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Surname:_______________________

First Name:_________________________

Student ID NO:_________________________

The University of Sydney

School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering

MECH3361 & MECH3310

Mechanics of Solids 2
Semester 1, 2005
Time allowed: Two hours
_____________________________________________________________________

INSTRUCTION

This examination consists of four problems, (a), (b), (c) and (d).
Problems (a), (b) and (c) are to be answered by students enrolled in MECH3361 (6CPs).
Problems (a), (b) and (d) are to be answered by students enrolled in MECH3310 (4CPs).
Do not take this examination paper out of the room.
Books and notes are not permitted in this examination room.

_____________________________________________________________________
This examination paper consists of 5 pages. You are asked to check that your paper is
complete and indicate that you have done so by signing, as provided below.
I have checked this paper and affirm that it is complete.

Signature:______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Note: Students finding an incomplete paper should obtain a replacement from the
Examination Supervisor immediately.

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ESSENTIAL FORMULAS
(i) Equations of motion

xx xy xz
+
+
+ f x = a x ,

x
y
z

yx yy yz
+
+
+ f y = a y ,

x
y
z

zy zz
zx

+
+
+ fz = a z .
x
y
z
(ii) Strain-displacement relations:

u
,
xx =
x

v
,
yy =
y

w
zz =
,
z

xy =

1 u v
+ ,
2 y x

yz =

1 w v
+ ,.

2 y z

zx =

1 u w

+
2 z x

(iii) Generalised Hookes law:

E
{(1 ) xx + ( yy + zz )},
(1 + )(1 - 2 )
E
{(1 ) yy + ( zz + xx )},
=
(1 + )(1 2 )
E
{(1 ) zz + ( xx + yy )},
=
(1 + )(1 2 )
E
E
E
=
xy , yz =
yz , zx =
zx .
1 +
1+
1+

xx =
yy
zz
xy

Or

1
[ xx - ( yy + zz )],
E
1
yy = [ yy - ( zz + xx )] ,
E
1
zz = [ zz - ( xx + yy )] ,
E
(1 + )
(1 + )
(1 + )
xy =
xy , yz =
yz , zx =
zx .
E
E
E

xx =

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Under plane-stress deformation, they can be simplified to

E xx = xx - yy ,

E yy = yy - xx ,

E xy = (1 + ) xy .
Under plane-strain deformation, they become

E

=
-

yy ,
2 xx xx
1
1
E

=
-

xx ,
2 yy yy
1
1

E

= 1 +

xy ,
2 xy
1
1

In polar coordinate system (r, , z), the stress-strain relationship has the same form as in the
above, provided that subscripts x and y in these equations are replaced by r and ,
respectively.
(iv) Stress transformation rule in xy-plane:

(
(

) (
)

1
1

nn = 2 xx + yy + 2 xx yy cos 2 + xy sin 2,

= 1 sin 2 + cos 2.
xx
xy
nt 2 yy
(v) General stress transformation:
nx = l xx + m yx + n zx
ny = l xy + m yy + n yz
nz = l xz + m yz + n zz

(vi) Principal strains in a plane deformation state in xy-plane:

2

1 1
xx yy
+ 2xy ,
= xx + yy
2 2
2

2 xy
tan 2 =
.
xx yy

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(vii) Airy stress function for plane deformation problems:

In Cartesian coordinate system, the relations between stresses and stress function, when
ignoring the body forces, are

xx =

2
,
y 2

yy =

2
,
x 2

xy =

2
.
xy

In polar coordinate system, they become

2
1 1 2
1 1 2
rr =
+
, = 2 , r = 2

.
r r r 2 2
r
r r r

The compatibility equation in terms of the stress function is

4
4
4
+2 2 2 + 4 = 0
x 4
x y
y

in Cartesian coordinate system and is

2 1
1 2 2 1
1 2
2+

= 0
+
+
+
r r r 2 2 r 2 r r r 2 2
r
in polar coordinate system.
(iix) Yield criteria:
Treasca criterion:
1 3 = Y.
von Mises criterion:

2 ) + ( 2 3 ) + ( 3 1 ) = 2 Y2 .
2

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Problems
A thin, large, square plate is under plane-stress deformation in the xy-plane (i.e., yz = xz =
zz = 0), as illustrated in the following figure. The tensile stress T at the two ends is uniformly
distributed. The radius of the central hole, a, is 0.001m and the side length of the plate is 1m.
The plate material has Youngs modulus = 210GPa and Poissons ratio = 0.3.

Using the stress function method, one has obtained the stresses in the plate as:

T a 2 T 3a 4 4a 2

=
1 2 + 1 + 4 2 cos 2 ,
rr
2
r 2
r
r

T a 2 T 3a 4

= 1 + 2 1 + 4 cos 2 ,
2
r 2
r

4
2
= T 1 3a + 2a sin 2 .
r
2
r4
r 2

(1)

but is unsure if they are correct or not, where r and are polar coordinates as shown in the
figure.
(a) Prove that the stresses in Eq. (1) are a correct stress solution to the plate. (30 marks)
(b) Find the principal strains, 1, 2 and 3, and their direction cosines, (l1, m1, n1), (l2, m2, n2)
and (l3, m3, n3), at point (r, , z) = (0.01m, /2, 0m) in the plate, when T = 100MPa. (50
marks)
(c) [Note: Students enrolled in MECH3310 (4CPs) do not need to do this.] It is known that
the plate material follows the Tresca yield criterion and its yield stress is Y = 300MPa. (1)
Determine the point(s) at which plastic deformation will occur first (5 marks). (2) Find the
value of the boundary stress T (in MPa) at which plastic deformation initiates. (15 marks)
(d) [Note: Students enrolled in MECH3361 (6CPs) do not need to do this] It is known that
the plate will fail when the maximum tensile stress at a point in it reaches 300MPa. (1)
Determine the point at which the maximum tensile stress will reach the failure stress first.
(5 marks) (2) Find the value of the maximum boundary stress T (in MPa) at which the
disk failure occurs. (15 marks)