Acknowledgements

Here you should express your gratitude to all those who have helped you in your project at
any stage. Ideally you should start with your internal / external guide. Then HOD and
principal should come who have permitted you to carry out the project in this premise
without experiencing any hurdles.
In the second paragraph you can acknowledge other faculty members or lab technicians if
they have helped you in your project work. You can also acknowledge your friends here.
In the last paragraph you are supposed to express your thankfulness to or other persons that
are not concerned with your college e.g. your family members, neighbors, roommates etc. last
but not least you can pay your gratitude to almighty who has given you the internal and
external power to carry out all this work.

Member 1
Member 2
Member 3

Abstract
Abstract is mirror of your complete report. Even if your report is not so good you can express
it as the best if you write a good abstract. Remember that first impression is the last
impression. Abstract is your first impression on the reviewer. It should be of about 3 5 %
length of your total core thesis size excluding front matter and back matter. It should be
divided in 2 or maximum 3 paragraphs. In the first paragraph you can give details of recent
trends in the area in which you have worked.
Second paragraph should contain main aim, objectives working methodology and description
of circuits / methods that you have implemented in your project work.
In the last paragraph (if present) you should emphasize on usefulness of the work that is done
by you for the period of one year. How it can serve the society? What is / are the important
outcome(s) of your project etc. should be answered here. Generally abstract is of one page
but it must never exceed on and half page

List of Tables

Table No.

Description

Page No.

2.1

List out all the tables that are used in your report

2.2

Table No. Should be in accordance with Chapter No.

3.1

Simply Table 1, Table 2 etc. Should not be used

15

4.1

Give appropriate title at the place where you have put the table in your

20

report

List of Figures

Figure No.

Description

Page No.

2.1

List out all the Figures that are used in your report

2.2

Figure No. Should be in accordance with Chapter No.

3.1

Simply Fig. 1, Fig. 2 etc. Should not be used

15

4.1

Give appropriate caption at the place where you have put the figure in

20

your report
5.1

In order to give citation to any figure right click on the figure

30

5.2

Select insert caption option to give automatic numbering for the

35

figures in main report

Abbreviations and Nomenclature

Nomenclature / Abbreviation
Nomenclature

Description
It means the symbols like letters that are used in report see
examples below

Unit used for resistance

Resistivity (in *m)

Symbol used for conductivity

Angular frequency (in rad / sec)

Abbreviations

Following examples show how to write abbreviations

ETAP

Electrical Transient Analyzer Program

PMU

Phasor Measurement Unit

IEEE

Institution for Electrical and Electronics Engineers

Table of Contents
Chapter No.

Section

Sub

Description

Page No.

Section
Acknowledgement

Abstract

ii

List of Tables

iv

List of Figures

List of Nomenclature and Abbreviations

vii

Table of Contents

ix

Introduction

1.1

Back ground of the area of working

1.2

Important definitions (if any)

1.3

Objectives of the work

1.4

Problem

Identification

and

proposed

solution
1.5

Phase wise Planning of the Project work

1.6

Outcome of the Project

Literature Review

10

2
2.1

Brief

Review

on

various

important

11

Generally 5 6 references should be taken

13

references taken by you

2.2
3

Theoretical Background

16

3.1

This chapter should include following

16

3.2

Brief introduction of theoretical part of

18

your project based on which you have

undertaken the project
3.3

Details of main theoretical topics that are

22

related with work done in your project

3.4

Give approximately 10 15% weightage

23

to the theoretical chapter from overall

report work
3.4.1

Advantages Disadvantages, applications

24

3.4.1

Advantages Disadvantages, applications

24

etc. should be included in this chapter.

3.4.2

It is not a good practice to dedicate

25

separate chapter especially for advantages,

disadvantages and applications
4

Main Chapter (20 25% length of total report size)

4.1

This should include description of the

26
26

circuit / block diagram of your circuit

4.2

Give as much detailed description of your

30

main circuit, block diagrams, working of

the circuit and diagrams as possible
4.3

Details regarding various components in

33

the circuit can also be included. However

this should be only about 8 - 10% of total
report size.
4.3.1

It should not happen that the chapter starts

and completes with only component
description

34

4.3.2

Dedicated chapter for components used in

36

the project is not expected

5

Results and Analysis (15 20% length of total report size)

5.1
5.1.1

37

Results

37

Provide Results in the form of graphs,

38

tables, charts, snapshots etc.

5.1.2
5.2

Results should be clearly noticeable

40

This is the main chapter in which any

43

reviewer is interested in
5.3

Therefore it is advised to give extensive

44

results as far as possible.

5.3.1

You should be able to justify the one year

46

work with the help of your results

5.3.2

Comparison table can also be used for

48

analysis of results or to show the

superiority of your work compared with
some other ones work or any prevalent
practices
6

Conclusion and Future Planning

6.1

Conclusion (Includes crisp and clear,

50
50

short and sweet details of what you have

done in the complete project. Here within
one page you have to state complete
summary of your report project work)
6.2

Future Planning (This section should be

of about half to one page. Here you should
state those aspects of your project that
have not been accomplished and you
suggest others that these things can be

51

done in future.)
References (Not included as chapter)
Appendix 1(That part of theory / software which cannot be included in

52
55

the main chapters is covered under appendices)

Appendix 2(Here page numbering should be continuous however these

57

are not added as main chapters)

Appendix 3(Maximum 3 appendices should be there which includes
supporting material to your thesis.)

60

Chapter 1
Title of the chapter
1.1 Introduction
Brief introduction of present day scenario

1.2 Background
General background on what has been done till today

1.3 Objectives of the work

What you are planning to do?

1.4 Problem Identification and Proposed Solution

How you have planned to do? Method etc.

1.5 Project Planning

Step by step planning of project

1.6 Outcome of the project

What is final outcome of your project?

Chapter 2
Literature Review
2.1 Brief Review on various important references taken by you
Write down 5 6 references as per following standard format

2.2 Standard format for citing the papers / books that are used as major
references
Name of the Author, Title of book / thesis / journal paper / conference paper, Name
of journal / name of conference / publisher of book, page No. in case of journal papers /
conference papers or chapter No. in case of books, Year of publication:
Now write down some description of the above mentioned paper / book. Consider following
examples.
Ariponnammal, S. and Natarajan, S., Transport Phenomena of Stem cell X Asx,
Pramana Journal of Physics Vol.42, No.1, pp.42, 1994:
This is example of a journal paper
Barnard, R.W. and Kellogg, C., Applications of Convolution Operators to Problems in
Univalent Function Theory, Michigan Mach, J., Vol.27, pp.8194, 1980:
This is example of research article or magazine paper
Shin, K.G. and Mckay, N.D. Open Loop Minimum Time Control of Mechanical
Manipulations and its Applications, Proc. Amer. Contr. Conf., San Diego, CA, pp. 12311236, 1984:
This is example of Conference paper
Mc Donald John D., Design of Electrical Substations, EPRI power series books,
Oxford Publishing House, Ch. 13, pp. 102 130, 2006 :
This is example of referring to any book

Chapter 3
Theoretical Background
3.1 Starting of main project
From here you start writing about your main project. Initially include details regarding some
previous work that is done by other or that is generally used in practice.

3.2 Describe the main base of your project work

This chapter should contain a lot all the theoretical part including advantages, disadvantages
and applications.

3.3 Advantages, Disadvantages and applications

Generally it is not preferred to devote one complete chapter for advantages, disadvantages
and applications

Chapter 4
Main Chapter
4.1 Description of main circuit diagram / Block diagram
This chapter is the main part of your report. This should consist of 25 30% content of the
total report. Give as much details as possible of main circuit diagram, block diagram of your
main circuit etc.

4.2 Working of circuit

Give in depth description of the circuit and explain its working in detail.

4.3 Details of components used

Include details regarding all the components in this chapter. Please do not provide separate
chapter for components and its details. Do not include datasheets of ICs to increase size of
your report.
4.3.1 Significance of this chapter
In this chapter you have to include almost all the work done by you in the project. Please do
not include the things that you are not aware about. Do not include unnecessary things to
increase size of your thesis. Only those things are expected that you know very well. Here
you represent those things that you have implemented and how you have implemented these
things.

Chapter 5
Results and Analysis
5.1Results
Provide as much results as possible here. This is considered as second most important chapter
of your report. It should contain about 15 20% content of you total project work.
5.1.1 Representation of results
You can represent results in the form of tables, charts, waveforms, snapshots etc. You must be
able to justify your work done during one year by explaining the significant results.
5.1.2 Justification of work
Even if you have prepared hardware for your project, you must be able to justify the work in
the report itself by representing important results obtained by the work carried out by you

5.2 Analysis of the results

You should be able to analyze the results obtained from your work and try to show that the
work is superior to the work that is being done in present. At least you must be able to prove
that your project is up to the mark for being considered as an undergraduate level project. You
can analyze the results by comparison with some other results or some other methods or type
of hardware being used in other circuits.

Chapter 6
Conclusion and Future Scope of work
6.1 Conclusion
Conclusion should be crisp and clear, short and sweet. You have to explain what you have
done and how you have done in one or two paragraphs. Important outcome of your project
should be given more emphasis. Explain how your project will serve the society. How your
project adds value to the prevalent practices in the field. Conclusion is the final point of your
current project. Conclusion should be added as a chapter and after conclusion only future
scope should be described. Advantages, disadvantages, application summary or any other
things should never follow the conclusion. Conclusion means end of the core material of the
project. After this only back matter will come that includes references and appendices

6.2 Future scope of work

Here you can write down those points that you have not been able to implement in the due
course of your project work. However this can be undertaken by other in future to add more
valuable features to the present work. This should complete in one or two paragraphs at the
max.

References
References should not be included as a chapter because it is part of back matter and not the
main body of the project report itself. Following are some standard format for citing various
references.
For Journal Papers:
Name of the Author(s), Title of journal paper, Name of journal, page No., Year of
publication:
For Example:
Ariponnammal, S. and Natarajan, S., Transport Phenomena of Stem cell X Asx,
Pramana Journal of Physics Vol.42, No.1, pp.42, 1994:
For Conference Papers:
Name of the Author(s), Title of conference paper, Name of conference, Place of
Conference, page No., Year of conference:
For Example:
Shin, K.G. and Mckay, N.D. Open Loop Minimum Time Control of Mechanical
Manipulations and its Applications, Proc. Amer. Contr. Conf., San Diego, CA, pp. 12311236, 1984:
For books:
Name of the Author(s), Title of Book, Name of Publisher, Chapter No., page No., Year
of publication:
For Example:
Mc Donald John D., Design of Electrical Substations, EPRI power series books,
Oxford Publishing House, Ch. 13, pp. 102 130, 2006 :
For on line resources:
http://www.full name of website.com
Do not write google.com or Wikipedia as the reference. You have to give the complete
link from which you have referred the content.

Appendix A
Title of appendix
A.1 purpose of appendix
Appendices should contain the material that cannot be covered in the main report. Here you
can provide the description of the software used in the project

A.2 need of appendix

Certain contents cannot be included in the main chapter in order to maintain continuity of the
flow of presenting the report. These things e.g. program for loading ICs, description of
special dedicated software used in the project etc. should be included as appendices.

Appendix B
Title of appendix
B.1 Limitations
In the report there can be two or at the most three appendices.

B.2 Length of appendices

Generally 2 3 pages are devoted to appendices however in special circumstances 5 6
pages can also be used. However it should not happen that the appendices are longer than
original chapters.

B.3 Ideal Report

An ideal report consists of 5 7 chapters at the max. Even M. Tech and PhD Thesis are
having maximum 8 chapters, so try to keep no. of chapters within specified limit