ENGLISH TASK

TEA

GROUP 1 :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

ANNISA DYAH KUMALASARI

ROSININTA SIMATUPANG
UMI LESTARININGSIH
HIDAYATUN
TRI ERMAWATI

(23040114120001)
(23040114120013)
(23040114120020)
(23040114120024)
(23040114120039)

S-1 AGRIBUSINESS
FACULTY OF ANIMAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
UNIVERSITY OF DIPONEGORO
SEMARANG
2015

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. PICTURE OF TEA PLANT

B. EXPLANATION
A tea plant or Cameliasinensisis is a plant that usually found in the highlands.
These plant has more than 82 species that spread all over the world. At this time, the
tea plant is cultivated widely in the tropical and sub-tropical country such as in
Indonesia, India and China. The tea plant can grow in areas with the height about 200
2000 m above the sea with rainfall intensity 50 inches in a year.There are two kinds
of the tea plant, Sinensis tea plant and Assamica tea plant. Sinensis tea plantis lower
than Assamica tea plant, and the Sinensis tea leaves are smaller than Assamica. In
Indonesia, Sinensis tea plant is mainly cultivated because it has good quality than
Assamica tea plant.
The parts of the tea plant are :
1. Leaves
The part of the tea plant that usually use as raw materials of tea drinks are the
youngest leaves. The size of youngest tea leaves are about 1 2 cm that
haslight green color. The youngest leaves are selected because it has
stronger flavor and aroma than the old leaves.
2. Flower and Fruit
The tea plant has white flower. In one flower, it has about 5 8 strands flower
crown and 4 5 strands flower petals. Meanwhile, the fruits have green color
and the inside of the fruit there are about 1 4 white seeds.

3. Trunk
The trunk of the tea plant grows straightly, and it has many little branches. The
tea plant grows like a pine tree, if the branches are not cut, so it has to cut to
make the treatment and the harvest process easily.

4. Root
The tea plant has a long tip of root. It can help the tea plant to penetrate the
deep soil, and to absorb the water and the nutrition from the soil easily.

CHAPTER II
HOW TO CULTIVATE
In Indonesia, the biggest tea cultivation are located in Java Island, such as: Ciwidey, Puncak
Bogor (West Java); Wonosobo, Brebes (Central Java); and Malang (East Java).
The steps of the tea cultivation are:
1. Seedling
There are two ways to get the tea seedling. That is generative (use the seed) and
vegetative (by using the clone from the stek process). If we use the seed for
seedlings, we have to choose the seeds with good quality and free from pests.
2. Planting
After the seedlings have been large enough, they have to be moved to the tea
land. Plant the seedlings into the hole that has 30 cm in diameters and 40 cm in
depth. The space among the plants are about 120cm length and 90 cm in width.
Before we cover the hole with soil, we have to add some fertilizer into the hole.
After that, we have to flat the soil.
3. Maintaining
There are some ways that we have to do for maintenance the tea plant:
We have to watering the plant twice in a week
We have to do periodic fertilization about 3 4 time in a years
Cut the old tea leaves in periodic
Pull the grasses what are around the tea plant
4. Harvesting
The tea plants are harvested after 3 years. The leaves of tea, which are harvested,
are youngest leaves with the best quality. The tip of the leaves tea can be
harvested once of every 6 12 days.

CHAPTER III
After the tip of tea are harvested, the leaves of tea will pass some basic process,
such as withering process, rolling process, milling process and wet sorting process. The
purpose of withering process is to reduce the water from the leaves until 50%. The aim of
rolling process is to take out the leaves liquid, so the fermentation process can be held.
Milling process is to make the tea leaves smaller. The purpose of wet sorting process is to
get one kind of powder.
Some kind of tea is processed with a different method, so the nutrient is also different.
There are many kind of tea, such as :
a. Green Tea
The leaves of the tea are not fermented, but it is processed with steam, so it has a
smoother flavor than black tea.
b. Black Tea
A Black Tea are made from the tea leaves that pass all of basic process, such as
rolling process, fermentation process, drying and then milling process. The black
tea contains the highest caffeine and has a bitterest taste.
c. Herbal Tea
A Herbal Tea are not made by Camelia sinensiss leaves, but it is made from the
leaves, roots, seeds, and the flower from another plant that can be use as an
medicine.
d. White tea
A White Tea are made from kind of oxydated tea. This tea have the smoothest
taste because its contained less caffeine.
e. Oolong Tea
An Oolong Tea are fermented in short time so its have strong taste and less
caffeine.
Tea have many advantage for health, such as :
1.
2.
3.
4.

To prevent the stress,

Prevent from the overweight,
To increase the health of skin,
Full of anti oxidants.

A tea can also be used as :

Mixture of food such as candies, cake, noodles, biscuit, cake, ice cream and

etc.
A tea for farmation industry, for example : food suplement, caffein, and

catechin (anti-cancer).
For tooth paste and mouth wash.
For cosmetic industry like parfume, beauty oil that made from tea seeds,

deodorant, and ingredients for various cosmetics.

Biopestiside, disinfectant and saponin are made from tea seeds to destroy the
pest of shrimp.

Most of the tea from farmer will be sell to the factory in fresh conditions. The price of
one kilos fresh tip tea are about Rp 1.700,-. In the factory, the fresh tip of tea will be
processed further until the tea can be consumed.
The most big greentea factory in South-East Asia is located in Indonesia that named
Mitra Kerinci. The factory can produce 60 tons green tea everyday with 1.481 hectares tea
land area that categorized in narrow tea land area. Mitra Kerinci has a special equipment that
the other factory dont have because the equipment was an innovation from the
management. Now, Mitra Kerinci factory has 32 greentea dryer machine that make this
factory really productive.
Mitra Kerinci factory has priority on greentea production because the price was really
good, Rp 14.000 per kilograms. Not only produce green tea, the factory also produce black
tea and white tea. The production of the black tea about 30 tons everyday. Meanwhile, the
production of white tea depend on the consument because the price is too expensive about
Rp 2 million per kilogram.

REFERENCES
Hamriadi.

2014.

Mitra

Kerinci

miliki

pabrik

teh

hijau

terbesar.

http://www.antaranews.com/berita/415551/mitra-kerinci-miliki-pabrik-teh-hijau-terbesar