Examenes Bachillerato

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1.
How old was Erick when he started training?
A.
More than fourteen
B.
Fourteen
C.
Thirty- three
D.
Just nine
2. For how long has been swimming?
A.
Since he was seventeen
B.
For nineteen years
C.
Since 1995
D.
For thirty-three years
3. What type of program did Ericks parents enroll him?
A.
Professional
B.
Advanced
C.
Beginners
D.
Entertainment
4. How many medals has Erick won until now?
A.
Less than forty- nine
B.
Less than thirty-three
C.
Around fourteen
D.
More than forty eight
5. Where does Erick go to train? He goes to train to____________________
A.
Vuelto de Jorco
B.
Guadalupe
C.
Barreal de Heredia
D.
Desamparados
6. What time does Erick train?
A.
Very early in the morning
B.
In the evening
C.
In the afternoon
D.
In the middle of the morning
7.
How many performances did the National Symphony Orchestra offer in the inauguration of
the Music Hall in France?
A.
Around twelve
B.
Just two
C.
More than three
D.
Almost four
8. Why did the National Symphony Orchestra go to france?
A.
A musical auditorium
B.
Drawing exhibition
C.
A national musical festival
D.
Eddie Moras work
9. What do Benjamin Gutierrez and Eddie Mora do? They_____________________.
A.
Accompany the group
B.
Are music writers
C.
Manage the orchestra
D.
Are piano performers
10. According to the writer, where did the National Sympony Orchestra perform the last
concert? In the__________________.
A.
Music Hall
B.
Japanese park
C.
Kanazawa companies
D.
International House in Kobe
11. Based on the reading, how was the National Symphony Orchestras experience?
A.
Not very nice
B.
Not really great
C.
Outstanding
D.
A little fantastic
12.
According to the writer, international fast food is____________________.
A.
Very emerging in Costa Rica
B.
Healthy and free fat
C.
An emerging business in United States
D.
Considered healthy food
13. The main disadvantage of fast food is that it_____________________.
A.
Has low nutritious value
B.
Is cheap and easy to prepare
C.
Is severed in a rush
D.
Has many vitamins and minerals
14. Fast food is very convenient because
A.
People always eat it at home
B.
It is usually severed with a lot of salt
C.
People obtain very healthy food
D.
You dont have to wait a long time to get it
15. The most convenient option to have nutritious food in fast food restaurants is
______________________________.
A.
A very sweet desert
B.
Fried potatoes with mayonnaise
C.
Some huge burgers
D.
A plate of salad some huge burgers
16.
Which recipes are used to spice up other dishes? The recipe(s)

number__________________.
A.
3 exclusively
B.
1 and 3
C.
2 and 3
D.
1 and 2
17. How much time do vinegars need to be marinated before using them?
A.
More than one year
B.
Less than one week
C.
Up to one year
D.
One week or more
18.
Even today, parents teach their children that_______________________.
A.
Avoid greasing their fingers
B.
Not smelling the food
C.
Talking before you eat
D.
Placing their elbows on the table
19. In the 90s, experts included a rule against____________________.
A.
Mary Mitchell
B.
The habit of spittingThe habit of spitting
C.
Sitting at proper place
D.
Right handed people place
20.
Tourist willing to take these trips will be able to participate in just _______________tourist
activities
A.
Seven
B.
Six
C.
Five
D.
Four
21. The package includes different entertainments and _________________meals
A.
Six
B.
Four
C.
Two
D.
Three
22. Tourists will be out of San Jose for ___________days.
A.
Seven
B.
Five
C.
Three
D.
Eight
23.
According to the text, who are the devotees? A group of___________________________.
A.
Native people
B.
Religious old women
C.
Priests
D.
Young people
24. How the origin of the Santo Cristo de Esquipulas?
A.
Its origin is very well know
B.
Everybody knows how it appeared
C.
There is doubt about its origin.
D.
It is indefinite
25. How did the traditional celebration start? With__________________.
A.
Some musical acts
B.
Bull fights
C.
Folk-dancing and marimba bands
D.
A religious procession and fireworks
26. Who died in these fiestas?
A.
72 people
B.
1 motorcyclist
C.
30 young people
D.
2 men
27. Where does the Costa Rican procession of Santo Cristo de Esquipulas take place
traditionally?
A.
In a Guatemalan town
B.
Out of Central American countries
C.
Through the main streets of all Costa Rican towns
D.
In a Guatemalan Church
28. Who was in charge of the participants health in the last Esquipulas celebration?
A.
72 devoted paramedics
B.
10 thousands religious people
C.
85 dedicated people
D.
182 injured patients
29.
People can ________________ packaging in order to reduce waste.
A.
Throw away
B.
Produce only plastic
C.
Forbid the reduce of
D.
Reduce paper and plastic
30. To protect natural resourses, the governments should____________________.
A.
Stop transportation of fuel products
B.
Generate more energy
C.
Prohibit the use of pesticides
D.
Encourage using refrigerant gas
31. Precycling has to do with________________________________.
A.
Limiting radioactive materials
B.
Reusing metal scraps
C.
Planning long lasting materials
D.
Using recyclable products
32. The reading suggests that __________________________ is an activity that can damage
forests.
A.
Recreating
B.
Prevention
C.
Logging
D.
Recycling
33. The purpose of precycling is to _________________________.
A.
Evade radioactive materials
B.
Protect motor oils
C.
Promote recycling
D.
Increase price of aluminum
34. The writer demands that the government should ______________________.
A.
Encourage the good management of wastes
B.
Discourage the precycling process
C.
Increase the pesticides consumptions
D.
Foment the environment pollution
35.
The package includes ____________________________for the people who take it.
A.
2 nights in San Jose, at the end of the trip
B.
Some free facilities
C.
Free round transfers to San Jose
D.
Accommodation at Irazu Best Western
36. At the sea shore, touris would be able to _______________________.
A.
Hear the sound of the ocean
B.
Lay around the pool
C.
Enjoy the best from the jungle
D.
Enjoy a canopy
37. On the sixth day, tourist ____________________.
A.
Can decide whether to stay or not in Costa Rica
B.
Must take the flight to their country
C.
Have to leave the hotel
D.
Have to stay at the hotel
38. Tourists have to take_____________________ transportation to enjoy this trip.
A.
Air and water
B.
Air and public
C.
Land and air
D.
Land water
39.
Based on the text, for whom is folic acid essential?
A.
Its essential for little kids
B.
For all men and women
C.
For a few pregnant women
D.
For no one
40. What can folate insufficiency provoke?
A.
Heart attacks
B.
Anemia
C.
Diabetes
D.
Breathing problems
41. According to Mr. Oakley, what could be possible if people intake folic acid?
A.
Deaths can be avoided
B.
Cancers symptoms can get worse
C.
Birth defects may increase
D.
Infants may be affected.
42. How often can folate be taken?
A.
Everyday
B.
Weekly
C.
Every month
D.
Yearly
43. Where has research about folic acid been done?
A.
In all American institutes
B.
At birth control institutes
C.
Where Dr. Oakley works
D.
In different U.S clinics
44.
How does a democratic country control the limits of power?
A.
Using the judges authority
B.
Improving the Congress power
C.
Increasing the presidents authority.
D.
Writing a constitution which limits the power
45. Which government entity authorizes the Presidents to spend taxes?
A.
The Congress
B.
The Constitution
C.
People who wrote the Constitution
D.
The President himself
46. Why does the Constitution give more power to certain positions? Because some of the
government positions_________________.
A.
Misuse authority
B.
Require the abuse of power
C.
Have unlimited power
D.
Require power to fulfill their duties
47. In a democratic society, who has the power to declare war on another country?
A.
The President of that country
B.
People who are concerned about the of power
C.
The Congress of that nation
D.
The people of the Constitution
48.
According to the text , what are vets mostly devoted to lately? To care for______________.
A.
A lot of poultry
B.
A few zoo animals
C.
Some horses
D.
The majority of pets
49. How long does a person need study in college to be a veterinarian? They need to study
________________years
A.
About four
B.
At least six
C.
Around ten
D.
A minimum of 5
50. How many veterinarians do pharmaceutical industries hire per year?
A.
Almost 1000
B.
Twenty-seven
C.
Nearly 75 percent
D.
More than 2200More than 2200
51. Where do most of the veterinarians in the United States Work? In _______________.
A.
City zoos
B.
Dairy farms
C.
Private business
D.
Rural colleges
52.
According to the text, why do retirees come to Costa Rica Firstly? They come to Costa Rica
due to ______________________ firstly.
A.
Its standard job opportunities
B.
The average cost of livingThe average cost of living
C.
Costa Ricans luxurious lifestyle
D.
Its natural beauty
53. How do retires consider the utilities in Costa Rica? They considered them
________________in the United States.
A.
About the same as
B.
As expensive as
C.
More expensive than
D.
Less expensive than
54. How do Costa Ricans feel about retires from other countries? Costa Ricans
________________ those retirees.
A.
Accept
B.
Reject
C.
Dislike
D.
Disregard
55. Based on the article, why foreign retirees come to live in Costa Rica mainly? Because of
Costa Ricas________________________.
A.
Affordable and excellent goods and services
B.
Possibilities of spending a lot of money
C.
High cost of living
D.
Broad use of air conditioning
56.
Based on text, how is doing research on Internet different from using a library? The task of
Internet researching ______________________than using a library.
A.
Uses more dusty cards
B.
Is more time-consuming
C.
Is more tedious
D.
Is easier
57. How will a newsgroup keep people in relation to their field of interest? It will keep them
____________their field of interest
A.
Spending short time on
B.
Updated on
C.
Bored with
D.
Tied-up with
58. According to the text, what should people do to research on Internet? They should
__________________________________.
A.
Use different techniques
B.
Ask for library card catalogs
C.
Spend all of their time and money
D.
Go through dusty bookshelves
59. What is the best advantage to research on Internet?
A.
Current information can be reached quickly
B.
Someone else does it for you
C.
There are rules that protect you
D.
It gives you supervision
60. What is the main characteristic of the Internet service? The information is ____________.
A.
Relevant
B.
Limited
C.
Given by reporters
D.
Abundant
61.
According to the text, Costa Ricans are very ______________to tourist.
A.
Rule
B.
Kind
C.
Vulgar
D.
Unfriendly
62. According to the article, one of the highest concerns Ticos have is _______________.
A.
To return home
B.
Their unconscious self- criticism
C.
Their traditional fortune
D.
To impress others with their warmth
63. Costa Ricans ____________________________very much.
A.
Believe in punctuality
B.
Like to appear rude and vulgar
C.
Avoid visitors hospitality
D.
Value their democratic system
64. The article says that the numbers of thieves is _______________in Costa Rica.
A.
Disappearing
B.
Increasing
C.
Decreasing
D.
Diminishing
65.
What does bad language in movies provoke in kids? It provokes that________________.
A.
The kids acquire courage
B.
TV instructs children about sex
C.
The kids solve their problems in peaceful ways
D.
Children learn to use it as common speech
66. In which way do violent scenes affect children? Children _________________.
A.
Tend to encourage parents about violence
B.
Learn that sensibility leads to violence
C.
Learn to solve problems using violence
D.
Acquire excellent ways of handing real life
67. When do sex scenes harm childrens attitudes about sexuality?
A.
Whenever parents teach their kids sexual matters in a good way
B.
When kids avoid movie impressions
C.
All the time children see sex scene under parents guide
D.
When children receive no sexual education at home
68. When TV or movie films damage a childs mind? TV and movie fields damage childs mind
when_________________________.
A.
Parents dont provide control and guidance
B.
Kids advise their parents about movies
C.
Sex, violence, and bad language are restricted
D.
The kids are not vulnerable
69. According to the reading, besides parents, who else is concerned about childrens
behavior?
A.
Just mothers
B.
Any medical specialist
C.
All doctors
D.
Psychologists
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1. Read the text. Choose the option the best completes each sentence according to the
reading.
Nery Brenes had __________________________ in 2004.
A.
his opportunity to the semifinals
B.
a participation in the Olympic Games
C.
his first abroad experience
D.
his second international debut
2. Brenes got a gold medal in a ________________________ competition.
A.
Central American.
B.
Spanish.
C.
Caribbean.
D.
Mexican.
3. Nery Brenes competed in a World Indoor Championship for the first time in
______________.
A.
Cartagena.
B.
Valencia.
C.
El Salvador.
D.
Costa Rica.
4. Up to date, _____________________ has gone forward the first round in a World Indoor
Championship.
A.
only one sprinter.
B.
no Costa Rican athlete.
C.
any junior athlete.
D.
just one Costa Rican athlete
5. Nerys main wish is to ______________________________.
A.
attend three world championships
B.
get to an Olympic final
C.
improve national junior record
D.
participate in junior record
6. The writer says that Brenes considers _____________________ a motivation in his carrier.
A.
a sibling
B.
Walter Salazar
C.
Michael Johnson
D.
His psychotherapist
7. Read the text. Choose the best option to answer each question.
Based on the text. What does Ulpiano Duarte do? Hes _______________________.
A.
ACAMs president
B.
a marimba maker and player
C.
working for a marimba school now
D.
a music composer and professor
8. Why was Ulpiano honored? Because of his __________________________.
A.
teaching at the University of Costa Rica
B.
last great ceremony
C.
outstanding participation at the National Auditorium
D.
commitment to music
9. Who conferred Duartes distinction?
A.
The Association of music Composers
B.
Some citizens of Guanacaste
C.
Ricardo Reca Mora
D.
A professor of the University of Costa Rica
10. According to the writer, what is Duartes main contribution to the music in Costa Rica?
A.
The foundation of a marimba school
B.
His participation in a music association
C.
The creation of all Costa Rican music
D.
His performance in the National Auditorium
11. According to the text, what important task did Ulpiano carry out in Costa Rica? He was
_________________ in Costa Rica.
A.
the founder of the National Marimba
B.
the principal of a music school
C.
a public school teacher
D.
the best member of a marimba association
12. Read the text. Choose the correct option that completes each sentence.
The writer says that Thanksgiving is about __________________________.
A.
a party to remember families
B.
a big dinner event
C.
a recent cooking celebration
D.
eating out with the family
13. The writer says that side dishes in thanksgiving dinner are
__________________________.
A.
served at the beginning
B.
different types of desserts
C.
always the same
D.
of different kinds
14. Dips, cheese and crackers are _____________________.
A.
side dishes
B.
desserts
C.
main dishes
D.
snacks
15. Thanksgiving desserts are usually made with ________________________.
A.
turkeys
B.
fruits
C.
brown sugar
D.
mashed potatoes
16. Read the text. Choose the best option to complete each sentence
The treasures mentioned on the text refer mainly to ____________________.
A.
beaches and dead animals
B.
national parks and climate
C.
Costa Rican natural resources
D.
parks and tourists
17. The writer suggests that tourists should visit Costa Rica ___________________.
A.
just in summer
B.
during the dry season only
C.
when the weather changes from cold to hot
D.
at any time of the year
18. A recommendation for tourist visiting national parks in Costa Rica is to _______________.
A.
make trips easier by driving any car
B.
take animals with them
C.
enjoy nature by feeding the animals
D.
know a lot about the country
19. Read the text and choose the best answer for each question.
What does the writer think about the process of cooking turkey? Its _________________.
A.
very uncommon
B.
prolonged and tedious
C.
very hard and disgusting
D.
artful and time consuming
20. How long does it take to cook an unstuffed turkey?
A.
Just forty-five minutes
B.
More than two and a half hours
C.
No more than forty-five minutes
D.
A half hour
21. What could happen if people dont cover the bird with aluminum foil? It could
_______________.
A.
get dried
B.
become tender
C.
get over brown
D.
need extra cooking time
22. Read the text. Choose the best alternative to answer each question.
According to the article, how often do people use the expression Please, pass the salt,
when eating out?
A.
Rarely
B.
Frequently
C.
Occasionally
D.
Unusually
23. According to the text, who is the person that helps passing the salt and pepper at the table?
The person who is _____________________________.
A.
asking for them
B.
sitting near the requested ingredients
C.
far from the salt and pepper
D.
right after the one that needs them
24. Read the text. Choose the best alternative to answer each question.
There is a report event _____________________________.
A.
on March 19th
B.
during the March Peace Race
C.
on San Jos Day
D.
during Ujarrs Pilgrimage
25. The __________________________ is a religious celebration.
A.
National Oxcart Day
B.
March Peace Race
C.
Farmers Day
D.
Ujarrs Pilgrimage
26. The Ujarrs Pilgrimage is held _____________________________________.
A.
at the beginning of March
B.
in the middle of the third month of the year
C.
at the end of March
D.
at the beginning of the third month of the year
27. All the celebrations mentioned in the text take place _____________________.
A.
exactly on the same date
B.
during the first days of March
C.
in the same month
D.
during the last days of March
28. Farmers Day is celebrated _______________________.
A.
all around the country
B.
during the whole month
C.
in San Isidro
D.
just in the farms
29. A traditional means of transportation is exhibited during the _______________ in Costa

Rica.
A.
San Jos Day
B.
Farmers Day
C.
March Peace Race
D.
Oxcart Day
30. Read the text. Choose the correct alternative to complete each sentence.
Discarding technology garbage has been a (n) ____________________________.
A.
environmental problem
B.
good plan to save the land
C.
solution to protect the environment
D.
hard personal task
31. Technology garbage is dangerous because it __________________________.
A.
lasts forever
B.
contains contaminants
C.
can be destroyed easily
D.
can be usable
32. According to the university director recycled materials should be _________________.
A.
specialized
B.
displayed
C.
reused
D.
thrown away
33. Hammer Salazar says that the environmental fair had _________________________.
A.
unexpected results
B.
good results
C.
a negative response
D.
odd results
34. Mr. Salazar suggests that recycling technology trash may ________________________.
A.
damage the environment
B.
protect the environment
C.
be poisonous
D.
be dangerous
The writer mentions that both Las Baulas and Santa Rosa National Park are good places
for those who want to enjoy ___________________________________.
A.
scuba diving services
B.
the arrival of marine birds
C.
the arrival of turtles to their nesting site
D.
historical sites
36. According to the text, Arenal National Park offers its incomparable view of eruptions and its
_______________________________.
A.
plain landscape
B.
great variety of climates
C.
dormant volcano
D.
diverse fauna
37. The writer says that _______________________ has the best site to practice a water sport.
A.
Rincn de la Vieja
B.
Arenal
C.
Las Baulas
D.
Santa Rosa
38. According to the text, Rincn de la Vieja has _________________________________.
A.
a great variety of turtles
B.
lots of animals and plants
C.
many diving sites
D.
abundant sea animals
People with binge eating disorder __________________________.
A.
purge their intestines
B.
eat less than bulimics
C.
dont eat in excess
D.
don't control how much they eat
40. Binge eating disorder _____________________________________.
A.
is the healthiest way to gain weight
B.
is similar to bulimia nervosa
C.
makes people stop eating at all
D.
causes a quick loss of weight
41. Studies show that ___________________________ suffer from such an eating disorder.
A.
men are more inclined to
B.
more females than males
C.
women are less inclined to
D.
men are more inclined to
42. The article states that this illness develops from ______________________________.
A.
the two percent of bulimic general population
B.
the lack of eating self control
C.
a research done on obese females
D.
a research done on obese females
Based on the text, Costa Rica has been considered a pioneer in social and political
changes such as ______________________.
A.
political harmony and free elementary education
B.
education and death penalty restoration
C.
mandatory superior education and army
D.
national army and political conflicts
44. The text is about ___________________________________________________.
A.
features of Costa Rican democracy
B.
political and educational changes in the world
C.
minor political rules in Costa Rica
D.
types of education in the world
45. Based on the article, it should be noticed that ____________________________.
A.
Peace is a matter of supporting civil world wars
B.
Education has promoted peace in Costa Rica
C.
Costa Ricans way of living is equal to others
D.
Peace is a matter of supporting civil world wars
46. According to the writer, Costa Rica has played an important role on the
___________________________.
A.
size of the international army
B.
international peaceful achievements
C.
world civil wars
D.
establishment of the death penalty around the world
The writer says that applicants to the position should _____________________.
A.
have great communicative skills
B.
like training
C.
be a computer technician
D.
be in good shape
48. A person who likes to _____________________ fits the post requested.
A.
travel for work
B.
make phone calls
C.
work with people
D.
work alone
49. In fact, the applicant for the job is required to work on ______________________.
A.
manufacture
B.
engineering
C.
promotion
D.
research
50. Candidates need to consider that ______________________ is also a must to apply for the
job.
A.
schedule flexibility
B.
artistic skills
C.
appearance
D.
more than two languages
In local newspaper, you find _____________________________________.
A.
the requirements to have a multinational company
B.
plenty of ads for bilingual positions
C.
more than 6 000 remarkable applicants
D.
that speaking two languages is getting worthless
52. According to the text, multinational companies ________________________ to select the

best candidates for the job they offer.
A.
acquire all newspaper
B.
have a job fair
C.
send you application
D.
give you their resume
53. The most important requisite you need to attend a job fair is to __________________.
A.
fail in the interview
B.
be bilingual
C.
forget your resume
D.
have your own business
54. At the fair, companies ask applicants to ___________________________.
A.
interview 6 000 people
B.
give them an appointment
C.
leave their resume
D.
host a bilingual fair
Why are satellites being used now? They are being used to ________________________.
A.
change the direction of natural disasters
B.
cause natural catastrophes
C.
collect information about environmental problems
D.
provoke weather events
56. How will Costa Rica be able to share data in Central America? Through
_____________________.
A.
joining the GEOSS
B.
gathering specialized agencies
C.
collecting particle clouds
D.
launching a new type of satellites
57. How will information from satellites help other countries? By ________________________
dangerous natural events.
A.
minimizing the quantity of
B.
preparing them to face
C.
expecting
D.
preventing
58. As a member of GEOSS, what will Costa Rica be able to do? Costa Rica will be able to
______________________.
A.
avoid any earthquakes
B.
have only information of itself
C.
operate satellites
D.
get worldwide weather information
59. According to the text, how are disasters provoked on Earth? They are provoked by
______________________.
A.
particle clouds information
B.
volcanoes and clouds structures
C.
satellites' information
D.
human and natural damages
According to the text, what was the most important value between Tony and his wife at the
first time?
A.
Solidarity
B.
Kindness
C.
Love
D.
Sincerity
61. Why does the author mention that Costa Rica is so attractive to Tony? Because Tony says
that he ________________________.
A.
dislikes his hometown
B.
misses New York
C.
understands his sweethearts family
D.
enjoys Costa Rican people and nature
62. What does Tony believe about his best friends values? He considers that his best friends
main values are _______________________________.
A.
solitary and courtesy
B.
kindness and friendship
C.
love and consideration
D.
humility and kindness
63. According to the text, how is the relationship between Tony and his friends? They always
__________________________.
A.
mistreat each other
B.
try to avoid a close relationship
C.
kindness and friendship
D.
get along very well
The very first attempt at television consisted just of _________________________.
A.
regular transmissions of EMI
B.
regular transmissions of EMI
C.
inventing the electronic system
D.
electromechanical signals of pictures
65. The first TV transmissions were broadcasted by __________________________.
A.
RCA
B.
John Logie Baird
C.
EMI
D.
Vladimir Zworykin
66. The first home TVs consumes a lot of power due to the __________________________.
A.
price of the luxurious screens
B.
duration of the transmissions
C.
D.
67. Later on, __________________________ substituted the TV tubes.
A.
great amounts of power
B.
calculators
C.
larger screens
D.
transistor
68. Nowadays, the electronic components of the TVs are ___________________________.
A.
very compact
B.
wider than before
C.
just pockets
D.
large equipments
179:15
www.ingeniosocr.com
1. Read the text. Choose the appropriate alternative to complete the statement according to
the reading.
Costa Rica: A home for world-class golf
Imagine awakening to a perfect sunrise from an ocean view villa, followed by 18 holes of
championship golf in the tiny tropical paradise of Costa Rica. A new world leader in
ecotourism, Costa Rica is also earning a reputation as a home for world- class golf.
Proudly, Costa Rica offers some of the world`s least crowded golf courses. Costa Rican
courses vary from rolling fairways, lined with tropical hardwoods, to open links situated
between mountains and flowering valleys with challenging greens overlooking sandy
beaches and the ocean.
Golfing in Costa Rica is a unique experience due to its luxurious golf resorts surrounding by
majestic mountain peaks and volcanoes. Players will find near perfect weather, as well as
passionate, friendly, and nice people, too.
The very best time to visit Costa Rica is during the dry season, always between the end of
November and the middle of May.
Golf players can enjoy the golf courses in Costa Rica.
A.
Most crowded
B.
Most natural
C.
Smallest
D.
The least amazing
2. In Costa Rica, international golfers can find .
A.
Mountains to practice professional races
B.
Spectacular resorts to play golf
C.
Unattractive golf courses
D.
Low class golf courses, exclusively
3. If tourists like golf, they are advised to choose their vacation . in Costa
Rica.
A.
At the end of May
B.
right after May
C.
right after November
D.
Before November starts
4. Read the ads and choose the appropriate option to complete each idea.
Most raft trips are fine for beginners, but dont try these without an experienced guide. And
dont bring anything that cant get wet. Reventazn River. Cost 18500
For practicing rafting in Reventazn River, you have to .
A.
Bring your own guide
B.
Avoid any experienced guide
C.
Pay a fee
D.
Take something that gets wet
5. Bungee jumping
One, two, three, bungee! the crowd down below shouts: jump! Falling from a height of 70
meters, your body will reach 112 kilometers per hour. You swallow hard and throw yourself
forward. The ground zooms towards you, and you experience the strangest sensation of
fear and exhilaration. Suddenly, the cords become tense and you get tense and bounce like
a yo-yo.
You .. in bungee jumping.
A.
Bounce up and down
B.
Need to get wet
C.
Shout at beginners
D.
Swallow up and down
6. Read the text below.

..
Like parents with newborns, emerging artists are introducing their works to art lovers in
visitas guiadas (guided visits) which is the name of the activity at the Costa Rican art and
Design Museum.
Since January 29, the museum has offered the public the opportunity to learn about the
works of the winning artists of the Emerging Artist Contest help last year. The idea of the
exhibit is to provide a springboard for the work of the region`s new artists.
The show displays 66 works by 52 emerging Central American artists. At no cost, these
artist take visitors through the museum in groups of no more than 15 people, and explain
the creative thoughts of their own works. The tour takes about one hour and 40 minutes.
Taken from The Tico Times
Based on the text above, choose the option that answers each question appropriately.
(Items from 6 to 10)
Which of the following titles is the most coherent one for the article?
A.
Guided Art Tours
B.
Parents and Newborns
C.
Museum of Design
D.
Expensive visits
7. Who guides the tours inside the museum? The .
A.
Parents
B.
Visitors
C.
Public
D.
Artist
8. What is the objective of this exposition? To .
A.
Inspire old artists to make other works
B.
Explain works made by some newborns
C.
Win the first Emerging Artist Contest
D.
Promote the regions new art talents
9. How do artists interact with the visitors? By
A.
Giving them tours and explanations
B.
Carrying out contests with them
C.
Describing themselves
D.
Making them work for the new artists
10. How many people take the guided art tour at the same time?
A.
No more than fifty
B.
Fifteen or less
C.
A group of fifty
D.
Sixty- six

Indian Cuisine
The cuisine of India is characterized by the use of various spices, herbs and other
vegetables grown in India. It is also famous for the widespread practice of vegetarianism
across some sectors. Each family of Indian cuisine is characterized by a wide variety of
dishes and cooking techniques. Therefore, it varies from region to region, reflecting the
varied demographics of the ethnically diverse Indian subcontinent.
India`s religious beliefs and culture have played an influential role in the evolution of its
cuisine. However, India`s cuisine also evolved with the subcontinent`s cross-cultural
interactions with the neighboring Middle East and Central Asia as well as the
Mediterranean, making it a unique blend of various cuisines from across Asia.
The colonial period introduced European cooking styles to India, adding flexibility and
diversity to Indian cuisine. Indian cuisine has had a remarkable influence on cuisines a
cross the world, especially those from Southeast Asia. In particular, curry, which originated
in India, is used to flavor food across Asia.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_cuisine
Based on the text above, choose the option that completes each sentence appropriately.
People from India use mostly . products to prepare their

food.
A.
Mediterranean
B.
Imported
C.
Their own
D.
Just exported
12. Vegetarianism in India is
A.
Uncommon
B.
Not practiced
C.
Not allowed
D.
Very common
13. Indian cuisine varies depending on the ..
A.
Vegetables
B.
Region
C.
Spices
D.
Recipes
14. Indian cuisine has been influenced by ..
A.
Central American vegetarianism
B.
Middle West cooking
C.
Different Asian regional cooking
D.
External cooking products
15. Diversity and flexibility in Indian cuisine was due to the .
A.
Techniques they use
B.
Influence of other cultures
C.
Products they grow
D.
Recipes they prepare
16. Cilantro-Avocado cream For appetizers

Ingredients:
1 FIRM RIPE AVOCADO
2 TABLESPOONS OF SOUR CREAM
24 FRESH CILANTRO LEAVES
2 TEASPOON OF LIME JUICE
2 TEASPOON OF MILK
SALT TO TASTE
PROCEDURES FOR CREAM:
First, in a small bowl, mix 1/3 cup of finely diced ripe avocado, thinly chopped fresh cilantro
leaves; then adds the lime juice and the milk. Finally, add salt to taste.
It makes about cup.
Note: people can make the cream up to 2 hours ahead, cover and chill. Then, they can top
with 1 teaspoon of the cilantro-avocado cream any of their favorite appetizers.
Adapted from the internet
Based on the recipe above, choose the alternative that completes the statement
appropriately. (Items from 16 to 19)
People need to use .. to prepare the cilantro avocado

cream.
A.
LESS MILK THAN SOUR CREAM
B.
LESS LIME JUICE THAN MILK
C.
THE SAME QUANTILY OF LIME JUICE AND SOUR CREAM
D.
MORE LIME JUICE THAN AVOCADO
17. The first step in this recipe is to ..
A.
Combine the avocado and the cilantro
B.
Put in the lime
C.
Mix salt with the rest of the ingredients
D.
Add salt
18. To make the cream people need
A.
Just one dairy product
B.
Any kind of leaves
C.
Any kind of juice
D.
A diced ripe avocado
19. None of the ingredients in the recipe has to be ..
A.
Cooked
B.
Mixed
C.
Chopped
D.
Diced

Universal table manners
When eating a dessert, the fork should be help in the left hand and the spoon in the right.
It is not acceptable to use the fingers at the table to eat or push food onto the fork.
However, people may eat some foods such as fruit, sandwiches, hamburgers, crisps,
chips or pizzas with their fingers.
Drinks should always be to the right of the plate with the bread roll to the left.
When eating bread rolls, people need to break off pieces before buttering them.
People should never blow their nose on their napkin. They have to place it on their lap and
use it to dab their mouth if they make a mess.
It is considered rude to answer the telephone at the table. If people need to take an urgent
call, they should excuse themselves and go outside.
The food should be brought to peoples mouth on the fork; they should sit straight and not
lean towards their plate.
People should not take food from neighbors plates and should not ask to do so. If extra
food is on the table, people should ask others first if they would like it before taking it
themselves, and try to eat all the food they are served.
People should remember, never pick food out of their teeth with their fingernails.
Based on the text above, choose the alternative that completes each statement
appropriately.
Regarding table manners, it is allowed to use the fingers when eating
A.
Fruit and chips
B.
A dessert
C.
Only junk food
D.
Any food
21. According to table setting, the glass in use should be
A.
In the middle of the table
B.
Between the fork and knife
C.
To the right of the plate
D.
To the left of the plate
22. People should never . At the table.
A.
Eat all the food
B.
Answer the phone
C.
Take extra food
D.
Break off bread rolls
23. It is considered appropriate to
A.
Apologize when leaving the table
B.
Take food from others plates
C.
Bend over a soup plate
D.
Use a napkin to blow your nose
24. Holiday Season

The local municipality of San Jos organizes different activities for the Holiday Season. One
of these activities is the Tope that has been celebrated since colonial times. Riders from
across the country come to the city to show off their best animals and costumes.
At the time of the Tope there are some other activities, like the carnival and the Festival
de la Luz. The carnival joins dancing and musical groups from all over the country. The
Festival de la Luz is a festival where people see * floats with colorful lights and decorative
designs on the two main streets of San Jos.
Another popular spot for the Holiday Season is Zapote where some people build an
improvised amusement park and many stands called chinamos where people sell all kinds
of foods.
But, definitely, the most anticipated activity is the Zapote bullfights or Toros a la tica
synonymous with the seasons festivities in Costa Rican bullfights are very different from
those of other countries because the bulls are never killed. Actually, it is possible that the
bulls will hurt a few people, so the Red Cross plays an important role during those days.
The Holiday Season ends on January sixth, the same date as the celebration of the arrival
of the Three Wise Men.
*Float: a truck or other vehicle that is decorated and used in a procession or a parade.
Based on the text above, choose the alternative that completes each statement
appropriately.
One activity organized for the Holiday Season is the .. in Zapote.
A.
The Red Cross celebration
B.
Bull sales
C.
Arrival of the Three Wise Men
D.
Sale of different kinds of foods
25. During the Tope, horse riders like to .
A.
Train their horse
B.
Ride fast
C.
Race inside the amusement park
D.
Attract attention to their horses
26. The Holiday Season in Costa Rica finishes .
A.
At the end of each year
B.
On the sixth day of the year
C.
When some men are hurt
D.
With a prayer for the wise men
27. In Toros a la Tica, .. are hurt physically.
A.
Only some participants
B.
Many bulls
C.
Just Costa Ricans
D.
Old men
28. The activity at night that people enjoy the most is the .
because of the colorful and musical floats.
A.
Zapote Bullfights
B.
Festival de la luz
C.
Tope
D.
Carnival

Costa Rica tour guides and ecotourism
Costa Rica is the birthplace of ecotourism with extensive experience explaining this
bewildering variety of wildlife to tens of thousands of visitors every year. The first place to
start is with welltrained natural history guides. There are about 400 such guides, all of
whom are experts at identifying birds, frogs, bats, monkeys and other wildlife, and at
explaining the relationships between plant and animal species.
Some guides specialize in particular animal groups, such as reptiles, birds, turtles, or
marine life. Because there are literally dozens of conservation and research organizations
based in Costa Rica, guides are constantly acquiring the latest information about native
flora and fauna.
Visitors will find knowledgeable guides and well-maintained trails in virtually every park and
wildlife refuge in the country.
Adapted from internet
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate option to complete each statement.
(Item from 29 to 33)
Some tour guides are ..
A.
Hard to get
B.
Badly organized
C.
Well-prepared
D.
All refugees
30. There are around four hundred .. in Costa Rica.
A.
Specialized guides
B.
Research organizations
C.
Identified frogs and birds
D.
Relationships between species
31. Tourist can find experts on .. in Costa Rica.
A.
Wildlife visitors
B.
Wildlife and natural history
C.
Visitors
D.
Refugees
32. Costa Ricas ecotourism is amazing because .
A.
The information is about fauna
B.
Destinations are maintained in virtual trails
C.
Of the enormous variety of wildlife
D.
Guides specialize in the oldest information
33. Some tour guides have a lot of knowledge of in Costa Rica.
A.
Animal groups
B.
Social specialists
C.
General investigations
D.
Many researchers
34. Attractions in Alajuela

Alajuela is a nice place not only because of the flavor of its famous mangoes, but especially
for its diversity of attractions, urban and rural, that form an extensive range of possibilities
that open to satisfy the travelers appetite for knowledge and adventures.
If someone is visiting the city of Alajuela or one of its natural areas, this person should not
forget to visit the following places:
Main plaza and the cathedral: visitors can feel the beat of the city of Alajuela, and enter
temple of faith and pray. They can take their time while sitting on a stone bench in the Main
Plaza of Alajuela. Visitors will also discover the quiet restlessness of the city and its
people`s smiling faces.
Cultural Historic Museum Juan Santamara: in the rooms of this museum, the memory of
the brave people of Costa Rica is honored, and it helps to know the national history. In the
famous battle of Santa Rosa (1856); the Costa Ricans defeated the soldiers commanded
by North American William Walker.
Park of the conservation of the wildlife Bird Zoo: This is one of the most modern zoos in
Latin America. Its facilities give shelter to 103 bird species, 21 mammals, 13 of reptiles and
4 species of exotic fish (many of them in complete liberty). The park also has an exuberant
botanical garden.
La Paz waterfall Gardens: These gardens are in a big private park located inside a rain
forest. There are 3 and a half kilometers of trails. Surrounded by bushes, trees and native
flowers, following the course of La Paz River.
Tourists may enjoy Alajuela because it has . Places to visit.
A.
Urban- marginal
B.
Diverse
C.
Unknown
D.
Unsafe
35. Tourists can perceive that people in Alajuela are mostly .
A.
In a hurry
B.
In trouble
C.
Sad
D.
Pleasant
36. The Alajuela . is an important part of the Costa Rican

history.
A.
Park
B.
La Paz Waterfall Gardens
C.
The Wildlife Bird Zoo
D.
Museum
37. The Wildlife Bird Zoo host ..
A.
Birds of just one species
B.
Extinct reptiles
C.
Different kinds of animals
D.
Foreign mammals
38. The Waterfall Gardens is a place to
A.
Learn about Costa Rica`s history
B.
Visit different zoos
C.
Feel the beat of the city
D.
Enjoy nature
39. Alajuela offers a(n) . Number of places to visit.
A.
Average
B.
Great
C.
Expensive
D.
Small

The 2009 Pandemic Flu
The pandemic flu, which is known as the H1N1 FLU, is a global outbreak of a new strain
of influenza that is transmitted among humans around the world.
Experts now assume that the virus most likely emerged from pigs in Asia, and that
infected people brought it to the majority of the American countries.
Virtually all transmission is from human to human. People should know that cooked pork
products are safe for humans, and that the virus cannot be transmitted from such food.
The virus typically spreads when people cough and sneeze or by touching contaminated
surfaces and then touching their nose or mouth. Symptoms are similar to those of the
seasonal flu, and may include fever, sneezes, coughs, headaches, muscles or join pain,
sore throat, chills, fatigue and runny nose.
Specialists have mentioned that most hospitalizations have been of people with underlying
conditions such as asthma, diabetes, obesity, heart diseases, or weakened immune
sytems.
In an attempt to slow the spread of the illness, a number of countries, especially in Asia,
have reinforced strict quarantines on travelers showing any symptoms, along with travelers
seated near any infected person.
The H1N1 FLU is called a pandemic because people got contagious
..
A.
In the Americas
B.
In many countries around the world
C.
In Europe
D.
All over Costa Rica
41. The virus was first transmitted from ..
A.
Humans to animals
B.
Animals to humans
C.
Humans to humans
D.
The porks to other animals
42. The H1N1 FLU symptoms are .. the regular flu

symptoms.
A.
As risky as
B.
Different from
C.
Very comparable to
D.
Weaker than
43. The people who have been infected the most are the ones who
A.
Don`t have any health problem
B.
Have bad health conditions
C.
Keep in shape
D.
Have a good immune system
44. In order to prevent the spread of the illness, some countries have
..
A.
Reinforced travelers` symptoms
B.
Prohibited flights
C.
Isolated uninfected people
D.
Taken stricter sanitary rules
45. Democratic Elections in Costa Rica

An era peaceful democracy in Costa Rica began in 1889 with the first truly free and honest
elections in the country`s history. This tendency continues till today with two lapses: in
1917-1919, when Jos figures led an armed uprising (act of armed opposition) in the wake
of a disputed presidential election.
After the 44-day civil war resulting from the uprising, the victorious junta drafted a
constitution guaranteeing free elections with universal suffrage and the abolition of the
military.
An independent Supreme Electoral Tribunal supervises the electoral process. This is a
commission of three principal magistrates and six alternates selected by the Supreme Court
of Justice. The democratic nature of voting is reinforced by separate elections for
presidential, legislative and municipal offices; It means that one can vote for the presidential
candidate of one party and for the municipal or legislative candidates of other parties.
The election in . Marked the start of the kind of elections we have

today.
A.
1917
B.
1948
C.
1919
D.
1889
46. The Supreme Electoral Tribunal . In Costa Rica.
A.
Assures a process of clean elections
B.
Elects the president for one party
C.
Elects the candidates for president
D.
Guarantees an armed uprising every four years
47. Before the elections take place, the . Appoints a group

of magistrates.
A.
Supreme Electoral Tribunal
B.
Supreme Court of Justice
C.
President of the Republic
D.
Legislative assembly
48. Based on the conversation below, choose the appropriate alternative that answers each
question. (Items from 49 to 51)
Situation: It`s November 20th, 2010. Miss Durn is applying for a new job.
Mr. Taylor: now tell me Miss Durn, what experience do you have in the fashion industry?
Margaret: well, I went to the School of design, and at present Im the manager of Lords
Clothing Store.
Mr. Tailor: have you ever worked as a fashion designer?
Margaret: no, I havent.
Mr. Taylor: and how long have you been at your current job?
Margaret: I have been working there since December 12th, 2009.
Mr. Taylor: why do you want to quit?
Margaret: because Im not learning anything new.
Mr. Taylor: when can you begin?
Margaret: Immediately.
Mr. Taylor: Very well, Miss Durn. You can start a part time job right now , and after 3
months you should get a full-time job.
Margaret: thank you very much.
What kind of interview did Margaret have?

A interview
A.
School
B.
Learning
C.
Job
D.
News
49. How long has she been at her current job?

For .
A.
Ten years
B.
More than three years
C.
Less than a year
D.
About two years
50. Why does she want a new job?

Because .
A.
She hates working
B.
Her salary is low
C.
She needs more money
D.
She wants to learn more
51. Based on the article below, choose the appropriate alternative that completes each idea.
Costa Rica vacation sales
Country: Costa Rica
City: San Jose
Length of position: Full-time

Dates: Immediately
Functions: know the ins and outs of every high-end vacation product in Costa Rica. Create
custom itineraries for clients that contact us directly. Thus, listen to them and assess their
needs, finally, design a perfect itinerary for them.
Highlights: opportunities for paid travel and opportunities to earn excellent commissions.
Qualifications: to qualify, interested people must
Be in love with Costa Rica and travel in general.
Have strong spoken and written English skills.
Be willing to chat with people on the phone or via email.
Be competitive, pleasantly persistent, an honest, fair person who cares about customers.
Minimum Education: High school
Salary/Pay: a small base plus commission and bonuses
Other benefits and sharing profit available after proven performance
To speak English is .
A.
Irrelevant
B.
Not really important
C.
A must
D.
Optional
52. This job demands applicants to be .. people.
A.
Shy
B.
Careless
C.
Outgoing
D.
Calm
53. New finding from Hubble telescope
Recently, North American scientists revealed that planet Uranus has an outer ring. This
ring, unknown before. Has an intense blue color besides the inner red ring found a year
ago.
The finding of the two rings was accomplished by an observation made through Hubble, a
space telescope in Hawaii.
According to astronomers from the University of California and the Space Sciences
Institute, Uranus`s blue ring also has a moon called Mab which is covered by a thick layer
of ice. The color and the moon make this ring of Saturn and its moon, Enceladus.
The majority of the planets of the solar system have a reddish color ring; that explains why
it was so hard for astronomers to discover the outer ring of Uranus.
The exterior and interior rings of Uranus .
A.
Have similar names
B.
Were discovered in two different moments
C.
Were discovered by a Hawaiian university
D.
Are practically the same color
54. Both, Saturn and Uranus have .
A.
Two interior blue rings
B.
An exterior ring with a moon
C.
Rings with thick ice layers
D.
Exterior red rings
55. It was difficult to discover the exterior ring of Uranus because of

..
A.
The size of this planet
B.
The color of Enceladus
C.
The ice layer that covers a
D.
Its special red color
56. China to invest in new technology park

The global economy may be slowly stopping, but investment from China continues to pour
into Costa Rica.
Days after Ex-President Arias laid the first stone of the new, $83 million Chinese-financed
National Stadium last week, the far eastern power announced currently that they would
finance a new science and technology park in Costa Rica.
According to the Minister Jorge Woodridge, the aim of the project is to develop Costa
Rica`s potential in several fields of technology, industry and science. Some reporters have
estimated that the project will cost $65 million, but the minister said: we still don`t have the
exact cost because the project will be divided into five phases. The first phase will be cost
$20 million, and it includes biotechnology, nanotechnology, information technology and
mechatronics.
The project will also be a collaborative effort with the country`s five public universities: the
Costa Rica institute of Technology, National University, University of Costa Rica , UNED
and the current Technical University.
Two locations, one in Curridabat and the other in Heredia, are under consideration as
potential sites for the park. Mr. Woodbrige said a timeframe for development would be given
once a location is selected.
Adapted from Tico Times
To build the new Technology Park will need funds .
A.
From the Chinese government
B.
As part of the University of Costa Ricas economy
C.
Deduced from the budget of the National Stadium
D.
Of about 20 million dollars
57. The main goal of the project has to do with .
A.
Finding an appropriate location
B.
Developing technological possibilities
C.
Developing potential sites
D.
Collaborating with public universities
58. Among others, the project will be focusing on ..
A.
Road construction
B.
Universities studies
C.
Biological research
D.
Science technology
59. Solidarity, a Costa Rican value

The tragic earthquake affecting Pos de Alajuela and other areas on January 8th, 2009
touched the solidarity vein of the majority of Costa Ricans.
According to the last UNIMER poll for La Nacin newspaper, 72% of the people interviewed
sent money or groceries to the people suffering from the earthquake. Some of them even
went to ground zero as volunteers.
UNIMER interviewed 1225 Costa Rican over the age of the 18 across the country from
January 20 to January 27. The poll also stated that the percentage of women who
contributed (74%) was superior to the men`s (70.5%).
In the age category, people over 40 years helped the most as well as Costa Ricans living in
the urban areas of the country.
Besides, UNIMER asked the interviewees for their opinion concerning the performance of
the Government, the Red Cross, and the National Commission of Emergencies (CNE). The
Red Cross got the best reviews with 98% of those interviewed satisfied or very satisfied
with their work of the CNE, while the Government rated 83%.
Taken from La Nacin 2/19/09
Based on the article above, choose the appropriate alternative that completes each idea.
We can infer from the reading that most Costa Ricans .

About people who face disasters.
A.
Are negligent
B.
Do not worry
C.
Feel worried
D.
Are senseless
60. Many women . than men
A.
Donated a smaller quantity of money
B.
Helped more and in different ways
C.
Sent less food and clothing
D.
Volunteered at ground zero during the emergency
61. Older Costa Ricans were .
A.
Less involved
B.
More concerned
C.
More careless
D.
Less compassionate
62. UNIMER poll divulged that men .
A.
Supported more than women
B.
Expressed less solidarity than women
C.
And women helped equally
D.
Worked more than women
63. How to read a newspaper

You need to know about the various parts of a newspaper. This will help you decide what
you read and what you skip. In most English- language papers, hard news includes
everything that has happened during a day in relation to politics, crime, local events, etc.
The top or most important news story of the day is usually found in the upper right-hand
corner of the front page.
Journalism students soon learn that ethical writing of hard news must be objectives; in
order words, it must cover both sides of the story and avoid the journalist`s opinion. In good
newspaper, opinion is separate from hard news in advice columns as Dear Abby.
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate option to complete each idea.
Most English language newspapers .
A.
Skip ethical writing
B.
Shows top stories on the center pages
C.
Just inform about crime and politics
D.
Present several kinds of news
64. The main news usually appears in the
A.
Same page of journalist`s opinion
B.
Upper right corner of the front page
C.
Column Dear Abby
D.
Advice columns
65. Hard news refers to
A.
Local events only
B.
What people dislike to read
C.
What happens in a same day
D.
A journalist`s opinion
66. The expression Hard news must be objective means that the journalists
..
A.
Must not include their personal opinion
B.
Don`t include both sides of a story
C.
Must include their personal point of view
D.
Place all news on the front page
67. The journalists` opinions .. the hard news.
A.
Come at the beginning of
B.
Are parts of
C.
Are set in a column apart from
D.
Are always included inside
179:34
www.ingeniosocr.com
SURFING IN COSTA RICA

For the dedicated surfers that search for the perfect break' it is an all consuming passion
that is rarely fulfilled; but for many surfers, the search has ended in Costa Rica where great
waves have convinced surfers throughout the world that this is as close to heaven as they
can ever expect to get.
Actually, the powerful rise of the Caribbean coast waves, as the ones on the Pacific side
can give surfers a wild ride. Besides, Costa Rica has world class surf in both coasts. The
best way to surf Costa Rica is by having your own car and "following the waves". Two
seasons define the Caribbean coast: from December until March, offshore storms kick up
waves, while from June through late August Costa Rica enjoys the benefits of great surfing
generated by hurricanes in the distant islands of the Caribbean. Besides the spots already
mentioned, surfers will find numerous other breaks just by exploring the Caribbean's 213
kilometers of coastline or the 1022 kilometers on the Pacific side.
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate alternative to complete each sentence.
(Items from 1 to 5)
1). In the article, the expression perfect break
means_____________________________________________________.
A.
ideal waves for surfing
B.
a resting time for tired surfers
C.
that waves are usually soft
D.
that surfboards get smashed there
2. Finding the ideal place to surf is usually ____________________for passionate

international
surfers.
A.
difficult
B.
expensive
C.
impossible
D.
easy
3. In Costa Rica, __________________good for surfing.
A.
both national coasts are
B.
those internal zones away from the coastline are
C.
the Caribbean coast is exclusively
D.
just the southern coasts are
4. To take advantage of most of the places to surf, tourists should_____________________.
A.
travel by bus
B.
get their own transportation
C.
rent a cab
D.
walk along the beaches
5. People have__________________kms to practice surf in Costa Ricas Caribbean coast.
A.
one thousand twenty-two
B.
about two hundred
C.
more than one thousand
D.
less than one hundred
6. Read the text below

SUNDAYS IN THE PARK: MAKING ART ACCESSIBLE
The Costa Rican Art Museum has combined Sunday afternoons in the park with some of
the countrys most talented musicians, poets, and dancers. Held on the last Sunday of each
month, Parque de la Expresion takes place in the flat space in front of the museum in La
Sabana, San Jose, where bands play, poets read their poetry, dancers move according to
their music, and visitors of all ages can enjoy a variety of national creativity.
Activities this Sunday will begin with an 11 a.m. concert by the Cartago National Band,
directed by maestro Ricardo Vargas. The band will kick things off with the National Anthem
and follow up with a varied play list. At 2 p.m., the traditional Latin dance group El Guarco,
with its 16 members, will put on a presentation directed by
Mario Romero. Activities end at 4 p.m. Admission is free.
Based on the previous text, choose the option that answers each question correctly, (items
from 6 to 10)
6) Where does the Costa Rican Art Museum develop this activity?
A.
In a park in Cartago
B.
In front of the Art Museum In
C.
Parque de la Expresion
D.
At El Guarco
7. When does this activity take place?
A.
At the beginning of each month
B.
Each Sunday morning
C.
Every other Sunday
D.
Once a month
8. What does Mario Romero do? He
A.
is a musician
B.
is the main organizer
C.
directs musicians
D.
directs dancers
9. When does the next exhibition conclude?
A.
At 11 a.m.
B.
Before 5 p.m.
C.
After 4 p.m.
D.
At 2 p.m.
10. What do you have to do to enjoy the activity?
A.
? Get the ticket that includes activities in the morning and

afternoon.
B.
Just go; its for free.
C.
You have to buy the ticket in La Sabana.
D.
Tickets are available after 4:00 p.m. every day.

EATING FOR ENERGY
Tips about eating to increase your physical performance:
Eat enough food. Your body needs a certain number of calories each day. If youre too
thin, you'll often feel tired and you'll be more likely to get sick.
Read the labels on food products. This information will tell you how nutritious the foods
are.
Avoid eating foods that are high in simple carbohydrates, that is, sugars. A chocolate bar
will first give you energy, but then it will leave you feeling even more tired.
Eat a balanced diet, one that includes complex carbohydrates, protein, and fat. Complex
carbohydrates provide the body with "fuel." They are found in fruits and vegetables, and in
bread, rice, pasta, and other foods made from grains. The body uses protein to build
muscles, and it uses fat to absorb the vitamins in food. Protein and fat are found in foods
like milk, cheese, meat, fish, and eggs. Too much fat, however, can be harmful.
Based on the text above, choose the correct option to complete each sentence. (Items from
11 to 15)
11) When you choose food to eat, it is important to________________________________.
A.
avoid reading anything about it
B.
read the information about it
C.
add more sugar to it
D.
combine it with a lot of fat
12. Our bodies need to______________________________daily.
A.
consume calories
B.
avoid all calories
C.
feel more tired
D.
be thinner
13. Consuming simple carbohydrates makes you feel___________________________at first.
A.
nutritious
B.
full of energy
C.
tireless
D.
very thin
14. Fruits and bread are a good source of_________________________________________.
A.
simple carbohydrates
B.
nerals
C.
proteins
D.
complex carbohydrates
15. Why is fat important on our diet? Because it
A.
provides complex carbohydrates
B.
leaves you feeling energetic
C.
helps to absorb vitamins
D.
is used to build muscles
16. PINEAPPLE UPSIDE-DOWN CAKE

Ingredients:
1/4 cup butter or margarine
1 cup packed brown sugar
1 can (20 ounces) sliced pineapple in juice, drained and juice reserved
1 jar (6 ounces) maraschino cherries, drained
1 package yellow cake mix
Vegetable oil and eggs
Heat oven to 350F. Melt butter in 13x9 pan in oven. Sprinkle brown sugar evenly over
butter. Arrange pineapple slices and cherries over top; press gently. Add enough water to
pineapple juice to measure 1 % cups. Make cake batter as directed on package -except
use pineapple juice mixture instead of the water. Pour batter over pineapple and cherries.
Bake 42 to 47 minutes or until toothpick inserted in center comes out clean. Immediately
turn pan upside down onto heatproof serving plate, leave pan over cake 1 minute. Serve
warm or cool. Store loosely covered.

Based on the text above, choose the correct option to complete each sentence. (Items from
16 to 19)
16. To make the upside-down cake you, need two types
of________________________________.
A.
oils
B.
butter
C.
sugar
D.
fruits
17. We need_________________________________to make the cake.
A.
six ounces of cherry juice
B.
any kind of cake blend
C.
less sugar than margarine
D.
more sugar than butter
18. You have to______________________________during the cake preparation.
A.
spray a little water over cherries
B.
preheat the vegetable oil
C.
cut the pineapple into slices
D.
add water to pineapple juice
19. To make the cake, you first___________________________
A.
make cake batter
B.
soften butter in oven
C.
peel the cherries
D.
heat brown sugar
20. YOU EAT WHAT?

Coming to Costa Rica as a tourist or an exchange student is a very exciting and
educational experience. There are many things to see, to do and to experience. One of the
most memorable experiences a person can have is in regard to the food. The Costa Rican
diet is very starchy and for many tourists this seems strange. Can you imagine eating rice,
beans and spaghetti all on the same plate? Once you get past the everyday carbohydrate
shock then comes the really good food like yucca flowers. In many businesses in the
United States the yucca flower is planted at the entrance and for only ornamental purposes.
This is because it is very easy to care for and has a very beautiful white flower that blooms.
But can you imagine asking the owner if you can cut down and eat his flowers?
Let us not forget the traditional pork tamales. This unusual item is wrapped in layers of
banana leaves. Unless it is unwrapped and served properly on a plate, a tourist is likely just
to take a bite out of one corner of it, leaves and all. It has been done.
Other strange foods are turtle eggs, iguana meat, blood sausage, stomach soup ... the list
goes on! It is very important to give tourists all the culinary instructions in order to eliminate
the element of surprise, and in some cases, laughter!
Based on the text above, choose the option that completes each sentence accordingly.
20)The typical Costa Rican diet is high in ____________________________.
A.
vegetables
B.
fruits
C.
sugar
D.
starches
21. One type of yard ornament commonly eaten in Costa Rica is
A.
iguana meat
B.
yucca flowers
C.
turtle eggs
D.
blood sausage
22. A typical food served wrapped in many layers of banana leaves

is_____________________________
A.
stomach soup
B.
pork tamale
C.
blood sausage
D.
yucca flower
23. The culinary experience for a tourist in Costa Rica can be_________________________
A.
typical
B.
boring
C.
educational
D.
expensive

March 17 is Saint Patricks Day. This is an American-lrish holiday. Saint Patrick is the patron
saint of Ireland. Many Irish people brought this special holiday with them to the United
States. There is a big parade in Manhattan. The parade is on Fifth Avenue. There are many
bands playing Irish music. There are beautiful floats in the parade. Many policemen and
politicians walk in the parade too. Green coloring appears in cakes, cookies and even beer.
Traditional foods eaten on Saint Patricks Day are corned beef and cabbage, and Irish stew.
Symbols of Saint Patricks Day are the shamrock, a shillelagh, and leprechauns or magic
people. The Irish people tell stories about the little people who live in the woods. These
little people are no bigger than your little finger. Leprechauns are very smart. They find
gold and keep it in a large pot. But watch out for the Leprechauns tricks.
In the year 431, a young bishop of the Catholic Church went to Ireland. He brought
Christianity to Ireland. It wasnt easy. Patrick went to every town. People did not believe
him. They threw stones at him. They put him in prison. But he was brave. He didnt give up.
When he got out of jail, he continued to teach about Christianity. Patrick told people about
the Trinity.
Based on the text above, choose the option that completes each idea correctly, (items from
24 to 28)
24) Saint Patricks Day is a (n)_____________________________celebration.
A.
political
B.
Christian and magic
C.
unpopular
D.
American and Irish
25. For St. Patricks Day, green is used________________________
A.
in stories
B.
in some pastry and drinks
C.
in cakes only
D.
just in peoples stew
26. People celebrate this day with_________________________________on the street.
A.
a large pot
B.
bands
C.
a holiday
D.
the woods
27. For this celebration,________________________________participate in the parade
A.
only the police
B.
just bishops
C.
politicians and police
D.
only politicians
28. Two popular foods for St. Patricks Day are_________________________
A.
corned shillelagh and beef
B.
Irish leprechauns and cabbage
C.
cabbage and beef
D.
shamrock and cookies
29. Read the article below

The Lowest Impact
Costa Rica has a Tourist Sustainability Certification Program (GST) which main objective is
to identify the hotels whose operational model is or is becoming sustainable in terms of
causing on the countrys natural, cultural and social resources. The GST Certificate reflects
the percentage compliance with the established sustainability parameters, determined by
levels, ranging from 1 to 5. A company that reaches Level 5 is the one that complies with at
least 95% of the established conditions.
Another program of the Costa Rican Tourism Institute is the Ecological Blue Flag Program
(BAE). This program was created as a response to the imminent danger of pollution at the
beaches, and its impact on the public health and the tourism industry. This program
combines the efforts of Costa Rican Tourism Institute, Costa Rican Institute of Water and
Sewage (A y A), the Ministry of the Environment and Energy and the National Chamber of
Tourism; it also enables citizen participation.
From 1996 to 2001 the BAE program was focused to the countrys coastal communities,
later the non- coastal communities were awarded the ecological flags.
Now private and public schools participate of the program adopting sustainable and
environmental friendly practices.
Adapted from Guia Telefonica 2005
Based on the article above, choose the alternative that answers each question correctly.
29) Whats the main purpose of the GST? To____________________________.
A.
? choose the companies that are a model in terms of modern

conditions
B.
identify the hotels that have the least environmental impact
C.
choose the hotels that operate according to social requirements
D.
identify the hotels that are the best in the country
30. Why is the Ecological Blue Flag Program created? To ____________________________
A.
improve the industries
B.
develop more industries
C.
decrease pollution on the beaches
D.
increase pollution on the beaches
31. What is the requirement to get a GST Certificate? To_____________________
A.
comply with less than 95% of the established conditions
B.
reach level 1 according to the sustainable parameters
C.
reach at least level 4
D.
comply with the established sustainability parameters
32. What do we infer from the text? That both programs are aimed
to____________________________
A.
help the hotels to attract more tourists
B.
give the schools many flags
C.
give awards to those who works on the coastal communities
D.
protect the environment
33. Read the text and choose the appropriate alternative to complete each sentence. (Items
from 34 to 36)
TOURISM INDUSTRY: PROS-AND-CONS.
Costa Ricas biggest source of income is
tourism, and the industry is accompanied
by something that is absolutely
necessary: transportation. Approximately
105% of the countrys tourism income is
related to transportation, according to the
National Association of Tourism
Transportation (ANATTUR).
Many hotels and private reserves have
been doing a lot of business with the
ecology theme, but we dont see the
industrys transportation sector going
toward green fuel systems. In most
cases, diesel-powered vehicles are the
first option in this country. We observe
vans with a 15-passenger capacity
providing transportation to only a couple
or maybe three people, generating a
waste of resources.
In an ecological country such as Costa Rica, it is unbelievable that the laws encourage a
transportation scheme that goes against conservation and the environment. Liquid petrol
gas (LPG) is one excellent alternative, as it is cost- effective and clean-burning.
34) The text states that
A.
transportation produces a low income
B.
lodging industry benefits from ecotourism
C.
ecotourism generates economical loss
D.
ANNATUR condemns transportation
34. The text also states that tourism should____________________________________.
A.
adopt green transportation
B.
acquire gasoline-powered vehicles
C.
produce more jobs
D.
approve 15-passengers vans

PHUKET
The beautiful island of Phuket is famous for its fantastic beaches, delicious food and
friendly people. It is the perfect place for a weeks break. You can relax and sunbathe all
day on one of the islands wonderful beaches, or rent a motorbike and travel around the
whole island. In the evening you can eat fresh fish in one of J| Phukets excellent
restaurants, then enjoy a quiet walk along the beach under the stars.
Whatever you want from your holiday, it is here
II in Phuket!
Accommodation:
Kata Hote! *** (23 rooms)
Cost per week:
1570 (including flight)
Average Temperature:
32C (April-May)
TTaken from Face Two Face
Based on the text above, choose the best alternative to complete each sentence. (Items
from 37 to 39)
37 Phuket offers__________________________according to people's likes.
A.
sunbathing
B.
stars watching
C.
varied activities
D.
tours
36. According to the Hotel description, it

offers____________________________accommodations
A.
dingy
B.
uncomfortable
C.
nice
D.
old fashioned
37. The Hotels fare includes the________________________
A.
tours around the beach
B.
meals
C.
motorcycle
D.
plane ticket

EBOLA AND MARBURG VIRUSES
Science classifies the viruses Ebola and Marburg as filoviruses. They occur in some areas
of Africa, and cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans.
Ebola
Scientists think that the Ebola virus originated in monkeys. This virus is transmitted among
humans by exposure to blood or infected body tissues. The Ebola virus causes infections,
fever, diarrhea, bleeding, and loss of consciousness. In most of the cases people die. It is
present in East, South, and Central Africa.
Marburg
The Marburg virus is transmitted by exposure to infected tissues in monkeys and other
primates. The virus is highly infectious among humans; it causes a severe disease that
affects many organs. In most of cases death is inevitable. This virus seems to reside only in
Central Africa.
Based on the text above, choose the alternative that completes each sentence correctly.
40) The origin of Ebola and Marburg is attributed to ________________________
A.
humans
B.
the loss of consciousness
C.
digestive problems
D.
some primates
39. Ebola causes _____________________in humans.
A.
muscle pains
B.
fever and diarrhea
C.
nausea and vomiting
D.
headaches
40. Both, Ebola and Marburg________________________
A.
are transmitted in South Africa
B.
are inevitable
C.
cause death in all of cases
D.
cause hemorrhagic fever
41. If you get infected with Ebola, ___________________________
A.
nobody can get it by touching your blood
B.
you may suffer from loss of blood
C.
you have to go to Africa
D.
avoid touching someones blood
42. Be careful with Marburg because____________________
A.
your tissues can infect the filoviruses
B.
this virus is highly infectious
C.
it affects only the organs in your head
D.
it causes loss of consciousness

TYPES OF ELECTIONS
In most nations, political party leaders select candidates for office in a general election.
Costa Rica holds primary elections prior to the general election campaign. Progressive
reformers introduced the primary as another way to weaken the influence of political party
machines in general elections.
The primary is followed by the general election, which normally is the decisive electoral
contest.
The referendum is a process that allows citizens to vote directly on proposed laws. Voters
could vote to set limits on tax rates, or to block spending proposals.
Although it involves voting, the referendum is not an election. The election is an institution
of representative government. In an election, voters choose officials to act for them. The
referendum, by contrast, is an institution of direct democracy. In a referendum, voters
govern directly without intervention by government officials. The validity of referendums,
however, is subject to review. If a court finds that a referendum outcome violates the
country constitution, it can overturn the result.
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate alternative to answer each question.
45) How is the practice of submitting an issue to the popular vote called?
A.
Primary election
B.
General election
C.
Referendum
D.
Political party
44. Who nominates the political aspirant in the majority of the countries?
A.
Progressive reformers
B.
Political party leaders
C.
An electoral committee
D.
A government official
45. What is needed to legitimate a referendum? To_________________________
A.
confront it to the Constitution
B.
have a massive voting
C.
select candidates for office
D.
hold primary elections
46. Why do citizens attend an election? To choose _______________________
A.
proposed laws
B.
political party leaders
C.
party representatives
D.
officials to act for them
47. Whats the difference between the election and the referendum? It is that the
referendum_______________________.
A.
let voters to choose officials
B.
allows citizens to express their mind directly
C.
let the court to select the candidates
D.
is an institution with representative governments
48. Read the text and choose the appropriate alternative to answer each question, (items from
50 to 52).
Dear Tico Times:
I would like to bring to your attention the superb job done by a paramedic answering a call
on the public beach in Manuel Antonio approximately one month ago.
A young boy had broken his arm quite badly in a soccer game on the beach and was being
attended by a visiting New York paramedic until the ambulance arrived.
The aforementioned paramedic and I then assisted the Red Cross paramedic in splinting
the boys arm and moving him to the ambulance.
What most impressed me about this call was the gentleness and kindness of the Red Cross
paramedic. In the midst of the emotional distress of the boys family and the demands of
caring for a patient in severe pain, he was comforting, patient and concerned -truly a credit
to his profession and pre-hospital care in Manuel Antonio. I say this after having served as
an EMS medical director for more than 20 years. I have been unable to identify this
paramedic or how to convey my admiration for his excellent job to the proper authorities.
Could any readers assist me in recognizing a job well done?
By George J. Geis, Elmhurst, Illinois, USA
50) What does Mr. Geis do in his country?
He____________________________________.
A.
is the Red Cross director
B.
is a medical doctor
C.
drives an ambulance
D.
works with disabled people
49. What fact called Georges attention?
A.
The office of the Red Cross in Manuel Antonio
B.
There was no ambulance service
C.
A Costa Rican paramedic excellent job
D.
The immediate service of the ambulance
50. What did George intend to do but after the incident? To____________________________.
A.
warn about Costa Rican authorities
B.
thank the New York paramedic
C.
demand the national Red Cross
D.
congratulate the national paramedic
51. Read the text and choose the appropriate alternative to answer each question
Rica Expeditions requires the services of a:
Travel Consultant for our
Inside Sales Department
WE OFFER:
Base salary.
Highly attractive commission package.
Opportunities for travel throughout the country.
Friendly work environment.
Incentive programs.
THE IDEAL CANDIDATE SHOULD:
Be completely fluent in spoken English and Spanish.
Have an excellent command of written English.
Be extremely organized and able to handle a high volume of varied tasks and
responsibilities.
Have computer skills: Word, Excel, Outlook and Internet Explorer
Previous experience in the tourism industry
Be willing to have a flexible schedule and work long hours.
Be a self-starter and a team player
If you meet the above qualifications and are interested, please send your resume to:
Fax: 2275-1665 or E-mail ifgb@expeditions. cr. com
Attn: Human Resources
The candidate should be able to handle _________________________.
A.
a specific task
B.
computer tasks only
C.
several tasks
D.
a few tasks
52. Two professional skills the candidate should have are______________________
A.
full English command and computer skills
B.
computer skills and being a self starter
C.
full English command and responsibility
D.
organization and previous experience

COMPUTERS: HUMANS NEW ADDICTION
Computers have gradually revolutionized our lives. In the future, we will see many more
changes and a faster rate. The postal system will virtually disappear due to e-mail use.
Communications will be done through the computer. Libraries will become obsolete;
information will be obtained via network. Computer physicians will be the new doctors and
perform medical examinations to diagnose and recommend the most efficient treatment.
Teachers too will be replaced by learning machines, and children wont have to go to school
anymore. Students will interact with their classmates by computer. Many of these
technologies are already in use. For many years, airline companies have been training their
pilots on simulators.
Computers have become part of our daily lives, and some people cannot live without them.
They become addicted to the screen and to the multitude of video games and
simulations that the computer provides.
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate option to complete each sentence. (Items
from 56 to 60)
56) The use of computers has___________________________________.
A.
made libraries disappear
B.
made doctors quit
C.
become obsolete
D.
changed our lives
54. In the medical field, computers will be in charge of______________________________
A.
the most inefficient treatments
B.
diagnoses and treatments
C.
examining the addiction of the computers
D.
substituting patients for machines
55. One disadvantage of using computers will be that________________________
A.
users can become addicted
B.
they will make communication faster
C.
doctors will give worse diagnosis
D.
a lot of libraries will be overused
56. The expression, Computers have become part of our daily lives means that
_________________________________
A.
people never use them
B.
people use them everyday
C.
people occasionally use them
D.
only skillful people can use computers
57. The text talks about the technology that_______________________________________
A.
teachers will change
B.
people used, are using and will use in the future
C.
libraries will replace
D.
will make the kids go to school more often

WOMENS LEADERSHIP
A leading group of international businesswomen that work on the worlds 200 biggest male
dominated companies are stepping up efforts to give women more leadership in large
corporations.
Little progress has been made to ensure boarding equality to sexes said a report issued by
Corporate Women directors International (CWDI).
It over 80 percent of buying decisions are being made by women-from cars to tires, to
food, to technology, to energy-why wouldnt you have them represented in those
companies, said CDWI chairwoman to the press, urging corporation to rectify the situation.
The eight countries with the largest companies, the United States, Japan, Unites Kingdom,
Germany, France, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Italy-have all made progress in
appointing women directors since 2004, the reporter said.
However, the majority of the largest companies Japan, Korea, Italy, Venezuela, Russia and
China, for instance, still do not have women directors. It said.
I have never said that women are perfect creatures, but they do bring in a perspective that
is very necessary to be competitive in the global economy, said Natividad.
Adapted from Guanacaste Journal
Based on the text above, choose the best option to answer each question. (Items from 61
to
65)
61) What are the businesswomen of the large corporations doing?
They are_______________________________large companies
A.
trying to be the only leaders in
B.
fighting to increase participation of women in
C.
taking all the decision of
D.
ignoring men in
59. Whats the role of women in the big corporation in the Unites States?
A.
Womens participation is not important
B.
Womens role is insignificant
C.
Their role is perfect
D.
There are more leading positions
60. What countries are given more opportunities to women as directors?
A.
China and Korea
B.
Korea and Venezuela
C.
Russia and China
D.
Germany and Switzerland
61. Whats the importance of womens roles according to Natividad? Women

_________________________________.
A.
should work only in small corporations
B.
cannot be necessary in the companies
C.
are perfect for all kind of business
D.
are necessary in the competitive world economy
62. Read the text and choose the alternative that best answers each question. (Items from 66
to 70)
GRADUATIONS BROADCAST ONLINE
When 17-year-old Reyniza Sherrell was handed her high school diploma, two of her family
members watched with admiration, from thousands of miles away. Sherrell's father is a
soldier in Iraq and her older sister is in Germany, but both of them were watching live video
online of her graduation on a
Friday night in Clarksville.
Seven high schools near Fort Campbell, the home of the Airborne Division, broadcast their
graduation ceremonies live over the Internet for the first time for their family members
stationed overseas. The ceremonies were broadcast on a Web site that soldiers relatives
accessed wherever they were stationed. Reyniza's mother, Vander, said: seeing the
graduation was important to my husband, Trodell, whose 10-year career in the military
meant missing a lot of birthdays, anniversaries and holidays. I think he was so proud,
popping his collar, patting himself on the back." More than 250 graduating seniors from the
seven schools have parents who are on duty abroad, spokeswoman Kelly Ann Tyler said.
XOS Technologies, which provides audio and video software and Internet products to
professional and college sports teams, set up the video service free for the base. Wykoff
said: "I think it means a lot, when you're so far away, to see your kids graduate when you
can't be there.
66) Where was Reynizas father watching from? He was watching
from_______________________________
A.
Iraq
B.
Germany
C.
Fort Campbell
D.
Clarksville
63. How was Reynizas sister watching her graduation?
A.
In person
B.
On a computer
C.
On a recorded video
D.
On a VCR
64. How many students were graduating?
A.
Around two hundred fifty
B.
Seventeen
C.
Seven
D.
Less than two hundred fifty
65. Besides the soldiers, who else accessed the online broadcast service during the
graduation?
A.
Students
B.
The Airborne Division
C.
XOS Technologies
D.
Other family members
66. Why was the broadcast of this graduation important? Because it helped those family
members to stay together no matter the________________________________________.
A.
time
B.
family problems
C.
distance among them
D.
money
Ingls 2012
www.ingeniosocr.com
179:39
www.ingeniosocr.com

Hanna Gabriel Valle, Costa Rican Junior Middleweight World Champion, is a boxer who
stands out because of her great international victories. She made her debut in the National
Gymnasium, San Jos, Costa Rica, on November 17, 2007, fighting Nicaraguan Aoska
Xochilet Herrera and defeating her by a K.O. (Knock Out). After that, on December 19,
2009, Gabriel won the World Boxing Organization (W.B.O.) Welterweight World
Championship against Argentine Gabriela Zapata by a T.K.O. (Technical Knockout) during
the fourth round. The fight took place in the Dennis Martinez stadium, Managua, Nicaragua.
On January 14, 2010, just over a month after that victory, she renounced the title after
suffering several blackouts due to her weight loss diet. She actually belongs to the
middleweight category, and for the aforementioned competition she had to lose weight by
not eating carbs. Then, on May 29, 2010 Gabriel defeated the Dominican champion Gardy
Pea in Bayamn, Puerto Rico to win the W.B.O. Junior Middleweight World Champion
Title in a fight that lasted only 11 seconds.
On January 11, 2011, Hanna retained the World Championship Title against her rival,
Melisenda Prez, winning by a T.K.O. Once again, on March 31, 2011, Hanna fought and
defeated Melisenda Prez during the inauguration ceremony of Costa Rica's new National
Stadium in front of 14 000 fans. It took Hanna seven rounds to defeat her rival by a
knockout.
Adapted from http://en.wikipedia,org/wiki/Hanna_Gabriel
(Items from 1 to 5)
A.
more than once in the rebuilt National Stadium
B.
once in Costa Rica
C.
repeatedly, before defeating Aoska
D.
in foreign countries
2. In 2010 Hanna fought Gardy Pea to_______________________________.
A.
become world champion for the first time
B.
get back her world title
C.
become a champion in a new category
D.
keep her title
3. Hanna Gabriel fought her shortest fight in_______________________.
A.
the National Gymnasium
B.
Costa Rica
C.
Nicaragua
D.
Puerto Rico
4. Hanna suffered blackouts due to_______________________.
A.
her extreme underweight
B.
some terrible injuries
C.
her actual weight
D.
the Nicaraguan Technical Knockout sequels
5. Hanna Gabriels last opponent was defeated __________________________.
A.
to win the Junior Middleweight World Champion
B.
during the seventh round
C.
during the final round in Costa Rica
D.
to defend the Welterweight World Championship
6. MUSIC IN COSTA RICA

Costa Ricans love music. They play and listen to different kinds of music all around the
country. In fact, popular music is mostly of Latin influence (merengue, cumbia, salsa) and
also Caribbean (reggae). Most restaurants and bars play music and there is a large
number of places with live music, DJs. Guanacaste is the folkloric province of the country,
though limited tangible remains of dance, music and folklore have been preserved. The
National Symphony Orchestra, founded in 1940, offers classical music performances in
Costa Rica, and it is considered one of the best in Latin America. It has played in numerous
important concerts and tours in Europe and both North and South America. Costa Ricas
love of music extends down to its children, too. The Suzuki program has been teaching
Costa Rican children how to play the violin since 1990. This program has brought total
respect and appreciation of this art and its positive influence on culture.
Based on the previous text, choose the appropriate alternative to complete each sentence
(Items from 6 to10)
Costa Ricans________________________________music.
A.
only like popular
B.
mainly listen to classical
C.
enjoy several kinds of
D.
just play folkloric
7. According to the text, classical music is performed in Costa Rica mostly by
A.
the Symphony Orchestra
B.
popular music bands
C.
folkloric music groups
D.
Caribbean music groups
8. According to the writer, _____________________________remains of folkloric music have

been preserved in Costa Rica.
A.
abundant
B.
few
C.
enough
D.
no
9. According to the text, the Suzuki program violin performances in Costa Rica
are_________________
A.
neglected
B.
disregarded
C.
imitated
D.
valued
10. Violin classes have had_____________________on Costa Rican culture.
A.
favorable effects
B.
unexpected consequences
C.
no improvements
D.
negative influence

DAILY MEALS IN FAST PACED CITIES IN THE U.S.A.
Everything is big in the U.S.A. and breakfast is not an exception. Breakfast in the U.S.A.
(the perfect option for big appetites), can consist of anything from coffee and cookies on the
go, to a full cooked breakfast with a selection of sausages, bacon, jam, baked beans, fries
and eggs.
Life in many places in the U.S.A. is truly fast paced, especially for those heading into the
city usually facing long commutes. The long working hours leave barely enough time to eat,
yet to cook. Most people eat out or have food to go, at least during the week. Although
people do cook, -and very well- many save it for weekends or for family celebrations.
Lunch is usually ordered at a local deli, to be eaten there or taken away. There is plenty of
choice: from huge Italian subs, thin crust pizza with sausages and peppers, turkey or pork
rolls, egg and cheese sandwiches. Soup, pasta, or salad, are also on the lunch menu. The
food is usually accompanied by fruit juice, flavored water, iced tea or soda. People can buy
something for dinner while at the deli, when they are not going out that evening. Others
prefer to call their favorite restaurants beforehand to set a pick up time. Their food will be
ready and packed in thermal containers at the appointed hour.
Of course, you can always go to a diner. Diners are open for long hours every day, and
serve meals regardless of the time.
Taken from www.world_food_andwine.com/food-iri -usa.html
Based on the previous text, choose the appropriate alternative to complete each sentence.
People who enjoy eating a full breakfast usually have in mind______________________
A.
eggs and sausages
B.
cereal and juice
C.
fresh fruit and cookies
D.
coffee and toast
12. People with a fast paced lifestyle avoid cooking_____________________
A.
during weekdays
B.
because they dislike cooking
C.
for family gatherings
D.
when they live near their workplace
13. You can order lunch at a deli________________
A.
from few options in the menu
B.
from very varied menu options
C.
only to take out
D.
to be delivered at your door
14. When people have called a restaurant to order take-out food, they__________________.
A.
usually wait until it is done
B.
must pick it up in advance
C.
always need to warm it up before eating
D.
just have to pick it up, take it out, and eat it
15. People would probably choose to________________whenever they

need to eat at late hours.
A.
eat at a diner
B.
take their homemade food in thermal containers
C.
go to their deli and order something
D.
cook a good meal at home
16. Read the recipe below.

APPLES AND CREAM SHAKE
Ingredients:
2 cups low-fat vanilla ice cream
1 cup unsweetened applesauce
1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon or apple pie spice
1 cup fat-free skim or 1% low fat milk
Ground cinnamon (optional)
Directions:
Put low-fat ice cream, applesauce, and the 1/4 teaspoon cinnamon or apple pie spice in a
blender container. Cover and blend until smooth. Add fat-free skim or 1% low fat milk and
blend lightly until mixed. Pour into glasses. If desired, sprinkle each serving with additional
cinnamon. Serve immediately. Makes (8-ounce) servings.
Based on the previous recipe, choose the appropriate alternative to complete each
sentence.
The recipe allows people to_____________.
A.
add 1/4 cup of cinnamon
B.
use apple pie spice instead of ground cinnamon
C.
substitute apple pie spice for the applesauce
D.
add additional applesauce
17. A dairy product mentioned in the recipe is
A.
cinnamon
B.
ice-cream
C.
vanilla
D.
applesauce
18. Before serving the cream shake,______________________is up to you.
A.
sprinkling cinnamon
B.
mixing ingredients
C.
adding ice cream
D.
blending the mixture
19. The procedure that you should do twice to make this recipe is to_______________ the
ingredients.
A.
serve
B.
sprinkle
C.
blend
D.
pour

PLACING THE DINNER NAPKIN
Most people are still unaware about the proper use of a dinner napkin. One thing is for
certain: the napkin should NEVER be tucked under the chin, unless of course one is 5
years old or younger!
Lift the napkin soon after you are seated and place it on your lap. However, at more formal
occasions wait for a signal from the
host before doing so.
Use the napkin throughout the meal to dab your lips. This prevents greasy lip marks from
being transferred to the glass and of course removes unsightly food residue from lips!
The napkin rests on the lap till the end of the meal. Place the napkin in loose folds to the
left of your plate. If you have to leave the table during the meal, leave the napkin on your
chair.
Don't clean the cutlery or wipe your face with the napkin. NEVER use it to wipe your nose!
Adapted from http://www.cuisinenet.com/digest/custom/etiquette/fingerJood.shtml
(Items from 20 to23)
The majority of people are ______________about the right way to use a dinner napkin.
A.
exhausted
B.
educated
C.
educated
D.
uninformed
21. The use of a napkin under the chin depends on a persons_____________________
A.
height
B.
prestige
C.
education
D.
age
22. At formal meals, guests receive an indication to________________________
A.
place the napkin on their lap
B.
leave the napkin on their chair
C.
remove unsightly food
D.
dab their lips
23. If you wipe your face with the napkin, you will be considered_____________________
A.
impolite
B.
well educated
C.
passionate
D.
comical

THE ORIGIN OF HALLOWEEN
Many European cultural traditions hold that Halloween is one of the times of the year when
spirits can make contact with the physical world and when magic is most potent. Halloween
is popularly celebrated on the night of October 31, most notably by children dressing in
costumes and going door-to-door collecting sweets, fruit, and other gifts, called most
commonly trick-or-treating. Some other traditional activities include costume parties,
watching horror films, going to "haunted" houses, and traditional autumn activities such as
hayrides, some of which may even be "haunted".
Halloween originated under a different name "Samhain" as a Pagan festival among the
Celts of Ireland and Great Britain with mainly Irish and Scots and other immigrants bringing
versions of the tradition to North America in the nineteenth century. Many other Western
countries have embraced Halloween as a part of American pop culture in the late twentieth
century.
As such, Halloween is now celebrated in many parts of the western world, most commonly
in the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico, Ireland, the United Kingdom and sometimes in
Australia and New Zealand. In recent years, Halloween has also been celebrated in some
parts of Western Europe.
The term Halloween, and its older rendering Hallowe'en, is shortened from All-hallowevening, as it was celebrated on the evening of "All Hallows' Day" (also known as "All
Saints' Day"). Liturgically, the Church traditionally celebrated the evening of the 31 as the
Vigil of All Saints until 1970, and it was a day of fasting. However, we now consider All
Saints' (or Hallows') day to be on the day after Halloween.
Trick-or-treating refers to_____________________
A.
collecting sweets, fruit, and other gifts
B.
watching horror films
C.
going to "haunted" houses
D.
having costume parties
25. In some_________________countries it is believed that magic is stronger on Halloween.
A.
American
B.
Asian
C.
African
D.
European
26. Halloween became a tradition________________in North America.
A.
in the middle of the 20th century
B.
until 1970
C.
on October 31
D.
during the 19th century
27. Halloween was first known under the name of _____________"
A.
All Saints'Day
B.
the Vigil of All Saints
C.
All Hallows' Day
D.
Samhain
28. Read the information below and choose the option that answers each question correctly,
(items 29 and 30)
CONSERVATION
Building on its traditions of democracy, the Ministry of the Environment has created the
Natural Resource Vigilance Committees (COVIRENAS), which are active in almost every
rural area of the country, educating their neighbors about illegal logging, poaching, fishing,
trading in endangered species, water protection, and how each persons actions can make
a difference. They use art and theater to encourage childrens awareness, carry out cleanup campaigns, and report environmental infractions to the authorities.
Most Costa Ricans are proud to share the beauty of their land with visitors and know how to
make foreigners feel at home. With the advent of ecotourism, young men who used to hunt
turtles have been trained to help visitors understand turtle nesting; sharp-eyed farmers are
learning to be guides in the national parks; people from the dry Guanacaste region are
reviving the pottery-making techniques of their ancestors; indigenous women from
Talamanca have written a book to explain their beliefs about conserving the forest and its
wildlife
What is the main purpose of COVIRENAS? To_______________________
A.
be proud of the beauty visitors share with most Costa Ricans
B.
activate illegal logging, poaching and fishing
C.
write books about ancestors from Guanacaste
D.
teach people about conservation and ecotourism
29. What is the innovative way COVIRENAS use to transmit their messages? It is
through_______________.
A.
poaching
B.
infractions
C.
vigilance
D.
plays
30. Read the text. Choose the best alternative to answer each question (Items from 31 to 33).
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL ACTION
The Municipality of Alajuela and three central government institutions were under a court
order to prevent the dumping of raw sewage into the rivers after citizens took legal action.
The raw sewage in the stream was fetid, caused nauseating odors, ruining the appearance
of the landscape and businesses in the area. This environmental problem had made the
area inhospitable for residences or any productive activity, and it had also increased the risk
of the spread of dangerous diseases. The Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court
ruled in favor of the two parties, demanding a solution to the rivers pollution, the odor of
which had made some areas uninhabitable, according to the statement from the Judicial
Power. One ruling called on the Municipality, AyA and MINAE to treat sewage waste in the
neighborhood within three months, or the corresponding leader would face three months to
two years in prison, or a fine of 20-60 days wages. The other ruling called on the
Municipality to make plans in its budget for an integrated solution to the dumping of
untreated sewage in Alajuelas Central Canton.
What public institution ordered the Municipality of Alajuela to stop
A.
AyA
B.
Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court
C.
MINAE
D.
The Public Health Ministry
31. What kind of contamination were the residents complaining about?
A.
Untreated garbage
B.
Simple contamination
C.
Raw sewage pollution
D.
Air and acid contamination
32. What was one of the possible consequences of the environmental pollution in one of the
Alajuelas regions?
A.
The chief of the municipality spent 20 days in prison.
B.
Health problems
C.
Healthy conditions
D.
Decrease of diseases

CAMPING, COMFORT NEAR RINCON DE LA VIEJA
If you want to relax and connect with nature or perhaps have a yearning to sample the
campesino life, then El Sol Verde Lodge and Campground may be the place for you. It is
located 15 km. north-east of Liberia, near Curubande an authentic Tico village. Tucked on
a hillside a short distance off the main road to Rincon de la Vieja National Park, it provides
a peaceful resting place from which to explore the area. Gerard Van Vuuren with his wife,
Ingrid, moved here from the Netherlands in 2006 and opened the bed-and-breakfast a year
later. Small in scale but grand in ambience, the three cozy rooms Lodge sits on the edge of
the property facing a valley. Tables and chairs on the porch provide a place for enjoying
nature. Immaculate rooms are equipped with orthopedic beds, quiet ceiling fans and private
bathrooms with hot water. Behind the Lodge, one finds the campground with a beautiful
view, concrete platforms for tents and a bathroom with three private shower stalls, toilets
and sinks. Travelers can rent tents and air mattresses that will be setup. A picnic table is in
place. Across a spacious yard is the breakfast terrace, where a full tropical breakfast is
available each morning. Lunch or dinner is not served since the owners try to encourage
people to go into town and support the local businesses there. A 20 minute scenic walk
takes visitors to the Rio Blanco, where youll find a calming swimming hole at the foot of a
small waterfall. The Van Vuurens will lead a guided tour up the trail to the volcanos crater.
They can also arrange horseback riding with local guide.
Based on the previous information, choose the appropriate alternative to complete each
sentence. (Items from 34 to 39)
El Sol Verde may be just the perfect place for people who enjoy_______________.
A.
noisy entertainment
B.
luxury accommodations
C.
five-star hotels
D.
the sights and sounds of nature
34. El Sol Verde is both a campground and a_________________
A.
wild reserve
B.
cozy place to stay
C.
villa hotel
D.
busy farm
35. If travelers do not want to carry their own equipment, they are offered
to_________________
A.
pay for three meals a day
B.
sleep in a hammock
C.
pay for bed and breakfast
D.
rent a tent and a gas cook stove
36. El Sol Verde is located_________________
A.
about 15 km. from Rincon de la Vieja National Park
B.
near Curubande
C.
in a Costa Rican village
D.
in Liberia downtown
37. The attractions of the area include___________________
A.
exploring a peasant-like small town
B.
fishing and swimming
C.
jumping in waterfalls
D.
visiting friends and gourmet restaurants
38. El Sol Verde is run by______________________
A.
a couple
B.
a Costa Rican group
C.
Curubandes community
D.
Rincon de la Vieja National Park Board
39. Read the text.

MENINGITIS INFECTIONS CAUSED TWO DEATHS
Two men have died of meningitis in the past two weeks, and a total of eight cases of the
illness have been registered, Health officials told The Tico Times this week.
Four cases of Meningococcal meningitis, a contagious infection caused by the
meningococcal bacteria, emerged among employees of Delroyal Scientific: a medical
equipment manufacturer in Heredia.
Meningitis, which causes inflammation of the membranes that cover the spinal cord and the
brain, has three types in its meningococcal form, A, B, and C.
While vaccines exist for A and C, and can be applied to all those who have been in the
vicinity of an infected person, no vaccine exits for B, the type that struck the Global Park
Company, said the Public Health Minister, explaining that the disease is spread through
close contact with an infected person. When this person sneezes or coughs, the bacteria
can be passed to others who may or may not develop the illness. Common symptoms of
this disease include severe headaches, high fevers, drowsiness, and a general ill feeling.
Preventive measures recommended by health officials include maintaining hygienic
standards at home and work, washing hands, and cleaning shared machinery or work tools.
People who display symptoms should visit the nearest health clinic, and once meningitis is
diagnosed, it must be treated with antibiotics. Approximately 400 meningitis cases are
registered through the country each year, and 25-30 resulted in death.
Based on the previous text, choose the best alternative to answer each question. (Items
from 40 to 44)
What is the cause of meningitis?
A.
A medical equipment
B.
Non infected people
C.
Inflammation of the brain
D.
A bacterium
40. What are some common symptoms of meningitis? A person usually suffers___________
A.
severe headaches and fever
B.
allergic reactions to antibiotics
C.
very strong sneezing and coughing cases
D.
an Inflammation of the hands
41. How can meningitis be spread? By __________
A.
being in contact to an ill person
B.
applying a vaccine to sick people
C.
means of anybodys sneeze
D.
feeling drowsiness and high fevers
42. How can meningitis be prevented? By________________
A.
taking antibiotics
B.
evading hygienic measures
C.
staying close to infected peopled
D.
following sanitary measures
43. In Costa Rica, how many cases of meningitis are filed yearly? ________________cases.
A.
Around four thousand
B.
More than three hundred
C.
Less than three hundred
D.
Twenty five or thirty

COSTA RICA'S GOVERNMENT
Costa Rica is a democratic republic which has no military and maintains only domestic
police and security forces. Under the 1949 constitution, all citizens are guaranteed equality
before the law, the right to own property, the right of petition* and assembly, freedom of
speech and the right of habeas corpus. The constitution also divides the government into
independent executive, legislative and judicial branches. The executive branch is
composed of the president, two vice presidents and a cabinet. The legislature is the
National Assembly, composed of 57 members.
There are provincial boundaries for administrative purposes, but no elected provincial
officials. Costa Rica held its first mayoral elections** in December 2002, whereby mayors
were elected to 4-year terms by popular vote through general elections. Prior to 2002, the
office of mayor did not exist, and the president of each municipal council was
responsible for the administration of his/her municipality.
On the other hand, autonomous state agencies enjoy considerable operational
independence; they include the telecommunications and electrical power monopoly, the
state petroleum refinery, the nationalized commercial banks, the state insurance monopoly,
and the social security agency.
* Right of petition: it is the right to make a complaint to, or seek assistance
** Mayoral: highest ranking officer in the municipal governments
Costa Rica's Democratic Government, Ministries, Diplomatic links. Windows Internet
Explorer (Adapted)
Based on the previous text, choose the best alternative to complete each sentence. (Items
from
45 to 49
Costa Rican mayoral elections started____________________.
A.
with the 1949 constitution
B.
at the end of 2002
C.
about four years ago
D.
in December 2000
45. Under the Costa Rican constitution, all citizens_________________freedom of speech.
A.
enjoy
B.
demand
C.
look for
D.
pursue
46. Prior to 2002 the municipality administration was carried by_____________________
A.
an independent executive
B.
the majors office
C.
a Regional Assembly
D.
the president of the local council
47. The telecommunications and state insurance monopoly are________________
A.
state offices
B.
local and national councils
C.
executive agencies
D.
autonomous state agencies
48. In Costa Rica,_____________________________
A.
domestic police force is elected by the people
B.
Mayors were first elected in 1949
C.
the National Assembly is composed of 57 Mayors
D.
power is divided into several branches
49. CALL CENTERS EXPAND SERVICES

When call centers were first established in Costa Rica in 1995, they were provided
technical support to solve problems of customers in the U.S.A. Even though this service is
still offered, call centers are now providing higher-added services such as outsourcing
financial and technical support, billing, human resources and telemarketing among other
services. Gabriela Llobet, Director of CINDE (National Agency for Attracting Foreign
Investment), said that new jobs were available through the good timing within the services
sector in Costa Rica. Its definitely good news for the country. In times of crisis, there are
growth opportunities for these companies which are getting new accounts or demand. The
credibility of the country and the recognition of the companies as highly productive and
skilled workforce are factors that contribute to the expansion of services, she said.
According to data provided by CINDE, there are over 20 call centers operating in Costa
Rica. All of these companies are seeking staff and, among the requirements, a high
command of English and immediate availability are a must.
Competitive salaries, growth opportunities and stability are offered. Transportation and food
subsidies, annual bonus according to performance, and medical insurance are some of the
benefits included. Call centers generate over 12 000 jobs in Costa Rica.
Most employees are young.
Adapted from http:// www.nacion.com/tn-ee/2009/juniol5/economia 1994543.html
Based on the text above, choose the best option to complete each sentence. (Items from
50 to55
Call centers in Costa Rica are now__________________________
A.
offering mainly the same services as in the past
B.
providing many more services
C.
suffering from the worldwide crisis
D.
decreasing their workforce
50. Call centers have expanded their businesses because they____________________
A.
operate very efficiently
B.
dont receive support from CINDE
C.
make a good selection of employers
D.
dont have any competition
51. To join a call center, applicants should be able to________________________
A.
work different schedules
B.
look for growth opportunities
C.
use their own transportation means
D.
start working right away
52. There are many job opportunities in call centers for people if they ____________________
A.
are very skillful
B.
have intermediate proficiency in English
C.
are young
D.
are computer knowledgeable
53. According to CINDE, call center services in Costa Rica are_______________________
A.
expanding
B.
decreasing
C.
unstable
D.
stationary
54. One of the benefits most call centers offer to employees is________________
A.
promotion opportunities
B.
monthly salaries
C.
bonuses of C12.000
D.
short-term jobs

A STUDENT VIDEO PRODUCTION
When we hear the words high technology, most of us think of computers and of students
software programs, the Internet, and e-mail for language learning. We sometimes forget
that technology encompasses many other media that can be equally educational and
stimulating, including video technology, which is often underused in language classrooms.
Many teachers show videos to their classes, but most do not use the technology behind the
finished product, such as cameras and editing devices, to its full advantage. Yet student
video productions using these devices can be a perfect vehicle for integrating skills
practice, authentic communication, and process-oriented group activities at a level of the
student involvement that is difficult to sustain through other media. Students find video work
exhilarating and enjoy watching their own productions for pleasure and for analysis of their
language skills. There are many contexts in which video projects can be carried out.
Producing videos is suitable for young adults and adults in secondary, higher, or adult
education as well as in intensive English programs. Video projects can be freestanding or
connected with other subject matter included in the course. A novel or play and its movie
adaptation, for example, can provide the context for a student video production in which
students use technology and work as a team to create their own video version of a selected
scene from the novel or a play.
Based on the previous text, choose the best alternative to answer each question, (items
from 56 to SO)
According to the text, what is high technology? Its not only computers but
also_____________
A.
video devices
B.
language classrooms
C.
student involvement
D.
language learning
56. According to the text, why is video production a good educational tool? Because it helps
to__________________
A.
screen novels everywhere
B.
watch movies at home
C.
improve the language skills
D.
find a work in these fields
57. What does the writer state about the students tasks at school? The students can
create_____________________to motivate themselves about learning
A.
the perfect English programs
B.
their own video projects
C.
the teachers video projects
D.
their own software programs
58. What can readers infer from the text about teachers performance in class? Most of
the teachers_____________________________
A.
B.
C.
D.
think videos are the last tool to improve their classes
? dont put into practice the cameras functions for teaching and
learning
?
take advantages of cameras in the teaching process
? consider that the students works are exhilarating during the last
decades
59. What does the writer say about editing devices? The writer claims that such video cameras
are______________
A.
very useful to get an authentic communication
B.
suitable only for adult education in a classroom
C.
not useful for group activities
D.
the main vehicle to learn a native language
60. LETS RESCUE OUR ANCESTORS VALUES

Solidarity and generosity during the recent emergency in Limon let us retake our path to
find that pure Costa Rican essence that sparks hope everywhere. This is an opportunity for
those who lead or hope to lead our nation to rescue the legacy of our ancestors, and
instead of looking for our own profit, try to benefit the greatest number of people. It is also
an opportunity for teachers and professors to go beyond the barriers of the programs and
light the torch of knowledge that transcends exams. It is a great opportunity for our leaders
to design, with long term vision, the solutions demanded by our communities, many of
which have been punished, year after year, by natural disasters or just simply forgotten.
Finally, this could be a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for us, fathers and mothers, to assume
our true roles as models at home and strengthen this role hand-in-hand with our educators.
By Sandra Urbina
Based on the previous letter, choose the best alternative to complete each sentence.
The author claims that hard times should become an opportunity to___________values.
A.
forget about
B.
look for new
C.
rescue lost
D.
change old
61. Based on the article, education should________________________
A.
include values in the classrooms
B.
leave values exclusively to the parents
C.
focus on exams only
D.
consider academic contents only
62. Childrens education is a responsibility that_____________
A.
only parents have to deal with
B.
is just assumed by teachers
C.
governments alone should undertake
D.
involves teachers and parents alike
63. According to the content of the text, another title for the article is_____________________
A.
Great Opportunities Arise during Hard Times
B.
Again, Costa Rica Unprepared to Face Crisis
C.
Nobody Takes Action When Needed
D.
Costa Rica Suffers another Emergency
64. THE INTERNET

Locating specific information used to be a tedious and time-consuming process. Now
finding references to topics can be as simple as typing in a keyword and clicking a button in
the privacy of your own home. Internet includes entire libraries of specialized information
and thousands of these are accessible and free of charge to the general public. The
Internet also supports a variety of research techniques and styles. Suppose youre trying to
come up with a topic for a speech you have to deliver. At first, you might want to browse
through a variety of materials to refine your subject area. This process is much like going to
an area in a library and starting to pull books off the shelf, except that on the Internet you
can leap from library to library, following associative links or trains of thought. Once youve
determined the exact subject of your speech, you may need to track down some very
specific information, such as statistics to back up a particular point. This is the age of
information, and success in many fields depends on getting the latest news as quickly as
possible. The Internet provides numerous sources for specialized and updated information.
You may want to subscribe to an electronic mailing list. For instance, you may want to
participate in a newsgroup where specialists in some unusual area of knowledge bring you
the most recent information that you need to know. Because of its scope and speed, the
Internet is by far the most efficient way to make sure you maintain expert status in your little
corner of the information universe. There are Internet services that will help you with
powerful search tools that will look around the Net and quickly find your needle in the
information haystack.
Based on the previous text, choose the best alternative to answer each question. (Items
from 66
to 70)
66) Based on the text, how is the Internet research different from using a library?
It is______________than using a library.
A.
more tedious
B.
more time-consuming
C.
slower
D.
easier
65. How does a newsgroup contribute with peoples field of interest? By keeping
them_____________their field of interest.
A.
bored with
B.
stressed with
C.
updated in
D.
uninformed about
66. According to the text, what should people do to research on the Internet? They
should____________
A.
go through dusty bookshelves
B.
spend lots of time and money
C.
use different techniques
D.
go to public libraries
67. What is the greatest advantage to research on the Internet?
A.
Current information can be reached quickly
B.
Someone else does it for you
C.
It gives you supervision
D.
There are rules that protect you
68. What is the main characteristic of the Internet service?

The main characteristic of the Internet is that information is_____________
A.
controlled
B.
limited
C.
restricted
D.
abundant
Ingles 2013
www.ingeniosocr.com
179:40

FEMALE SURFING COMPETITION IN JACO:
Recently, Lisbeth Vindas, the five-time national female champion since 2001, took first
place in the national surfing contest. On the same day as the Female Open Final Surfing
Competition, Vindas spent nearly two hours taking the national mathematics exam in
Quepos. Lisbeth says, That day I arrived just five minutes before the competition. This
was because the female final competition took place in Jaco, a town located nearly two
hours south of Quepos. Vindas remembers that she was a little distracted that day. She
adds, All I had in my head that day were numbers. In spite of that stressful start, she
celebrated two victories: winning first place in the competition and passing the math exam.
Another outstanding athlete is Nataly Bernold who, at fourteen, became the youngest Costa
Rican female surfing champion to win the national championship in the Open Division. She
also took first place recently in the Junior Female Category. Vindas says that Bernolds
successful championship is good for national surfing, because it shows that Costa Rican
female surfers are placing well in local competitions, and that young local talents are
becoming excellent athletes, ready to compete internationally.
Adapted from The Beach Time Newspaper readings
(Items from 1 to 5)
The text is about two________.
A.
exceptional exams.
B.
national surfing champions.
C.
athletes biographies.
D.
water and indoor sports.
2. Lisbeth Vindas has________five surfing competitions
A.
just participated in
B.
competed in two of
C.
won
D.
lost
3. Bernolds greatest achievement at fourteen was to
A.
be the youngest girl from Jaco
B.
win repeatedly
C.
be better than Lisbeth
D.
become an awarded surfing champion
4. Lisbeth was the_______.
A.
newest surfer in national competitions
B.
best surfer of the Female Open Surfing Competition
C.
winner of the Junior Female Category
D.
smartest math student
5. According to the details given by Vindas, she was________the same day of the surfing
competition
A.
taking the national math exam
B.
changing her career
C.
thinking about not competing any more in surfing
D.
leaving her town

ARTISAN TRADITION IS TURRIALBAS BEST-KEPT SECRET
Turrialba is known for being home to the Pacuare River, whose white-water rafting is hailed
worldwide. But what many dont about Turrialba is that it holds the secrets of tradition art.
Many inhabitants of this town are artisans who craft everything from totem-like sculptures
made out of pejibaye trunk fibers (peach palm tree) to crafted jewelry made of seeds.
Jos Brenes, 49, makes living room sets and small hanging plant pots with bamboo. Having
learned the craft from his uncles, he can be found designing new creations in his home and
workshop - naturally, made of bamboo.
Guillermo Sojo founded the leather workshop which has been part of the landscape of
Turrialbas town center. Now his son, who has been working with leather for 35 years, runs
the workshop. He prides himself on the workshops reputation, as people from all over the
country come here to have sheaths* custom-made for their machetes. This workshop is a
three-man operation. Sojo works alongside his brother, Jorge and his second cousin, Jos
Luis Molina. These craftsmen can make anything from a simple knife cover to an intricately
decorated handmade saddle.
*sheath: a covering that fits closely over something for protection
Adapted from The Tico Times - July 3, 2009, by Monica Quesada
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate alternative to answer each question.
Where does Jorge Sojo work? In a
A.
plant that manufactures furniture
B.
sculpture workshop
C.
family business
D.
shop that makes jewelry
7. Who taught Jos Brenes bamboo techniques?
A.
Some neighbors
B.
His parents
C.
Himself
D.
Some relatives
8. What does Jos Brenes produce?
A.
Peach palm
B.
Crafts made from a plant
C.
Jewelry made of seeds
D.
Leather knife covers
9. Besides leather products, what other craft can we get in Turrialba? Turrialbas craftsmen
are also famous for their__________.
A.
mud pots as well
B.
work on pejibaye jewelry and sculptures
C.
stone handmade craft
D.
innovative machete designs

A UNIQUE DISH:
In some circles, Costa Rican cuisine has the unfortunate reputation for being bland, boring
and uninspired. This is unjustified and unfortunate because there are many traditional
dishes that are authentic and enjoyable. A good way to explore the more interesting and
varied side of Costa Rican cooking is to start with bar food. People dont even have to
commit to a large meal to try them out. However, chifrijo is the king of tico bar food, but it
is served the same way as it was first served. It is the only boca that has had a patent taken
out by its inventor, Miguel ngel Cordero Araya. The name was suggested by one of the
first customers to try it. The art of making this dish lies in its construction. Chifrijo is
made in a bowl as follows:
A foundation of white rice is laid down on the bottom of the bowl.
Next comes a thick layer of cooked savory beans.
Originally red beans were used, but large beans are sometimes used as well.
The beans are crowned with a portion of chicharrn
(small cooked pieces of pork). However, crispy pork skin may also be used.
The meat is then smothered in a chopped blend of tomato, cilantro, onion, sweet pepper
and lime juice known as chimichurri.
Tortilla chips are usually served on the side of the bowl.
Chifrijo itself is not spicy hot, but people are free to turn up the temperature. People will be
offered pickled hot peppers and vegetable, hot sauce, or Tabasco sauce.
By Jackdiv
Adapted from www.ireport.cnn.com
The author chose this recipe to prove that Costa Rican food____________.
A.
is varied and tasty
B.
is simple and mild
C.
is plain
D.
has a bad reputation
11. Chifrijo was born as a_________.
A.
typical dish in Costa Rican homes
B.
main dish to accompany a large meal
C.
creative invention by a customer
D.
small dish in a bar
12. An exceptional fact about chifrijo is that__________.
A.
it was patented by its creator
B.
all ingredients should be mixed in a bowl
C.
the recipe included only two basic ingredients
D.
its basic ingredients are raw
13. Based on the information, the ingredients are___________.
A.
topped with pork skin
B.
layered orderly in a bowl
C.
served in separate plates
D.
served on tortilla chips
14. Read the recipe below.

CARIBBEAN RICE AND BEANS
To make this recipe, you need:
4 cups cooked rice

2 cups cooked beans (red or black eye)
1 garlic clove and a dash of thyme
1 Panamanian hot pepper
1 can of coconut milk
Preparation:
In a large Pyrex, mix rice and beans and a can of coconut milk; also add one garlic clove
and a dash of thyme. For a special taste, add one hot Panamanian pepper. The trick is to
not tear the skin of the pepper when cooking. Bake until the rice and beans absorb all the
liquid and are dry. Rice and Beans taste better if cooked in the oven. Traditionally, red
beans are used to serve this dish with chicken and black beans to serve it with fish.
According to the instructions, you need________the amount of rice than the amount of
beans.
A.
half
B.
one third
C.
triple
D.
double
15. To cook the recipe, first____________the Pyrex.
A.
put the chicken and fish in
B.
add rice and beans to
C.
bake the rice and beans until they dry up in
D.
cook the coconut milk in
16. For tastier Rice and Beans, you should always cook the recipe
A.
in separate Pyrexes
B.
in an oven
C.
with black beans
D.
with chicken
17. The secret of the recipe is to______________________.
A.
serve the dish with chilli
B.
add thyme before serving
C.
be very careful with the garlic
D.
cook the dish with hot Panamanian pepper

TABLE MANNERS
Whether youre eating in a fancy restaurant, in the cafeteria, or at home with friends and
families, good table manners make a more pleasant meal. Some basic table manners must
never be forgotten. Here are some easy-to-follow Dos and Donts.
Table Manners Dos:
Sit properly. Talk about pleasant things.
Place your napkin on your lap.
Wait until everyone is seated before starting to eat.
Use a knife and a fork to cut your meat.
Ask someone to pass the food, rather than reach across the table
Chew with your mouth closed. Dont talk with your mouth full.
Say no thank you if you dont want a certain dish or are full.
Say may I please be excused before leaving the table.
Table Manners Donts:
Dont talk about gross things.
Dont ask for seconds before others have had firsts.
Dont take more than your fair share.
Dont gobble your food. Dont overload your fork or plate.
Dont play at the table. Dont lean on the table.
Dont push your plate away when you are finished.

Taken from www.mtstcil.org/skHls/manners_1.html
At the table guests are expected to________.
A.
place the napkin on their chest
B.
bring their dish
C.
use fork and knife to eat the meat
D.
ask for more food any time
19. Paragraph 1 explains that table manners are
A.
unpractical
B.
unreachable
C.
difficult
D.
mandatory
20. It is considered rude to___________.
A.
allow others to leave the table
B.
push the plate away when done
C.
use proper cutlery all the time
D.
ask someone to pass the food
21. According to the recommendations, a sign of proper behavior is to___________.
A.
ask for permission if you need to leave before others finish
B.
start eating as soon as possible
C.
serve your food all at once
D.
eat whatever the hosts serve

IMPROVE YOUR CHANCES IN NEW YEAR
Among Costa Rican folklore, there are some magical rituals passed through generations to
give your luck a little help for New Year. For example, late at night on Dec. 31, sprinkle a
handful of rice in every corner of your house. The next day, sweep up all the grains with a
new broom and save them in a little bag. The old wives guarantee this will keep food on the
table all year.
Also, wear something yellow on New Years Eve and youre bound to meet your true love in
the year to come. If you already have your true love, it will ensure you good luck throughout
the year, and if you wear something new youll be well dressed all year.
On the other hand, ticos used to ask their friends for 13 cincos before midnight
December 31 to guarantee money all year. The tiny coins are extinct now, but the tradition
lives on using 5.00 coins.
Finally according to the tradition, in January, honey, Santa Lucia will give you money, so
people cut a bouquet of the fuzzy blue or lavander wildflower known as Santa Lucia that
grow on pastures and on roadsides. A bunch of Santa Lucia blossoms in the house on New
Years Day will keep you solvent all year. And if you dry them, wrap them in paper and carry
them in your purse or wallet, youll never find yourself short of cash.
Adapted from The Tico Times
According to tradition, in order to have food all year, people__________-
A.
keep bags of rice in their houses
B.
use to sprinkle rice all over the house
C.
use to sprinkle rice in each corner of the house
D.
sweep carefully every corner of the house
23. If you need a charm to find your true love, you should____________.
A.
keep a bunch of Santa Lucia flowers
B.
wrap some flowers of Santa Luca
C.
use something new on New Years Eve
D.
wear something yellow on December 31
24. People keep wrapped Santa Lucia flowers to____________.
A.
have money all year round
B.
find the true love the coming year
C.
ensure good luck for the year to come
D.
be short of cash the whole year
25. On December 31, people expect to__________by wearing something new.
A.
have enough cash during the new year
B.
be well-dressed the coming year
C.
find money the new year
D.
be lucky and solvent the new year
26. The tradition says that___________.
A.
? asking for 13 cincos after December 31 will ensure you good

luck
B.
you should wait until the New Year to collect Santa Lucia flowers
C.
wearing new clothing on January 1 will ensure you good love
D.
? sweeping the house on New Years Eve will provide you enough
food
27. Read the article below.

DEFORESTATION IN COSTA RICA
Though steps have been taken to conserve Costa Ricas wild places, approximately 20,000
acres of land are deforested annually. Recent approximations indicate that only a quarter of
the original forest cover in Costa Rica is still standing. Half of this is under the protection of
national parks and biological reserves. Indigenous and forest reserves, wildlife refuges, and
privately-owned plots occupy the other half. This is where the biggest problem exists. Laws
are too lenient1 on land that is not considered a national territory, and
recent amendments2 to forestry law makes it even easier to obtain logging3 permits.
There are many reasons for the deforestation that is occurring in Costa Rica. Firstly, logging
companies do not discriminate when deforesting. An entire area will be cleared in order to
extract only one or two profitable species; the rest is left to rot. In addition, roads that
logging companies build to transport trees out of the virgin forests enable the intrusion of
civilization into those forests. Therefore, the clearing of the forest for grazing lands is the
major cause of deforestation. Since the 1950s, about 60% of Costa Rica has been cleared
to make room for cattle ranching. In fact, during the 1960s, the United States offered Costa
Rican cattle ranchers millions of dollars in loans to stimulate beef production. The result
was devastating.
1lenient: not severe
2amendment: change or improvement that is made to a law
3logging: the industry of cutting down trees to be used for buildings, paper, etc
Adapted from http://www.vivacostahca.com/costa-hca-information/costa-hcadeforestation.html
Compared to the past, Costa Ricas deforestation__________.
A.
has decreased
B.
has increased
C.
doesnt exist
D.
remains the same
28. Laws to protect forests in Costa Rica are___________.
A.
not lenient
B.
rigorous
C.
not strong
D.
strict
29. According to paragraph 2, the forest devastation is_______________than is actually
A.
less
B.
more lenient
C.
greater
D.
more controlled
30. The biggest problem of deforestation is centered on____________.
A.
the entire forest reserves
B.
national parks
C.
privately-owned plots
D.
biological reserves
31. The increase in grazing land has__________the forests.
A.
benefitted
B.
ceased
C.
affected
D.
increased

TOURISM IN COSTA RICA
Costa Rica is considered a natural paradise because people can enjoy a great variety of
microclimates and landscapes, from smoking volcanoes and lush tropical jungles
to marvelous beaches, with a diversity of flora and fauna. These natural wonders will j
surprise all national and international travelers. Besides, this extraordinary biodiversity is
complemented by a wide selection of open air activities, ranging from bird watching and
excursions along the beach, where it is possible to dive in crystal I clear waters, take white
water rafting trips, travel through the jungle on foot, and stay in one of the few hostels near
there.
Tortuguero National Park, Irazu Volcano National Park, and Manuel Antonio National j Park
are among the most important natural reserves. In the first park, you can enjoy a boat ride
through the Tortuguero Canal and admire its exuberant tropical vegetation, its species of
tortoises, and its lovely wooden houses painted in vivid colors. Irazu Volcano is located to
the north of Cartago and is one of the most sensational parks in Costa Rica due to its out
of this world lunar landscape that was formed thousands of years ago. Manuel Antonios
natural beauty consists of its three beaches, a tropical jungle with immense rubber plants,
mangrove swamps and the waters of the Pacific, dotted by small rocky islands with rich
marine life.
Adapted from Destinos Magazine readings
Iraz Volcano National Park stands out among others due to__________.
A.
its wide variety of animals
B.
its exotic landscapes
C.
its abundant flora
D.
great number of hostels
33. One of the opportunities that tourists have in Costa Rica is__________.
A.
hiking in the jungle
B.
selling colorful boats
C.
living in wooden houses
D.
to enrich marine life
34. One of the sporting activities that tourists can experience is
A.
visiting the jungle
B.
playing indoor activities
C.
watching turtles
D.
diving
35. The article mentions that Costa Rica is a_____________. .
A.
land with many divers
B.
great place to visit
C.
small country
D.
country with huge rocky islands
36. Tourists will be surprised by Costa Ricas_________.
A.
large number of wooden houses
B.
great amount of visitors
C.
variety of flora and fauna
D.
lack of flora and fauna
37. Tourists will have a great chance to__________in Costa Rica.
A.
swim in private rivers
B.
enjoy a singularly predominant climate
C.
admire wildlife
D.
walk inside the volcano

STUDIES BRING NEW HOPE FOR THE OBESE
Losing weight is an uphill battle. Diet and exercise often fail. Drugs are not very effective.
And in the end, many people suffer for years only to be left with one last and very
expensive resort: surgery. It was the case with Shawn Tarman, who says shed tried
absolutely everything to lose weight. She finally resorted to gastric bypass surgery, a
procedure that shrinks the stomach, and lost over 100 pounds.
In the last decade, bypass surgery and bariatric surgeries have become an acceptable
method for treating morbidly obese*. Obesity can be life threatening, says Dr. Philip
Schauer, president of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery (ASBS). And surgery is
the next best step. Despite this, only 1% of patients who are eligible for surgery actually
get it. Sometimes, people just dont want to undergo a surgical procedure because they are
dissuaded by the insurance companies and are sometimes discouraged by doctors who
feel they may not be the right age for the procedure.
Two new studies show that adolescents and seniors, two age groups that have traditionally
been urged to shy away from bariatric procedures, can actually benefit from surgical
intervention. Another study shows that insurance companies could, at the end, spend less
money by approving bariatric surgery when compared to the life-long cost of obesity. And
the latest piece of science shows that even though patients lose weight, they still need to be
careful around certain indulgences because substances like alcohol have been found to
have an even greater effect after surgery.
*Morbidly obese: an abnormal obese condition induced by disease.
Adapted from Time Magazine -Thursday, June 14, 2007 by Carolyn Sayre
Morbidly obese can be successfully treated with__________.
A.
indulgent alcoholic substances
B.
bariatric procedures
C.
certain common diets
D.
specialized medication
39. People with a bypass surgery__________.
A.
could never exercise
B.
present gastric problems
C.
had successful diets
D.
should avoid liquor
40. Some experts found that__________is a factor to consider when having a surgery.
A.
drug addiction
B.
natural treatment
C.
minor affections
D.
patients age
41. According to the reading,_________surgeries to treat obesity.
A.
more than 1% of adolescents consider
B.
Shawn Tarman rejected
C.
writer Carolyn Sayre is against
D.
ASBS President favors
42. Insurance companies________bariatric surgery.
A.
discontinued using
B.
are very happy with
C.
are supporting
D.
oppose to

HUMAN RIGHTS IN ICELAND
Human rights are certain fundamental freedoms of every human being, regardless of
gender, religion, beliefs, nationality, race, color, wealth, family or other status. The human
rights concept is based on two main values: human dignity and equality. It is the foundation
of freedom, justice and peace in the world.
Important civil rights such as equality, freedom of expression, right to privacy, ownership
and rights to social assistance are protected in the Icelandic Constitution and in the
International Human Rights Conventions ratified by Iceland.
Access to information held by the authorities is granted to the public when certain
conditions are fulfilled. The authorities are under obligation to respond to requests for data
as soon as possible. A refusal can be appealed to the Information Appeals Committee. On
the other hand, strict rules apply to the access and treatment of personal information and
the Data Protection Authority monitors the implementation and enforcement of the law.
It is the right of every person under the Iceland Constitution, to participate in the activities of
political parties and movements and other voluntary organizations and groups of interest
that deal with issues that are important to them.
Adapted from http://en.island.is
Icelanders have the right to_________.
A.
remove governors
B.
access governmental data
C.
refuse laws
D.
suggest new rules
44. Being part of political actions is a right given by the_________.
A.
private organizations
B.
Constitution of Iceland
C.
Information Appeals Committee
D.
Data Protection Authority
45. Dignity and equality are the bases that support_________.
A.
Icelandic society
B.
political parties
C.
human rights
D.
a constitution
46. According to the text, the Icelandic Constitution__________.
A.
conditions civil liberties
B.
searches for more rights
C.
values civil rights
D.
forbids human privileges
47. Icelandics law has severe punishments against_________.
A.
taking active participation in certain groups of interest
B.
attempting to access public records
C.
requesting social assistance
D.
collecting peoples private information

RIGOBERTAS STORY
Rigoberta Menchu became well-known after her first biography, "I, Rigoberta Menchu was
published in 1983 when she was merely 23 years old. Her fame took the world by storm,
however, after she was nominated for and then awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1992,
becoming the youngest person to ever receive the prize.
Her own achievements as an activist in pursuing peace and justice for indigenous and poor
people are all the more remarkable in light of the extremes of poverty and violence that she
suffered when she was a child. By the time she was 21, she had experienced the infamous
known sicknesses in Guatemalan society, a brother had died of malnutrition; also, both of
her parents and a brother had been tortured and killed. However, as she emphasizes
repeatedly in her book, hers is the story of a people. The Nobel Peace Prize that was
awarded to her acknowledged and drew attention to the struggles of the indigenous people
throughout Latin America.
It is also noteworthy that the prize was awarded in 1992, on the 500th anniversary of the
first significant arrival of Europeans to the Americas, and the beginning of a period of
massive death and destruction of the indigenous peoples of the Americas.
Adapted from www.worldtrek.org
Rigoberta Menchu has been______________.
A.
awarded twice with the Nobel Peace Prize
B.
a symbol of rebellion in Latin America
C.
the youngest person to ever receive the Nobel Peace Prize
D.
the first native American to write down a book
49. During Rigobertas childhood, she____________.
A.
suffered from violence and poverty
B.
liked writing about human rights in Guatemala
C.
was tortured and abused
D.
fought against the injustices made by the Europeans
50. According to the text, Rigoberta Menchu was first noticed__________.
A.
the day she obtained the Nobel Prize
B.
when she was 21 years old
C.
before her first brother died
D.
after she published her biography
51. The actual cause of death of Rigoberta Menchus parents was due to___________.
A.
torture and murder
B.
a rare sickness
C.
natural causes
D.
malnutrition
52. In her biographic book, Rigoberta_________.
A.
expresses her resentments mostly against European atrocities
B.
writes about the achievements of civil rights in Guatemala
C.
writes about her life experiences
D.
describes her life after winning a Nobel Peace Prize
53. Rigoberta received the Nobel Peace Prize because she struggled her native Guatemala.
A.
against hunger
B.
for indigenous rights
C.
against indigenous rebellions
D.
for public health

AIBO
AIBO (Artificial Intelligence roBOt), translated from Japanese as partner, is one of several
types of robotic pets designed and manufactured by Sony. There have been several
different models, for users of all ages, since their introduction in 1999. AIBO is able to walk,
"see its environment via camera, and recognize spoken commands. It is considered to be
an autonomous robot, since it is able to learn and mature based on external stimuli from its
owner or environment, or from other AIBOs. Artist Hajime Sorayama created the initial
designs for the AIBO.
On January 26, 2006, Sony announced that it would discontinue AIBO and several other
products as of March 2006. However, AIBO will only be supported until 2013, although its
technology will continue to be developed and used in other consumer products. The Life
AIBOware allows the robot to be raised from pup to fully grown adult while going through
various stages of development as its owner interacts with it. The Explorer AIBOware allows
the owner to interact with a fully mature robot able to understand (though not necessarily
willing to obey) 100 voice commands. Many AIBO owners enjoy teaching their pets new
behavior by reprogramming them.
The AIBO has been used as an inexpensive platform for artificial intelligence research
because it integrates computer, vision system, and articulators in a package vastly cheaper
than conventional recently developed research robots. The RoboCup autonomous soccer
competition has a Sony Four-Legged Robot League in which numerous institutions from
around the world participate. Competitors program a team of AIBO robots to play
autonomous robot soccer games against other competing teams.
Adapted from www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIBO
Based on the previous text, choose the appropriate alternative to complete the sentence or
answer the question. (Items from 56 to 60)
The Japanese word AIBO means __________ in English.
A.
robot
B.
partner
C.
artificial intelligence
D.
mechanical pet
55. What is particular about AIBO? It________. .
A.
is used in studies on advanced artificial intelligence
B.
is more complex than the usual test robots
C.
does not accept software modifications
D.
always follows a written program
56. What other entertainment use was found for AIBO?
A.
For computer games
B.
As a soccer player
C.
For arts design software
D.
As a music player system

MINORITY GROUPS RAISE VOICES ON REFORM
In the debate over improving the health-care system, there are the doctors and nurses, the
insurance companies, and the patients with pre-existing conditions, among others. With so
many interest groups, the conversation is loud and getting louder.
Missing from the noise so far are the voices of minorities, who are disproportionately
represented among the poor and uninsured and could benefit the most from reform. They
symbolize the failures of the current system. Leaders of black and Latino I advocacy groups
say that because so many of their members favor health-care reform, they are becoming
more forceful as the final drafts near, even though they are reluctant to make race and
ethnicity a central issue.
There is a wide racial gap in Americans views on health-care reform, with minorities largely
in favor of changing the system and supportive of President Obamas handling of it. Less
than four out of ten white people, however, share those views, though much of this divide is
probably because of political differences.
In recent weeks, leaders have been emphasizing the fact that blacks and Latinos are more
likely to be uninsured than whites. Black leaders initiated the 880 Campaign, whose name
refers to the deaths of 880,000 black people that would have been prevented if real healthcare reform had been enacted in the last decade.
Adapted from Washington Post - Thursday, October 8, 2009 by Krissah Thompson
According to the text, the health-care system_________.
A.
is unsatisfactory
B.
has full coverage
C.
is collapsing
D.
needs no change
58. It is clear that_________the health-care reform.
A.
most of the white people need
B.
minorities could be most favored with
C.
insurance companies mostly oppose
D.
President Obama disagrees with
59. Black people who support the reform think that__________.
A.
inequality have a positive effect
B.
it could prevent many deaths
C.
Latinos have more health coverage
D.
race is always a sensitive topic
60. Up to the date of the article's publication (October 8, 2009), the reform________.
A.
was already signed
B.
had been approved
C.
was being debated
D.
had been rejected

WHATS FACEBOOK? HOW DOES IT WORK?
Facebook is a social networking site launched in 2004. The free-access website is privately
owned and operated by Facebook, Inc. Users can join networks organized by city,
workplace, school and region to connect and interact with other people. People can also
update their personal profile, add friends and send messages to notify friends about
themselves. Mark Zuckerberg founded Facebook while he was a student at Harvard
University. Website membership was initially limited to Harvard students. It later expanded
further to include any university student, then high school students, and finally to anyone
aged 13 and over. The website currently has more than 120 million active users worldwide.
Facebook has met with some controversy over the past few years. It has been blocked
intermittently in several countries including Syria and Iran. It has also been banned at many
places of work in order to increase productivity. Privacy has also been an issue and it has
been compromised several times.
Taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/facebook
Based on the previous text, choose the appropriate alternative to answer each question.
Whats Facebook? A_________.
A.
website whose membership is limited
B.
website created to increase productivity in work places
C.
site to interact with friends
D.
government launched website
62. What is the purpose of joining Facebook? To_________.
A.
publish papers
B.
catch up with old and new friends
C.
keep your privacy
D.
upload school assignments
63. What might be at risk when using Facebook?
A.
Membership
B.
Privacy
C.
Fun
D.
Entertainment
64. How has Facebook been received in some countries? It has__________.
A.
been welcome
B.
increased their work production
C.
been accepted by the governments
D.
been rejected
Ingls 2014
Ingenioso 2014
www.ingeniosocr.com
179:41
Marque con un clic la opcin correcta.
Mostrar preguntas de una en una

CLIMBING MT. KOSCIUSZKO
Mt. Kosciuszko is located in Australia within the borders of a National park. It is one of the
Seven Summits of the world, a list that includes the highest mountain of each continent. For
Costa Rican climber Ginet Soto, who is preparing to face the challenges of the Everest, Mt.
Kosciuszko was the fifth of the summits she climbed. This is her story:
The hike of Mt. Kosciuszko is both straightforward and beautiful. The park is well cared for
and the surroundings are peaceful. Most of my climbing experiences have been hard and
stressful, but this trip was relaxing and enjoyable. The weather was windy but there was no
rain or snow. I summited* at 11:15 a.m. on March 28, 2007. As is my tradition, I took my
Costa Rican flag out for a photo. My friends Tony and Collette celebrated the
accomplishment with me. After some time at the top, we descended, anxious to properly
celebrate another summit conquered: One more, one less to go.
Although Kosciuszko did not have the obstacles and dangers of other mountains I have
climbed, I never assumed that success was certain. Mountains make their own weather and
they should always be respected, regardless of their size. Many climbers have taken
Kosciuszko for granted only to be sadly turned back by unexpectedly difficult weather
changes.
We returned to the Sydney area and traveled to the beautiful Blue Mountains Park to see
the famous Three Sisters. We also hiked around and enjoyed all the beauty the park has to
offer.
*to summit: to reach the peak of a mountain
Adapted from http://ginethsoto. comAvelcome-to-ginethsotocom/kosciuszko
(Items from 1 to 5)
To Ginet Soto, climbing Kosciuszko was __________________________________.
A.
something she did only for fun
B.
the last climb of her career.
C.
one of a series of training exercises
D.
the first climbing experience she had
2.
The author of the passage is actually ________________________.
A.
an amateur hiker
B.
a dedicated naturist
C.
a professional climber
D.
an Australian tourist
3.
Kosciuszko is ____________________________.
A.
within the borders of Sidney
B.
known as the Blue Mountain
C.
the tallest mountain in Australia
D.
a large city park located in Sidney
4. Read the following expression:

One more, one less to go.
According to context in paragraphs 1 and 2, the expression above means that
"_________________"
A.
descending is the real challenge
B.
Kosciuszko is less difficult than other mountains
C.
each summit takes her closer to her final goal
D.
there is only one more summit left
5.
The author thinks that ___________________.
A.
Three Sisters has the most obstacles and dangers
B.
descending Blue Mountain Park is great
C.
climbing to Sidney is an easy job
D.
each mountain has characteristics to be taken into accoun
6. Read the text bellow.

BORUCA INDIGENOUS CRAFTS: BALSA MASKS
These masks are made from Balsa wood. The mask is carved over a period of 2 to 3 days
and hand painted by the artisan in another 2 to 3 days with the intricate designs and using
traditional styles and colors. Each one is unique.
There are 2 different themes, one that is scary in appearance and the other showing
ecological elements. Those that have the scary appearance are the traditional masks. They
are made to look sinister and frightening because the original purpose of the masks was to
scare away invaders. Those with an ecological theme depict a small mask face and
beautiful birds, animals, and elements of nature consistent with the Borucas connection
with the natural world.
The traditional masks are used every year in a festival called the "Baile de los
Diablitos or Festival del Cagru. Many of the men dress up as diablitos to represent
ancestral spirits, and fight against a bull which represents the Conquistadors.
Hundreds of spectators including foreign visitors and also locals attend this grand festival.
However, only local men who have carved their own masks are allowed to participate in the
fight. All the masks are made entirely by hand with passion, creativity and dedication of
each Borucan artisan. Each one is personally signed and dated by the artisan that created
it.
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate option to answer each question, (items 6
to 10)
What was the first use that indigenous people had intended for their masks? To
________________________.
A.
attract evil
B.
frighten enemies
C.
celebrate a festival
D.
connect with nature
7.
How long does it take for a mask to be entirely finished? _____________________ days.
A.
Only two
B.
Around six
C.
From 2 to 3
D.
Almost three
8.
Who can participate in the Baile de los Diablitos?
A.
Any one that buys a mask
B.
Men who made their own mask
C.
Borucan couples wearing a mask
D.
Foreigners dressed up as diablitos"
9.
What identifies each mask individually? Their _______________.
A.
sinister look
B.
theme
C.
colorful designs
D.
signature and date
10.
How do the Borucans manifest their communion with nature? Through their masks by
______________________.
A.
including wildlife elements in their creations
B.
using recyclable materials
C.
allowing only local people to wear the masks
D.
scaring away foreigners

COOKING IDEAS FOR EASY MEALS
Always keep some chicken breasts in the freezer. Chicken is versatile because you can cut
chicken breasts and potatoes into strips, and fry or bake them for quick and easy chicken
fingers and French fries. Or you can let the oven do all of the work for you by simply
seasoning a whole or cut-up chicken, putting it in the oven, and setting the timer. For side
dishes, bake rolls that are ready in minutes and make a salad or prepare frozen vegetables
that cook quickly in the microwave. Another time-saving technique is to bake or boil a
chicken ahead of time, take all the meat off the bone, and refrigerate it so it will be ready to
go. Then, throughout the week, you have saved several minutes of cooking time when
making chicken and rice, barbecued chicken pizza, chicken lasagna or chicken chili.
Appetizer Meal
Break tradition and create a tasty meal free of a main course by preparing an appetizer
meal. Instead of making a main dish along with side dishes, create an assortment of small
appetizers for all the family members to select. Prepare cut veggies, fruits and dips along
with canaps, finger sandwiches, and bite-sized wraps. Lay all of the appetizing options out
on the table and allow people to pick and choose their favorites. This type of meal is
particularly appropriate if everyone in the family intends to view a sporting event or movie
during dinner time.
Adapted from http://www.ehow.com/list_6458415jBasy-daUy-mealideas.htmMixzz1cg0ezueg
(Items 11 to 15)
Chicken is considered versatile because it _______________________________.
A.
can be easily prepared in different ways
B.
is mainly cooked with potatoes
C.
takes long to bake
D.
is hard to cut
12.
A fast way to prepare a dish is to ____________________.
A.
cook in advance and refrigerate it
B.
save and cook the bones before serving them
C.
begin some minutes before fixing it
D.
refrigerate the bones of the chicken ahead of time
13.
The text gives ideas to __________________ when fixing food.
A.
save time
B.
make chicken tastier
C.
make French fries
D.
spend time
14.
People can prepare alternative meals by ________________________.
A.
serving a variety of small portions of food
B.
making a main dish with side dishes
C.
making big sandwiches
D.
allowing the family members cook by themselves
15.
Preparing appetizers is a good idea when the whole family
_______________________________.
A.
goes to a restaurant
B.
gathers to enjoy a big breakfast
C.
meets to watch sports game
D.
plans a formal dinner at home
16. Read the recipe below

HOW TO MAKE PUPUSAS
Pupusas are a traditional food from El Salvador. They are made of thick tortilla- type dough
filled with cheese, and sometimes pork rind.
Ingredients:
2 cups corn flour (preferably fresh)
1 cup warm water
1 cup refried beans
1 cup soft white cheese, grated
Pork rind or seasoned pork meat (optional)
Vegetable or olive oil
Pour the flour into a mixing bowl. Then gradually stir in water until the dough forms a ball. It
should not crack at the edges when you press down on the lump of dough. Divide the
dough into about eight pieces. Roll each into a ball, and then press a hole into each ball
with your thumb. Place a spoonful of beans and a small handful of cheese into the center of
each pupusa, as well as pork rind or seasoned meat, if you like. Then flatten the dough with
the filling inside. Flatten the dough between your palms. Your dough should be about half
an inch thick.
Heat the skillet on medium-high heat and then add a little oil. Cook pupusas for about 2
minutes on each side, until they turn golden brown. The outside should be firm, not doughy.
Cook them one at a time, and set them on a covered plate to keep warm until you are
finished cooking them all.
Serve warm, and eat by hand. Pupusas are traditionally served with tomato salsa and
"curtido", which is a special kind of cabbage salad.
Adapted from http://www.howtodothings.com, by Megan McFarland
Based on the previous recipe, choose the appropriate alternative to answer each question.
What is used for the filling in the recipe? Its necessary to use ________________ at all
times.
A.
corn flour
B.
fresh pork rind
C.
tomato and cabbage
D.
cheese and beans
17.
What is the final step in making the pupusa? It has to be ____________________on a
skillet.
A.
fried
B.
cooked
C.
roasted
D.
baked
18.
What element is used as an alternative for the preparation of pupusas?
A.
Enriched flour
B.
Brown sugar
C.
Vegetables
D.
Pork meat
19.
What ingredients are unnecessary to make pupusas? The ____________________.
A.
grated cheese
B.
dairy goods
C.
spices
D.
fresh flour

HOW TO TEACH TABLE MANNERS TO CHILDREN
When teaching table manners to children, it is essential to explain to them the importance
of good table manners. Teach them that displaying proper etiquette shows others that you
are
respectful and also stress that exhibiting good table manners shows that you are obedient
and enjoy getting along with others. A good way is to provide appropriate examples of how
using bad manners can show immaturity or recklessness. Set a positive example with your
actions, and take advantage of opportunities to demonstrate proper eating habits in both
private and public situations. This helps show that proper dining etiquette is not
unattainable and that you are able to follow your own rules.
It is important to confront bad habits directly. With the kids, make a list of the most common
offenses so that you encourage openness and keep the mood light. Examples may include
talking with a mouth full of food, frowning at unfamiliar dishes and roughhousing* at the
table. This helps kids form concrete opinions about acceptable and unacceptable
behaviors. While making real-time corrections to table manners is appropriate, avoid
embarrassing the offender when doing so.
Finally, discuss good table manners with the kids. Ensure that kids know what to do while
eating instead of merely knowing what is forbidden. Guide kids throughout the entire dining
process, which includes teaching about proper hand washing, using of utensils
appropriately, encouraging polite mealtime conversation, and providing positive
reinforcement to follow standards without being too rigid or resorting to physical
punishment.
*roughhousing: to play in a rough and noisy way
Adapted from www.ehow.com
The article suggests that parents should ________________.
A.
avoid correcting misbehaviors at the moment they happen
B.
discuss good table behavior with their children
C.
tolerate some misbehavior at the table
D.
make children feel uncomfortable when misbehaving
21.
Parents should not ____________________________.
A.
teach kids table manners in public
B.
correct the kid at the moment of misbehavior
C.
teach through example
D.
teach rigorous table manners to children
22.
Based on the reading, it is important for parents to _________________________.
A.
take any situation for teaching table manners
B.
take embarrassing situations to teach good habits
C.
confront children roughly at the table
D.
provide positive reinforcement to physical punishment
23.
Parents need to correct misbehavior _________________________.
A.
at the moment that it happens
B.
with physical punishment
C.
by focusing on what is forbidden
D.
with the kid privately

THOUSANDS CELEBRATE IN THE STREETS OF SANTA CRUZ
Tens of thousands descend on the folkloric town of Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, to participate
on one of the regions biggest annual fiestas. This traditional celebration lasts five days and
has become very popular among Costa Ricans. It begins with a religious procession and
fireworks, with hundreds of worshippers accompanying an image of the crucified Christ,
known as Santo Cristo de Esquipulas. The procession goes through the main streets of
Santa Cruz to honor the patron saint. The main participants last year were Liberias
National Band and many devotees known as the Indios Promesanos. It is a representation
of the indigenous people who gathered to offer their vows to the holy image; a tradition full
of symbolism, with distinctive dresses and dances.
The origin of the Santo Cristo de Esquipulas is unclear; however, the worship of the image
of the crucified Christ spread throughout Central America and Mexico. The Santo Cristo de
Esquipulas is strongly associated with healing and curative powers. The most popular
activities are bull fights, folk-dancing, marimba bands, a variety of other musical acts,
traditional food and handicrafts sales. The President of the Red Cross in Santa Cruz, Pedro
Castro said that the event went well with the support of various Red Cross services given
by 85 paramedics, nurses and volunteers. Alfonso Garca Campos, a medical emergency
officer of the Red Cross, said that during the five days they attended 182 patients, 72 of
whom had injuries resulting from the bullring. They also attended nine road accidents,
including a motorcyclist killed during the last celebration.
Based on the text, choose the correct alternative that answers each question (items 24 to
28).
According to the text, who are the devotees? Mostly a group ______________________.
A.
from the clergy
B.
from the National Band
C.
Central American visitors
D.
of native people
25.
What is the origin of the Santo Cristo de Esquipulas?
A.
It is known by tens of thousands.
B.
Everybody knows how it appeared.
C.
It originated precisely in Mexico.
D.
There is no way to say.
26.
How does the traditional celebration start? With ___________________.
A.
folk-dancing and marimba bands
B.
some musical acts
C.
bull fights
D.
a religious procession and fireworks
27.
Where does the Costa Rican procession of Santo Cristo d Esquipulas take place
traditionally?
A.
In a Guanacaste town
B.
Through the main streets of all Costa Rican towns
C.
Out of Central American countries
D.
In a Guatemalan Church
28.
Who was in charge of the participants health in the last Esquipulas celebration?
A.
182 injured patients
B.
85 dedicated people
C.
10 thousand religious promesanos
D.
72 devoted paramedics

THE FIRST CERTIFIED CARBON NEUTRAL COFFEE
The eight hundred members of COOPEDOTA are the first to export their beans with carbon
neutral international certification. The cooperative is located in the southeastern region of
the province of San Jos in the foothills of the mountains surrounding the Central Valley. It
is known around the world for exporting high quality coffee.
Now, the cooperative has earned a carbon neutral certification through standard PAS2060
from the British Standards Institution.
The cooperative actions that led to this recognition began in 1998, when they reduced 40%
of the standard energy consumption at the coffee industrial plant and eliminated the
discharge waste water into the community rivers.
In 2009, the association set the goal of achieving zero net emissions of greenhouse gases.
For 18 months, they worked with consultants from Earth University, Peace Corps and Yale
University graduates to measure the carbon footprint and establish a management strategy.
By applying this strategy, the cooperative was able to compensate for the emissions of the
greenhouse gases associated with the life cycle of coffee (production, process,
transportation and sale) to reach zero net emissions.
Besides an additional market from importers who promote environmental protection,
COOPEDOTA will be a model for the whole coffee production sector.
Taken from La Nacin. March 14, 2011
COOPEDOTA is located ________________________.
A.
in the outskirts of San Jos city
B.
in the mountains bordering the Central Valley
C.
at the top of a mountain range
D.
in a high and steep hill
30.
COOPEDOTA carbon neutral certification _____________________________.
A.
might benefit COOPEDOTA members
B.
is the result of great efforts to protect the environment
C.
took a short time to be reached
D.
was simple to achieve
31.
COOPEDOTA was already recognized in the world ___________________________.
A.
for its hardworking farmers
B.
as a large agricultural area in Costa Rica
C.
for producing and selling excellent coffee
D.
for exporting carbon neutral coffee
32.
The first step to achieve carbon neutral coffee was to _________________________.
A.
reach zero net emissions of greenhouse gases
B.
set a strategy to manage carbon footsteps
C.
hire consultants from Earth University
D.
spend less energy at the coffee industrial plant
33.
Zero net emissions of greenhouse gases are reached when
__________________________.
A.
drained water is released into rivers
B.
gases are discharged in the atmosphere
C.
the life cycle of coffee is reduced
D.
gases are diminished and neutralized

AN UNFORGETTABLE EXPERIENCE
Poas Volcano National Park is located in Alajuela Province and was established in 1971.
The park protects 16,000 acres and contains one of the active volcanoes in Costa Rica.
This area is fun to explore as the main crater is 290 meters deep and there are two other
smaller craters. The main one has the most activity and a beautiful green-blue lagoon in the
middle which is created from rainwater mixed with volcanic minerals. The hiking trails
around the craters are well defined and sometimes wind through flora typical of this area.
Local birds and small animals can be observed.
The main crater is not known for having frequent lava flows. The last major eruption was
during the 1950s when it erupted several times over a two year period. Poas Volcano has a
misty feel to it as the clouds nearly always hover over it. The two other craters are known
as Botos and Von Frantzuis. Botos has not experienced an eruption in the last 7,000 years.
It has a beautiful bright green colored lake in the middle. Von Frantzuis is an extinct crater
that provides for beautiful scenery. Unlike many other Costa Rica parks, Poas Volcano
National Park does not have a large variety of plants and wildlife but there are definitely
some present.
Located in a mixture of rainforest and cloud forest, the weather in Poas Volcano National
Park is fairly predictable because of its stability. Expect warm early afternoons and cool and
damp conditions in the morning and late afternoons. Daytime temperatures average around
24 C with night time lows averaging 14 C. The most consistent rain is experienced
between the months of May through November, with the heaviest rains September through
November.
Adapted from www.entercostarica.com
(Items from 35to 39)
Based on the reading, the climate at the park _________________________________.
A.
experiences heavy rains at the beginning of the year
B.
is stable throughout the year
C.
is changeable all year-round
D.
experiences hot mornings from September to November
35.
The main crater of the park has _____________________________.
A.
damaged the surrounding flora of the park
B.
been inactive for 7,000 years
C.
been active since its last eruption in the 50s
D.
a bright green lagoon in the center
36.
Tourists should not expect to __________________________________.
A.
visit the park from September to November
B.
find trails around the park
C.
hike around the park
D.
see abundant fauna and flora
37.
At the park, early afternoons get _____________________________.
A.
warmer than the mornings
B.
cloudy and warm close to the main crater
C.
cooler than the mornings
D.
as warm as the late afternoon
38.
Poas National Park experiences ________________________________.
A.
constant eruptions from two different craters
B.
an increasing number of visitors from May to November
C.
a period of heavy-rains for three months
D.
continuous heavy rains throughout the year

FLU VIRUS LABELED PANDEMIC BY W.H.O.
As the number of Influenza A (H1N1) flu cases increased ir Costa Rica and other countries
last year, the World Health Organization (W.H.O.) declared the worldwide situation a
pandemic.
Based on the viruss international reach, the ease of its spread and the inability to predict its
path, the organization raised its health alert to a level 6 on Thursday.
The virus is contagious, spreading easily from one person to another and from one country
to another, said Margaret Chan, general director of the World Health Organization. As of
today, nearly 30,000 confirmed cases have been reported in 74 countries. On the basis of
available evidence, the scientific criterion for an influenza pandemic has been met, she
added.
Since it was first detected in the neighborhoods of Mexico City in mid-March, the virus has
made its way to nearly every continent and has caused 144 deaths. In Costa Rica, of the
more than 2,000 people examined, there are currently 104 confirmed cases, one death, and
10 likely cases awaiting testing. Symptoms of the virus include fever, headache, cough,
sore throat, body aches and fatigue. Health officials recommend contacting medical
personnel if you are experiencing symptoms and/or have been in contact with known cases.
Tico Times Staff clong@ticotimes.net, by Chrissie Long
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate option to complete each sentence. (Items
from 40 to 44)
The World Health Organization labeled this outbreak of H1N1 Influenza a pander because
____________________________.
A.
it has spread in many different countries
B.
Costa Rica reached the hundred cases
C.
there were a total of 144 deaths
D.
they had the evidence of transmission
40.
The word pandemic applies with H1N1 virus because __________________________.
A.
people have died
B.
the virus affects the whole family
C.
it multiplies rapidly across territories
D.
of the number of people sick in Mexico City
41.
Costa Rica has reported _________________ infected people so far.
A.
more than one hundred
B.
more than two thousand
C.
less than ten
D.
only seventy-four
42.
The criterion used to raise the current for virus alert to level 6 was the
_____________________.
A.
symptoms of the disease
B.
ability of the virus to spread around the world
C.
number of deaths
D.
health official recommendation
43.
The virus passes from a sick person to others ________________________.
A.
if the person has a common cold
B.
if the person is in isolation
C.
in an easy way
D.
on rare occasions

SCOPES AND LIMITS OF AUTHORITY
When we talk about privilege, duty, power, and boundaries, we use the term scope and
limits. By scope we mean how far the authority extends, or how much authority can be
exercised. By limits we mean the boundaries set up to make sure that authority is not
misused.
In democratic countries, even the president must honor the scope and limits of the position.
For example, in the U.S.A., the president has the power and the duty to enforce the law.
The president, however, has limits on his or her power. For instance, the president cannot
declare a war because that is the job of the Congress. Most presidents in the world cannot
spend the taxpayers money without the approval of their congress, and so on.
The people who wrote the Constitution wanted to make sure that the president, members of
the Congress, and judges had enough power to carry out their duties. They were also
concerned about a possible abuse of power. For that reason, the Constitution limits the
power of all the branches of the government.
Based on the text, choose the correct option answer each question or complete each
sentence, (items 45 to 49).
How does a democratic country control the use of power? By _______________________.
A.
improving the Congress power
B.
increasing the presidents authority
C.
using the judges authority
D.
writing a constitution with defined power limits
45.
Which government entity authorizes a president to spend taxes?
A.
The President himself
B.
The Congress
C.
The Constitution
D.
People who wrote the Constitution
46.
Why does the Constitution give more power to certain positions? Because some of the
government positions ________________________. .
A.
misuse authority
B.
require power to fulfill their duties
C.
have unlimited power
D.
require the abuse of power
47.
In a democratic society, who has the power to declare war on another country?
A.
The people of the Constitution
B.
People who are concerned about the abuse of power
C.
The Congress of that nation
D.
The President of that country
48.
In a democratic government, the president ________________________.
A.
can accommodate the limits or restrictions of authority
B.
can extend his/her authority without reserves
C.
has unlimited power
D.
has certain limits of power

IT'S NOT JUST WHAT WE MAKE; IT'S WHAT WE MAKE POSSIBLE
We are much more than micro chips. That is why we hire a wide variety of people; from
engineers to business administrators, from software developers to designers. At Intel, you
will find all types of disciplines, even yours.
Job search
Are you passionate about technology? Then explore our database using your career criteria
(job function, location, code, keywords, etc.). Apply for each job that matches your interest.
If you are a new candidate, create a profile containing your personal information. No
matches? We recommend creating a candidate profile so you can be considered for future
job opportunities. For individuals with disabilities seeking assistance with the application
process, see our Accommodations section.
Candidates profile
Use our web-based tools to create your candidate profile, so Intel recruiters can quickly and
efficiently match your skills and experience with open positions.
New Candidate
Please register and create your candidate profile. Protected with a username and password
that you define, your profile remains active for 12 months. We will send you an email to
confirm that you successfully submitted your profile. To meet Intels legal requirements, we
will retain your information for three years. However, your information will only remain active
for consideration for one year from the time you submit or update your profile.
Adapted from Intel's Worldwide Candidate Privacy Policy
Employment opportunities at Intel ____________________________.
A.
open yearly
B.
include yearly opportunities for everybody
C.
might match many candidate profiles
D.
are for software developers specifically
50.
Looking for a job at Intel implies that candidates, should first of all
________________________.
A.
meet Intels legal requirements
B.
search Intels web page
C.
email an application
D.
have a professional degree
51.
All applicants information will be _______________________ at Intel.
A.
deleted after 12 months
B.
discarded after three years
C.
kept active indefinitely
D.
delivered personally to you
52.
If you have a disability, ___________________________________.
A.
job offers will be considered in the future
B.
you must find someone to help you
C.
please submit your information personally
D.
go to a specific area in the site
53.
You will receive a message _______________________ your profile.
A.
to thank you for the information in
B.
of satisfaction for
C.
confirming success in submitting
D.
if we approve

ALTERNATIVES TO REDUCE WATER CONSUMPTION
Some very ingenious inventors have designed alternatives to reduce water consumption.
Here are some creative solutions:
Toilet washer: The idea is that the water from the washing machine is used to flush the
toilet, rather than wasting fresh water to flush the toilet.
Supertank Slimline Rainwater Tank: This rainwater tank was designed by 2 architects
with the purpose of saving water and space without sacrificing aesthetics. Each holds 400
liters of water that can be used for watering plants, flushing the toilet, or washing the car.
This tank can also replace walls in a home, which speeds up construction and saves on
material.
A detergent-free dishwasher: It is a solution to washing dishes with little or no detergent.
The system is very simple: The tiles of the Ecobag generate long distance negative infrared
ions, which weaken the adherence of dirt, leaving the dishes clean. It maintains a PH
similar to that of the chemical detergents which neutralize grease. It eliminates fungi,
pathogenic organisms and unpleasant smells. This product can also be used in washing
machines to wash laundry. This helps to keep the wastewater contaminant-free and ready
for use in such activities as watering plants without need for prior treatment.
Adapted from Utopia Magazine, Mayo 2009
All the devices mentioned in the information above __________________________.
A.
avoid the consumption of water
B.
weaken the adherence of dirt
C.
decrease the consumption of water
D.
eliminate fungi
55.
It is inferred from the text that the Supertank __________________________.
A.
needs little detergent
B.
is similar to the dishwasher
C.
collects water from rain
D.
is used to wash dishes
56.
The dishwasher without detergent ___________________________.
A.
pollutes the water
B.
needs a lot of detergent
C.
needs a prior treatment of water
D.
makes bad odors disappear
57. Read the text below and choose the appropriate option to complete each sentence, (item
from 61 to 63).
LIGHTWAVE COMMUNICATIONS
The making of glass is a very old industry-at least 4,500 years old. Glass has many
qualities and it is frequently being used in new ways.
One of the new uses for glass is in communication. Scientists have developed glass fibers
as thin as a human hair which are designed to carry light signals.
The light is first controlled with electrical signals which encode the messages to be sent by
telephone.
Called lightwave communication, the new system was used successfully in an experiment
in Chicago in 1977.
During the experiment, two glass fibers were able to carry 672 conversations at the same
time.
The lightwave cable, containing 144 glass fibers, has the capacity to carry 50,000
conversations at the same time.
Todays modern and faster lightwave communication system has two important advantages.
First, the cables have less diameter and weight than copper.
Second, cables made of glass fibers use less space, and they cost less than copper.
Perhaps it can be said that telephone communication has entered the age of light.
Taken from Science Vistas
We learn from the reading that __________________________.
A.
light sends messages by telephone
B.
glass fiber is almost 4,500 years old
C.
glass fibers carry light signals
D.
glass industry is really new
58.
Lightwave technology requires _____________________________.
A.
electrical signals
B.
costfy cables
C.
copper
D.
human hair
59.
Modern telephone communications are faster because they
_____________________________.
A.
use less space
B.
use electricity
C.
rely on light signals
D.
require copper cables

TERIBES QUEST
By TCRN Staff
The community museum in the Terraba Indian Territory and its library are of great relevance
to the locals, allowing young people access to documents needed for their education.
They also aim to preserve the cultural values and promote the identity of its people.
Unfortunately, the Council of Elders member and manager of the Teribe museum reports
that acts of vandalism and threats by both indigenous and non-Teribe people are becoming
more frequent. As he says, We are fighting for indigenous rights, land and especially,
autonomy. Five or six years ago we re-took land and since then, the threats have been
constant.
The last incident, a fire in the museum, occurred during a Teribe Cultural Encounter, which
brought together local representatives and a delegation of indigenous Teribes of Panama. A
complaint was filed against the suspects on the same day.
For the Ombudsman*, a more assertive dialogue between government authorities and the
indigenous peoples needs to be reached. It can contribute to further understanding in an
area where 85% of the land is owned by non-indigenous. Other incidents that have been
reported include violence in schools, violence in the church, insults on the buses, etc.
*Ombudsman: An independent officer of the Legislature who investigates complaints from
the public about government services.
Adapted from http://thecostaricanews.com/14773
(Item 65)
What is the Ombudsmans main concern about the events? The
________________________.
A.
daily complaints
B.
need of dialogue
C.
violence in schools
D.
insults on buses

BRIT EARNS HIGH HONOR FOR WORK WITH KIDS
After an intense soccer game, children gather, play and laugh around Keith Holder, a British
missionary who has spent 20 years in Costa Rica.
They are from La Verbena de Alajuelita, one of the poorest neighborhoods in San Jos. For
a couple of hours, the children get to forget about the abject poverty
they live in and play a game they love at a Christian center in Alajuelita.
After working in some of Costa Ricas most dangerous and poorest areas, Holder is used to
the everyday reality of poor neighborhoods.
After every match, the children pile into his car and he takes them back to their homes.
Holder is the founder of Education Plus, a Christian nonprofit organization that works with
children
who are at risk of falling over the precipice into a world of addiction, crime and violence.
For his work with disadvantaged children in Costa Rica, Holder was recently inducted as a
Member of the Order of the British Empire, a high honor awarded by the British monarch for
outstanding community service. His path toward knighthood1 started 20 years ago when
he joined a missionary society called Latin Link in England. Then, he went to Peru for his
first service in missionary work. He came to Costa Rica with the objective of getting to kids
before they end up on the streets. While the situation for many of Holders kids is dire2, he
hopes that sports will help children build personal relationships. As he says, we want them
to break the cycle and make their own choices.
1
knighthood: recognition by the United Kingdom in reward to personal achievements
dire: very bad or serious
Adapted from The Tico Times August 5, 2011
The children that Mr. Holder has been working with come from
_______________________________.
A.
his mission in Peru
B.
different poor areas of San Jos
C.
a Christian community in San Jos
D.
a poor neighborhood in Alajuelita
62.
In Costa Rica, Keith Holder has _______________________________.
A.
helped 20-year old street kids
B.
founded the organization called Latin Link
C.
worked with disadvantaged children for 20 years
D.
taught in different slum areas of San Jos
63.
After every soccer game, Mr. Holder _______________________________.
A.
talks about the childrens poor conditions
B.
teaches children Christian principles
C.
talks to the children about violence and drugs
D.
takes the kids back to their houses
64.
As a missionary, Keith Holder first _________________________.
A.
founded an organization in England
B.
traveled to work in Peru
C.
went to work to Costa Rica
D.
worked closely with the English monarch
65.
Through sports, Mr. Holder expects to _______________________________.
A.
make children face their poverty positively
B.
teach children the value of individualism
C.
end the poor conditions that affect children
D.
strengthen personal relationships among children
Ingls 2015
Ingenioso 2016
www.ingeniosocr.com
179:43
Marque con un clic la opcin correcta.
Mostrar preguntas de una en una

THE SURF CHAMPIONSHIP IN COSTA RICA
The Surf Championship in Esterillos had an exceptional beginning, thanks to the Costa
Rican participants who demonstrated great abilities and confidence on the surfboard.
One of the male Costa Rican participants, 18-year-old Giovanni Perini, who is from
Tamarindo, is a ranked surfer that competes nationally. He also studies at the university.
Also, 16-year-old Jason Torres from Jac demonstrated confidence in his maneuvers. He
won the Under-16 Boys category and also performed well in the opening competition. As a
matter of fact, he impressed Jeffry Rojas, the head judge, reaffirming his spot on the Costa
Rican Junior Team.
The best news of the Surf Championship weekend is the increase in the number of new
female competitors, such as Laura Pecora from Pavones, Maria del Mar from Playa
Hermosa, Brooks Wilson from Tamarindo and Andrea-Diaz.
Judge Rojas said; Brooks was surfing with power, control and speed. Furthermore, Rojas
was also impressed by Diazs return to competition after taking a year off to have a baby.
She looked like she had never left. The great thing about her is that she is not scared and
she goes after it, always, said Rojas.
The start of the competition was_____________________________due to the Ticos

performance.
A.
ordinary
B.
common
C.
excellent
D.
average
2. A participant who came in first place in one of the categories

was_______________________________
A.
Diaz
B.
Perini
C.
Wilson
D.
Torres
3. Geovanni Perini is a surfer who competes______________________________
A.
in academic contests
B.
in Costa Rica
C.
at the university
D.
out of Costa Rica
4. After taking a year off,______________________returned to surfing.
A.
Brooks Wilson
B.
Maria del Mar
C.
Andrea Diaz
D.
Laura Pecora
5. The increase of ________________________competitors was a positive aspect of the

championship.
A.
underage
B.
male
C.
amateur
D.
female
6. ART IN SAN JOSE

San Jos is Costa Rica's heart of art and culture. It features several cultural places. In order
to visit them, no transportation means is needed because they are located really close to
each other. Tourists may explore this city by joining the Art City Tour or for a full schedule of
art and cultural events for the month, they can pick up a free copy of the book GAM
Cultural, which is available at the city's shops and galleries. Below are some places where
you can enjoy art and historic architecture.
--- Ee: This castle-like shop stocks mostly the work of Costa Rican artists and designers,
including jewelry, clothing, shoes, interior design objects, and artwork.
--- Kal & Kiosco: This contemporary place houses a shop and an art gallery, which
promote the work of local artists and designers. Findings here include women's clothing and
accessories, illustrations, art magazines, and books.
--- Teatro Nacional: Even if you do not have tickets for a show, you can still visit the theater
during the day to admire the art in the lobby, browse the gift shop, and have a snack in the
lobby caf.
--- Museo del Jade y de la Cultura Precolombina: The museum exhibits a full collection of
around 7000 pieces of jade, ceramics, and stone artifacts, which dates back from 500 B.C.
to 1500 A.D.
Adapted from: Chesnut, M. The creative side of Costa Rica. June 24th 2015.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mark-chesnut/the-creative-side-of-cost_b_5520169.html
How do visitors move from one cultural place to another in San Jos?
They_________________________.
A.
need to rent a car
B.
walk short distances
C.
walk for a long time
D.
have to get a taxi
7. What is GAM Cultural?
A.
An Art City Tour card
B.
An expensive magazine
C.
A tourist guide publication
D.
A national newspaper
8. Where can people buy interior decoration items?

At____________________. .
A.
Museo del Jade y de la Cultura Precolombina
B.
Kal & Kiosco
C.
Teatro Nacional
D.
Ee
9. Which place offers food and art options in the same building?
A.
Ee
B.
Kal & Kiosco
C.
Teatro Nacional
D.
Museo del Jade
10. Which place displays the oldest pieces of art?
A.
Teatro Nacional
B.
Museo del Jade y de la Cultura Precolombina
C.
Ee
D.
Kal & Kiosco
11. THE CARIBBEAN CUISINE

The Caribbean cuisine is very well recognized in Limn and all over the country due to the
mastery in the preparation of delicious dishes. Rich condiments and ingredients
characteristic of the African legacy are combined with the flavors of different regions in
order to obtain an exquisite mix. The traditions have been transmitted from one generation
to another, and still the youngest generations know and maintain the traditional and
authentic flavor of their meals.
Traveling to Limn and not tasting its delights is like not going there at all. In order to try the
true Limn's taste you must have a rondn, rice and beans, pati, and the agua de sapo,
which is a refreshment prepared with lemon juice, molasses (a dark brown syrup produced
during the refining of sugar), ginger roots, and something else (family secret, so they say).
We do not have to recommend a restaurant to try the Limon delights; at any small soda
(cafeteria) you can have a great fish with
What cultures have contributed to the Caribbean cuisine?
A.
Only the African
B.
Cultures without authentic flavors in their meals
C.
Only the new generation
D.
African and from other regions
12. Which of the following characteristics

define the Caribbean cuisine?
A.
The absence of African and regional legacy
B.
Poor preparation with lack of traditions
C.
Diverse ingredients and proper preparation
D.
Non-authentic flavors and few condiments
13. Which traditional recipe has a secret ingredient?
A.
Agua de sapo
B.
Rondn
C.
Rice and beans
D.
Patties
14. PREPARING TAMALES IS A FAMILY EVENT

Undoubtedly, tamales are the kings at Costa Rican tables. They are as important at
Christmas time as turkey is at Thanksgiving Day in the United States.
Costa Rican families usually work in teams when making tamales because it takes many
hours to prepare them. Costa Ricans consider them a symbol of the real meaning of
Christmas because their preparation involves a family reunion and sharing the tamales with
neighbors, relatives, and friends.
Even some relatives are exclusively in charge of preparing the plantain leaves, which need
to be softened over an open flame. When ready, they are cleaned with a wet towel to get rid
of the ashy dust, and finally the tamales are wrapped.
Tamales are served with a cup of coffee or agua dulce (a sugar-cane drink), escabeche and
some Salsa Lizano.
How do Costa Rican families manage the preparation of tamales?

They ___________________________. .
A.
make teams
B.
ask friends to clean plantain leaves
C.
interchange each ingredient
D.
involve neighbors
15. What do people use the plantain leaves for?

They use them to__________________ the tamales.
A.
soften
B.
wrap
C.
clean
D.
serve
16. Recipe #1: JL

Thyme Vinegar
1/2 cup fresh thyme leaves
4 cups natural vinegar (with no additives) or banana vinegar from the market
- Place all the ingredients together in a small jar.
- Close well and let stand for at least one week.
- It spices up salads, and it is also a nice gift.
Recipe #2:
Red-Wine Vinegar with Chili
3 bay leaves
4 thyme leaves or stems
3 small hot red chilies, fresh or dried (whole)
1 tsp. black pepper (whole)
4 cups red-wine vinegar
- Put all ingredients into a bottle, close and let stand for at least two weeks.
- This vinegar spices up tomato, green salads with avocado and much more.
Recipe #3:
Creamy Coriander Potatoes
3 cups small firm cooked potatoes
1/3 cup chopped fresh coriander
1 cup sour cream
1 tsp. salt
1 tbsp. butter
- Melt butter and add coriander and salt.
- Peel cooked potatoes and slice them in round pieces.
- Add butter and stir in sour cream.
- It can be used to complement with beef, sausages or broccoli.
Recipe #4:
Pico de Gallo
1/2 cup onion finely diced
1 garlic clove minced
1 lime ^
1 /2 teaspoon salt ^
1 1/2 to 2 tsp jalapeno peppers minced
2 cups diced tomatoes
1/2 cup chopped cilantro
- Marinate the onion and garlic in lime juice.
- Chop the jalapeno, the tomatoes and cilantro and stir gently to combine.
- Adjust seasonings, and then rest and serve.
- Use it with tacos and burritos or any other dish that needs a dose of freshness and zing.
How much time do vinegars need to marinate before using them?
A.
More than one year
B.
One week or more
C.
Up to one year
D.
Less than one week
17. Which kind of ingredient do recipes number 1 and 2 have in common?
A.
Hot red pepper
B.
Thyme
C.
Black pepper
D.
Banana vinegar
18. What kind of vinegar does the second recipe need?

It needs_______________________vinegar
A.
red-wine
B.
black
C.
banana
D.
natural
19. When preparing Pico de Gallo, people need the same amount
of___________________and cilantro.
A.
lime
B.
salt
C.
onion
D.
garlic
20. RUDE MANNERS AT THE TABLE

The following list states some rude
actions at the table. It is rude to ...
>chew with the mouth open.
>make noise when chewing.
>sip the soup and hot liquids noisily.
>pick up the plate and eat.
>tear off bread in little pieces, make

small balls and play with them.
>introduce the whole spoon in your
mouth or touch your teeth with it.
>use bread to take the food, instead
of using the fork or spoon.
>extract particles of food from your
teeth with the tongue.
At the table, it is impolite to________________________.
A.
hold food with the fork
B.
use bread to pick up food
C.
have a spoon to eat
D.
eat food with utensils
21. Good manners through the ages

Nowadays it is common to hear parents tell their children, Take your elbows off the table!
or Dont talk with food in your mouth!
In the 18th century rules like Dont wipe your fingers or napkin more than necessity
requires! or Dont smell your meal! were common.
A couple of well-known rules in the 1970's were: Eat silently, not noisily! and Teach all
children to eat the right handed way, even if they are lefties!
In the present, table rules are a little more direct. One of parents favorites is The only
proper place for spitting is at the dentists.
Even today, parents teach their children that__________________ is impolite.
A.
eating with the left hand
B.
avoiding wiping their fingers
C.
D.
? placing their elbows on the

table
?
talking before you eat
22. The main point of the text is the

following: ________________.
A.
How to wipe your fingers
B.
People should eat with their right hands
C.
Children keep silent while eating
D.
Table manners throughout the years
23. HOLIDAYS AROUND THE WORLD

The Moon Festival:
It is a Chinese holiday. It takes place right before the harvest in September or October. The
dates change, based on the traditional Chinese calendar. People celebrate that most of the
hard work in the fields is finished. On this holiday, people eat cakes that are round like the
moon and give thanks for the good things that happened during the year. It is also a time for
families to get together.
St. Lucias Day:
This is a holiday in Sweden. It is in December. It is a day to bring light into the house. Little
girls wear white dresses and a crown of candles. Towns all over Sweden choose their
Queen of Light. Homes and shops all burn candles throughout the day. People also eat
buns. This type of bread is for good luck.
Kite Flying:
It is popular in many countries, but is has a special meaning in Korea. In the first half of
January, many Korean boys fly kites. On January 15tK, they write No bad luck" on their
kites. They fly them very high in the sky. Then, they cut the string. The kite flies away. It
takes the bad luck away for the whole year.
The dates of the Moon Festival___________________________.
A.
change according to the Chinese calendar
B.
are always the same
C.
never change
D.
take place after October
24. People celebrate the Moon Festival because_________________________.
A.
the majority of the field work is over
B.
the rainy season just finished
C.
they eat round cakes
D.
families get together
25. The main symbol of St. Lucias Day is the___________________.
A.
buns
B.
clothing
C.
bread
D.
light
26. To attract good luck during St. Lucias Day, people________________________.
A.
dress up
B.
have the celebration in December
C.
eat buns
D.
choose the Queen of Light
27. Kite flying is _________________. .
A.
mostly an activity for girls
B.
meaningless in Korea
C.
celebrated during the first month of the year
D.
unpopular in Asia
28. DESTRUCTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A major problem in the world today is the destruction of the natural environment. For
example, finished products made of plastic are often non-biodegradable, so their negligent
disposal creates irreversible environmental damage to land and water. In addition, plastic
disposal has created an environmental crisis, which requires immediate preventive action.
Another source of pollution is the use of new chemicals. Factories that make or use
chemicals always produce chemical wastes which are often poisonous, and stay in the
environment.
Since 1945, several countries have been testing nuclear bombs in the air and underground.
The explosions in the air cause nuclear fallout (radioactive rain). A person's risk of getting
sick depends on how much radiation the body absorbs. Those exposed to high levels of
radiation could develop radiation sickness.
The irresponsible disposal of plastic products

promotes_______________________________.
A.
irreparable consequences
B.
environmental long-term actions.
C.
reparable land damage
D.
plastic overuse
29. Factories contribute to pollute the environment by__________________________. .
A.
testing radioactive rain
B.
storing chemicals underground
using chemicals that are often poisonous
causing cancer
C.
.
D.
30. Radiation affects humans depending on_______________________.
A.
the bomb explosion
B.
the persons sickness
C.
radiation levels
D.
fallout residuals underground
31. AWARD TO SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

The Award for Corporate Excellence recently given to Lapa Rios Hotel in Golfo Dulce as a
triumph for responsible tourism and environmental protection in Costa Rica, a country that
houses 6% of the entire worlds biodiversity. Lapa Rios and Finca Rosa Blanca are the only
Costa Rican hotels that have been awarded with the maximum distinction by the
International .Program for the Certification of Sustainable Tourism (CST).
Also, former Costa Rican Minister of Tourism, Rodrigo Castro, said that it was a true honor
for this country and its hotels to receive such award, because both public and private
agents are working constantly towards the conservation of the Costa Rican natural
resources.
The Award for Corporate Excellence is an award for____________________________.
A.
B.
making new hotels in the jungle
? tourist places that encourage the conservation of the

environment
C.
people who visit Lapa Rios Hotel
D.
cleaning the hotels using powerful cleaning products
32. In Costa Rica, ______________________protect the natural resources.
A.
? only Hotel Finca Rosa Blanca

applies conservation programs
B.
? private and public organizations

work together
C.
? the Ministry of Tourism works

separately from hotel owners
D.
? only the Ministry of Environment

applies programs
33. POS VOLCANO NATIONAL PARK

Poas Volcano National Park has a great diversity of flora, including native species like Poor
Mans Umbrella (Sombrilla de Pobre), tree-shaped ferns, and bromeliads, among others.
Visitors can also enjoy impressive scenic views from various sites along the following park
trails:
- Poor Mans Umbrella Trail - It takes from 10 to 15 minutes to complete the hike.
It leads visitors to a spectacular lookout point of the main crater, where people can see the
circular depression rich in sulfur and acids. There are many fumaroles, and north of the
main crater is the Von Frantzius Cone, the oldest eruptive focal point.
- Botos Lagoon Trail - It takes visitors into the cloud forest. It is an old crater that provides
crystal-clear, cold water to the park.
- Escalonia Trail - This 1700-foot long trail takes visitors into the heart of the forest, where
they can see a big variety of birds such as sooty robins, hummingbirds, quetzals, Rufouscollared Sparrows, and Yellow-thighed Finches.
The best time to visit the park is during the morning. Weekends are normally crowded and
clouds normally roll in around mid afternoon, making it difficult to enjoy the scenery.
However, on a clear day it is possible to see both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts.
Adapted from: Poas Volcano National Park. Costa Rican Tourism Board. Tourist Service
Department, 2015. Retrieved from www.visitecostarica.com
Poor Mans Umbrella is a kind of__________________________ .
A.
plant
B.
crater
C.
fumarole
D.
animal
34. Visitors can observe a source of water for the park at _______________________
A.
the main entrance
B.
Botos Lagoon Trail
C.
Escalonia Trail
D.
Poor Mans Umbrella Trail
35. Escalonia Trail allows visitors to see__________________
A.
the crater
B.
fauna
C.
different trails
D.
flora
36. The Poor Mans Umbrella Trail takes people to _______________________
A.
the cloud forest
B.
the heart of the forest
C.
a point where they can see the main crater
D.
a souvenir shop site
37. It is advisable to visit the park_______________________
A.
in the morning
B.
on weekends
C.
when it is cloudy
D.
in the afternoon
38. VACCINATION CAMPAIGN AGAINST INFLUENZA STARTS AT PUBLIC HOSPITALS

Costa Ricas Social Security System, or CCSS, is promoting an annual vaccination
campaign against seasonal influenza, hoping to double the number of people who get the
vaccine. Health Ministry officials want children between 6 months and 2 years old to get a
flu shot, along with people over 60 years old, pregnant women, and people with respiratory
problems or chronic diseases.
Flu cases in Costa Rica occur during the rainy season that runs from May to November.
The number of cases usually increases from July to September, according to CCSSs
records. Medical authorities expect to vaccinate a total of 715 000 people this year: 650 000
adults and 65 000 children. In the recent past, the vaccine was given only to people over 65
and to those with cancer, diabetes, heart and lung problems, or other chronic diseases.
Last year, a total of 300 000 Costa Ricans got the flu shot.
The campaign goes from April to May, at all CCSS hospitals and community clinics
(EBAIS). People who are not within the high-risk population, but want to get vaccinated as a
preventative measure can buy the vaccine in private pharmacies.
The vaccination campaign against influenza is held______________________________ .
A.
in May only
B.
once a year
C.
every 6 months
D.
from July to September
39. This campaign aims to_______________________
A.
give the vaccine only to pregnant women
B.
buy the vaccine at private pharmacies
C.
increase the amount of vaccinated people
D.
vaccinate people under 60 years old only
40. Flu cases mostly occur_______________________
A.
from July to September
B.
at the beginning of the year
C.
in May
D.
in April
41. Some years ago, this vaccine was provided only to_________________________
A.
pregnant women
B.
medical authorities
C.
babies
D.
people over 65 years old
42. This vaccination campaign takes place_________________________
A.
at the Health Ministry
B.
in private pharmacies
C.
in private hospitals
D.
in community clinics
43. RIGHT TO VOTE

One of the most important rights in a democracy is the right to vote. In Costa Rica, a
national election is held every four years, and every citizen can vote. This is the way people
can express their opinions about the candidates and their proposals to govern the country.
Since 1998, voters do not have to stamp their thumb prints on the ballots as they did in
previous years. Now, they vote by writing an X in one of the spaces provided on the ballot.
Another change approved by the Electoral Tribunal, at that time, is that it limits the time
each citizen has to vote. Instead of four minutes as in previous years, now they have only
two minutes.
Handicapped people also have the right to vote, but they do it in a different way. Although
each person votes secretly, they are allowed to vote publicly. The blind, for example, are
allowed to tell an officer for whom they want to vote, and the officer will write the X
following their instruction. Elderly with special needs may follow the same procedure.
Inmates also have the right to vote. The Electoral Tribunal has prepared voting rooms in at
least 17 prisons. This ensures that even those who are in prison retain their constitutional
right to vote.
During the 1998 elections,_____________________
A.
the time to vote was reduced by a half
B.
handicapped people used secret ballots
C.
each voter had four minutes to vote
D.
the blind voted on a secret ballot
44. Most people vote in private, but both, _______________________do it in a different way.
A.
inmates and regular citizens
B.
regular citizens and the elderly
C.
the blind and handicapped
D.
the elderly and the candidates -
45. A PEACEFUL COUNTRY IN THE REGION

For the past 100 years, Costa Rica has only known two very short military regimes.
Following a civil war in 1948, nine presidential campaigns have had an 80% of popular
voter turnout rate.
In a disturbed region that was plagued by civil wars, human rights abuses, and
dictatorships, Costa Rica has always stood out as an exception. Since 1949, when the
army was abolished, the country has had a stable democracy reinforced by the existence of
a democratic voting system.
The countrys commitment to broad social welfare, along with a strong support of public
education and public health, have helped to create a mature population, who have learned
how to solve problems without resorting to armed conflict.
Since 1949, Costa Ricans have experienced_________________________.
A.
military regimes
B.
stable and democratic years
C.
several civil wars
D.
unstable governments
46. Social welfare, education, and public health have helped Costa Ricans to
_______________________
A.
defend themselves for no particular reason
B.
resort to armed conflicts
C.
find a peaceful answer to problems
D.
avoid economic difficulties
47. FLEXIBLE WORK SCHEDULES ARE BENEFICIAL

A flexible work schedule is not just about working from home; it actually means employees
can do their job from wherever they need to be. While working from home may not be a
suitable option for every employee in every business, there are many different ways of
working flexibly which can have considerable business benefits.
By making a better use of technology such as audio and video-conferencing, social

networks, and mobile Internet, employees can work from wherever they need to be. This
helps to strengthen collaboration and enhance a sense of community among colleagues even if employees are not physically in the same place.
And the benefits do not stop there. Having employees who can work from anywhere, at any
time, and who are not tied to their desks means that small businesses can be more
responsive. The long list of potential benefits includes a more efficient and productive
organization, a more empowered and motivated workforce, better customer service and
increased customer loyalty, increased staff retention and attractiveness to potential
employees, reduced levels of sickness absence, and working hours that best suit
employees and customers.
The text indicates that workers who have a flexible

schedule____________________________.
A.
prefer to work in their office
B.
may become socially isolated
C.
'can work from anywhere
D.
must only work in their house
48. The use of technological tools_____________________
A.
strengthens business responsibility
B.
promotes positive relationships among co-workers
C.
promotes unfair competition among colleagues
D.
strengthens physical collaboration
49. Employees with flexible schedules____________________________
A.
hardly fulfill their needs
B.
get constant economic incentives
C.
give more helpful service to clients
D.
constantly lose track of time
50. It is correct to conclude that flexible work schedules_________________________
A.
lead to mass resignation
B.
are healthier for workers
C.
are favorable for employees only
D.
are impractical for small businesses
51. One of the advantages for businesses that the text exposes is
having_______________________
A.
workers only at home
B.
desk workers
C.
flexible schedules
D.
high levels of sickness absence
52. A SOLAR TECHNOLOGY SOLUTION

Those homeowners in Costa Rica interested in saving money and helping the environment
can always look to the sun for help. Many solar energy options are available here, ranging
from simple solar water heaters to large-scale solar panel systems. Companies that
specialize in solar energy can help assess the needs of each home to find the right solar
solution.
To begin using solar energy, we help homeowners to first consider their energy
consumption, how much they want to save on energy bills and how much they want to
invest, said the president of CONSENERGY S.A. (a San Jos company that sets up shell
solar panel systems). The geographical setting of a home is another factor to consider.
Installing just one solar panel will lower any homes power bill; however, it is not costefficient to run a San Jos home entirely on solar power.
Because of the high cost of solar energy equipment and the relatively inexpensive and
abundant electricity available in urban areas, a hybrid system that uses solar panels and
electricity from the ICE will save homeowners the most money.
CONSENERGY S.A.__________________solar panel systems.
A.
needs
B.
installs
C.
rents
D.
exports
53. CONSENERGY S.A. can____________________to find a correct answer for using solar
energy.
A.
assist homeowners
B.
share panels
C.
guide other companies
D.
persuade ICE
54. When getting a solar panel system, it is necessary to take the_______________ into
account.
A.
bad service given in a city
B.
low cost of its installation
C.
opinion of ICE
D.
location of the house
55. It is not recommended to use only solar energy in urban areas

because_____________________
A.
the equipment is expensive
B.
ICE can only install solar water heaters
C.
the electricity is more expensive in these areas
D.
water heaters are difficult to install ;
56. Solar energy and electricity represent a good opportunity to_______________________
A.
lower the consumption of solar energy
B.
buy cheap panels
C.
save some money
D.
acquire new appliances
57. 5 WAYS TO EARN THE RESPECT OF OTHERS

Step 1. Dont waste other peoples time; they will respect yours. This includes not being late
for appointments, getting to the point fast, and of course, making it easier for others to
make decisions.
Step 2. Always act as if the person youre talking about is right there with you. Everyone
has desirable and undesirable traits. Realize this and talk from this fundamental belief. If
you talk behind peoples backs, you and your reputation will quickly become irrelevant.
Step 3. Practice humility. Youre not always going to be right, and youre not the best at
everything. Confidence doesnt come from a place where youre the best. Every person has
something unique to offer to the world, including you.
Step 4. Have a moral code. Many omit this important little piece of advice. What do you
believe in? What makes you mad?
Step 5. At the other extreme of having a moral code is to remain open-minded. Being openminded is not complicated, nor is it in conflict with having a moral code.
In step 2, it is recommended to_______________
A.
have undesirable traits
B.
take care of your reputation
C.
minimize your reputation
D.
talk behind peoples backs
58. According to step 3, every person you meet_________________________
A.
is always right
B.
is the best at everything
C.
can teach you something
D.
practices humility
59. Step 4 encourages people to__________________________
A.
overlook moral codes
B.
forget about the world
C.
own a moral code
D.
skip world changes
60. Being open-minded is_____________________________
A.
an immoral behavior
B.
an extreme conduct
C.
very complicated
D.
an easy issue
61. THE MEDIA AFFECTS A TEEN'S BODY IMAGE

Nowadays, thousands of teenagers use diet and exercise to be similar to an image created
by the media.
What the Media Promotes:
70% of articles in teen magazines have to do with weight loss.
One out of four advertisements talks about attractiveness.
Effects on Females:
The media makes girls feel big. If women feel big, they want to lose weight, which might
develop into eating disorders. Ads influence females on having wrong eating habits. Girls
feel that they do not have what everyone else has. The media makes girls think that if they
have an ideal body, their lives will be perfect.
Effects on Males:
According to the media, males should have the following qualities: six-pack abs, acne-free
faces, being tall, and muscular arms. Boys try to get them by exercising too much, using
steroids, or dieting.
Helping Teens:
Teens should know that what they see on the media is unrealistic. Some suggestions are:
-You have the right body for you (every persons body is different and perfect).
-Do not waste all your time in the computer or TV (Go outside and enjoy life).
-Eat a balanced diet (Avoid junk food; it is bad for your health).
-If you feel depressed, talk to somebody to help you.
A lot of articles in teen publications talk about how to____________________________
A.
do exercise
B.
eat healthy food
C.
lose kilograms
D.
be unattractive
62. Which is one consequence of medias influence in girls?

It makes them__________________________.
A.
have the right eating habits
B.
exercise too much
C.
believe that a perfect body equals a perfect life
D.
use steroids or dieting
63. Boys who follow what media claims should________________________
A.
be short
B.
be on a diet constantly
C.
be unattractive
D.
do a little exercise
64. A piece of advice to help teens is that they___________________________
A.
should exercise too much to have the right body
B.
must have acne-free faces
C.
need to have a balanced diet
D.
must feel depressed
65. What is the main purpose of the article?

To______________________.
A.
explain how media affects teenagers and how to help them
B.
identify which type of media affects teenagers
C.
explain the ideal body for a teenager
D.
describe some ways in which media affects females

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Ingls 2008 www.ingeniosocr.

How old was Erick when he started training?

More than fourteen

2. For how long has been swimming?

Since he was seventeen

For nineteen years

For thirty-three years

3. What type of program did Ericks parents enroll him?

4. How many medals has Erick won until now?

Less than forty- nine

Less than thirty-three

More than forty eight

5. Where does Erick go to train? He goes to train to____________________

6. What time does Erick train?

Very early in the morning

In the middle of the morning

More than three

8. Why did the National Symphony Orchestra go to france?

A national musical festival

Eddie Moras work

9. What do Benjamin Gutierrez and Eddie Mora do? They_____________________.

Accompany the group

Are music writers

Manage the orchestra

Are piano performers

International House in Kobe

Not very nice

Not really great

According to the writer, international fast food is____________________.

Very emerging in Costa Rica

Healthy and free fat

An emerging business in United States

Considered healthy food

13. The main disadvantage of fast food is that it_____________________.

Has low nutritious value

Is cheap and easy to prepare

Has many vitamins and minerals

14. Fast food is very convenient because

People always eat it at home

It is usually severed with a lot of salt

People obtain very healthy food

You dont have to wait a long time to get it

A very sweet desert

Fried potatoes with mayonnaise

Some huge burgers

A plate of salad some huge burgers

Which recipes are used to spice up other dishes? The recipe(s)

More than one year

Less than one week

One week or more

Even today, parents teach their children that_______________________.

Avoid greasing their fingers

Not smelling the food

Talking before you eat

Placing their elbows on the table

19. In the 90s, experts included a rule against____________________.

The habit of spittingThe habit of spitting

Sitting at proper place

Right handed people place

21. The package includes different entertainments and _________________meals

22. Tourists will be out of San Jose for ___________days.

According to the text, who are the devotees? A group of___________________________.

Religious old women