KOLEJ UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL KEBANGSSAN MALAYSIA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

BMCF 2223 MEKANIK BENDALIR I
TUTORIAL 3
PRESSURE MEASUREMENT BY MANOMETER

1. The water in a tank is pressurized by air,

and the pressure is measured by a multi-fluid
manometer as shown in the Figure 1. Determine
the gage pressure of air in the tank if h1 = 0.2
m, h2 = 0.3 m, and h3 = 0.46 m. Take the
densities of water, oil, and mercury to be 1000
kg/m3, 850 kg/m3, and 13,600 kg/m3,
respectively.
[Ans: 56.9 kPa]

Figure 1
2. Both a gage and a manometer are attached
to a gas tank to measure its pressure (Figure 2). If
the reading on the pressure gage is 80 kPa,
determine the distance between the two fluid
levels of the manometer if the fluid is
(a) mercury ( = 13,600 kg/m3)
(b) water ( = 1000 kg/m3)
[Ans: 0.60 m, 8.16 m]
Figure 2
Fluid density

3. Using a u-tube manometer (Figure 3) to

measure gauge pressure of fluid density
r = 700 kg/m3, and the manometric fluid is
mercury, with a relative density of 13.6. What
is the gauge pressure if:
(a) h1 = 0.4m and h2 = 0.9m? [Ans: 1.17 bar]
(b) h1 stayed the same but h2 = -0.1m?
[ Ans : -0.16 bar]

D
h2

A
h1
B

Manometric fluid density man

Figure 3

Fluid density

4. In the Figure 4 two pipes containing the

same fluid of density = 990 kg/m3 are
connected using a u-tube manometer. What is
the pressure between the two pipes if the
manometer contains fluid of relative density
13.6? [ Ans: 54 568 N/m2 ]

Fluid density

B
ha = 1.5 m
hb = 0.75 m

h = 0.5 m

Manometric fluid density man = 13.6

Figure 4

5. Fresh water and seawater flowing

in parallel horizontal pipelines are
connected to each other by a double Utube manometer, as shown in the Figure
5. Determine the pressure difference
between the two pipelines. Take the
density of seawater at that location to
be = 1035 kg/m3. Can the air
column be ignored in the analysis?
[Ans: 3.39 kPa]
Figure 5

6. The gage pressure of the air in the tank

shown in the Figure 6 is measured to be 65
kPa. Determine the differential height h of the
mercury column. [Ans: 47 cm]

Figure 6

7. A closed cylindrical tank filled with water

Hemispherical donme
has a hemispherical dome and is connected to
an inverted piping system as shown in Figure
C
7. The liquid in the top part of the piping pA =
system has a specific gravity of 0.8, and the 60 kPa
3m
remaining parts of the system are filled with
A
water. If the pressure gage reading at A is 60
kPa, determine:
(a) the pressure in pipe B
(b) the pressure head, in millimetres of
mercury, at the top of the dome (point C)
[Ans: 103 kPa, 230 mm]

4m

SG = 0.8

3m
2m
Water

Figure 7

Manometer fluid
1m
8. For the stationary fluid shown in Figure 8, the
pressure at point B is 20 kPa greater than at point
A. Determine the specific weight of the manometer
fluid. [Ans: 7, 100 N/m3]

2m
A
SG = 1.2

2m
B
Density = 1500 kg/m3
Figure 8

9. The mercury manometer of Figure 9 indicates

a differential reading of 0.30 m when the
pressure in pipe A is 30-mm Hg vacuum.
Determine the pressure in pipe B, when the
specific weight of oil is 8.95 kN/m3.
[Ans: 33.97 kPa]

Figure 9

10. The tube in Figure 10 is filled with

oil of specific gravity 0.85.
(a) Determine the pressure at A.
(b) Express the pressure at A in meter of
water. .
[Ans: - 4169.25 Pa , - 0.425 m]

Atmosphere

Air
0.5 m

Oil of S.G. = 0.85

Figure 10

Figure 11

11.
An air-filled, hemispherical shell is
attached to the ocean floor at a depth of 10
m as shown in Figure 11. A mercury
barometer located inside the shell reads 765
mm Hg, and a mercury U-tube manometer
designed to give the outside water pressure
indicates a differential reading of 735 mm Hg
as illustrated. Based on these data what is the
atmospheric pressure at the ocean surface?
Given the specific weight of sea water is 10.1
kN/m3.
[Ans: 95.49 kPa]

12. A 0.02-m-diameter manometer tube is

connected to a 6-m-diameter full tank as
shown in Figure 12. Determine the density of
the unknown liquid in the tank.
[Ans: 1927 kg/m3]

Figure 12