SECTION 304

AGGREGATEBASECOURSE
304.1Description. Thisworkshallconsistoffurnishingandplacingoneormorecoursesof
aggregateonapreparedsubgradeinaccordancewiththesespecifications,andasshownonthe
plansorasdirectedbytheengineer.Thetypeofaggregatetobeusedwillbespecifiedinthe
contract.
304.2Material. MaterialforType1, 5 and7aggregatebasesshallbecrushed stoneor
reclaimed asphaltorconcretewhichmeettherequirementsof Sec1007.
304.3ConstructionRequirements.
304.3.1FieldLaboratory. Whenauthorizedbytheengineer,thecontractorshallprovidea
Type2fieldlaboratoryinaccordancewithSec601.Paymentforthelaboratorywillbemade
inaccordancewith Sec601.
304.3.2 Subgrade. All work on that portion of subgrade on which the base is to be
constructed shall be completed in accordance with Sec 209.2.1 prior to placing any base
materialonthatportion.Aggregatebaseshallnotbeplacedonfrozensubgrade.
304.3.3Placing.
304.3.3.1 The contractorshall place base material on theroadbed as showninthe contract
documents. Themaximumcompactedthicknessofanyonelayershallnotexceed6inches.If
the specified compacted depth of the base course exceeds 6 inches, the base shall be
constructedintwoormorelayersofapproximatelyequalthickness.Thecompacteddepthof
asinglelayerofthebasecoursemaybeincreasedto8inchesforshoulders.
304.3.3.2 Types1and5aggregatebaseusedforshouldersadjacenttorigidorflexibletype
pavement,including pavementresurfacing,shall be simultaneously deposited and spread on
the subgrade. Aggregate shall not be deposited on the pavement and bladed or dozed into
place.
304.3.4ShapingandCompacting. Eachlayershallbecompactedtothespecifieddensityor
dynamicconepenetrationindexvaluebeforeanotherlayerisplaced.
304.3.4.1 SegregatedsurfaceareasconstructedofType1aggregatebasemaybecorrectedby
addingandcompactinglimestonescreeningsofsuchgradationandquantityasrequiredtofill
thesurfacevoids,andfirmlybindtheloosematerialinplace.Screeningsusedincorrecting
segregatedsurfaceareaswillbemeasuredandpaidforasbasematerial.Type5andType7
aggregatebasesareintendedtoprovidesomedrainageandshallnotbesegregated.Trimmed
Type5and7aggregatebasemaynotbereuseduntilthematerialisverifiedasmeetingthe
requiredspecifications.Basematerialcontaminatedtotheextentthatthematerialnolonger
complies with thespecifications shallberemoved and replaced with satisfactory material at
thecontractorsexpense.
304.3.4.2 Type 1 aggregate base used for shoulders shall be compacted to a minimum
95percentofstandardmaximumdensity.Type1aggregatebaseusedonotherthanshoulders

shallbecompactedtonolessthanstandardmaximumdensity.Type5aggregatebaseunder
both roadway and shoulders shall be compacted to a minimum 95 percent of standard
maximum density. The Standard Compaction Test will be conducted in accordance with
AASHTOT99,MethodC,replacinganymaterialretainedonthe3/4inchsieve,asprovided
therein. Field density will be determined in accordance with AASHTO T 191 or
AASHTOT310,DirectTransmission,forwetdensity.Thevolumeofthetestholemaybe
reduced as necessary to accommodate available testing equipment. If nuclear density test
methodsareused,moisturecontentwillbedeterminedinaccordancewithAASHTOT310,
exceptamoisturecorrectionfactorwillbedeterminedforeachaggregateinaccordancewith
MoDOTTestMethodTM35.InlieuofthedensityrequirementsforType1aggregatebase
usedforshoulderswiththicknesseslessthan4inches,theaggregateshallbecompactedbya
minimum of three complete coverages witha 5 ton roller. Rolling shall be continued until
thereisnovisibleevidenceoffurtherconsolidation.
304.3.4.3 Type 7 aggregate base under both roadway and shoulders shall be compacted to
achieveanaveragedynamicconepenetrationindexvaluethroughthebaseliftthicknessless
thanorequalto0.4inchesperblow,asdeterminedbyastandarddynamicconepenetrometer
(DCP)devicewitha17.6lbhammermeetingtherequirementsofASTMD6951.
304.3.4.3.1 Water shall be applied to the Type 7 base material during the mixing and
spreading operations so thatat thetime of compaction the moisture contentis not less than
5percentofthedryweight.
304.3.4.3.2 Type7baseshallbetestedwiththeDCPwithin24hoursofplacementandfinal
compaction.
304.3.4.4 If at any time the compacted aggregate base or subgrade becomes unstable, the
contractor,atthecontractor'sexpense,shallrestoretheearthsubgradeandtheaggregatebase
totherequiredgrade,crosssectionanddensity.
304.3.5 Substitutions for Aggregate Base. If available, the contractor may substitute
bituminouspavementcoldmillingsorcrushedrecycledconcreteinlieuofaggregatebasefor
anytemporarysurface,regardlessofthetypeorthicknessofaggregateshownontheplans.If
this option is exercised, the contractor shall notify the engineer at least two weeks prior to
usingthemillingsorrecycledconcrete,andshallidentifythelocationfromwherethemillings
orconcretewillberemoved. Themillingsorrecycledconcreteshallbeinstalledtothesame
dimensionsshownontheplansfortheaggregatebase.Millingsorrecycledconcreteshallbe
placed in maximum 4inch lifts, and each lift shall be compacted by a minimum of three
passeswitha10tonroller.
304.3.6 Maintenance. The contractor shall maintain, at the contractors expense, the
requireddensity and surface condition of any portion of the completed aggregate base until
eithertheprimecoatorasucceedingcourseorpavementisplaced.Ifaprimecoatisspecified
in the contract, the contractor will be required to apply the prime coat on any completed
portionoftheaggregatebaseassoonaspractical,orasotherwisespecified.Thecontractor
will not bepermitted to apply primeif the moistureinthetop 2inches of the Type 1 or 5
aggregate base exceeds the higher of either (1) the average of the optimum moisture as
determinedbytheStandardCompactionTestandtheabsorptionoftheplusNo.4fraction,or
(2)twothirdsoftheoptimummoistureasdeterminedbytheStandardCompactionTest.
304.4QualityControl/QualityAssurance(QC/QA).
304.4.1 Quality Control. The contractor shall control operations to ensure the aggregate
base,inplace,meetsthespecifiedrequirementsfordensity,thickness,gradation,deleterious,

andplasticityindex.Testsshallbetakenatrandomlocationsdesignatedbytheengineeratthe
followingfrequency:
TestedProperty
Density

DynamicCone
Penetrometer
IndexValue(for
Type7base)
Thickness

TestMethod
AASHTOT191
or
AASHTOT310
ASTMD6951

ContractorFrequency EngineerFrequency
1per1000tons,
1per4,000tons,
minimumof1perday
minimumof1per
project
1per1000tons,
1per4,000tons,
minimumof1perday
minimumof1per
project

Applicable
1per1000tons,
1per4,000tons,
methodmeeting
minimumof1perday
minimumof1per
engineers
project
approval
Gradationand
AASHTOT11,
1per2000tons,
1per8,000tons,
Deleterious
AASHTOT27
minimumof1perdayb minimumof1per
Materiala
andMoDOTTest
project
MethodTM71
PlasticityIndexa
AASHTOT89
1per10,000tons,
1per40,000tons,
andAASHTOT minimumof1per
minimumof1per
90
project
project
a
Sampledatpointofdelivery,priortorolling.
b
Whenproductionforaweekisanticipatedtobe1,000tonsorless,thecontractormaytestthe
materialatafrequencyof1per250tons or1perweek,whicheveroccursfirst.
304.4.1.1 Thecontractorshallprovidecopiesofthetestresults,includingallrawdata,tothe
engineerthenextbusinessdayfollowingtestingorsampling.
304.4.1.2 Thecontractororthecontractorsrepresentativeshallalsodeterminethestandard
maximumdrydensityandtheoptimummoisturecontentforType1and5basematerialand
thedryweightforType7basematerialandsupplyalltestdatatotheengineer.
304.4.1.3 Whendensity orDCPindexvaluetestsarelessthanspecifiedorwhenthickness
measurements indicate the thickness is deficient by more than 1/2 inch from the plan
thickness,additionalmeasurementswillbetakenat100foot intervalsparalleltocenterline
ahead andbehind the testedlocationuntilthe extent of the deficiency has been determined.
Each measurement will be assumed as representative of the base thickness for a distance
extendingonehalfthedistancetothenextmeasurement,measuredalongcenterline,orinthe
case ofa beginning or ending measurement, the distance will extendto the end of the base
section. Any deficient areas shall be corrected by reworking or adding material within the
limitsofthedeficiency.
304.4.1.4 Whentwoconsecutivetestsforgradation,deleteriousmaterial,orplasticityindex
do not meet the specification limits, the material shall be removed beginning at the point
wherethefirsttestwasconducted.
304.4.1.5 Thecontractorshallretaintheuntestedportionoftheplasticityindex,gradationand
deleterioussamplefortheengineersuse.
304.4.2 Quality Assurance. The contractors QC test results and the engineers QA test
resultsshallmeetthespecificationsandthefollowing.ForType1and5basethecontractors
compaction standard tests shall compare within 3.0 pounds of the maximum density of the
MoDOT determined compaction standard. For Type 7 base the contractors average DCP
penetration index shall compare within 0.1 inches per blow of the MoDOT determined

average penetration index. For retained samples, the contractors test results and the
engineerstestresultsshallcomparewithinthefollowinglimits:
(a)Thetotaldeleteriousmaterialshallbewithin2.0percentagepoints.
(b)Theplasticityindexshallbewithin2.
(c)Thegradationtestresultsshallcomparewithinthefollowinglimits:
Sieve
11/2inch
1inch
3/4inch
1/2inch
No.4
No.8
No.10
No.30
No.40
No.100
No.200

Tolerance(%)
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.0
4.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
1.0

304.5MethodofMeasurement. Finalmeasurementofthecompletedaggregatebasecourse
will not be made except for authorized changes during construction, or where appreciable
errorsarefoundinthecontractquantity. Measurementwillincludeaggregatecourseplaced
undercurbandgutter. Whererequired,measurementofaggregatebasecourse,completein
place,willbemadetothenearestsquareyard.Wheretheaggregatebasecourseextendsto
theinslopeoftheshoulder,thepaylimitoftheaggregatebasecoursewillbemeasuredfrom
themidpointoftheslopedportion.Therevisionorcorrectionwillbecomputedandaddedto
ordeductedfromthecontractquantity.
304.6BasisofPayment. Theacceptedquantitiesofaggregatebasecourseofthethickness
andtypespecifiedwillbepaidforatthecontractunitpriceforeachofthepayitemsincluded
inthecontract.Paymentwillbeconsideredfullcompensationforwaterusedinperforming
this work. When bituminous pavement cold millings or recycled crushed concrete are
substitutedforaggregatebase,paymentwillbemadefortheaggregatebasequantityprovided
intheplans,regardlessofwhethermillings, recycledcrushedconcreteortheaggregatebaseis
used. Payment will be considered full compensation for hauling of millings, cold milling
operations, and all other material or labor necessary to substitute bituminous pavement
millingsforaggregatebase.