minimum size of
108.14mm2 therefore the cable used is acceptable.
The table below shows the summary of results by performing
the same calculation procedure for the rest of MV equipment. Based
on the calculation results, all medium-voltage cables used are
satisfactory and can handle short-circuit condition with appropriate
primary and backup protection.
Table 5.24 Summary of Calculation for Minimum Cable
Ampacity for Medium-voltage Cable
Equipment
Isc (A)
t (s)
KM5806
20,340
0.578
Calculated
Minimum
Cable Size
(mm2)
108.14
YM7601
17,850
0.673
102.40
240
Satisfactory
KM8639
21,500
0.55
111.50
185
Satisfactory
KM8601
19,200
0.617
105.46
185
Satisfactory
PC001
22,490
0.521
113.52
185
Satisfactory
TRL3A
22,124
0.482
107.41
185
Satisfactory
TRL3B
22,000
0.461
104.46
185
Satisfactory
TRM1
(primary
Cable)
22,318
0.886
146.90
630
Satisfactory
Chapter 1-Introduction
Actual
Cable
Size
(mm2)
Remarks
185
Satisfactory
Page 338
Chapter 1-Introduction
Page 339
The same procedure is repeated for the rest of the mediumvoltage loads and the results are summarized in Table 5.26 below.
Table 5.26 Summary of Equipment Grounding Conductor
Sizing for MV Loads
Motor
Overload
Required
Actual
Protection/
Minimum
Equipment
Remarks
Equipment
Rating of
Size PEC
Grounding
Protective
2.50.6.13
Conductor
2
Device
(mm )
Size (mm2)
(A)
KM5806
68.5
8
30
Satisfactory
YM7601
550
38
38
Satisfactory
KM8639
37.5
5.5
30
Satisfactory
KM8601
30.5
5.5
30
Satisfactory
PC001
TRL3A
TRL3B
TRM1
Based
224
277
277
1840
on
the
22
22
22
125
sizing
evaluation
30
30
30
125
results,
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
the
size
of
Chapter 1-Introduction
Page 340