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Noise reduction
Absorption (porous media)
Receive
r room
Acoustics
(propagation &
weak coupling)
Aero-Acoustics
Noise reduction
Absorption (porous media)
Vibro-Acoustics
Actran Vibro-Acoustics
Actran DGM
Actran Aero-Acoustics
Actran VI
Actran Acoustics
Actran TM
Actran Acoustics
General purpose acoustic modelling tool
Target applications:
Actran VibroAcoustics
Actran AeroAcoustics
Actran TM
Exhaust Muffler
HVAC Module
Gearbox Radiation
Actran VibroAcoustics
General purpose vibro-acoustic modelling tool
Muffler Radiation
Superlement coupling
Actran AeroAcoustics
Broadband aero-acoustics modelling tool (vortex noise)
Key features:
References:
Daimler, BMW, VW, Delphi, Visteon, John Deere, Brothers, PSA...
Fan noise
Correlation to test
Actran TM
Exclusive tool for the modelling of noise radiation by aircraft engine and other
turbomachines
Key features:
10
Airbus
Airbus
Actran/DGM
Objective: solve exhaust turbine noise
Key features:
11
Acoustic field
TURNEX Project
Actran VI
Actrans own pre- and post-processor
12
Advanced post-processing
13
14
15
Pierre POYSAT
EMERSON Climate Technologies
18
18
19
Suction
Gas
Discharge
Gas
20
Alternative solution
Discharge volume increase
Original: 0.4 L
Quick fix: complex, large volume 4.4L
21
21
m5
m4
m3
pressure transducers
m2
m1
22
Geometries
Simulations done for 6 designs variable speed of sound
Volume 4.4
Not tested
Volume 1.36
23
Volume 0.96
Volume 0.4
Results
Pressure map
100 Hz
modle Copeland
24
modle FFT
Results
Pressure map
300 Hz
modle Copeland
25
modle FFT
26
Actran
Reference :
Experimental Validation of an Efficient Procedure for Large Acoustic Radiation
Problems, M.Gustafsson, J.Jacqmot, S.Caro - ISMA 2010 conference
Introduction
This project: a complete truck powertrain, length around 2.5 meters
The structure vibration levels are computed with an external FEA solver
The results (velocities or displacements) are used as the excitation of the
acoustic radiation problem solved by Actran
30
31
Computation Process
In the following, we only focus on the acoustic computations
1. Vibration modes and participation
factors
Binary
files
32
FRF
Waterfall
4. Post-process in Actran
COMPUTATION
33
Model Specifications
Mapping the vibration levels
The vibration levels are projected on a specific surface (named "BC mesh")
This BC mesh is the source in the Actran model
Propagation
Near field: 4 linear finite Elements per wavelength (low dispersion elements
developed by FFT)
Far field: the Infinite Elements model the free field condition and give results
anywhere in the far field
Note: the infinite elements must not be meshed (boundary condition)
34
35
Output specifications
36
field mesh
3 dB
37
Panel Contribution
38
1500 Hz
39
Introduction
Mazda has developed a new engine in order to reduce
the fuel consumption as well as the weight (among
others)
41
Computational Process
Intake Vibrations
Acoustic
PT Vibration - NASTRAN
Evaluation Point
42
42
Results
Rigid Parts
except Intake
Test-CAE
4000rpm
Original 4000rpm
Test
Test
CCAE
AE
43
CAE
44
5dBA
5dBA
Test
5dBA
Mic2
5dBA
Mic1
Design Improvement
Thanks to the accuracy and to the performance of Actran, Mazda can
5dBA
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
Element Contribution
1/3Oct. Band Hz
The weight has been reduced as well as the noise (4dB at the
maximum)
45
2500
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
BASE
MODIFY
315
S.P.L. dBA
engines
47
Vibro-acoustic FEA Modeling of Two Layer
++
Excitation system
Free field radiation / closed box radiation
48
49
(
)
50
()
1(
)
51
1()
(,,)
()
53
54
55
Central Duct
Experimental Set-Up
ACTRAN Results
56
ACTRAN
58
Out
(shell)
In
Out
(pipe)
(: )
Incident
power
from the
engine
Transmitted power
(pipe noise)
Not reflective BC
(TL)
TL =10*log10(Wincident/Wtransmitted)
59
Transmission Loss
With temperature
600K
300K
60
Outlet exhaust noise + shell radiated noise
in one unique model
Acoustic FEM/IEM
interface
fluid 2 (2,c2,T2)
fluid 1 (1,c1,T1)
Acoustic elements,
exhaust interior
Shell elements,
exhaust skin
Actran
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Acoustic elements,
outside fluid
Copyright Free Field Technologies
Energies spectra
Structure deformation
62
ACTRANTMM
(see )
ACTRAN
Finlet = 8000Hz
Foutlet 6000Hz
Finternal = 2000Hz
Finlet = 8000Hz
Finternal = 2000Hz
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TMM
To be performed for
each component
1 0 I 2 0
0 1 R 0
* 2
1 0
0 I1 0
0 0 1 R R1 P0
Exhaust Noise Transmission to the Interior of a
Trimmed Vehicle
Reference :
Numerical Prediction of the Exhaust Noise Transmission to the Interior of a Trimmed Vehicle by using the
Finite/Infinite Element Method
Diego dUdekem et al. (FFT), Takashi Yamamoto (Nissan Motor Co Ltd),
SAE International 2011 Noise and Vibration Conference and Exhibition, 2011, Michigan, USA
experimental data :
Measurement
Calculation
Measurement
Calculation
100Hz
300Hz
Measurement
Measurement
Calculation
67
Calculation
Experiment
W/o insulator
W/ insulator
W/o insulator
W/ insulator
69
(Frequency dependent)
windshield
71
PVB
Glass
1-
Acceleration [m/s2]
100
10
0.1
0.01
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Frequency [Hz]
72
350
400
450
500
2-
T ransparence acoustique - Comparaison simulations ACT R AN/mesures
BMW Sie 3
ESSAI 1
ESSAI 2
ACT RAN
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
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1200
1000
800
600
400
200
Fr uence [ Hz]
3-
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Model Description
4-
OpenFOAM CFD computation
Unsteady incompressible CFD
(pressure, velocity)
Actran/VI Pre-processing
Mesh generation
Actran file setup
Actran/ICFD Interpolation of
the turbulence pressure
fluctuations on the acoustic mesh
Actran VibroAcoustics
Acoustic computation
Use of the TWPF excitation into
Actran
Actran/VI Post-processing
Color map, pressure plot ...
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ACTRAN Aero/Vibro-Acoustic
Color Map of Pressure, Deformation of the side
window 750Hz
TWPF excitation
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10dB
Introduction
Vibro-acoustic modeling of a simplified train compartment
Length: 4 m
Height: 3.12 m
Width: 3 m
Three layer structure: 10 mm of aluminum, 10 mm of porous material , 10 mm of
plastic
Window: glass
Door: Iron
Excitation: point forces from the suspension (on the floor structure)
Frequency range: 5 Hz 500 Hz, with a step of 5 Hz
Symmetric modeling using half geometry
Two steps modeling: 1, coupled structure and inner cavity ; 2, acoustic radiation into
semi free field (taking the ground reflection into account)
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Model Presentation - 1
Three layer structure:
Outer layer: aluminum, 10 mm
Middle layer: porous material, 10 mm
Inner layer: plastic material, 10 mm
Window:
Door:
Inner cavity:
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Standard air
Model Presentation - 2
Two loading positions:
1, Point load of 1N on the floor under the window
2, Point load of 1N on the floor under the door, with
opposite phase than the first point load
Three loadcases:
1, Only point load 1 is applied on the model
2, Only point load 2 is applied on the model
3, Combination of the load 1 and load 2 with equal
contribution factor is applied on the model
Boundary condition:
1, On the connection with compartment extension,
structure displacement along the train length set free,
other two components set to zero
2, On the symmetry plane, structure displacement
component normal to the symmetry plane set to zero,
other two components set free
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Modeling step 1
Structure and inner cavity
Results under loadcase 1
Transfer function:
Sound pressure level / point load
10
3
1 2
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Modeling step 1
Structure and inner cavity
Results under loadcase 1
10
3
1 2
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Modeling step 2
Acoustic radiation
Model: acoustic radiation from the vibration of structure skin calculated
in step 1
Finite element for near field acoustic
Origin of infinite
domain placed on
the floor, taking
account of exterior
ground reflection
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Vibration of
structure as
boundary condition
Modeling step 2
Acoustic radiation
Results under loadcase 1: point load of 1N on the floor under the window
500 Hz, inner arc directivity , (dB)
3 2
1
128
84
128
Copyright Free Field Technologies
Modeling step 2
Acoustic radiation
Results under loadcase 1: point load of 1N on the floor under the window
200 Hz, SPL (dB)
85
Interior Noise
Boundary
Layer
Engine
Air
borne
Structure
borne
ECS
Environment
Control
System
Windows
Avionics
System
Structure
Radiated Noise
Engine noise during landing and take-off phases
APU noise while engines off
87
Other systems
(hydraulic, electrical
systems, etc)
aluminum
layer 1
layer 2
air
layer 3
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Diffuse field
Turbulent boundary layer (Corcos)
Engine structure borne vibrations
User defined (e.g. propeller noise)
Copyright Free Field Technologies
NR(dB)
10 dB
90
10
100
F(Hz)
1000
Courtesy of Airbus
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Going Further
Advanced features
El=135E9 Pa
Et=8.5E9 Pa
nu12=0.35
nu23=0.00
G12=4.2E9
93
Pressurization in Actran
Computations for assessing the effect of the pressurization
pi
po
Average flight
configuration :
pi- po= 50kPa
The pressurization is a static load modify the dynamic stiffness of the entire
system
In practice in ACTRAN: work in two steps:
Step 1: Computation of the static response
determination of the INITIAL_DISPLACEMENT
Step 2: Computation of the dynamic response
using the results of step 1. The software uses the
updated system stiffness
ACTRAN / TM
A unique environment for
modeling turbo-machinery noise
96
Includes an accurate
model of the fan source
In practice: set of rotating modes with a given radial and azimuthal order
Well established rules help choosing the modes amplitudes and phase at BPFH and at any other
frequency
The reflected modes are let free (non reflecting boundary condition)
Radial order = 1
Radial order = 1
Radial order = 2
Radial order = 3
Azimuthal order =0
Azimuthal order = 4
Azimuthal order =4
Azimuthal order =4
98
Muffler
Directivity Diagram
Nacelle radiation, flow, no liner - 500Hz, mode (3,0)
90
4
120
60
150
30
180
99
210
With Liner
and flow
100
Without Liner,
with flow
Output
ACTRAN can output maps in the near and far fields
101
Experimental Validation
ICSV 2005 Fan Noise Radiation from Intake: Comparisons Between FEM
Prediction and Fan Rig Test Measurements with Flare S.Lidoine & B.Caruelle
See also validation on JT15D : Development and validation of a parallel out-ofcore propagation and radiation code with validation on a turbofan application,
P.Ploumhans et al, ICA 2004-702
102
Actran
CPU ex.: 2 way, 2 core
ex.: 32GB
MPI (Message Passing Interface)
104
(thread)
105
225kdofs
6
871kdofs
1250kdofs
5
4
3
2
parallel/sequential RAM
59kdofs
7
sequential/parallel time
linear behaviour
linear behaviour
59kdofs
225kdofs
871kdofs
1250kdofs
5
4
3
2
1
1
1
CPU number
106
CPU30
70GB
107