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identify the schizophrenia at the initial stage and take appropriate action as per the
doctors instructions.

Although scientist know that genes are not destiny but still one of the important
attribute factors together with early environment, neurobiology, psychology and social
process. Still a person may have some of the genes that are associated will increased risk
of mental illness, and according to my research suggest that only if a person is exposed to
specific environmental factors and perceived stressed do the genes become active and
thereby further increased the risk for, or trigger ,the illness .There is no specific amount
of genetic or environmental that has been identified that will ensure someone will or will
not develop schizophrenia so its never too late, or too early to begin planning for your
mental health.

1. What are the defining characteristics of the psychiatric disorder schizophrenia?

2. Who may develop schizophrenia?
3. How schizophrenia develops?

SCHIZOPHRENIA: NATURE OR NURTURE

I. PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AS A DISORDER

Schizophrenia a not only affects the person with the disease but also their
relationship with the people around them .Schizophrenia often withdraw and isolate
themselves, those developing paranoia creating difficulties within their relationship .Their
paranoia causes them to form absorb and suspicious beliefs about their family or friends.
And its hard to reason with them because they are incapable to think rationally. The
common sign and symptoms they have are grandiose delusional thoughts, anger,
tendency to argue, intensity with interacting with others and violent behavior. A
schizophrenic accuses everyone around him lying or somehow trying to hurt him to feel
frustrate and run out of ways to respond anymore usually they would feel irritated and
confused on whether to just go along with such crazy accusations otherwise, to confront
then and these arguments destroy their relationship, if not close to giving up on it.

Schizophrenic are most likely to attempt suicide ,and few of them succeeding doing
it is more likely to happen in upswing of the disorder, when the symptoms abated a little
and the person sees really more clearly. They often keep their thoughts private, so any
suicidal talk threats or gestures should be taken very seriously.

Alcohol use disorder is said to be the most common co-occurring disorder in people
with schizophrenia. And it also complicates the course and treatment of schizophrenia.
People with schizophrenia who continue to drink alcohol frequently abuse other
substances as well they probably use alcohol and other drugs for many of the same
reasons as other in society, but it could also be an attempt to self-medicate, relieve
symptoms. However the addiction treatment

Program expert a schizophrenic to be stabilized before they can be admitted to their

addition programs and the psychiatrist say they a can't help a patient if they have an
active substance abuse program.

Schizophrenics are unable to carry out daily routine daily activities; this is due to the
delusions, hallucination and fantasies they experience which confuse them to focus on
their task, even simple ones like eating meals and taking baths. They behave quite silly
and have troubles of taking care of themselves. Other signs and symptoms include
impaired communication skills, incomprehensible or illogical speech, emotional
indifference and infantile behavior. Because of these they lose touch on how they are
supposed to carry out their duties for the day. There are also cases when the diagnosed
show inappropriate expressions or responses to certain situations.

II. SCHIZOPHRENIA AS ABIOLOGICAL CAUSE

Schizophrenia has strong heredity component-individuals with a first degree relative

(parent-sibling) who has schizophrenia have a 10 percent chance of developing the

disorder, as opposed to the 1 percent chance of the general population. But schizophrenia
is only influenced by genetics, and not determine by it. While schizophrenia runs in
families about 60% of schizophrenics have no family members with schizophrenia with
the disorder. Furthermore, individuals who are generally predisposed to schizophrenia
don't always develop the disease. Which shows biology is not destiny.

One possible cause of schizophrenia may be heredity for genetics. Experts think that
came people inherit a tendency to schizophrenia. In fact the disorder tends to "run" in
families, but among blood relatives. People with who have family members with
schizophrenia may be more likely to get disease themselves Dr.Nacher Bechara an expert
psychiatrist point out that if both biological parents have schizophrenia, there is nearby a
40% chance that their child will get it, too(48).This happens ever if the child is adopted
and raised by mentally healthy adults. In people who have an identical twin with
schizophrenia. The chance of schizophrenia developing is almost 50%.In contrast
children whose biological mentally healthy-even if their adoptive parents have
schizophrenia-have about a 1% chance of getting the disease. Some studies have shown
that influenza infection or improper nutrition during pregnancy and complication during
birth may increase the risk that the baby will develop schizophrenia later in life

Another factor for the development of schizophrenia is the brain chemical imbalance.
In the biopsychosocial theory it stated that dopamine is indeed to some degree
responsible for the onset schizophrenia. In addition to the dopamine factor however,
specific stressors and genetic factors may also be important. In the area of major illness,

especially schizophrenia, excluding biological or neurological factors from research is

liability for research and clinical efforts because schizophrenia is such a complex.
Biopsychosocial phenomenon. The research conducted by Farmer and pandura suggest
that while dopamine may be factor, there may be tendency to inherit the specific levels of
dopamine and how they function in person brain. In other words some people may be
predisposed to chemical imbalance to chemical imbalance in the brain. The two
researchers state very clearly through that the disease itself is not inherited the
vulnerability for the disease can be inherited.
"Vulnerability, in combination with relevant stressors, leads to the development of
symptoms of schizophrenia. This perspective integrates biological characteristics with
psychological and social aspect of human behavior, providing a biopsychosocial
understanding of the variables that lead to a schizophrenic illness.

III.SCHIZOPHRENIA AS ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSE

Twin and adaptation studies suggest the inherited genes make a person vulnerability
to trigger disorder. As for the environmental factors involved, more and more research is

pointing to dress, either during pregnancy or a later stage of development. High levels of
stress are believed to trigger schizophrenia by increasing the body's production of the
hormone cortisol.

Research points to several stress including environmental factors that may be involved
in schizophrenia, including prenatal exposure to a viral infection, low oxygen levels
during birth(from prolonged labor or premature birth), exposure to a virus during infancy,
early parental loss or separation, physical or sexual abuse in childhood.

In addition to abnormal brain chemistry, abnormalities in brain structures may also play
arose in schizophrenia. Enlarged brain ventricles are seen in some schizophrenics,
indicating a deficit in the volume of brain tissue. There is also evidence of abnormally
low activity in the frontal lobe, the area of the brain responsible for planning, reasoning
and decision making. Some studies also suggest the abnormalities in the temporal lobes,
hippocampus, and amygdala are connected to schizophrenia's positive symptoms. But
despite the evidence of brain are connected to schizophrenia's positive symptoms. But
despite the evidence of brain abnormalities, it is highly unlikely that schizophrenia is the
result of any problem in any one region of the brain.
Schizophrenia can be wilding destructive force, not only to those who suffer from it, but
also to their friends and relatives. The families of people with schizophrenia often
struggle with a wide range of difficult emotions, including fear, guilt, anger, frustrations,
and helplessness. Worried about the stigma of mental, illness or confused and
embarrassed by strange behaviors they don't understand, family members may also try to

hide their loved one's illness from others.

IV. COPING MECHANISM

Unfortunately, isolation and denial only compound the problems schizophrenia
causes in the home. According to the national alliance on mental illness, the families who
deal most successfully with schizophrenia are those that come to accept the illness and its
difficulties are realistic in what they expect of the ill person and themselves and maintain
a sense of humor. Keeping positive outlooks is much easier when you have others to turn
to for support. Like a loved one with schizophrenia, support, encouragement, and
understanding should be rendered.

CONCLUSION
As we can see, from some of the movie that has character with Schizophrenia,
were normally people who kill or with some behavior that will hurt people around him or

her. This may lead us to understanding of schizophrenia. But all of this symptoms can be
control by taking medicines according to physicians instruction. Understanding of the
disorder may give us knowledge on the proper handling of such person with
schizophrenia. Reducing the exposure to such believed causes of the disease may help in
preventing the onset of the disease.

Family is also another factor that will help schizophrenia developer to recover
better if compared to those who feel ashamed having family members that developed
schizophrenia. Many homeless persons are suffering from schizophrenia, mood disorder,
and other serious psychological problems. Schizophrenia as a disruptive disease should
be clearly understood. With our help in the treatment of this psychiatric disorder, by
being part of the support system, person with this disorder can possibly cope with such
signs and symptoms if not rehabilitated.

In the conclusion, we who were normal people should treat schizophrenia

developer the way they need, as this will improve their self-esteem, social skills that
needed, and also may recover better.

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